Target_ID Target_name Synonymous Uniprot KEGG ID HGNC ID miRBase_ID Ensembl_Gene_ID Gene ID Gene_name Target Type Chromosomal location Sequence Family Function M6ATAR00318 130 kDa leucine-rich protein (LRPPRC) 130 kDa leucine-rich protein; LRP 130; GP130; LRP130 LPPRC_HUMAN hsa:10128 HGNC:15714 . ENSG00000138095 10128 LRPPRC Protein coding 2p21 MAALLRSARWLLRAGAAPRLPLSLRLLPGGPGRLHAASYLPAARAGPVAGGLLSPARLYAIAAKEKDIQEESTFSSRKISNQFDWALMRLDLSVRRTGRIPKKLLQKVFNDTCRSGGLGGSHALLLLRSCGSLLPELKLEERTEFAHRIWDTLQKLGAVYDVSHYNALLKVYLQNEYKFSPTDFLAKMEEANIQPNRVTYQRLIASYCNVGDIEGASKILGFMKTKDLPVTEAVFSALVTGHARAGDMENAENILTVMRDAGIEPGPDTYLALLNAYAEKGDIDHVKQTLEKVEKSELHLMDRDLLQIIFSFSKAGYPQYVSEILEKVTCERRYIPDAMNLILLLVTEKLEDVALQILLACPVSKEDGPSVFGSFFLQHCVTMNTPVEKLTDYCKKLKEVQMHSFPLQFTLHCALLANKTDLAKALMKAVKEEGFPIRPHYFWPLLVGRRKEKNVQGIIEILKGMQELGVHPDQETYTDYVIPCFDSVNSARAILQENGCLSDSDMFSQAGLRSEAANGNLDFVLSFLKSNTLPISLQSIRSSLLLGFRRSMNINLWSEITELLYKDGRYCQEPRGPTEAVGYFLYNLIDSMSDSEVQAKEEHLRQYFHQLEKMNVKIPENIYRGIRNLLESYHVPELIKDAHLLVESKNLDFQKTVQLTSSELESTLETLKAENQPIRDVLKQLILVLCSEENMQKALELKAKYESDMVTGGYAALINLCCRHDKVEDALNLKEEFDRLDSSAVLDTGKYVGLVRVLAKHGKLQDAINILKEMKEKDVLIKDTTALSFFHMLNGAALRGEIETVKQLHEAIVTLGLAEPSTNISFPLVTVHLEKGDLSTALEVAIDCYEKYKVLPRIHDVLCKLVEKGETDLIQKAMDFVSQEQGEMVMLYDLFFAFLQTGNYKEAKKIIETPGIRARSARLQWFCDRCVANNQVETLEKLVELTQKLFECDRDQMYYNLLKLYKINGDWQRADAVWNKIQEENVIPREKTLRLLAEILREGNQEVPFDVPELWYEDEKHSLNSSSASTTEPDFQKDILIACRLNQKKGAYDIFLNAKEQNIVFNAETYSNLIKLLMSEDYFTQAMEVKAFAETHIKGFTLNDAANSRLIITQVRRDYLKEAVTTLKTVLDQQQTPSRLAVTRVIQALAMKGDVENIEVVQKMLNGLEDSIGLSKMVFINNIALAQIKNNNIDAAIENIENMLTSENKVIEPQYFGLAYLFRKVIEEQLEPAVEKISIMAERLANQFAIYKPVTDFFLQLVDAGKVDDARALLQRCGAIAEQTPILLLFLLRNSRKQGKASTVKSVLELIPELNEKEEAYNSLMKSYVSEKDVTSAKALYEHLTAKNTKLDDLFLKRYASLLKYAGEPVPFIEPPESFEFYAQQLRKLRENSS . May play a role in RNA metabolism in both nuclei and mitochondria. In the nucleus binds to HNRPA1-associated poly(A) mRNAs and is part of nmRNP complexes at late stages of mRNA maturation which are possibly associated with nuclear mRNA export. May bind mature mRNA in the nucleus outer membrane. In mitochondria binds to poly(A) mRNA. Plays a role in translation or stability of mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunits. May be involved in transcription regulation. Cooperates with PPARGC1A to regulate certain mitochondrially encoded genes and gluconeogenic genes and may regulate docking of PPARGC1A to transcription factors. Seems to be involved in the transcription regulation of the multidrug-related genes MDR1 and MVP. Part of a nuclear factor that binds to the invMED1 element of MDR1 and MVP gene promoters. Binds single-stranded DNA (By similarity). M6ATAR00587 40S ribosomal protein S6 (S6) Phosphoprotein NP33; Small ribosomal subunit protein eS6 RS6_HUMAN hsa:6194 HGNC:10429 . ENSG00000137154 6194 S6 Protein coding 9p22.1 MKLNISFPATGCQKLIEVDDERKLRTFYEKRMATEVAADALGEEWKGYVVRISGGNDKQGFPMKQGVLTHGRVRLLLSKGHSCYRPRRTGERKRKSVRGCIVDANLSVLNLVIVKKGEKDIPGLTDTTVPRRLGPKRASRIRKLFNLSKEDDVRQYVVRKPLNKEGKKPRTKAPKIQRLVTPRVLQHKRRRIALKKQRTKKNKEEAAEYAKLLAKRMKEAKEKRQEQIAKRRRLSSLRASTSKSESSQK Eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family Component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit. Plays an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA. M6ATAR00160 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating (6PGD/PGD) PGDH 6PGD_HUMAN hsa:5226 HGNC:8891 . ENSG00000142657 5226 PGD Protein coding 1p36.22 MAQADIALIGLAVMGQNLILNMNDHGFVVCAFNRTVSKVDDFLANEAKGTKVVGAQSLKEMVSKLKKPRRIILLVKAGQAVDDFIEKLVPLLDTGDIIIDGGNSEYRDTTRRCRDLKAKGILFVGSGVSGGEEGARYGPSLMPGGNKEAWPHIKTIFQGIAAKVGTGEPCCDWVGDEGAGHFVKMVHNGIEYGDMQLICEAYHLMKDVLGMAQDEMAQAFEDWNKTELDSFLIEITANILKFQDTDGKHLLPKIRDSAGQKGTGKWTAISALEYGVPVTLIGEAVFARCLSSLKDERIQASKKLKGPQKFQFDGDKKSFLEDIRKALYASKIISYAQGFMLLRQAATEFGWTLNYGGIALMWRGGCIIRSVFLGKIKDAFDRNPELQNLLLDDFFKSAVENCQDSWRRAVSTGVQAGIPMPCFTTALSFYDGYRHEMLPASLIQAQRDYFGAHTYELLAKPGQFIHTNWTGHGGTVSSSSYNA 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase family Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH. M6ATAR00334 72 kDa type IV collagenase (MMP2) 72 kDa gelatinase; Gelatinase A; Matrix metalloproteinase-2; MMP-2; TBE-1; CLG4A MMP2_HUMAN hsa:4313 HGNC:7166 . ENSG00000087245 4313 MMP2 Protein coding 16q12.2 MEALMARGALTGPLRALCLLGCLLSHAAAAPSPIIKFPGDVAPKTDKELAVQYLNTFYGCPKESCNLFVLKDTLKKMQKFFGLPQTGDLDQNTIETMRKPRCGNPDVANYNFFPRKPKWDKNQITYRIIGYTPDLDPETVDDAFARAFQVWSDVTPLRFSRIHDGEADIMINFGRWEHGDGYPFDGKDGLLAHAFAPGTGVGGDSHFDDDELWTLGEGQVVRVKYGNADGEYCKFPFLFNGKEYNSCTDTGRSDGFLWCSTTYNFEKDGKYGFCPHEALFTMGGNAEGQPCKFPFRFQGTSYDSCTTEGRTDGYRWCGTTEDYDRDKKYGFCPETAMSTVGGNSEGAPCVFPFTFLGNKYESCTSAGRSDGKMWCATTANYDDDRKWGFCPDQGYSLFLVAAHEFGHAMGLEHSQDPGALMAPIYTYTKNFRLSQDDIKGIQELYGASPDIDLGTGPTPTLGPVTPEICKQDIVFDGIAQIRGEIFFFKDRFIWRTVTPRDKPMGPLLVATFWPELPEKIDAVYEAPQEEKAVFFAGNEYWIYSASTLERGYPKPLTSLGLPPDVQRVDAAFNWSKNKKTYIFAGDKFWRYNEVKKKMDPGFPKLIADAWNAIPDNLDAVVDLQGGGHSYFFKGAYYLKLENQSLKSVKFGSIKSDWLGC peptidase M10A family Ubiquitinous metalloproteinase that is involved in diverse functions such as remodeling of the vasculature, angiogenesis, tissue repair, tumor invasion, inflammation, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture. As well as degrading extracellular matrix proteins, can also act on several nonmatrix proteins such as big endothelial 1 and beta-type CGRP promoting vasoconstriction. Also cleaves KISS at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Appears to have a role in myocardial cell death pathways. Contributes to myocardial oxidative stress by regulating the activity of GSK3beta. Cleaves GSK3beta in vitro. Involved in the formation of the fibrovascular tissues in association with MMP14.; PEX, the C-terminal non-catalytic fragment of MMP2, posseses anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties and inhibits cell migration and cell adhesion to FGF2 and vitronectin. Ligand for integrinv/beta3 on the surface of blood vessels.; [Isoform 2]: Mediates the proteolysis of CHUK/IKKA and initiates a primary innate immune response by inducing mitochondrial-nuclear stress signaling with activation of the pro-inflammatory NF-kappaB, NFAT and IRF transcriptional pathways. M6ATAR00546 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 9 (ADAMTS9) ADAM-TS 9; ADAM-TS9; ADAMTS-9 ATS9_HUMAN hsa:56999 HGNC:13202 . ENSG00000163638 56999 ADAMTS9 Protein coding 3p14.1 MQFVSWATLLTLLVRDLAEMGSPDAAAAVRKDRLHPRQVKLLETLSEYEIVSPIRVNALGEPFPTNVHFKRTRRSINSATDPWPAFASSSSSSTSSQAHYRLSAFGQQFLFNLTANAGFIAPLFTVTLLGTPGVNQTKFYSEEEAELKHCFYKGYVNTNSEHTAVISLCSGMLGTFRSHDGDYFIEPLQSMDEQEDEEEQNKPHIIYRRSAPQREPSTGRHACDTSEHKNRHSKDKKKTRARKWGERINLAGDVAALNSGLATEAFSAYGNKTDNTREKRTHRRTKRFLSYPRFVEVLVVADNRMVSYHGENLQHYILTLMSIVASIYKDPSIGNLINIVIVNLIVIHNEQDGPSISFNAQTTLKNFCQWQHSKNSPGGIHHDTAVLLTRQDICRAHDKCDTLGLAELGTICDPYRSCSISEDSGLSTAFTIAHELGHVFNMPHDDNNKCKEEGVKSPQHVMAPTLNFYTNPWMWSKCSRKYITEFLDTGYGECLLNEPESRPYPLPVQLPGILYNVNKQCELIFGPGSQVCPYMMQCRRLWCNNVNGVHKGCRTQHTPWADGTECEPGKHCKYGFCVPKEMDVPVTDGSWGSWSPFGTCSRTCGGGIKTAIRECNRPEPKNGGKYCVGRRMKFKSCNTEPCLKQKRDFRDEQCAHFDGKHFNINGLLPNVRWVPKYSGILMKDRCKLFCRVAGNTAYYQLRDRVIDGTPCGQDTNDICVQGLCRQAGCDHVLNSKARRDKCGVCGGDNSSCKTVAGTFNTVHYGYNTVVRIPAGATNIDVRQHSFSGETDDDNYLALSSSKGEFLLNGNFVVTMAKREIRIGNAVVEYSGSETAVERINSTDRIEQELLLQVLSVGKLYNPDVRYSFNIPIEDKPQQFYWNSHGPWQACSKPCQGERKRKLVCTRESDQLTVSDQRCDRLPQPGHITEPCGTDCDLRWHVASRSECSAQCGLGYRTLDIYCAKYSRLDGKTEKVDDGFCSSHPKPSNREKCSGECNTGGWRYSAWTECSKSCDGGTQRRRAICVNTRNDVLDDSKCTHQEKVTIQRCSEFPCPQWKSGDWSECLVTCGKGHKHRQVWCQFGEDRLNDRMCDPETKPTSMQTCQQPECASWQAGPWGQCSVTCGQGYQLRAVKCIIGTYMSVVDDNDCNAATRPTDTQDCELPSCHPPPAAPETRRSTYSAPRTQWRFGSWTPCSATCGKGTRMRYVSCRDENGSVADESACATLPRPVAKEECSVTPCGQWKALDWSSCSVTCGQGRATRQVMCVNYSDHVIDRSECDQDYIPETDQDCSMSPCPQRTPDSGLAQHPFQNEDYRPRSASPSRTHVLGGNQWRTGPWGACSSTCAGGSQRRVVVCQDENGYTANDCVERIKPDEQRACESGPCPQWAYGNWGECTKLCGGGIRTRLVVCQRSNGERFPDLSCEILDKPPDREQCNTHACPHDAAWSTGPWSSCSVSCGRGHKQRNVYCMAKDGSHLESDYCKHLAKPHGHRKCRGGRCPKWKAGAWSQCSVSCGRGVQQRHVGCQIGTHKIARETECNPYTRPESERDCQGPRCPLYTWRAEEWQECTKTCGEGSRYRKVVCVDDNKNEVHGARCDVSKRPVDRESCSLQPCEYVWITGEWSECSVTCGKGYKQRLVSCSEIYTGKENYEYSYQTTINCPGTQPPSVHPCYLRDCPVSATWRVGNWGSCSVSCGVGVMQRSVQCLTNEDQPSHLCHTDLKPEERKTCRNVYNCELPQNCKEVKRLKGASEDGEYFLMIRGKLLKIFCAGMHSDHPKEYVTLVHGDSENFSEVYGHRLHNPTECPYNGSRRDDCQCRKDYTAAGFSSFQKIRIDLTSMQIITTDLQFARTSEGHPVPFATAGDCYSAAKCPQGRFSINLYGTGLSLTESARWISQGNYAVSDIKKSPDGTRVVGKCGGYCGKCTPSSGTGLEVRVL . Cleaves the large aggregating proteoglycans, aggrecan (at the '1838-Glu-|-Ala-1839' site) and versican (at the '1428-Glu-|-Ala-1429' site). Has a protease-independent function in promoting the transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus of a variety of secretory cargos. M6ATAR00701 Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) Abnormal spindle protein homolog; Asp homolog ASPM_HUMAN hsa:259266 HGNC:19048 . ENSG00000066279 259266 ASPM Protein coding 1q31.3 MANRRVGRGCWEVSPTERRPPAGLRGPAAEEEASSPPVLSLSHFCRSPFLCFGDVLLGASRTLSLALDNPNEEVAEVKISHFPAADLGFSVSQRCFVLQPKEKIVISVNWTPLKEGRVREIMTFLVNDVLKHQAILLGNAEEQKKKKRSLWDTIKKKKISASTSHNRRVSNIQNVNKTFSVSQKVDRVRSPLQACENLAMNEGGPPTENNSLILEENKIPISPISPAFNECHGATCLPLSVRRSTTYSSLHASENRELLNVHSANVSKVSFNEKAVTETSFNSVNVNGQRGENSKLSLTPNCSSTLNITQSQIHFLSPDSFVNNSHGANNELELVTCLSSDMFMKDNSQPVHLESTIAHEIYQKILSPDSFIKDNYGLNQDLESESVNPILSPNQFLKDNMAYMCTSQQTCKVPLSNENSQVPQSPEDWRKSEVSPRIPECQGSKSPKAIFEELVEMKSNYYSFIKQNNPKFSAVQDISSHSHNKQPKRRPILSATVTKRKATCTRENQTEINKPKAKRCLNSAVGEHEKVINNQKEKEDFHSYLPIIDPILSKSKSYKNEVTPSSTTASVARKRKSDGSMEDANVRVAITEHTEVREIKRIHFSPSEPKTSAVKKTKNVTTPISKRISNREKLNLKKKTDLSIFRTPISKTNKRTKPIIAVAQSSLTFIKPLKTDIPRHPMPFAAKNMFYDERWKEKQEQGFTWWLNFILTPDDFTVKTNISEVNAATLLLGIENQHKISVPRAPTKEEMSLRAYTARCRLNRLRRAACRLFTSEKMVKAIKKLEIEIEARRLIVRKDRHLWKDVGERQKVLNWLLSYNPLWLRIGLETTYGELISLEDNSDVTGLAMFILNRLLWNPDIAAEYRHPTVPHLYRDGHEEALSKFTLKKLLLLVCFLDYAKISRLIDHDPCLFCKDAEFKASKEILLAFSRDFLSGEGDLSRHLGLLGLPVNHVQTPFDEFDFAVTNLAVDLQCGVRLVRTMELLTQNWDLSKKLRIPAISRLQKMHNVDIVLQVLKSRGIELSDEHGNTILSKDIVDRHREKTLRLLWKIAFAFQVDISLNLDQLKEEIAFLKHTKSIKKTISLLSCHSDDLINKKKGKRDSGSFEQYSENIKLLMDWVNAVCAFYNKKVENFTVSFSDGRVLCYLIHHYHPCYVPFDAICQRTTQTVECTQTGSVVLNSSSESDDSSLDMSLKAFDHENTSELYKELLENEKKNFHLVRSAVRDLGGIPAMINHSDMSNTIPDEKVVITYLSFLCARLLDLRKEIRAARLIQTTWRKYKLKTDLKRHQEREKAARIIQLAVINFLAKQRLRKRVNAALVIQKYWRRVLAQRKLLMLKKEKLEKVQNKAASLIQGYWRRYSTRQRFLKLKYYSIILQSRIRMIIAVTSYKRYLWATVTIQRHWRAYLRRKQDQQRYEMLKSSTLIIQSMFRKWKQRKMQSQVKATVILQRAFREWHLRKQAKEENSAIIIQSWYRMHKELRKYIYIRSCVVIIQKRFRCFQAQKLYKRRKESILTIQKYYKAYLKGKIERTNYLQKRAAAIQLQAAFRRLKAHNLCRQIRAACVIQSYWRMRQDRVRFLNLKKTIIKFQAHVRKHQQRQKYKKMKKAAVIIQTHFRAYIFAMKVLASYQKTRSAVIVLQSAYRGMQARKMYIHILTSVIKIQSYYRAYVSKKEFLSLKNATIKLQSTVKMKQTRKQYLHLRAAALFIQQCYRSKKIAAQKREEYMQMRESCIKLQAFVRGYLVRKQMRLQRKAVISLQSYFRMRKARQYYLKMYKAIIVIQNYYHAYKAQVNQRKNFLQVKKAATCLQAAYRGYKVRQLIKQQSIAALKIQSAFRGYNKRVKYQSVLQSIIKIQRWYRAYKTLHDTRTHFLKTKAAVISLQSAYRGWKVRKQIRREHQAALKIQSAFRMAKAQKQFRLFKTAALVIQQNFRAWTAGRKQCMEYIELRHAVLVLQSMWKGKTLRRQLQRQHKCAIIIQSYYRMHVQQKKWKIMKKAALLIQKYYRAYSIGREQNHLYLKTKAAVVTLQSAYRGMKVRKRIKDCNKAAVTIQSKYRAYKTKKKYATYRASAIIIQRWYRGIKITNHQHKEYLNLKKTAIKIQSVYRGIRVRRHIQHMHRAATFIKAMFKMHQSRISYHTMRKAAIVIQVRCRAYYQGKMQREKYLTILKAVKVLQASFRGVRVRRTLRKMQTAATLIQSNYRRYRQQTYFNKLKKITKTVQQRYWAMKERNIQFQRYNKLRHSVIYIQAIFRGKKARRHLKMMHIAATLIQRRFRTLMMRRRFLSLKKTAILIQRKYRAHLCTKHHLQFLQVQNAVIKIQSSYRRWMIRKRMREMHRAATFIQSTFRMHRLHMRYQALKQASVVIQQQYQANRAAKLQRQHYLRQRHSAVILQAAFRGMKTRRHLKSMHSSATLIQSRFRSLLVRRRFISLKKATIFVQRKYRATICAKHKLYQFLHLRKAAITIQSSYRRLMVKKKLQEMQRAAVLIQATFRMYRTYITFQTWKHASILIQQHYRTYRAAKLQRENYIRQWHSAVVIQAAYKGMKARQLLREKHKASIVIQSTYRMYRQYCFYQKLQWATKIIQEKYRANKKKQKVFQHNELKKETCVQAGFQDMNIKKQIQEQHQAAIIIQKHCKAFKIRKHYLHLRATVVSIQRRYRKLTAVRTQAVICIQSYYRGFKVRKDIQNMHRAATLIQSFYRMHRAKVDYETKKTAIVVIQNYYRLYVRVKTERKNFLAVQKSVRTIQAAFRGMKVRQKLKNVSEEKMAAIVNQSALCCYRSKTQYEAVQSEGVMIQEWYKASGLACSQEAEYHSQSRAAVTIQKAFCRMVTRKLETQKCAALRIQFFLQMAVYRRRFVQQKRAAITLQHYFRTWQTRKQFLLYRKAAVVLQNHYRAFLSAKHQRQVYLQIRSSVIIIQARSKGFIQKRKFQEIKNSTIKIQAMWRRYRAKKYLCKVKAACKIQAWYRCWRAHKEYLAILKAVKIIQGCFYTKLERTRFLNVRASAIIIQRKWRAILPAKIAHEHFLMIKRHRAACLIQAHYRGYKGRQVFLRQKSAALIIQKYIRAREAGKHERIKYIEFKKSTVILQALVRGWLVRKRFLEQRAKIRLLHFTAAAYYHLNAVRIQRAYKLYLAVKNANKQVNSVICIQRWFRARLQEKRFIQKYHSIKKIEHEGQECLSQRNRAASVIQKAVRHFLLRKKQEKFTSGIIKIQALWRGYSWRKKNDCTKIKAIRLSLQVVNREIREENKLYKRTALALHYLLTYKHLSAILEALKHLEVVTRLSPLCCENMAQSGAISKIFVLIRSCNRSIPCMEVIRYAVQVLLNVSKYEKTTSAVYDVENCIDILLELLQIYREKPGNKVADKGGSIFTKTCCLLAILLKTTNRASDVRSRSKVVDRIYSLYKLTAHKHKMNTERILYKQKKNSSISIPFIPETPVRTRIVSRLKPDWVLRRDNMEEITNPLQAIQMVMDTLGIPY . Involved in mitotic spindle regulation and coordination of mitotic processes. The function in regulating microtubule dynamics at spindle poles including spindle orientation, astral microtubule density and poleward microtubule flux seems to depend on the association with the katanin complex formed by KATNA1 and KATNB1. Enhances the microtubule lattice severing activity of KATNA1 by recruiting the katanin complex to microtubules. Can block microtubule minus-end growth and reversely this function can be enhanced by the katanin complex. May have a preferential role in regulating neurogenesis. M6ATAR00685 AC008440.5 (AC008) . . . . . . . AC008 LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00794 AC010894.3 . . . HGNC:55827 . ENSG00000226853 105373748 AC010894.3 LncRNA 2q31.1 . . . M6ATAR00101 ACAP2 intronic transcript 1 (ACAP2-IT1) ACAP2-IT1; ACAP2 intronic transcript 1 (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:41426 . ENSG00000229325 100874306 ACAP2-IT1 LncRNA 3q29 . Intronic transcripts . M6ATAR00104 ACBD3 antisense RNA 1 (ACBD3-AS1) ACBD3-AS1; RP11-275I14.4 . . HGNC:40701 . ENSG00000234478 107985353 ACBD3-AS1 LncRNA 1q42.12 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00168 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1/ACACA) ACC1; Acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase alpha; ACC-alpha; ACAC; ACC1; ACCA ACACA_HUMAN hsa:31 HGNC:84 . ENSG00000275176; ENSG00000278540 31 ACACA Protein coding 17q12 MDEPSPLAQPLELNQHSRFIIGSVSEDNSEDEISNLVKLDLLEEKEGSLSPASVGSDTLSDLGISSLQDGLALHIRSSMSGLHLVKQGRDRKKIDSQRDFTVASPAEFVTRFGGNKVIEKVLIANNGIAAVKCMRSIRRWSYEMFRNERAIRFVVMVTPEDLKANAEYIKMADHYVPVPGGPNNNNYANVELILDIAKRIPVQAVWAGWGHASENPKLPELLLKNGIAFMGPPSQAMWALGDKIASSIVAQTAGIPTLPWSGSGLRVDWQENDFSKRILNVPQELYEKGYVKDVDDGLQAAEEVGYPVMIKASEGGGGKGIRKVNNADDFPNLFRQVQAEVPGSPIFVMRLAKQSRHLEVQILADQYGNAISLFGRDCSVQRRHQKIIEEAPATIATPAVFEHMEQCAVKLAKMVGYVSAGTVEYLYSQDGSFYFLELNPRLQVEHPCTEMVADVNLPAAQLQIAMGIPLYRIKDIRMMYGVSPWGDSPIDFEDSAHVPCPRGHVIAARITSENPDEGFKPSSGTVQELNFRSNKNVWGYFSVAAAGGLHEFADSQFGHCFSWGENREEAISNMVVALKELSIRGDFRTTVEYLIKLLETESFQMNRIDTGWLDRLIAEKVQAERPDTMLGVVCGALHVADVSLRNSVSNFLHSLERGQVLPAHTLLNTVDVELIYEGVKYVLKVTRQSPNSYVVIMNGSCVEVDVHRLSDGGLLLSYDGSSYTTYMKEEVDRYRITIGNKTCVFEKENDPSVMRSPSAGKLIQYIVEDGGHVFAGQCYAEIEVMKMVMTLTAVESGCIHYVKRPGAALDPGCVLAKMQLDNPSKVQQAELHTGSLPRIQSTALRGEKLHRVFHYVLDNLVNVMNGYCLPDPFFSSKVKDWVERLMKTLRDPSLPLLELQDIMTSVSGRIPPNVEKSIKKEMAQYASNITSVLCQFPSQQIANILDSHAATLNRKSEREVFFMNTQSIVQLVQRYRSGIRGHMKAVVMDLLRQYLRVETQFQNGHYDKCVFALREENKSDMNTVLNYIFSHAQVTKKNLLVTMLIDQLCGRDPTLTDELLNILTELTQLSKTTNAKVALRARQVLIASHLPSYELRHNQVESIFLSAIDMYGHQFCIENLQKLILSETSIFDVLPNFFYHSNQVVRMAALEVYVRRAYIAYELNSVQHRQLKDNTCVVEFQFMLPTSHPNRGNIPTLNRMSFSSNLNHYGMTHVASVSDVLLDNSFTPPCQRMGGMVSFRTFEDFVRIFDEVMGCFSDSPPQSPTFPEAGHTSLYDEDKVPRDEPIHILNVAIKTDCDIEDDRLAAMFREFTQQNKATLVDHGIRRLTFLVAQKDFRKQVNYEVDRRFHREFPKFFTFRARDKFEEDRIYRHLEPALAFQLELNRMRNFDLTAIPCANHKMHLYLGAAKVEVGTEVTDYRFFVRAIIRHSDLVTKEASFEYLQNEGERLLLEAMDELEVAFNNTNVRTDCNHIFLNFVPTVIMDPSKIEESVRSMVMRYGSRLWKLRVLQAELKINIRLTPTGKAIPIRLFLTNESGYYLDISLYKEVTDSRTAQIMFQAYGDKQGPLHGMLINTPYVTKDLLQSKRFQAQSLGTTYIYDIPEMFRQSLIKLWESMSTQAFLPSPPLPSDMLTYTELVLDDQGQLVHMNRLPGGNEIGMVAWKMTFKSPEYPEGRDIIVIGNDITYRIGSFGPQEDLLFLRASELARAEGIPRIYVSANSGARIGLAEEIRHMFHVAWVDPEDPYKGYRYLYLTPQDYKRVSALNSVHCEHVEDEGESRYKITDIIGKEEGIGPENLRGSGMIAGESSLAYNEIITISLVTCRAIGIGAYLVRLGQRTIQVENSHLILTGAGALNKVLGREVYTSNNQLGGIQIMHNNGVTHCTVCDDFEGVFTVLHWLSYMPKSVHSSVPLLNSKDPIDRIIEFVPTKTPYDPRWMLAGRPHPTQKGQWLSGFFDYGSFSEIMQPWAQTVVVGRARLGGIPVGVVAVETRTVELSIPADPANLDSEAKIIQQAGQVWFPDSAFKTYQAIKDFNREGLPLMVFANWRGFSGGMKDMYDQVLKFGAYIVDGLRECCQPVLVYIPPQAELRGGSWVVIDSSINPRHMEMYADRESRGSVLEPEGTVEIKFRRKDLVKTMRRVDPVYIHLAERLGTPELSTAERKELENKLKEREEFLIPIYHQVAVQFADLHDTPGRMQEKGVISDILDWKTSRTFFYWRLRRLLLEDLVKKKIHNANPELTDGQIQAMLRRWFVEVEGTVKAYVWDNNKDLAEWLEKQLTEEDGVHSVIEENIKCISRDYVLKQIRSLVQANPEVAMDSIIHMTQHISPTQRAEVIRILSTMDSPST . Cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, the first and rate-limiting step of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. This is a 2 steps reaction starting with the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin carried by the biotin carboxyl carrier (BCC) domain followed by the transfer of the carboxyl group from carboxylated biotin to acetyl-CoA. M6ATAR00170 Actin, aortic smooth muscle (ACTA2) Alpha-actin-2; Cell growth-inhibiting gene 46 protein; ACTSA; ACTVS; GIG46 ACTA_HUMAN hsa:59 HGNC:130 . ENSG00000107796 59 ACTA2 Protein coding 10q23.31 MCEEEDSTALVCDNGSGLCKAGFAGDDAPRAVFPSIVGRPRHQGVMVGMGQKDSYVGDEAQSKRGILTLKYPIEHGIITNWDDMEKIWHHSFYNELRVAPEEHPTLLTEAPLNPKANREKMTQIMFETFNVPAMYVAIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVLDSGDGVTHNVPIYEGYALPHAIMRLDLAGRDLTDYLMKILTERGYSFVTTAEREIVRDIKEKLCYVALDFENEMATAASSSSLEKSYELPDGQVITIGNERFRCPETLFQPSFIGMESAGIHETTYNSIMKCDIDIRKDLYANNVLSGGTTMYPGIADRMQKEITALAPSTMKIKIIAPPERKYSVWIGGSILASLSTFQQMWISKQEYDEAGPSIVHRKCF actin family Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. M6ATAR00750 Adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC) Protein APC; Deleted in polyposis 2.5 APC_HUMAN hsa:324 HGNC:583 . ENSG00000134982 324 APC Protein coding 5q22.2 MAAASYDQLLKQVEALKMENSNLRQELEDNSNHLTKLETEASNMKEVLKQLQGSIEDEAMASSGQIDLLERLKELNLDSSNFPGVKLRSKMSLRSYGSREGSVSSRSGECSPVPMGSFPRRGFVNGSRESTGYLEELEKERSLLLADLDKEEKEKDWYYAQLQNLTKRIDSLPLTENFSLQTDMTRRQLEYEARQIRVAMEEQLGTCQDMEKRAQRRIARIQQIEKDILRIRQLLQSQATEAERSSQNKHETGSHDAERQNEGQGVGEINMATSGNGQGSTTRMDHETASVLSSSSTHSAPRRLTSHLGTKVEMVYSLLSMLGTHDKDDMSRTLLAMSSSQDSCISMRQSGCLPLLIQLLHGNDKDSVLLGNSRGSKEARARASAALHNIIHSQPDDKRGRREIRVLHLLEQIRAYCETCWEWQEAHEPGMDQDKNPMPAPVEHQICPAVCVLMKLSFDEEHRHAMNELGGLQAIAELLQVDCEMYGLTNDHYSITLRRYAGMALTNLTFGDVANKATLCSMKGCMRALVAQLKSESEDLQQVIASVLRNLSWRADVNSKKTLREVGSVKALMECALEVKKESTLKSVLSALWNLSAHCTENKADICAVDGALAFLVGTLTYRSQTNTLAIIESGGGILRNVSSLIATNEDHRQILRENNCLQTLLQHLKSHSLTIVSNACGTLWNLSARNPKDQEALWDMGAVSMLKNLIHSKHKMIAMGSAAALRNLMANRPAKYKDANIMSPGSSLPSLHVRKQKALEAELDAQHLSETFDNIDNLSPKASHRSKQRHKQSLYGDYVFDTNRHDDNRSDNFNTGNMTVLSPYLNTTVLPSSSSSRGSLDSSRSEKDRSLERERGIGLGNYHPATENPGTSSKRGLQISTTAAQIAKVMEEVSAIHTSQEDRSSGSTTELHCVTDERNALRRSSAAHTHSNTYNFTKSENSNRTCSMPYAKLEYKRSSNDSLNSVSSSDGYGKRGQMKPSIESYSEDDESKFCSYGQYPADLAHKIHSANHMDDNDGELDTPINYSLKYSDEQLNSGRQSPSQNERWARPKHIIEDEIKQSEQRQSRNQSTTYPVYTESTDDKHLKFQPHFGQQECVSPYRSRGANGSETNRVGSNHGINQNVSQSLCQEDDYEDDKPTNYSERYSEEEQHEEEERPTNYSIKYNEEKRHVDQPIDYSLKYATDIPSSQKQSFSFSKSSSGQSSKTEHMSSSSENTSTPSSNAKRQNQLHPSSAQSRSGQPQKAATCKVSSINQETIQTYCVEDTPICFSRCSSLSSLSSAEDEIGCNQTTQEADSANTLQIAEIKEKIGTRSAEDPVSEVPAVSQHPRTKSSRLQGSSLSSESARHKAVEFSSGAKSPSKSGAQTPKSPPEHYVQETPLMFSRCTSVSSLDSFESRSIASSVQSEPCSGMVSGIISPSDLPDSPGQTMPPSRSKTPPPPPQTAQTKREVPKNKAPTAEKRESGPKQAAVNAAVQRVQVLPDADTLLHFATESTPDGFSCSSSLSALSLDEPFIQKDVELRIMPPVQENDNGNETESEQPKESNENQEKEAEKTIDSEKDLLDDSDDDDIEILEECIISAMPTKSSRKAKKPAQTASKLPPPVARKPSQLPVYKLLPSQNRLQPQKHVSFTPGDDMPRVYCVEGTPINFSTATSLSDLTIESPPNELAAGEGVRGGAQSGEFEKRDTIPTEGRSTDEAQGGKTSSVTIPELDDNKAEEGDILAECINSAMPKGKSHKPFRVKKIMDQVQQASASSSAPNKNQLDGKKKKPTSPVKPIPQNTEYRTRVRKNADSKNNLNAERVFSDNKDSKKQNLKNNSKVFNDKLPNNEDRVRGSFAFDSPHHYTPIEGTPYCFSRNDSLSSLDFDDDDVDLSREKAELRKAKENKESEAKVTSHTELTSNQQSANKTQAIAKQPINRGQPKPILQKQSTFPQSSKDIPDRGAATDEKLQNFAIENTPVCFSHNSSLSSLSDIDQENNNKENEPIKETEPPDSQGEPSKPQASGYAPKSFHVEDTPVCFSRNSSLSSLSIDSEDDLLQECISSAMPKKKKPSRLKGDNEKHSPRNMGGILGEDLTLDLKDIQRPDSEHGLSPDSENFDWKAIQEGANSIVSSLHQAAAAACLSRQASSDSDSILSLKSGISLGSPFHLTPDQEEKPFTSNKGPRILKPGEKSTLETKKIESESKGIKGGKKVYKSLITGKVRSNSEISGQMKQPLQANMPSISRGRTMIHIPGVRNSSSSTSPVSKKGPPLKTPASKSPSEGQTATTSPRGAKPSVKSELSPVARQTSQIGGSSKAPSRSGSRDSTPSRPAQQPLSRPIQSPGRNSISPGRNGISPPNKLSQLPRTSSPSTASTKSSGSGKMSYTSPGRQMSQQNLTKQTGLSKNASSIPRSESASKGLNQMNNGNGANKKVELSRMSSTKSSGSESDRSERPVLVRQSTFIKEAPSPTLRRKLEESASFESLSPSSRPASPTRSQAQTPVLSPSLPDMSLSTHSSVQAGGWRKLPPNLSPTIEYNDGRPAKRHDIARSHSESPSRLPINRSGTWKREHSKHSSSLPRVSTWRRTGSSSSILSASSESSEKAKSEDEKHVNSISGTKQSKENQVSAKGTWRKIKENEFSPTNSTSQTVSSGATNGAESKTLIYQMAPAVSKTEDVWVRIEDCPINNPRSGRSPTGNTPPVIDSVSEKANPNIKDSKDNQAKQNVGNGSVPMRTVGLENRLNSFIQVDAPDQKGTEIKPGQNNPVPVSETNESSIVERTPFSSSSSSKHSSPSGTVAARVTPFNYNPSPRKSSADSTSARPSQIPTPVNNNTKKRDSKTDSTESSGTQSPKRHSGSYLVTSV Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) family Tumor suppressor. Promotes rapid degradation of CTNNB1 and participates in Wnt signaling as a negative regulator. APC activity is correlated with its phosphorylation state. Activates the GEF activity of SPATA13 and ARHGEF4. Plays a role in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced cell migration. Required for MMP9 up-regulation via the JNK signaling pathway in colorectal tumor cells. Acts as a mediator of ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. It is required for the localization of MACF1 to the cell membrane and this localization of MACF1 is critical for its function in microtubule stabilization. M6ATAR00275 Adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase HINT2 (HINT2) HINT-3; HIT-17kDa; Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 2, mitochondrial; HINT-2; PKCI-1-related HIT protein HINT2_HUMAN hsa:84681 HGNC:18344 . ENSG00000137133 84681 HINT2 Protein coding 9p13.3 MAAAVVLAAGLRAARRAVAATGVRGGQVRGAAGVTDGNEVAKAQQATPGGAAPTIFSRILDKSLPADILYEDQQCLVFRDVAPQAPVHFLVIPKKPIPRISQAEEEDQQLLGHLLLVAKQTAKAEGLGDGYRLVINDGKLGAQSVYHLHIHVLGGRQLQWPPG HINT family Exhibits adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase activity, hydrolyzing purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group such as adenosine 5'monophosphoramidate (AMP-NH2) to yield AMP and NH2. Hydrolyzes adenosine 5'-O-p-nitrophenylphosphoramidate (AMP-pNA). Hydrolyzes fluorogenic purine nucleoside tryptamine phosphoramidates in vitro. May be involved in steroid biosynthesis. May play a role in apoptosis. M6ATAR00303 Adenylate kinase 4, mitochondrial (AK4) AK 4; Adenylate kinase 3-like; GTP:AMP phosphotransferase AK4; AK3; AK3L1 KAD4_HUMAN hsa:205 HGNC:363 . ENSG00000162433 205 AK4 Protein coding 1p31.3 MASKLLRAVILGPPGSGKGTVCQRIAQNFGLQHLSSGHFLRENIKASTEVGEMAKQYIEKSLLVPDHVITRLMMSELENRRGQHWLLDGFPRTLGQAEALDKICEVDLVISLNIPFETLKDRLSRRWIHPPSGRVYNLDFNPPHVHGIDDVTGEPLVQQEDDKPEAVAARLRQYKDVAKPVIELYKSRGVLHQFSGTETNKIWPYVYTLFSNKITPIQSKEAY adenylate kinase family; AK3 subfamily Involved in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular nucleotides by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates. Efficiently phosphorylates AMP and dAMP using ATP as phosphate donor, but phosphorylates only AMP when using GTP as phosphate donor. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity. Plays a role in controlling cellular ATP levels by regulating phosphorylation and activation of the energy sensor protein kinase AMPK. Plays a protective role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. M6ATAR00539 ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5B (ARL5B) ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 8 ARL5B_HUMAN hsa:221079 HGNC:23052 . ENSG00000165997 221079 ARL5B Protein coding 10p12.31 MGLIFAKLWSLFCNQEHKVIIVGLDNAGKTTILYQFLMNEVVHTSPTIGSNVEEIVVKNTHFLMWDIGGQESLRSSWNTYYSNTEFIILVVDSIDRERLAITKEELYRMLAHEDLRKAAVLIFANKQDMKGCMTAAEISKYLTLSSIKDHPWHIQSCCALTGEGLCQGLEWMTSRIGVR Small GTPase superfamily, Arf family Binds and exchanges GTP and GDP. M6ATAR00172 AF4/FMR2 family member 4 (AFF4) ALL1-fused gene from chromosome 5q31 protein; Protein AF-5q31; Major CDK9 elongation factor-associated protein; AF5Q31; MCEF; HSPC092 AFF4_HUMAN hsa:27125 HGNC:17869 . ENSG00000072364 27125 AFF4 Protein coding 5q31.1 MNREDRNVLRMKERERRNQEIQQGEDAFPPSSPLFAEPYKVTSKEDKLSSRIQSMLGNYDEMKDFIGDRSIPKLVAIPKPTVPPSADEKSNPNFFEQRHGGSHQSSKWTPVGPAPSTSQSQKRSSGLQSGHSSQRTSAGSSSGTNSSGQRHDRESYNNSGSSSRKKGQHGSEHSKSRSSSPGKPQAVSSLNSSHSRSHGNDHHSKEHQRSKSPRDPDANWDSPSRVPFSSGQHSTQSFPPSLMSKSNSMLQKPTAYVRPMDGQESMEPKLSSEHYSSQSHGNSMTELKPSSKAHLTKLKIPSQPLDASASGDVSCVDEILKEMTHSWPPPLTAIHTPCKTEPSKFPFPTKESQQSNFGTGEQKRYNPSKTSNGHQSKSMLKDDLKLSSSEDSDGEQDCDKTMPRSTPGSNSEPSHHNSEGADNSRDDSSSHSGSESSSGSDSESESSSSDSEANEPSQSASPEPEPPPTNKWQLDNWLNKVNPHKVSPASSVDSNIPSSQGYKKEGREQGTGNSYTDTSGPKETSSATPGRDSKTIQKGSESGRGRQKSPAQSDSTTQRRTVGKKQPKKAEKAAAEEPRGGLKIESETPVDLASSMPSSRHKAATKGSRKPNIKKESKSSPRPTAEKKKYKSTSKSSQKSREIIETDTSSSDSDESESLPPSSQTPKYPESNRTPVKPSSVEEEDSFFRQRMFSPMEEKELLSPLSEPDDRYPLIVKIDLNLLTRIPGKPYKETEPPKGEKKNVPEKHTREAQKQASEKVSNKGKRKHKNEDDNRASESKKPKTEDKNSAGHKPSSNRESSKQSAAKEKDLLPSPAGPVPSKDPKTEHGSRKRTISQSSSLKSSSNSNKETSGSSKNSSSTSKQKKTEGKTSSSSKEVKEKAPSSSSNCPPSAPTLDSSKPRRTKLVFDDRNYSADHYLQEAKKLKHNADALSDRFEKAVYYLDAVVSFIECGNALEKNAQESKSPFPMYSETVDLIKYTMKLKNYLAPDATAADKRLTVLCLRCESLLYLRLFKLKKENALKYSKTLTEHLKNSYNNSQAPSPGLGSKAVGMPSPVSPKLSPGNSGNYSSGASSASASGSSVTIPQKIHQMAASYVQVTSNFLYATEIWDQAEQLSKEQKEFFAELDKVMGPLIFNASIMTDLVRYTRQGLHWLRQDAKLIS AF4 family Key component of the super elongation complex (SEC), a complex required to increase the catalytic rate of RNA polymerase II transcription by suppressing transient pausing by the polymerase at multiple sites along the DNA. In the SEC complex, AFF4 acts as a central scaffold that recruits other factors through direct interactions with ELL proteins (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3) and the P-TEFb complex. In case of infection by HIV-1 virus, the SEC complex is recruited by the viral Tat protein to stimulate viral gene expression. M6ATAR00177 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) 3-deoxyglucosone dehydrogenase; ALDH-E1; ALHDII; Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1; Aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic; Retinal dehydrogenase 1; RALDH 1; RalDH1; ALDC; ALDH1; PUMB1 AL1A1_HUMAN hsa:216 HGNC:402 . ENSG00000165092 216 ALDH1A1 Protein coding 9q21.13 MSSSGTPDLPVLLTDLKIQYTKIFINNEWHDSVSGKKFPVFNPATEEELCQVEEGDKEDVDKAVKAARQAFQIGSPWRTMDASERGRLLYKLADLIERDRLLLATMESMNGGKLYSNAYLNDLAGCIKTLRYCAGWADKIQGRTIPIDGNFFTYTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLVMLIWKIGPALSCGNTVVVKPAEQTPLTALHVASLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGYGPTAGAAISSHMDIDKVAFTGSTEVGKLIKEAAGKSNLKRVTLELGGKSPCIVLADADLDNAVEFAHHGVFYHQGQCCIAASRIFVEESIYDEFVRRSVERAKKYILGNPLTPGVTQGPQIDKEQYDKILDLIESGKKEGAKLECGGGPWGNKGYFVQPTVFSNVTDEMRIAKEEIFGPVQQIMKFKSLDDVIKRANNTFYGLSAGVFTKDIDKAITISSALQAGTVWVNCYGVVSAQCPFGGFKMSGNGRELGEYGFHEYTEVKTVTVKISQKNS aldehyde dehydrogenase family Cytosolic dehydrogenase that catalyzes the irreversible oxidation of a wide range of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acid. Functions downstream of retinol dehydrogenases and catalyzes the oxidation of retinaldehyde into retinoic acid, the second step in the oxidation of retinol/vitamin A into retinoic acid (By similarity). This pathway is crucial to control the levels of retinol and retinoic acid, two important molecules which excess can be teratogenic and cytotoxic (By similarity). Also oxidizes aldehydes resulting from lipid peroxidation like (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal/HNE, malonaldehyde and hexanal that form protein adducts and are highly cytotoxic. By participating for instance to the clearance of (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal/HNE in the lens epithelium prevents the formation of HNE-protein adducts and lens opacification. Functions also downstream of fructosamine-3-kinase in the fructosamine degradation pathway by catalyzing the oxidation of 3-deoxyglucosone, the carbohydrate product of fructosamine 3-phosphate decomposition, which is itself a potent glycating agent that may react with lysine and arginine side-chains of proteins. Has also an aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase activity and is probably part of an alternative pathway for the biosynthesis of GABA/4-aminobutanoate in midbrain, thereby playing a role in GABAergic synaptic transmission (By similarity). M6ATAR00174 Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) 20-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; 20-alpha-HSD; Chlordecone reductase homolog HAKRC; Dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 1; DD1; High-affinity hepatic bile acid-binding protein; HBAB; DDH; DDH1 AK1C1_HUMAN hsa:1645 HGNC:384 . ENSG00000187134 1645 AKR1C1 Protein coding 10p15.1 MDSKYQCVKLNDGHFMPVLGFGTYAPAEVPKSKALEATKLAIEAGFRHIDSAHLYNNEEQVGLAIRSKIADGSVKREDIFYTSKLWCNSHRPELVRPALERSLKNLQLDYVDLYLIHFPVSVKPGEEVIPKDENGKILFDTVDLCATWEAVEKCKDAGLAKSIGVSNFNRRQLEMILNKPGLKYKPVCNQVECHPYFNQRKLLDFCKSKDIVLVAYSALGSHREEPWVDPNSPVLLEDPVLCALAKKHKRTPALIALRYQLQRGVVVLAKSYNEQRIRQNVQVFEFQLTSEEMKAIDGLNRNVRYLTLDIFAGPPNYPFSDEY aldo/keto reductase family Cytosolic aldo-keto reductase that catalyzes the NADH and NADPH-dependent reduction of ketosteroids to hydroxysteroids. Most probably acts as a reductase in vivo since the oxidase activity measured in vitro is inhibited by physiological concentrations of NADPH. Displays a broad positional specificity acting on positions 3, 17 and 20 of steroids and regulates the metabolism of hormones like estrogens and androgens. May also reduce conjugated steroids such as 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone sulfate. Displays affinity for bile acids. M6ATAR00520 Alpha-enolase (ENO1) 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase; C-myc promoter-binding protein; Enolase 1; MBP-1; MPB-1; Non-neural enolase; NNE; Phosphopyruvate hydratase; Plasminogen-binding protein ENOA_HUMAN hsa:2023 HGNC:3350 . ENSG00000074800 2023 ENO1 Protein coding 1p36.23 MSILKIHAREIFDSRGNPTVEVDLFTSKGLFRAAVPSGASTGIYEALELRDNDKTRYMGKGVSKAVEHINKTIAPALVSKKLNVTEQEKIDKLMIEMDGTENKSKFGANAILGVSLAVCKAGAVEKGVPLYRHIADLAGNSEVILPVPAFNVINGGSHAGNKLAMQEFMILPVGAANFREAMRIGAEVYHNLKNVIKEKYGKDATNVGDEGGFAPNILENKEGLELLKTAIGKAGYTDKVVIGMDVAASEFFRSGKYDLDFKSPDDPSRYISPDQLADLYKSFIKDYPVVSIEDPFDQDDWGAWQKFTASAGIQVVGDDLTVTNPKRIAKAVNEKSCNCLLLKVNQIGSVTESLQACKLAQANGWGVMVSHRSGETEDTFIADLVVGLCTGQIKTGAPCRSERLAKYNQLLRIEEELGSKAKFAGRNFRNPLAK Enolase family Glycolytic enzyme the catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. In addition to glycolysis, involved in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons. Stimulates immunoglobulin production. M6ATAR00163 AMPK subunit alpha-1 (AMPK/PRKAA1) AMPK subunit alpha-1; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase kinase; ACACA kinase; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase kinase; HMGCR kinase; Tau-protein kinase PRKAA1; AMPK1 AAPK1_HUMAN hsa:5562 HGNC:9376 . ENSG00000132356 5562 PRKAA1 Protein coding 5p13.1 MRRLSSWRKMATAEKQKHDGRVKIGHYILGDTLGVGTFGKVKVGKHELTGHKVAVKILNRQKIRSLDVVGKIRREIQNLKLFRHPHIIKLYQVISTPSDIFMVMEYVSGGELFDYICKNGRLDEKESRRLFQQILSGVDYCHRHMVVHRDLKPENVLLDAHMNAKIADFGLSNMMSDGEFLRTSCGSPNYAAPEVISGRLYAGPEVDIWSSGVILYALLCGTLPFDDDHVPTLFKKICDGIFYTPQYLNPSVISLLKHMLQVDPMKRATIKDIREHEWFKQDLPKYLFPEDPSYSSTMIDDEALKEVCEKFECSEEEVLSCLYNRNHQDPLAVAYHLIIDNRRIMNEAKDFYLATSPPDSFLDDHHLTRPHPERVPFLVAETPRARHTLDELNPQKSKHQGVRKAKWHLGIRSQSRPNDIMAEVCRAIKQLDYEWKVVNPYYLRVRRKNPVTSTYSKMSLQLYQVDSRTYLLDFRSIDDEITEAKSGTATPQRSGSVSNYRSCQRSDSDAEAQGKSSEVSLTSSVTSLDSSPVDLTPRPGSHTIEFFEMCANLIKILAQ protein kinase superfamily; CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family; SNF1 subfamily Catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism . In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Regulates lipid synthesis by phosphorylating and inactivating lipid metabolic enzymes such as ACACA, ACACB, GYS1, HMGCR and LIPE; regulates fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis by phosphorylating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA and ACACB) and hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE) enzymes, respectively (By similarity). Promotes lipolysis of lipid droplets by mediating phosphorylation of isoform 1 of CHKA (CHKalpha2). Regulates insulin-signaling and glycolysis by phosphorylating IRS1, PFKFB2 and PFKFB3 (By similarity). AMPK stimulates glucose uptake in muscle by increasing the translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 to the plasma membrane, possibly by mediating phosphorylation of TBC1D4/AS160 (By similarity). Regulates transcription and chromatin structure by phosphorylating transcription regulators involved in energy metabolism such as CRTC2/TORC2, FOXO3, histone H2B, HDAC5, MEF2C, MLXIPL/ChREBP, EP300, HNF4A, p53/TP53, SREBF1, SREBF2 and PPARGC1A. Acts as a key regulator of glucose homeostasis in liver by phosphorylating CRTC2/TORC2, leading to CRTC2/TORC2 sequestration in the cytoplasm (By similarity). In response to stress, phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of histone H2B (H2BS36ph), leading to promote transcription (By similarity). Acts as a key regulator of cell growth and proliferation by phosphorylating TSC2, RPTOR and ATG1/ULK1: in response to nutrient limitation, negatively regulates the mTORC1 complex by phosphorylating RPTOR component of the mTORC1 complex and by phosphorylating and activating TSC2. In response to nutrient limitation, promotes autophagy by phosphorylating and activating ATG1/ULK1. In that process also activates WDR45/WIPI4. Phosphorylates CASP6, thereby preventing its autoprocessing and subsequent activation. In response to nutrient limitation, phosphorylates transcription factor FOXO3 promoting FOXO3 mitochondrial import (By similarity). Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. AMPK also acts as a regulator of circadian rhythm by mediating phosphorylation of CRY1, leading to destabilize it (By similarity). May regulate the Wnt signaling pathway by phosphorylating CTNNB1, leading to stabilize it (By similarity). Also has tau-protein kinase activity: in response to amyloid beta A4 protein (APP) exposure, activated by CAMKK2, leading to phosphorylation of MAPT/TAU; however the relevance of such data remains unclear in vivo (By similarity). Also phosphorylates CFTR, EEF2K, KLC1, NOS3 and SLC12A1. M6ATAR00479 Androgen receptor (AR) Dihydrotestosterone receptor; Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 4; DHTR; NR3C4 ANDR_HUMAN hsa:367 HGNC:644 . ENSG00000169083 . AR Protein coding . MEVQLGLGRVYPRPPSKTYRGAFQNLFQSVREVIQNPGPRHPEAASAAPPGASLLLLQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQETSPRQQQQQQGEDGSPQAHRRGPTGYLVLDEEQQPSQPQSALECHPERGCVPEPGAAVAASKGLPQQLPAPPDEDDSAAPSTLSLLGPTFPGLSSCSADLKDILSEASTMQLLQQQQQEAVSEGSSSGRAREASGAPTSSKDNYLGGTSTISDNAKELCKAVSVSMGLGVEALEHLSPGEQLRGDCMYAPLLGVPPAVRPTPCAPLAECKGSLLDDSAGKSTEDTAEYSPFKGGYTKGLEGESLGCSGSAAAGSSGTLELPSTLSLYKSGALDEAAAYQSRDYYNFPLALAGPPPPPPPPHPHARIKLENPLDYGSAWAAAAAQCRYGDLASLHGAGAAGPGSGSPSAAASSSWHTLFTAEEGQLYGPCGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGEAGAVAPYGYTRPPQGLAGQESDFTAPDVWYPGGMVSRVPYPSPTCVKSEMGPWMDSYSGPYGDMRLETARDHVLPIDYYFPPQKTCLICGDEASGCHYGALTCGSCKVFFKRAAEGKQKYLCASRNDCTIDKFRRKNCPSCRLRKCYEAGMTLGARKLKKLGNLKLQEEGEASSTTSPTEETTQKLTVSHIEGYECQPIFLNVLEAIEPGVVCAGHDNNQPDSFAALLSSLNELGERQLVHVVKWAKALPGFRNLHVDDQMAVIQYSWMGLMVFAMGWRSFTNVNSRMLYFAPDLVFNEYRMHKSRMYSQCVRMRHLSQEFGWLQITPQEFLCMKALLLFSIIPVDGLKNQKFFDELRMNYIKELDRIIACKRKNPTSCSRRFYQLTKLLDSVQPIARELHQFTFDLLIKSHMVSVDFPEMMAEIISVQVPKILSGKVKPIYFHTQ nuclear hormone receptor family. NR3 subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins like ZBTB7A that recruits NCOR1 and NCOR2 to the androgen response elements/ARE on target genes, negatively regulating androgen receptor signaling and androgen-induced cell proliferation. Transcription activation is also down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3; [Isoform 3]: Lacks the C-terminal ligand-binding domain and may therefore constitutively activate the transcription of a specific set of genes independently of steroid hormones; [Isoform 4]: Lacks the C-terminal ligand-binding domain and may therefore constitutively activate the transcription of a specific set of genes independently of steroid hormones. M6ATAR00644 Angiopoietin-1 receptor (TEK) Endothelial tyrosine kinase; Tunica interna endothelial cell kinase; Tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domains-2; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TEK; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TIE-2; hTIE2; p140 TEK; CD202b TIE2_HUMAN hsa:7010 HGNC:11724 . ENSG00000120156 7010 TEK Protein coding 9p21.2 MDSLASLVLCGVSLLLSGTVEGAMDLILINSLPLVSDAETSLTCIASGWRPHEPITIGRDFEALMNQHQDPLEVTQDVTREWAKKVVWKREKASKINGAYFCEGRVRGEAIRIRTMKMRQQASFLPATLTMTVDKGDNVNISFKKVLIKEEDAVIYKNGSFIHSVPRHEVPDILEVHLPHAQPQDAGVYSARYIGGNLFTSAFTRLIVRRCEAQKWGPECNHLCTACMNNGVCHEDTGECICPPGFMGRTCEKACELHTFGRTCKERCSGQEGCKSYVFCLPDPYGCSCATGWKGLQCNEACHPGFYGPDCKLRCSCNNGEMCDRFQGCLCSPGWQGLQCEREGIQRMTPKIVDLPDHIEVNSGKFNPICKASGWPLPTNEEMTLVKPDGTVLHPKDFNHTDHFSVAIFTIHRILPPDSGVWVCSVNTVAGMVEKPFNISVKVLPKPLNAPNVIDTGHNFAVINISSEPYFGDGPIKSKKLLYKPVNHYEAWQHIQVTNEIVTLNYLEPRTEYELCVQLVRRGEGGEGHPGPVRRFTTASIGLPPPRGLNLLPKSQTTLNLTWQPIFPSSEDDFYVEVERRSVQKSDQQNIKVPGNLTSVLLNNLHPREQYVVRARVNTKAQGEWSEDLTAWTLSDILPPQPENIKISNITHSSAVISWTILDGYSISSITIRYKVQGKNEDQHVDVKIKNATITQYQLKGLEPETAYQVDIFAENNIGSSNPAFSHELVTLPESQAPADLGGGKMLLIAILGSAGMTCLTVLLAFLIILQLKRANVQRRMAQAFQNVREEPAVQFNSGTLALNRKVKNNPDPTIYPVLDWNDIKFQDVIGEGNFGQVLKARIKKDGLRMDAAIKRMKEYASKDDHRDFAGELEVLCKLGHHPNIINLLGACEHRGYLYLAIEYAPHGNLLDFLRKSRVLETDPAFAIANSTASTLSSQQLLHFAADVARGMDYLSQKQFIHRDLAARNILVGENYVAKIADFGLSRGQEVYVKKTMGRLPVRWMAIESLNYSVYTTNSDVWSYGVLLWEIVSLGGTPYCGMTCAELYEKLPQGYRLEKPLNCDDEVYDLMRQCWREKPYERPSFAQILVSLNRMLEERKTYVNTTLYEKFTYAGIDCSAEEAA Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Tie subfamily Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for ANGPT1, ANGPT2 and ANGPT4 and regulates angiogenesis, endothelial cell survival, proliferation, migration, adhesion and cell spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, but also maintenance of vascular quiescence. Has anti-inflammatory effects by preventing the leakage of pro-inflammatory plasma proteins and leukocytes from blood vessels. Required for normal angiogenesis and heart development during embryogenesis. Required for post-natal hematopoiesis. After birth, activates or inhibits angiogenesis, depending on the context. Inhibits angiogenesis and promotes vascular stability in quiescent vessels, where endothelial cells have tight contacts. In quiescent vessels, ANGPT1 oligomers recruit TEK to cell-cell contacts, forming complexes with TEK molecules from adjoining cells, and this leads to preferential activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the AKT1 signaling cascades. In migrating endothelial cells that lack cell-cell adhesions, ANGT1 recruits TEK to contacts with the extracellular matrix, leading to the formation of focal adhesion complexes, activation of PTK2/FAK and of the downstream kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1, and ultimately to the stimulation of sprouting angiogenesis. ANGPT1 signaling triggers receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation at specific tyrosine residues that then serve as binding sites for scaffold proteins and effectors. Signaling is modulated by ANGPT2 that has lower affinity for TEK, can promote TEK autophosphorylation in the absence of ANGPT1, but inhibits ANGPT1-mediated signaling by competing for the same binding site. Signaling is also modulated by formation of heterodimers with TIE1, and by proteolytic processing that gives rise to a soluble TEK extracellular domain. The soluble extracellular domain modulates signaling by functioning as decoy receptor for angiopoietins. TEK phosphorylates DOK2, GRB7, GRB14, PIK3R1; SHC1 and TIE1. M6ATAR00182 Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 2 (ASB2) ASB-2 ASB2_HUMAN hsa:51676 HGNC:16012 . ENSG00000100628; ENSG00000278693 51676 ASB2 Protein coding 14q32.12 MATQISTRGSQCTIGQEEYSLYSSLSEDELVQMAIEQSLADKTRGPTTAEATASACTNRQPAHFYPWTRSTAPPESSPARAPMGLFQGVMQKYSSSLFKTSQLAPADPLIKAIKDGDEEALKTMIKEGKNLAEPNKEGWLPLHEAAYYGQVGCLKVLQRAYPGTIDQRTLQEETAVYLATCRGHLDCLLSLLQAGAEPDISNKSRETPLYKACERKNAEAVKILVQHNADTNHRCNRGWTALHESVSRNDLEVMQILVSGGAKVESKNAYGITPLFVAAQSGQLEALRFLAKYGADINTQASDNASALYEACKNEHEEVVEFLLSQGADANKTNKDGLLPLHIASKKGNYRIVQMLLPVTSRTRIRRSGVSPLHLAAERNHDEVLEALLSARFDVNTPLAPERARLYEDRRSSALYFAVVNNNVYATELLLQHGADPNRDVISPLLVAIRHGCLRTMQLLLDHGANIDAYIATHPTAFPATIMFAMKCLSLLKFLMDLGCDGEPCFSCLYGNGPHPPAPQPSSRFNDAPAADKEPSVVQFCEFVSAPEVSRWAGPIIDVLLDYVGNVQLCSRLKEHIDSFEDWAVIKEKAEPPRPLAHLCRLRVRKAIGKYRIKLLDTLPLPGRLIRYLKYENTQ ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family Substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Mediates Notch-induced ubiquitination and degradation of substrates including TCF3/E2A and JAK2. Required during embryonic heart development for complete heart looping (By similarity). Required for cardiomyocyte differentiation. [Isoform 1]: Involved in myogenic differentiation and targets filamin FLNB for proteasomal degradation but not filamin FLNA. Also targets DES for proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass (By similarity). [Isoform 2]: Targets filamins FLNA and FLNB for proteasomal degradation. This leads to enhanced adhesion of hematopoietic cells to fibronectin. Required for FLNA degradation in immature cardiomyocytes which is necessary for actin cytoskeleton remodeling, leading to proper organization of myofibrils and function of mature cardiomyocytes (By similarity). Required for degradation of FLNA and FLNB in immature dendritic cells (DC) which enhances immature DC migration by promoting DC podosome formation and DC-mediated degradation of the extracellular matrix (By similarity). Does not promote proteasomal degradation of tyrosine-protein kinases JAK1 or JAK2 in hematopoietic cells . M6ATAR00660 Anterior gradient protein 2 homolog (AGR2) AG-2; hAG-2; HPC8; Secreted cement gland protein XAG-2 homolog AGR2_HUMAN hsa:10551 HGNC:328 . ENSG00000106541 10551 AGR2 Protein coding 7p21.1 MEKIPVSAFLLLVALSYTLARDTTVKPGAKKDTKDSRPKLPQTLSRGWGDQLIWTQTYEEALYKSKTSNKPLMIIHHLDECPHSQALKKVFAENKEIQKLAEQFVLLNLVYETTDKHLSPDGQYVPRIMFVDPSLTVRADITGRYSNRLYAYEPADTALLLDNMKKALKLLKTEL AGR family Required for MUC2 post-transcriptional synthesis and secretion. May play a role in the production of mucus by intestinal cells (By similarity). Proto-oncogene that may play a role in cell migration, cell differentiation and cell growth. Promotes cell adhesion. M6ATAR00582 Apolipoprotein E (APOE) Apo-E APOE_HUMAN hsa:348 HGNC:613 . ENSG00000130203 348 APOE Protein coding 19q13.32 MKVLWAALLVTFLAGCQAKVEQAVETEPEPELRQQTEWQSGQRWELALGRFWDYLRWVQTLSEQVQEELLSSQVTQELRALMDETMKELKAYKSELEEQLTPVAEETRARLSKELQAAQARLGADMEDVCGRLVQYRGEVQAMLGQSTEELRVRLASHLRKLRKRLLRDADDLQKRLAVYQAGAREGAERGLSAIRERLGPLVEQGRVRAATVGSLAGQPLQERAQAWGERLRARMEEMGSRTRDRLDEVKEQVAEVRAKLEEQAQQIRLQAEAFQARLKSWFEPLVEDMQRQWAGLVEKVQAAVGTSAAPVPSDNH Apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apoliproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) but shows a preferential binding to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It also binds a wide range of cellular receptors including the LDL receptor/LDLR, the LDL receptor-related proteins LRP1, LRP2 and LRP8 and the very low-density lipoprotein receptor/VLDLR that mediate the cellular uptake of the APOE-containing lipoprotein particles. Finally, APOE has also a heparin-binding activity and binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of cells, a property that supports the capture and the receptor-mediated uptake of APOE-containing lipoproteins by cells. A main function of APOE is to mediate lipoprotein clearance through the uptake of chylomicrons, VLDLs, and HDLs by hepatocytes. APOE is also involved in the biosynthesis by the liver of VLDLs as well as their uptake by peripheral tissues ensuring the delivery of triglycerides and energy storage in muscle, heart and adipose tissues. By participating in the lipoprotein-mediated distribution of lipids among tissues, APOE plays a critical role in plasma and tissues lipid homeostasis . APOE is also involved in two steps of reverse cholesterol transport, the HDLs-mediated transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver, and thereby plays an important role in cholesterol homeostasis. First, it is functionally associated with ABCA1 in the biogenesis of HDLs in tissues. Second, it is enriched in circulating HDLs and mediates their uptake by hepatocytes. APOE also plays an important role in lipid transport in the central nervous system, regulating neuron survival and sprouting . APOE is also involved in innate and adaptive immune responses, controlling for instance the survival of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (By similarity). Binds to the immune cell receptor LILRB4. APOE may also play a role in transcription regulation through a receptor-dependent and cholesterol-independent mechanism, that activates MAP3K12 and a non-canonical MAPK signal transduction pathway that results in enhanced AP-1-mediated transcription of APP ; (Microbial infection) Through its interaction with HCV envelope glycoprotein E2, participates in the attachment of HCV to HSPGs and other receptors (LDLr, VLDLr, and SR-B1) on the cell surface and to the assembly, maturation and infectivity of HCV viral particles . This interaction is probably promoted via the up-regulation of cellular autophagy by the virus. M6ATAR00195 Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) Bcl-2-like protein 4; Bcl2-L-4; BCL2L4 BAX_HUMAN hsa:581 HGNC:959 . ENSG00000087088 581 BAX Protein coding 19q13.33 MDGSGEQPRGGGPTSSEQIMKTGALLLQGFIQDRAGRMGGEAPELALDPVPQDASTKKLSECLKRIGDELDSNMELQRMIAAVDTDSPREVFFRVAADMFSDGNFNWGRVVALFYFASKLVLKALCTKVPELIRTIMGWTLDFLRERLLGWIQDQGGWDGLLSYFGTPTWQTVTIFVAGVLTASLTIWKKMG Bcl-2 family Plays a role in the mitochondrial apoptotic process. Under normal conditions, BAX is largely cytosolic via constant retrotranslocation from mitochondria to the cytosol mediated by BCL2L1/Bcl-xL, which avoids accumulation of toxic BAX levels at the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM). Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis . Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis. M6ATAR00196 Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) . BCL2_HUMAN hsa:596 HGNC:990 . ENSG00000171791 596 BCL2 Protein coding 18q21.33 MAHAGRTGYDNREIVMKYIHYKLSQRGYEWDAGDVGAAPPGAAPAPGIFSSQPGHTPHPAASRDPVARTSPLQTPAAPGAAAGPALSPVPPVVHLTLRQAGDDFSRRYRRDFAEMSSQLHLTPFTARGRFATVVEELFRDGVNWGRIVAFFEFGGVMCVESVNREMSPLVDNIALWMTEYLNRHLHTWIQDNGGWDAFVELYGPSMRPLFDFSWLSLKTLLSLALVGACITLGAYLGHK Bcl-2 family Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells . Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1). Also acts as an inhibitor of autophagy: interacts with BECN1 and AMBRA1 during non-starvation conditions and inhibits their autophagy function. May attenuate inflammation by impairing NLRP1-inflammasome activation, hence CASP1 activation and IL1B release. M6ATAR00083 Apoptotic BCL2L1-antisense long non-coding RNA (ABALON) ABALON; INXS; apoptotic BCL-X-associated long ncRNA; intronic BCL-XS-inducing lncRNA . . HGNC:49667 . ENSG00000281376 103021294 ABALON LncRNA 20q11.21 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00533 Apoptotic chromatin condensation inducer in the nucleus (ACIN1) Acinus ACINU_HUMAN hsa:22985 HGNC:17066 . . 22985 ACIN1 Protein coding 14q11.2 MWRRKHPRTSGGTRGVLSGNRGVEYGSGRGHLGTFEGRWRKLPKMPEAVGTDPSTSRKMAELEEVTLDGKPLQALRVTDLKAALEQRGLAKSGQKSALVKRLKGALMLENLQKHSTPHAAFQPNSQIGEEMSQNSFIKQYLEKQQELLRQRLEREAREAAELEEASAESEDEMIHPEGVASLLPPDFQSSLERPELELSRHSPRKSSSISEEKGDSDDEKPRKGERRSSRVRQARAAKLSEGSQPAEEEEDQETPSRNLRVRADRNLKTEEEEEEEEEEEEDDEEEEGDDEGQKSREAPILKEFKEEGEEIPRVKPEEMMDERPKTRSQEQEVLERGGRFTRSQEEARKSHLARQQQEKEMKTTSPLEEEEREIKSSQGLKEKSKSPSPPRLTEDRKKASLVALPEQTASEEETPPPLLTKEASSPPPHPQLHSEEEIEPMEGPAPAVLIQLSPPNTDADTRELLVSQHTVQLVGGLSPLSSPSDTKAESPAEKVPEESVLPLVQKSTLADYSAQKDLEPESDRSAQPLPLKIEELALAKGITEECLKQPSLEQKEGRRASHTLLPSHRLKQSADSSSSRSSSSSSSSSRSRSRSPDSSGSRSHSPLRSKQRDVAQARTHANPRGRPKMGSRSTSESRSRSRSRSRSASSNSRKSLSPGVSRDSSTSYTETKDPSSGQEVATPPVPQLQVCEPKERTSTSSSSVQARRLSQPESAEKHVTQRLQPERGSPKKCEAEEAEPPAATQPQTSETQTSHLPESERIHHTVEEKEEVTMDTSENRPENDVPEPPMPIADQVSNDDRPEGSVEDEEKKESSLPKSFKRKISVVSATKGVPAGNSDTEGGQPGRKRRWGASTATTQKKPSISITTESLKSLIPDIKPLAGQEAVVDLHADDSRISEDETERNGDDGTHDKGLKICRTVTQVVPAEGQENGQREEEEEEKEPEAEPPVPPQVSVEVALPPPAEHEVKKVTLGDTLTRRSISQQKSGVSITIDDPVRTAQVPSPPRGKISNIVHISNLVRPFTLGQLKELLGRTGTLVEEAFWIDKIKSHCFVTYSTVEEAVATRTALHGVKWPQSNPKFLCADYAEQDELDYHRGLLVDRPSETKTEEQGIPRPLHPPPPPPVQPPQHPRAEQREQERAVREQWAEREREMERRERTRSEREWDRDKVREGPRSRSRSRDRRRKERAKSKEKKSEKKEKAQEEPPAKLLDDLFRKTKAAPCIYWLPLTDSQIVQKEAERAERAKEREKRRKEQEEEEQKEREKEAERERNRQLEREKRREHSRERDRERERERERDRGDRDRDRERDRERGRERDRRDTKRHSRSRSRSTPVRDRGGRR . Auxiliary component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junction on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. Component of the ASAP complexes which bind RNA in a sequence-independent manner and are proposed to be recruited to the EJC prior to or during the splicing process and to regulate specific excision of introns in specific transcription subsets; ACIN1 confers RNA-binding to the complex. The ASAP complex can inhibit RNA processing during in vitro splicing reactions. The ASAP complex promotes apoptosis and is disassembled after induction of apoptosis. Involved in the splicing modulation of BCL2L1/Bcl-X (and probably other apoptotic genes); specifically inhibits formation of proapoptotic isoforms such as Bcl-X(S); the activity is different from the established EJC assembly and function. Induces apoptotic chromatin condensation after activation by CASP3. Regulates cyclin A1, but not cyclin A2, expression in leukemia cells. M6ATAR00527 Arrestin domain-containing protein 4 (ARRDC4) . ARRD4_HUMAN hsa:91947 HGNC:28087 . ENSG00000140450 91947 ARRDC4 Protein coding 15q26.2 MGGEAGCAAAVGAEGRVKSLGLVFEDERKGCYSSGETVAGHVLLEASEPVALRALRLEAQGRATAAWGPSTCPRASASTAALAVFSEVEYLNVRLSLREPPAGEGIILLQPGKHEFPFRFQLPSEPLVTSFTGKYGSIQYCVRAVLERPKVPDQSVKRELQVVSHVDVNTPALLTPVLKTQEKMVGCWFFTSGPVSLSAKIERKGYCNGEAIPIYAEIENCSSRLIVPKAAIFQTQTYLASGKTKTIRHMVANVRGNHIASGSTDTWNGKTLKIPPVTPSILDCCIIRVDYSLAVYIHIPGAKKLMLELPLVIGTIPYNGFGSRNSSIASQFSMDMSWLTLTLPEQPEAPPNYADVVSEEEFSRHIPPYPQPPNCEGEVCCPVFACIQEFRFQPPPLYSEVDPHPSDVEESQPVSFIL Arrestin family Functions as an adapter recruiting ubiquitin-protein ligases to their specific substrates (By similarity). Plays a role in endocytosis of activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (Probable). Through an ubiquitination-dependent mechanism plays also a role in the incorporation of SLC11A2 into extracellular vesicles (By similarity). May play a role in glucose uptake. M6ATAR00729 Aspartate--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic (DARS) Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase; AspRS; Cell proliferation-inducing gene 40 protein SYDC_HUMAN hsa:1615 HGNC:2678 . ENSG00000115866 1615 DARS Protein coding 2q21.3 MPSASASRKSQEKPREIMDAAEDYAKERYGISSMIQSQEKPDRVLVRVRDLTIQKADEVVWVRARVHTSRAKGKQCFLVLRQQQFNVQALVAVGDHASKQMVKFAANINKESIVDVEGVVRKVNQKIGSCTQQDVELHVQKIYVISLAEPRLPLQLDDAVRPEAEGEEEGRATVNQDTRLDNRVIDLRTSTSQAVFRLQSGICHLFRETLINKGFVEIQTPKIISAASEGGANVFTVSYFKNNAYLAQSPQLYKQMCICADFEKVFSIGPVFRAEDSNTHRHLTEFVGLDIEMAFNYHYHEVMEEIADTMVQIFKGLQERFQTEIQTVNKQFPCEPFKFLEPTLRLEYCEALAMLREAGVEMGDEDDLSTPNEKLLGHLVKEKYDTDFYILDKYPLAVRPFYTMPDPRNPKQSNSYDMFMRGEEILSGAQRIHDPQLLTERALHHGIDLEKIKAYIDSFRFGAPPHAGGGIGLERVTMLFLGLHNVRQTSMFPRDPKRLTP Class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family, Type 2 subfamily Catalyzes the specific attachment of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in a 2 step reaction: the amino acid (AA) is first activated by ATP to form AA-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of the tRNA. M6ATAR00183 ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 2 (ATAD2) AAA nuclear coregulator cancer-associated protein; ANCCA; L16; PRO2000 ATAD2_HUMAN hsa:29028 HGNC:30123 . ENSG00000156802 29028 ATAD2 Protein coding 8q24.13 MVVLRSSLELHNHSAASATGSLDLSSDFLSLEHIGRRRLRSAGAAQKKPAATTAKAGDGSSVKEVETYHRTRALRSLRKDAQNSSDSSFEKNVEITEQLANGRHFTRQLARQQADKKKEEHREDKVIPVTRSLRARNIVQSTEHLHEDNGDVEVRRSCRIRSRYSGVNQSMLFDKLITNTAEAVLQKMDDMKKMRRQRMRELEDLGVFNETEESNLNMYTRGKQKDIQRTDEETTDNQEGSVESSEEGEDQEHEDDGEDEDDEDDDDDDDDDDDDDDEDDEDEEDGEEENQKRYYLRQRKATVYYQAPLEKPRHQRKPNIFYSGPASPARPRYRLSSAGPRSPYCKRMNRRRHAIHSSDSTSSSSSEDEQHFERRRKRSRNRAINRCLPLNFRKDELKGIYKDRMKIGASLADVDPMQLDSSVRFDSVGGLSNHIAALKEMVVFPLLYPEVFEKFKIQPPRGCLFYGPPGTGKTLVARALANECSQGDKRVAFFMRKGADCLSKWVGESERQLRLLFDQAYQMRPSIIFFDEIDGLAPVRSSRQDQIHSSIVSTLLALMDGLDSRGEIVVIGATNRLDSIDPALRRPGRFDREFLFSLPDKEARKEILKIHTRDWNPKPLDTFLEELAENCVGYCGADIKSICAEAALCALRRRYPQIYTTSEKLQLDLSSINISAKDFEVAMQKMIPASQRAVTSPGQALSTVVKPLLQNTVDKILEALQRVFPHAEFRTNKTLDSDISCPLLESDLAYSDDDVPSVYENGLSQKSSHKAKDNFNFLHLNRNACYQPMSFRPRILIVGEPGFGQGSHLAPAVIHALEKFTVYTLDIPVLFGVSTTSPEETCAQVIREAKRTAPSIVYVPHIHVWWEIVGPTLKATFTTLLQNIPSFAPVLLLATSDKPHSALPEEVQELFIRDYGEIFNVQLPDKEERTKFFEDLILKQAAKPPISKKKAVLQALEVLPVAPPPEPRSLTAEEVKRLEEQEEDTFRELRIFLRNVTHRLAIDKRFRVFTKPVDPDEVPDYVTVIKQPMDLSSVISKIDLHKYLTVKDYLRDIDLICSNALEYNPDRDPGDRLIRHRACALRDTAYAIIKEELDEDFEQLCEEIQESRKKRGCSSSKYAPSYYHVMPKQNSTLVGDKRSDPEQNEKLKTPSTPVACSTPAQLKRKIRKKSNWYLGTIKKRRKISQAKDDSQNAIDHKIESDTEETQDTSVDHNETGNTGESSVEENEKQQNASESKLELRNNSNTCNIENELEDSRKTTACTELRDKIACNGDASSSQIIHISDENEGKEMCVLRMTRARRSQVEQQQLITVEKALAILSQPTPSLVVDHERLKNLLKTVVKKSQNYNIFQLENLYAVISQCIYRHRKDHDKTSLIQKMEQEVENFSCSR AAA ATPase family May be a transcriptional coactivator of the nuclear receptor ESR1 required to induce the expression of a subset of estradiol target genes, such as CCND1, MYC and E2F1. May play a role in the recruitment or occupancy of CREBBP at some ESR1 target gene promoters. May be required for histone hyperacetylation. Involved in the estrogen-induced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression of breast cancer cells. M6ATAR00184 ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 3A (ATAD3A) . ATD3A_HUMAN hsa:55210 HGNC:25567 . ENSG00000197785 55210 ATAD3A Protein coding 1p36.33 MSWLFGINKGPKGEGAGPPPPLPPAQPGAEGGGDRGLGDRPAPKDKWSNFDPTGLERAAKAARELEHSRYAKDALNLAQMQEQTLQLEQQSKLKMRLEALSLLHTLVWAWSLCRAGAVQTQERLSGSASPEQVPAGECCALQEYEAAVEQLKSEQIRAQAEERRKTLSEETRQHQARAQYQDKLARQRYEDQLKQQQLLNEENLRKQEESVQKQEAMRRATVEREMELRHKNEMLRVEAEARARAKAERENADIIREQIRLKAAEHRQTVLESIRTAGTLFGEGFRAFVTDWDKVTATVAGLTLLAVGVYSAKNATLVAGRFIEARLGKPSLVRETSRITVLEALRHPIQVSRRLLSRPQDALEGVVLSPSLEARVRDIAIATRNTKKNRSLYRNILMYGPPGTGKTLFAKKLALHSGMDYAIMTGGDVAPMGREGVTAMHKLFDWANTSRRGLLLFVDEADAFLRKRATEKISEDLRATLNAFLYRTGQHSNKFMLVLASNQPEQFDWAINDRINEMVHFDLPGQEERERLVRMYFDKYVLKPATEGKQRLKLAQFDYGRKCSEVARLTEGMSGREIAQLAVSWQATAYASEDGVLTEAMMDTRVQDAVQQHQQKMCWLKAEGPGRGDEPSPS AAA ATPase family Essential for mitochondrial network organization, mitochondrial metabolism and cell growth at organism and cellular level. May play an important role in mitochondrial protein synthesis. May also participate in mitochondrial DNA replication. May bind to mitochondrial DNA D-loops and contribute to nucleoid stability. Required for enhanced channeling of cholesterol for hormone-dependent steroidogenesis. Involved in mitochondrial-mediated antiviral innate immunity. M6ATAR00676 ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 10 (ABCC10) Multidrug resistance-associated protein 7 MRP7_HUMAN hsa:89845 HGNC:52 . ENSG00000124574 89845 ABCC10 Protein coding 6p21.1 MERLLAQLCGSSAAWPLPLWEGDTTGHCFTQLVLSALPHALLAVLSACYLGTPRSPDYILPCSPGWRLRLAASFLLSVFPLLDLLPVALPPGAGPGPIGLEVLAGCVAAVAWISHSLALWVLAHSPHGHSRGPLALALVALLPAPALVLTVLWHCQRGTLLPPLLPGPMARLCLLILQLAALLAYALGWAAPGGPREPWAQEPLLPEDQEPEVAEDGESWLSRFSYAWLAPLLARGACGELRQPQDICRLPHRLQPTYLARVFQAHWQEGARLWRALYGAFGRCYLALGLLKLVGTMLGFSGPLLLSLLVGFLEEGQEPLSHGLLYALGLAGGAVLGAVLQNQYGYEVYKVTLQARGAVLNILYCKALQLGPSRPPTGEALNLLGTDSERLLNFAGSFHEAWGLPLQLAITLYLLYQQVGVAFVGGLILALLLVPVNKVIATRIMASNQEMLQHKDARVKLVTELLSGIRVIKFCGWEQALGARVEACRARELGRLRVIKYLDAACVYLWAALPVVISIVIFITYVLMGHQLTATKVFTALALVRMLILPLNNFPWVINGLLEAKVSLDRIQLFLDLPNHNPQAYYSPDPPAEPSTVLELHGALFSWDPVGTSLETFISHLEVKKGMLVGIVGKVGCGKSSLLAAIAGELHRLRGHVAVRGLSKGFGLATQEPWIQFATIRDNILFGKTFDAQLYKEVLEACALNDDLSILPAGDQTEVGEKGVTLSGGQRARIALARAVYQEKELYLLDDPLAAVDADVANHLLHRCILGMLSYTTRLLCTHRTEYLERADAVLLMEAGRLIRAGPPSEILPLVQAVPKAWAENGQESDSATAQSVQNPEKTKEGLEEEQSTSGRLLQEESKKEGAVALHVYQAYWKAVGQGLALAILFSLLLMQATRNAADWWLSHWISQLKAENSSQEAQPSTSPASMGLFSPQLLLFSPGNLYIPVFPLPKAAPNGSSDIRFYLTVYATIAGVNSLCTLLRAVLFAAGTLQAAATLHRRLLHRVLMAPVTFFNATPTGRILNRFSSDVACADDSLPFILNILLANAAGLLGLLAVLGSGLPWLLLLLPPLSIMYYHVQRHYRASSRELRRLGSLTLSPLYSHLADTLAGLSVLRATGATYRFEEENLRLLELNQRCQFATSATMQWLDIRLQLMGAAVVSAIAGIALVQHQQGLANPGLVGLSLSYALSLTGLLSGLVSSFTQTEAMLVSVERLEEYTCDLPQEPQGQPLQLGTGWLTQGGVEFQDVVLAYRPGLPNALDGVTFCVQPGEKLGIVGRTGSGKSSLLLVLFRLLEPSSGRVLLDGVDTSQLELAQLRSQLAIIPQEPFLFSGTVRENLDPQGLHKDRALWQALKQCHLSEVITSMGGLDGELGEGGRSLSLGQRQLLCLARALLTDAKILCIDEATASVDQKTDQLLQQTICKRFANKTVLTIAHRLNTILNSDRVLVLQAGRVVELDSPATLRNQPHSLFQQLLQSSQQGVPASLGGP ABC transporter superfamily, ABCC family, Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes physiological compounds, and xenobiotics from cells. Lipophilic anion transporter that mediates ATP-dependent transport of glucuronide conjugates such as estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide and GSH conjugates such as leukotriene C4 (LTC4). Mediates multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells by preventing the intracellular accumulation of certain antitumor drugs, such as, docetaxel and paclitaxel. Does not transport glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, MTX, folic acid, cAMP, or cGMP. M6ATAR00165 ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 9 (ABCC9) Sulfonylurea receptor 2; SUR2 ABCC9_HUMAN hsa:10060 HGNC:60 . ENSG00000069431 10060 ABCC9 Protein coding 12p12.1 MSLSFCGNNISSYNINDGVLQNSCFVDALNLVPHVFLLFITFPILFIGWGSQSSKVQIHHNTWLHFPGHNLRWILTFALLFVHVCEIAEGIVSDSRRESRHLHLFMPAVMGFVATTTSIVYYHNIETSNFPKLLLALFLYWVMAFITKTIKLVKYCQSGLDISNLRFCITGMMVILNGLLMAVEINVIRVRRYVFFMNPQKVKPPEDLQDLGVRFLQPFVNLLSKATYWWMNTLIISAHKKPIDLKAIGKLPIAMRAVTNYVCLKDAYEEQKKKVADHPNRTPSIWLAMYRAFGRPILLSSTFRYLADLLGFAGPLCISGIVQRVNETQNGTNNTTGISETLSSKEFLENAYVLAVLLFLALILQRTFLQASYYVTIETGINLRGALLAMIYNKILRLSTSNLSMGEMTLGQINNLVAIETNQLMWFLFLCPNLWAMPVQIIMGVILLYNLLGSSALVGAAVIVLLAPIQYFIATKLAEAQKSTLDYSTERLKKTNEILKGIKLLKLYAWEHIFCKSVEETRMKELSSLKTFALYTSLSIFMNAAIPIAAVLATFVTHAYASGNNLKPAEAFASLSLFHILVTPLFLLSTVVRFAVKAIISVQKLNEFLLSDEIGDDSWRTGESSLPFESCKKHTGVQPKTINRKQPGRYHLDSYEQSTRRLRPAETEDIAIKVTNGYFSWGSGLATLSNIDIRIPTGQLTMIVGQVGCGKSSLLLAILGEMQTLEGKVHWSNVNESEPSFEATRSRNRYSVAYAAQKPWLLNATVEENITFGSPFNKQRYKAVTDACSLQPDIDLLPFGDQTEIGERGINLSGGQRQRICVARALYQNTNIVFLDDPFSALDIHLSDHLMQEGILKFLQDDKRTLVLVTHKLQYLTHADWIIAMKDGSVLREGTLKDIQTKDVELYEHWKTLMNRQDQELEKDMEADQTTLERKTLRRAMYSREAKAQMEDEDEEEEEEEDEDDNMSTVMRLRTKMPWKTCWRYLTSGGFFLLILMIFSKLLKHSVIVAIDYWLATWTSEYSINNTGKADQTYYVAGFSILCGAGIFLCLVTSLTVEWMGLTAAKNLHHNLLNKIILGPIRFFDTTPLGLILNRFSADTNIIDQHIPPTLESLTRSTLLCLSAIGMISYATPVFLVALLPLGVAFYFIQKYFRVASKDLQELDDSTQLPLLCHFSETAEGLTTIRAFRHETRFKQRMLELTDTNNIAYLFLSAANRWLEVRTDYLGACIVLTASIASISGSSNSGLVGLGLLYALTITNYLNWVVRNLADLEVQMGAVKKVNSFLTMESENYEGTMDPSQVPEHWPQEGEIKIHDLCVRYENNLKPVLKHVKAYIKPGQKVGICGRTGSGKSSLSLAFFRMVDIFDGKIVIDGIDISKLPLHTLRSRLSIILQDPILFSGSIRFNLDPECKCTDDRLWEALEIAQLKNMVKSLPGGLDAVVTEGGENFSVGQRQLFCLARAFVRKSSILIMDEATASIDMATENILQKVVMTAFADRTVVTIAHRVSSIMDAGLVLVFSEGILVECDTVPNLLAHKNGLFSTLVMTNK ABC transporter superfamily; ABCC family; Conjugate transporter (TC 3;A;1;208) subfamily Subunit of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP). Can form cardiac and smooth muscle-type KATP channels with KCNJ11. KCNJ11 forms the channel pore while ABCC9 is required for activation and regulation. M6ATAR00166 ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 1 (ABCD1) Adrenoleukodystrophy protein; ALDP; ALD ABCD1_HUMAN hsa:215 HGNC:61 . ENSG00000101986 215 ABCD1 Protein coding Xq28 MPVLSRPRPWRGNTLKRTAVLLALAAYGAHKVYPLVRQCLAPARGLQAPAGEPTQEASGVAAAKAGMNRVFLQRLLWLLRLLFPRVLCRETGLLALHSAALVSRTFLSVYVARLDGRLARCIVRKDPRAFGWQLLQWLLIALPATFVNSAIRYLEGQLALSFRSRLVAHAYRLYFSQQTYYRVSNMDGRLRNPDQSLTEDVVAFAASVAHLYSNLTKPLLDVAVTSYTLLRAARSRGAGTAWPSAIAGLVVFLTANVLRAFSPKFGELVAEEARRKGELRYMHSRVVANSEEIAFYGGHEVELALLQRSYQDLASQINLILLERLWYVMLEQFLMKYVWSASGLLMVAVPIITATGYSESDAEAVKKAALEKKEEELVSERTEAFTIARNLLTAAADAIERIMSSYKEVTELAGYTARVHEMFQVFEDVQRCHFKRPRELEDAQAGSGTIGRSGVRVEGPLKIRGQVVDVEQGIICENIPIVTPSGEVVVASLNIRVEEGMHLLITGPNGCGKSSLFRILGGLWPTYGGVLYKPPPQRMFYIPQRPYMSVGSLRDQVIYPDSVEDMQRKGYSEQDLEAILDVVHLHHILQREGGWEAMCDWKDVLSGGEKQRIGMARMFYHRPKYALLDECTSAVSIDVEGKIFQAAKDAGIALLSITHRPSLWKYHTHLLQFDGEGGWKFEKLDSAARLSLTEEKQRLEQQLAGIPKMQRRLQELCQILGEAVAPAHVPAPSPQGPGGLQGAST ABC transporter superfamily; ABCD family; Peroxisomal fatty acyl CoA transporter (TC 3;A;1;203) subfamily ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family involved in the transport of very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA)-CoA from the cytosol to the peroxisome lumen. Coupled to the ATP-dependent transporter activity has also a fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase activity (ACOT) and hydrolyzes VLCFA-CoA into VLCFA prior their ATP-dependent transport into peroxisomes, the ACOT activity is essential during this transport process. Thus, plays a role in regulation of VLCFAs and energy metabolism namely, in the degradation and biosynthesis of fatty acids by beta-oxidation, mitochondrial function and microsomal fatty acid elongation. Involved in several processes; namely, controls the active myelination phase by negatively regulating the microsomal fatty acid elongation activity and may also play a role in axon and myelin maintenance. Controls also the cellular response to oxidative stress by regulating mitochondrial functions such as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and depolarization. And finally controls the inflammatory response by positively regulating peroxisomal beta-oxidation of VLCFAs (By similarity). M6ATAR00169 ATP-citrate synthase (ACLY) ATP-citrate (pro-S-)-lyase; ACL; Citrate cleavage enzyme ACLY_HUMAN hsa:47 HGNC:115 . ENSG00000131473 47 ACLY Protein coding 17q21.2 MSAKAISEQTGKELLYKFICTTSAIQNRFKYARVTPDTDWARLLQDHPWLLSQNLVVKPDQLIKRRGKLGLVGVNLTLDGVKSWLKPRLGQEATVGKATGFLKNFLIEPFVPHSQAEEFYVCIYATREGDYVLFHHEGGVDVGDVDAKAQKLLVGVDEKLNPEDIKKHLLVHAPEDKKEILASFISGLFNFYEDLYFTYLEINPLVVTKDGVYVLDLAAKVDATADYICKVKWGDIEFPPPFGREAYPEEAYIADLDAKSGASLKLTLLNPKGRIWTMVAGGGASVVYSDTICDLGGVNELANYGEYSGAPSEQQTYDYAKTILSLMTREKHPDGKILIIGGSIANFTNVAATFKGIVRAIRDYQGPLKEHEVTIFVRRGGPNYQEGLRVMGEVGKTTGIPIHVFGTETHMTAIVGMALGHRPIPNQPPTAAHTANFLLNASGSTSTPAPSRTASFSESRADEVAPAKKAKPAMPQDSVPSPRSLQGKSTTLFSRHTKAIVWGMQTRAVQGMLDFDYVCSRDEPSVAAMVYPFTGDHKQKFYWGHKEILIPVFKNMADAMRKHPEVDVLINFASLRSAYDSTMETMNYAQIRTIAIIAEGIPEALTRKLIKKADQKGVTIIGPATVGGIKPGCFKIGNTGGMLDNILASKLYRPGSVAYVSRSGGMSNELNNIISRTTDGVYEGVAIGGDRYPGSTFMDHVLRYQDTPGVKMIVVLGEIGGTEEYKICRGIKEGRLTKPIVCWCIGTCATMFSSEVQFGHAGACANQASETAVAKNQALKEAGVFVPRSFDELGEIIQSVYEDLVANGVIVPAQEVPPPTVPMDYSWARELGLIRKPASFMTSICDERGQELIYAGMPITEVFKEEMGIGGVLGLLWFQKRLPKYSCQFIEMCLMVTADHGPAVSGAHNTIICARAGKDLVSSLTSGLLTIGDRFGGALDAAAKMFSKAFDSGIIPMEFVNKMKKEGKLIMGIGHRVKSINNPDMRVQILKDYVRQHFPATPLLDYALEVEKITTSKKPNLILNVDGLIGVAFVDMLRNCGSFTREEADEYIDIGALNGIFVLGRSMGFIGHYLDQKRLKQGLYRHPWDDISYVLPEHMSM succinate/malate CoA ligase beta subunit family Catalyzes the cleavage of citrate into oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA, the latter serving as common substrate for de novo cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. M6ATAR00226 ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X (DDX3X) CAP-Rf; DEAD box protein 3, X-chromosomal; DEAD box, X isoform; DBX; Helicase-like protein 2; HLP2; DBX; DDX3 DDX3X_HUMAN hsa:1654 HGNC:2745 . ENSG00000215301 1654 DDX3X Protein coding Xp11.4 MSHVAVENALGLDQQFAGLDLNSSDNQSGGSTASKGRYIPPHLRNREATKGFYDKDSSGWSSSKDKDAYSSFGSRSDSRGKSSFFSDRGSGSRGRFDDRGRSDYDGIGSRGDRSGFGKFERGGNSRWCDKSDEDDWSKPLPPSERLEQELFSGGNTGINFEKYDDIPVEATGNNCPPHIESFSDVEMGEIIMGNIELTRYTRPTPVQKHAIPIIKEKRDLMACAQTGSGKTAAFLLPILSQIYSDGPGEALRAMKENGRYGRRKQYPISLVLAPTRELAVQIYEEARKFSYRSRVRPCVVYGGADIGQQIRDLERGCHLLVATPGRLVDMMERGKIGLDFCKYLVLDEADRMLDMGFEPQIRRIVEQDTMPPKGVRHTMMFSATFPKEIQMLARDFLDEYIFLAVGRVGSTSENITQKVVWVEESDKRSFLLDLLNATGKDSLTLVFVETKKGADSLEDFLYHEGYACTSIHGDRSQRDREEALHQFRSGKSPILVATAVAARGLDISNVKHVINFDLPSDIEEYVHRIGRTGRVGNLGLATSFFNERNINITKDLLDLLVEAKQEVPSWLENMAYEHHYKGSSRGRSKSSRFSGGFGARDYRQSSGASSSSFSSSRASSSRSGGGGHGSSRGFGGGGYGGFYNSDGYGGNYNSQGVDWWGN DEAD box helicase family; DDX3/DED1 subfamily Multifunctional ATP-dependent RNA helicase. The ATPase activity can be stimulated by various ribo-and deoxynucleic acids indicative for a relaxed substrate specificity. In vitro can unwind partially double-stranded DNA with a preference for 5'-single-stranded DNA overhangs. Binds RNA G-quadruplex (rG4s) structures, including those located in the 5'-UTR of NRAS mRNA. Involved in many cellular processes, which do not necessarily require its ATPase/helicase catalytic activities (Probable). Involved in transcription regulation. Positively regulates CDKN1A/WAF1/CIP1 transcription in an SP1-dependent manner, hence inhibits cell growth. This function requires its ATPase, but not helicase activity. CDKN1A up-regulation may be cell-type specific. Binds CDH1/E-cadherin promoter and represses its transcription. Potentiates HNF4A-mediated MTTP transcriptional activation; this function requires ATPase, but not helicase activity. Facilitates HNF4A acetylation, possibly catalyzed by CREBBP/EP300, thereby increasing the DNA-binding affinity of HNF4 to its response element. In addition, disrupts the interaction between HNF4 and SHP that forms inactive heterodimers and enhances the formation of active HNF4 homodimers. By promoting HNF4A-induced MTTP expression, may play a role in lipid homeostasis. May positively regulate TP53 transcription. Associates with mRNPs, predominantly with spliced mRNAs carrying an exon junction complex (EJC). Involved in the regulation of translation initiation. Not involved in the general process of translation, but promotes efficient translation of selected complex mRNAs, containing highly structured 5'-untranslated regions (UTR). This function depends on helicase activity. Might facilitate translation by resolving secondary structures of 5'-UTRs during ribosome scanning. Alternatively, may act prior to 43S ribosomal scanning and promote 43S pre-initiation complex entry to mRNAs exhibiting specific RNA motifs, by performing local remodeling of transcript structures located close to the cap moiety. Independently of its ATPase activity, promotes the assembly of functional 80S ribosomes and disassembles from ribosomes prior to the translation elongation process. Positively regulates the translation of cyclin E1/CCNE1 mRNA and consequently promotes G1/S-phase transition during the cell cycle. May activate TP53 translation. Required for endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced ATF4 mRNA translation. Independently of its ATPase/helicase activity, enhances IRES-mediated translation; this activity requires interaction with EIF4E. Independently of its ATPase/helicase activity, has also been shown specifically repress cap-dependent translation, possibly by acting on translation initiation factor EIF4E. Involved in innate immunity, acting as a viral RNA sensor. Binds viral RNAs and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Potentiate MAVS/DDX58-mediated induction of IFNB in early stages of infection. Enhances IFNB1 expression via IRF3/IRF7 pathway and participates in NFKB activation in the presence of MAVS and TBK1. Involved in TBK1 and IKBKE-dependent IRF3 activation leading to IFNB induction, acts as a scaffolding adapter that links IKBKE and IRF3 and coordinates their activation. Involved in the TLR7/TLR8 signaling pathway leading to type I interferon induction, including IFNA4 production. In this context, acts as an upstream regulator of IRF7 activation by MAP3K14/NIK and CHUK/IKKA. Stimulates CHUK autophosphorylation and activation following physiological activation of the TLR7 and TLR8 pathways, leading to MAP3K14/CHUK-mediated activatory phosphorylation of IRF7. Also stimulates MAP3K14/CHUK-dependent NF-kappa-B signaling. Negatively regulates TNF-induced IL6 and IL8 expression, via the NF-kappa-B pathway. May act by interacting with RELA/p65 and trapping it in the cytoplasm. May also bind IFNB promoter; the function is independent of IRF3. Involved in both stress and inflammatory responses (By similarity). Independently of its ATPase/helicase activity, required for efficient stress granule assembly through its interaction with EIF4E, hence promotes survival in stressed cells. Independently of its helicase activity, regulates NLRP3 inflammasome assembly through interaction with NLRP3 and hence promotes cell death by pyroptosis during inflammation. This function is independent of helicase activity (By similarity). Therefore DDX3X availability may be used to interpret stress signals and choose between pro-survival stress granules and pyroptotic NLRP3 inflammasomes and serve as a live-or-die checkpoint in stressed cells (By similarity). In association with GSK3A/B, negatively regulates extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors, including TNFRSF10B, slowing down the rate of CASP3 activation following death receptor stimulation. Cleavage by caspases may inactivate DDX3X and relieve the inhibition. Independently of its ATPase/helicase activity, allosteric activator of CSNK1E. Stimulates CSNK1E-mediated phosphorylation of DVL2, thereby involved in the positive regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Also activates CSNK1A1 and CSNK1D in vitro, but it is uncertain if these targets are physiologically relevant. ATPase and casein kinase-activating functions are mutually exclusive. May be involved in mitotic chromosome segregation. (Microbial infection) Facilitates hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. During infection, HCV core protein inhibits the interaction between MAVS and DDX3X and therefore impairs MAVS-dependent INFB induction and might recruit DDX3X to HCV replication complex. Acts as a cofactor for XPO1-mediated nuclear export of HIV-1 Rev RNAs. This function is strongly stimulated in the presence of TBK1 and requires DDX3X ATPase activity. (Microbial infection) Facilitates Zika virus (ZIKV) replication. (Microbial infection) Facilitates Dengue virus (DENV) replication. (Microbial infection) Facilitates Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) replication. M6ATAR00323 ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) . MDR1_HUMAN hsa:5243 HGNC:40 . ENSG00000085563 5243 ABCB1 Protein coding 7q21.12 MDLEGDRNGGAKKKNFFKLNNKSEKDKKEKKPTVSVFSMFRYSNWLDKLYMVVGTLAAIIHGAGLPLMMLVFGEMTDIFANAGNLEDLMSNITNRSDINDTGFFMNLEEDMTRYAYYYSGIGAGVLVAAYIQVSFWCLAAGRQIHKIRKQFFHAIMRQEIGWFDVHDVGELNTRLTDDVSKINEGIGDKIGMFFQSMATFFTGFIVGFTRGWKLTLVILAISPVLGLSAAVWAKILSSFTDKELLAYAKAGAVAEEVLAAIRTVIAFGGQKKELERYNKNLEEAKRIGIKKAITANISIGAAFLLIYASYALAFWYGTTLVLSGEYSIGQVLTVFFSVLIGAFSVGQASPSIEAFANARGAAYEIFKIIDNKPSIDSYSKSGHKPDNIKGNLEFRNVHFSYPSRKEVKILKGLNLKVQSGQTVALVGNSGCGKSTTVQLMQRLYDPTEGMVSVDGQDIRTINVRFLREIIGVVSQEPVLFATTIAENIRYGRENVTMDEIEKAVKEANAYDFIMKLPHKFDTLVGERGAQLSGGQKQRIAIARALVRNPKILLLDEATSALDTESEAVVQVALDKARKGRTTIVIAHRLSTVRNADVIAGFDDGVIVEKGNHDELMKEKGIYFKLVTMQTAGNEVELENAADESKSEIDALEMSSNDSRSSLIRKRSTRRSVRGSQAQDRKLSTKEALDESIPPVSFWRIMKLNLTEWPYFVVGVFCAIINGGLQPAFAIIFSKIIGVFTRIDDPETKRQNSNLFSLLFLALGIISFITFFLQGFTFGKAGEILTKRLRYMVFRSMLRQDVSWFDDPKNTTGALTTRLANDAAQVKGAIGSRLAVITQNIANLGTGIIISFIYGWQLTLLLLAIVPIIAIAGVVEMKMLSGQALKDKKELEGSGKIATEAIENFRTVVSLTQEQKFEHMYAQSLQVPYRNSLRKAHIFGITFSFTQAMMYFSYAGCFRFGAYLVAHKLMSFEDVLLVFSAVVFGAMAVGQVSSFAPDYAKAKISAAHIIMIIEKTPLIDSYSTEGLMPNTLEGNVTFGEVVFNYPTRPDIPVLQGLSLEVKKGQTLALVGSSGCGKSTVVQLLERFYDPLAGKVLLDGKEIKRLNVQWLRAHLGIVSQEPILFDCSIAENIAYGDNSRVVSQEEIVRAAKEANIHAFIESLPNKYSTKVGDKGTQLSGGQKQRIAIARALVRQPHILLLDEATSALDTESEKVVQEALDKAREGRTCIVIAHRLSTIQNADLIVVFQNGRVKEHGTHQQLLAQKGIYFSMVSVQAGTKRQ ABC transporter superfamily; ABCB family; Multidrug resistance exporter (TC 3;A;1;201) subfamily Translocates drugs and phospholipids across the membrane. Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins. Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells . M6ATAR00193 Aurora kinase B (AURKB) Aurora 1; Aurora- and IPL1-like midbody-associated protein 1; AIM-1; Aurora/IPL1-related kinase 2; ARK-2; Aurora-related kinase 2; STK-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12; Serine/threonine-protein kinase 5; Serine/threonine-protein kinase aurora-B; AIK2; AIM1; AIRK2; ARK2; STK1; STK12; STK5 AURKB_HUMAN hsa:9212 HGNC:11390 . ENSG00000178999 9212 AURKB Protein coding 17p13.1 MAQKENSYPWPYGRQTAPSGLSTLPQRVLRKEPVTPSALVLMSRSNVQPTAAPGQKVMENSSGTPDILTRHFTIDDFEIGRPLGKGKFGNVYLAREKKSHFIVALKVLFKSQIEKEGVEHQLRREIEIQAHLHHPNILRLYNYFYDRRRIYLILEYAPRGELYKELQKSCTFDEQRTATIMEELADALMYCHGKKVIHRDIKPENLLLGLKGELKIADFGWSVHAPSLRRKTMCGTLDYLPPEMIEGRMHNEKVDLWCIGVLCYELLVGNPPFESASHNETYRRIVKVDLKFPASVPMGAQDLISKLLRHNPSERLPLAQVSAHPWVRANSRRVLPPSALQSVA protein kinase superfamily; Ser/Thr protein kinase family; Aurora subfamily Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Involved in the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Required for central/midzone spindle assembly and cleavage furrow formation. Key component of the cytokinesis checkpoint, a process required to delay abscission to prevent both premature resolution of intercellular chromosome bridges and accumulation of DNA damage: phosphorylates CHMP4C, leading to retain abscission-competent VPS4 (VPS4A and/or VPS4B) at the midbody ring until abscission checkpoint signaling is terminated at late cytokinesis. AURKB phosphorylates the CPC complex subunits BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin and INCENP. Other known AURKB substrates involved in centromeric functions and mitosis are CENPA, DES/desmin, GPAF, KIF2C, NSUN2, RACGAP1, SEPTIN1, VIM/vimentin, HASPIN, and histone H3. A positive feedback loop involving HASPIN and AURKB contributes to localization of CPC to centromeres. Phosphorylation of VIM controls vimentin filament segregation in cytokinetic process, whereas histone H3 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' during mitosis. A positive feedback between HASPIN and AURKB contributes to CPC localization. AURKB is also required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGO1. Phosphorylation of p53/TP53 negatively regulates its transcriptional activity. Key regulator of active promoters in resting B- and T-lymphocytes: acts by mediating phosphorylation of H3S28ph at active promoters in resting B-cells, inhibiting RNF2/RING1B-mediated ubiquitination of histone H2A and enhancing binding and activity of the USP16 deubiquitinase at transcribed genes (By similarity). Acts as an inhibitor of CGAS during mitosis: catalyzes phosphorylation of the N-terminus of CGAS during the G2-M transition, blocking CGAS liquid phase separation and activation, and thereby preventing CGAS-induced autoimmunity. M6ATAR00189 Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) APG5-like; Apoptosis-specific protein; APG5L; ASP ATG5_HUMAN hsa:9474 HGNC:589 . ENSG00000057663 9474 ATG5 Protein coding 6q21 MTDDKDVLRDVWFGRIPTCFTLYQDEITEREAEPYYLLLPRVSYLTLVTDKVKKHFQKVMRQEDISEIWFEYEGTPLKWHYPIGLLFDLLASSSALPWNITVHFKSFPEKDLLHCPSKDAIEAHFMSCMKEADALKHKSQVINEMQKKDHKQLWMGLQNDRFDQFWAINRKLMEYPAEENGFRYIPFRIYQTTTERPFIQKLFRPVAADGQLHTLGDLLKEVCPSAIDPEDGEKKNQVMIHGIEPMLETPLQWLSEHLSYPDNFLHISIIPQPTD ATG5 family Involved in autophagic vesicle formation. Conjugation with ATG12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 family proteins and their association to the vesicle membranes. Involved in mitochondrial quality control after oxidative damage, and in subsequent cellular longevity. Plays a critical role in multiple aspects of lymphocyte development and is essential for both B and T lymphocyte survival and proliferation. Required for optimal processing and presentation of antigens for MHC II. Involved in the maintenance of axon morphology and membrane structures, as well as in normal adipocyte differentiation. Promotes primary ciliogenesis through removal of OFD1 from centriolar satellites and degradation of IFT20 via the autophagic pathway. May play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. Plays a crucial role in IFN-gamma-induced autophagic cell death by interacting with FADD. (Microbial infection) May act as a proviral factor. In association with ATG12, negatively regulates the innate antiviral immune response by impairing the type I IFN production pathway upon vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection. Required for the translation of incoming hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA and, thereby, for initiation of HCV replication, but not required once infection is established. M6ATAR00191 Autophagy-related protein 101 (ATG101) C12orf44; PP894 ATGA1_HUMAN hsa:60673 HGNC:25679 . ENSG00000123395 60673 ATG101 Protein coding 12q13.13 MNCRSEVLEVSVEGRQVEEAMLAVLHTVLLHRSTGKFHYKKEGTYSIGTVGTQDVDCDFIDFTYVRVSSEELDRALRKVVGEFKDALRNSGGDGLGQMSLEFYQKKKSRWPFSDECIPWEVWTVKVHVVALATEQERQICREKVGEKLCEKIINIVEVMNRHEYLPKMPTQSEVDNVFDTGLRDVQPYLYKISFQITDALGTSVTTTMRRLIKDTLAL ATG101 family Autophagy factor required for autophagosome formation. Stabilizes ATG13, protecting it from proteasomal degradation. M6ATAR00161 Autophagy-related protein 16-1 (ATG16L1) APG16-like 1; APG16L; UNQ9393/PRO34307 A16L1_HUMAN hsa:55054 HGNC:21498 . ENSG00000085978; ENSG00000281089 55054 ATG16L1 Protein coding 2q37.1 MSSGLRAADFPRWKRHISEQLRRRDRLQRQAFEEIILQYNKLLEKSDLHSVLAQKLQAEKHDVPNRHEISPGHDGTWNDNQLQEMAQLRIKHQEELTELHKKRGELAQLVIDLNNQMQRKDREMQMNEAKIAECLQTISDLETECLDLRTKLCDLERANQTLKDEYDALQITFTALEGKLRKTTEENQELVTRWMAEKAQEANRLNAENEKDSRRRQARLQKELAEAAKEPLPVEQDDDIEVIVDETSDHTEETSPVRAISRAATKRLSQPAGGLLDSITNIFGRRSVSSFPVPQDNVDTHPGSGKEVRVPATALCVFDAHDGEVNAVQFSPGSRLLATGGMDRRVKLWEVFGEKCEFKGSLSGSNAGITSIEFDSAGSYLLAASNDFASRIWTVDDYRLRHTLTGHSGKVLSAKFLLDNARIVSGSHDRTLKLWDLRSKVCIKTVFAGSSCNDIVCTEQCVMSGHFDKKIRFWDIRSESIVREMELLGKITALDLNPERTELLSCSRDDLLKVIDLRTNAIKQTFSAPGFKCGSDWTRVVFSPDGSYVAAGSAEGSLYIWSVLTGKVEKVLSKQHSSSINAVAWSPSGSHVVSVDKGCKAVLWAQY WD repeat ATG16 family Plays an essential role in both canonical and non-canonical autophagy: interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the lipidation to ATG8 family proteins (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, MAP1LC3C, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 and GABARAP). Acts as a molecular hub, coordinating autophagy pathways via distinct domains that support either canonical or non-canonical signaling. During canonical autophagy, interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to ATG8 proteins, to produce a membrane-bound activated form of ATG8. Thereby, controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane. Also involved in non-canonical autophagy, a parallel pathway involving conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes at endolysosomal compartments, probably by catalyzing conjugation of phosphatidylserine (PS) to ATG8. Non-canonical autophagy plays a key role in epithelial cells to limit lethal infection by influenza A (IAV) virus (By similarity). Regulates mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production. Negatively regulates NOD1- and NOD2-driven inflammatory cytokine response. Instead, promotes with NOD2 an autophagy-dependent antibacterial pathway. Plays a role in regulating morphology and function of Paneth cell. M6ATAR00187 Autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A (ATG2A) KIAA0404 ATG2A_HUMAN hsa:23130 HGNC:29028 . ENSG00000110046 23130 ATG2A Protein coding 11q13.1 MSRWLWPWSNCVKERVCRYLLHHYLGHFFQEHLSLDQLSLDLYKGSVALRDIHLEIWSVNEVLESMESPLELVEGFVGSIEVAVPWAALLTDHCTVRVSGLQLTLQPRRGPAPGAADSQSWASCMTTSLQLAQECLRDGLPEPSEPPQPLEGLEMFAQTIETVLRRIKVTFLDTVVRVEHSPGDGERGVAVEVRVQRLEYCDEAVRDPSQAPPVDVHQPPAFLHKLLQLAGVRLHYEELPAQEEPPEPPLQIGSCSGYMELMVKLKQNEAFPGPKLEVAGQLGSLHLLLTPRQLQQLQELLSAVSLTDHEGLADKLNKSRPLGAEDLWLIEQDLNQQLQAGAVAEPLSPDPLTNPLLNLDNTDLFFSMAGLTSSVASALSELSLSDVDLASSVRSDMASRRLSAQAHPAGKMAPNPLLDTMRPDSLLKMTLGGVTLTLLQTSAPSSGPPDLATHFFTEFDATKDGPFGSRDFHHLRPRFQRACPCSHVRLTGTAVQLSWELRTGSRGRRTTSMEVHFGQLEVLECLWPRGTSEPEYTEILTFPGTLGSQASARPCAHLRHTQILRRVPKSRPRRSVACHCHSELALDLANFQADVELGALDRLAALLRLATVPAEPPAGLLTEPLPAMEQQTVFRLSAPRATLRLRFPIADLRPEPDPWAGQAVRAEQLRLELSEPQFRSELSSGPGPPVPTHLELTCSDLHGIYEDGGKPPVPCLRVSKALDPKSTGRKYFLPQVVVTVNPQSSSTQWEVAPEKGEELELSVESPCELREPEPSPFSSKRTMYETEEMVIPGDPEEMRTFQSRTLALSRCSLEVILPSVHIFLPSKEVYESIYNRINNDLLMWEPADLLPTPDPAAQPSGFPGPSGFWHDSFKMCKSAFKLANCFDLTPDSDSDDEDAHFFSVGASGGPQAAAPEAPSLHLQSTFSTLVTVLKGRITALCETKDEGGKRLEAVHGELVLDMEHGTLFSVSQYCGQPGLGYFCLEAEKATLYHRAAVDDYPLPSHLDLPSFAPPAQLAPTIYPSEEGVTERGASGRKGQGRGPHMLSTAVRIHLDPHKNVKEFLVTLRLHKATLRHYMALPEQSWHSQLLEFLDVLDDPVLGYLPPTVITILHTHLFSCSVDYRPLYLPVRVLITAETFTLSSNIIMDTSTFLLRFILDDSALYLSDKCEVETLDLRRDYVCVLDVDLLELVIKTWKGSTEGKLSQPLFELRCSNNVVHVHSCADSCALLVNLLQYVMSTGDLHPPPRPPSPTEIAGQKLSESPASLPSCPPVETALINQRDLADALLDTERSLRELAQPSGGHLPQASPISVYLFPGERSGAPPPSPPVGGPAGSLGSCSEEKEDEREEEGDGDTLDSDEFCILDAPGLGIPPRDGEPVVTQLHPGPIVVRDGYFSRPIGSTDLLRAPAHFPVPSTRVVLREVSLVWHLYGGRDFGPHPGHRARTGLSGPRSSPSRCSGPNRPQNSWRTQGGSGRQHHVLMEIQLSKVSFQHEVYPAEPATGPAAPSQELEERPLSRQVFIVQELEVRDRLASSQINKFLYLHTSERMPRRAHSNMLTIKALHVAPTTNLGGPECCLRVSLMPLRLNVDQDALFFLKDFFTSLVAGINPVVPGETSAEARPETRAQPSSPLEGQAEGVETTGSQEAPGGGHSPSPPDQQPIYFREFRFTSEVPIWLDYHGKHVTMDQVGTFAGLLIGLAQLNCSELKLKRLCCRHGLLGVDKVLGYALNEWLQDIRKNQLPGLLGGVGPMHSVVQLFQGFRDLLWLPIEQYRKDGRLMRGLQRGAASFGSSTASAALELSNRLVQAIQATAETVYDILSPAAPVSRSLQDKRSARRLRRGQQPADLREGVAKAYDTVREGILDTAQTICDVASRGHEQKGLTGAVGGVIRQLPPTVVKPLILATEATSSLLGGMRNQIVPDAHKDHALKWRSDSAQD ATG2 family Lipid transfer protein involved in autophagosome assembly. Tethers the edge of the isolation membrane (IM) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mediates direct lipid transfer from ER to IM for IM expansion. Binds to the ER exit site (ERES), which is the membrane source for autophagosome formation, and extracts phospholipids from the membrane source and transfers them to ATG9 (ATG9A or ATG9B) to the IM for membrane expansion. Lipid transfer activity is enhanced by WIPI1 and WDR45/WIPI4, which promote ATG2A-association with phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P)-containing membranes . Also regulates lipid droplets morphology and distribution within the cell. M6ATAR00594 Axin-1 (AXIN1) Axis inhibition protein 1; hAxin AXIN1_HUMAN hsa:8312 HGNC:903 . ENSG00000103126 8312 AXIN1 Protein coding 16p13.3 MNIQEQGFPLDLGASFTEDAPRPPVPGEEGELVSTDPRPASYSFCSGKGVGIKGETSTATPRRSDLDLGYEPEGSASPTPPYLKWAESLHSLLDDQDGISLFRTFLKQEGCADLLDFWFACTGFRKLEPCDSNEEKRLKLARAIYRKYILDNNGIVSRQTKPATKSFIKGCIMKQLIDPAMFDQAQTEIQATMEENTYPSFLKSDIYLEYTRTGSESPKVCSDQSSGSGTGKGISGYLPTLNEDEEWKCDQDMDEDDGRDAAPPGRLPQKLLLETAAPRVSSSRRYSEGREFRYGSWREPVNPYYVNAGYALAPATSANDSEQQSLSSDADTLSLTDSSVDGIPPYRIRKQHRREMQESVQVNGRVPLPHIPRTYRVPKEVRVEPQKFAEELIHRLEAVQRTREAEEKLEERLKRVRMEEEGEDGDPSSGPPGPCHKLPPAPAWHHFPPRCVDMGCAGLRDAHEENPESILDEHVQRVLRTPGRQSPGPGHRSPDSGHVAKMPVALGGAASGHGKHVPKSGAKLDAAGLHHHRHVHHHVHHSTARPKEQVEAEATRRAQSSFAWGLEPHSHGARSRGYSESVGAAPNASDGLAHSGKVGVACKRNAKKAESGKSASTEVPGASEDAEKNQKIMQWIIEGEKEISRHRRTGHGSSGTRKPQPHENSRPLSLEHPWAGPQLRTSVQPSHLFIQDPTMPPHPAPNPLTQLEEARRRLEEEEKRASRAPSKQRYVQEVMRRGRACVRPACAPVLHVVPAVSDMELSETETRSQRKVGGGSAQPCDSIVVAYYFCGEPIPYRTLVRGRAVTLGQFKELLTKKGSYRYYFKKVSDEFDCGVVFEEVREDEAVLPVFEEKIIGKVEKVD . Component of the beta-catenin destruction complex required for regulating CTNNB1 levels through phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and modulating Wnt-signaling. Controls dorsoventral patterning via two opposing effects; down-regulates CTNNB1 to inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway and ventralize embryos, but also dorsalizes embryos by activating a Wnt-independent JNK signaling pathway. In Wnt signaling, probably facilitates the phosphorylation of CTNNB1 and APC by GSK3B. Likely to function as a tumor suppressor. Enhances TGF-beta signaling by recruiting the RNF111 E3 ubiquitin ligase and promoting the degradation of inhibitory SMAD7. Also component of the AXIN1-HIPK2-TP53 complex which controls cell growth, apoptosis and development. Facilitates the phosphorylation of TP53 by HIPK2 upon ultraviolet irradiation. M6ATAR00741 Basic leucine zipper transcriptional factor ATF-like 2 (BATF2) B-ATF-2; Suppressor of AP-1 regulated by IFN; SARI BATF2_HUMAN hsa:116071 HGNC:25163 . ENSG00000168062 116071 BATF2 Protein coding 11q13.1 MHLCGGNGLLTQTDPKEQQRQLKKQKNRAAAQRSRQKHTDKADALHQQHESLEKDNLALRKEIQSLQAELAWWSRTLHVHERLCPMDCASCSAPGLLGCWDQAEGLLGPGPQGQHGCREQLELFQTPGSCYPAQPLSPGPQPHDSPSLLQCPLPSLSLGPAVVAEPPVQLSPSPLLFASHTGSSLQGSSSKLSALQPSLTAQTAPPQPLELEHPTRGKLGSSPDNPSSALGLARLQSREHKPALSAATWQGLVVDPSPHPLLAFPLLSSAQVHF BZIP family AP-1 family transcription factor that controls the differentiation of lineage-specific cells in the immune system. Following infection, participates in the differentiation of CD8(+) thymic conventional dendritic cells in the immune system. Acts via the formation of a heterodimer with JUN family proteins that recognizes and binds DNA sequence 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3' and regulates expression of target genes (By similarity). Selectively suppresses CCN1 transcription and hence blocks the downstream cell proliferation signals produced by CCN1 and inhibits CCN1-induced anchorage-independent growth and invasion in several cancer types, such as breast cancer, malignant glioma and metastatic melanoma. Possibly acts by interfering with AP-1 binding to CCN1 promoter. M6ATAR00198 Bax inhibitor 1 (TMBIM6) BI-1; Testis-enhanced gene transcript protein; Transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif-containing protein 6; BI1; TEGT BI1_HUMAN hsa:7009 HGNC:11723 . ENSG00000139644 7009 TMBIM6 Protein coding 12q13.12 MNIFDRKINFDALLKFSHITPSTQQHLKKVYASFALCMFVAAAGAYVHMVTHFIQAGLLSALGSLILMIWLMATPHSHETEQKRLGLLAGFAFLTGVGLGPALEFCIAVNPSILPTAFMGTAMIFTCFTLSALYARRRSYLFLGGILMSALSLLLLSSLGNVFFGSIWLFQANLYVGLVVMCGFVLFDTQLIIEKAEHGDQDYIWHCIDLFLDFITVFRKLMMILAMNEKDKKKEKK BI1 family Suppressor of apoptosis. Modulates unfolded protein response signaling. Modulates ER calcium homeostasis by acting as a calcium-leak channel. Negatively regulates autophagy and autophagosome formation, especially during periods of nutrient deprivation, and reduces cell survival during starvation (By similarity). M6ATAR00201 BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) NIP3 BNIP3_HUMAN hsa:664 HGNC:1084 . ENSG00000176171 664 BNIP3 Protein coding 10q26.3 MGDAAADPPGPALPCEFLRPGCGAPLSPGAQLGRGAPTSAFPPPAAEAHPAARRGLRSPQLPSGAMSQNGAPGMQEESLQGSWVELHFSNNGNGGSVPASVSIYNGDMEKILLDAQHESGRSSSKSSHCDSPPRSQTPQDTNRASETDTHSIGEKNSSQSEEDDIERRKEVESILKKNSDWIWDWSSRPENIPPKEFLFKHPKRTATLSMRNTSVMKKGGIFSAEFLKVFLPSLLLSHLLAIGLGIYIGRRLTTSTSTF NIP3 family Apoptosis-inducing protein that can overcome BCL2 suppression. May play a role in repartitioning calcium between the two major intracellular calcium stores in association with BCL2. Involved in mitochondrial quality control via its interaction with SPATA18/MIEAP: in response to mitochondrial damage, participates in mitochondrial protein catabolic process (also named MALM) leading to the degradation of damaged proteins inside mitochondria. The physical interaction of SPATA18/MIEAP, BNIP3 and BNIP3L/NIX at the mitochondrial outer membrane regulates the opening of a pore in the mitochondrial double membrane in order to mediate the translocation of lysosomal proteins from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix. Plays an important role in the calprotectin (S100A8/A9)-induced cell death pathway. M6ATAR00556 Bcl-2-modifying factor (BMF) . BMF_HUMAN hsa:90427 HGNC:24132 . ENSG00000104081 90427 BMF Protein coding 15q15.1 MEPSQCVEELEDDVFQPEDGEPVTQPGSLLSADLFAQSLLDCPLSRLQLFPLTHCCGPGLRPTSQEDKATQTLSPASPSQGVMLPCGVTEEPQRLFYGNAGYRLPLPASFPAVLPIGEQPPEGQWQHQAEVQIARKLQCIADQFHRLHVQQHQQNQNRVWWQILLFLHNLALNGEENRNGAGPR Bcl-2 family May play a role in apoptosis. Isoform 1 seems to be the main initiator. M6ATAR00194 Beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator (ATG14) Barkor; Autophagy-related protein 14-like protein; Atg14L; ATG14L; KIAA0831 BAKOR_HUMAN hsa:22863 HGNC:19962 . ENSG00000126775 22863 ATG14 Protein coding 14q22.3 MASPSGKGARALEAPGCGPRPLARDLVDSVDDAEGLYVAVERCPLCNTTRRRLTCAKCVQSGDFVYFDGRDRERFIDKKERLSRLKSKQEEFQKEVLKAMEGKWITDQLRWKIMSCKMRIEQLKQTICKGNEEMEKNSEGLLKTKEKNQKLYSRAQRHQEKKEKIQRHNRKLGDLVEKKTIDLRSHYERLANLRRSHILELTSVIFPIEEVKTGVRDPADVSSESDSAMTSSTVSKLAEARRTTYLSGRWVCDDHNGDTSISITGPWISLPNNGDYSAYYSWVEEKKTTQGPDMEQSNPAYTISAALCYATQLVNILSHILDVNLPKKLCNSEFCGENLSKQKFTRAVKKLNANILYLCFSQHVNLDQLQPLHTLRNLMYLVSPSSEHLGRSGPFEVRADLEESMEFVDPGVAGESDESGDERVSDEETDLGTDWENLPSPRFCDIPSQSVEVSQSQSTQASPPIASSSAGGMISSAAASVTSWFKAYTGHR ATG14 family Required for both basal and inducible autophagy. Determines the localization of the autophagy-specific PI3-kinase complex PI3KC3-C1. Plays a role in autophagosome formation and MAP1LC3/LC3 conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine. Promotes BECN1 translocation from the trans-Golgi network to autophagosomes . Enhances PIK3C3 activity in a BECN1-dependent manner. Essential for the autophagy-dependent phosphorylation of BECN1. Stimulates the phosphorylation of BECN1, but suppresses the phosphorylation PIK3C3 by AMPK. Binds to STX17-SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex on autophagosomes and primes it for VAMP8 interaction to promote autophagosome-endolysosome fusion. Modulates the hepatic lipid metabolism (By similarity). M6ATAR00197 Beclin-1 (BECN1) Coiled-coil myosin-like BCL2-interacting protein; Protein GT197; GT197 BECN1_HUMAN hsa:8678 HGNC:1034 . ENSG00000126581 8678 BECN1 Protein coding 17q21.31 MEGSKTSNNSTMQVSFVCQRCSQPLKLDTSFKILDRVTIQELTAPLLTTAQAKPGETQEEETNSGEEPFIETPRQDGVSRRFIPPARMMSTESANSFTLIGEASDGGTMENLSRRLKVTGDLFDIMSGQTDVDHPLCEECTDTLLDQLDTQLNVTENECQNYKRCLEILEQMNEDDSEQLQMELKELALEEERLIQELEDVEKNRKIVAENLEKVQAEAERLDQEEAQYQREYSEFKRQQLELDDELKSVENQMRYAQTQLDKLKKTNVFNATFHIWHSGQFGTINNFRLGRLPSVPVEWNEINAAWGQTVLLLHALANKMGLKFQRYRLVPYGNHSYLESLTDKSKELPLYCSGGLRFFWDNKFDHAMVAFLDCVQQFKEEVEKGETRFCLPYRMDVEKGKIEDTGGSGGSYSIKTQFNSEEQWTKALKFMLTNLKWGLAWVSSQFYNK beclin family Plays a central role in autophagy. Acts as core subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2. Essential for the formation of PI3KC3-C2 but not PI3KC3-C1 PI3K complex forms. Involved in endocytosis. Protects against infection by a neurovirulent strain of Sindbis virus. May play a role in antiviral host defense. Beclin-1-C 35 kDa localized to mitochondria can promote apoptosis; it induces the mitochondrial translocation of BAX and the release of proapoptotic factors. M6ATAR00386 Beclin-1 associated RUN domain containing protein (RUBCN/Rubicon) Rubicon; Beclin-1 associated RUN domain containing protein; Baron; KIAA0226 RUBIC_HUMAN hsa:9711 HGNC:28991 . ENSG00000145016 9711 RUBCN Protein coding 3q29 MRPEGAGMELGGGEERLPEESRREHWQLLGNLKTTVEGLVSTNSPNVWSKYGGLERLCRDMQSILYHGLIRDQACRRQTDYWQFVKDIRWLSPHSALHVEKFISVHENDQSSADGASERAVAELWLQHSLQYHCLSAQLRPLLGDRQYIRKFYTDAAFLLSDAHVTAMLQCLEAVEQNNPRLLAQIDASMFARKHESPLLVTKSQSLTALPSSTYTPPNSYAQHSYFGSFSSLHQSVPNNGSERRSTSFPLSGPPRKPQESRGHVSPAEDQTIQAPPVSVSALARDSPLTPNEMSSSTLTSPIEASWVSSQNDSPGDASEGPEYLAIGNLDPRGRTASCQSHSSNAESSSSNLFSSSSSQKPDSAASSLGDQEGGGESQLSSVLRRSSFSEGQTLTVTSGAKKSHIRSHSDTSIASRGAPESCNDKAKLRGPLPYSGQSSEVSTPSSLYMEYEGGRYLCSGEGMFRRPSEGQSLISYLSEQDFGSCADLEKENAHFSISESLIAAIELMKCNMMSQCLEEEEVEEEDSDREIQELKQKIRLRRQQIRTKNLLPMYQEAEHGSFRVTSSSSQFSSRDSAQLSDSGSADEVDEFEIQDADIRRNTASSSKSFVSSQSFSHCFLHSTSAEAVAMGLLKQFEGMQLPAASELEWLVPEHDAPQKLLPIPDSLPISPDDGQHADIYKLRIRVRGNLEWAPPRPQIIFNVHPAPTRKIAVAKQNYRCAGCGIRTDPDYIKRLRYCEYLGKYFCQCCHENAQMAIPSRVLRKWDFSKYYVSNFSKDLLIKIWNDPLFNVQDINSALYRKVKLLNQVRLLRVQLCHMKNMFKTCRLAKELLDSFDTVPGHLTEDLHLYSLNDLTATRKGELGPRLAELTRAGATHVERCMLCQAKGFICEFCQNEDDIIFPFELHKCRTCEECKACYHKACFKSGSCPRCERLQARREALARQSLESYLSDYEEEPAEALALEAAVLEAT . Inhibits PIK3C3 activity; under basal conditions negatively regulates PI3K complex II (PI3KC3-C2) function in autophagy. Negatively regulates endosome maturation and degradative endocytic trafficking and impairs autophagosome maturation process. Can sequester UVRAG from association with a class C Vps complex (possibly the HOPS complex) and negatively regulates Rab7 activation; Involved in regulation of pathogen-specific host defense of activated macrophages. Following bacterial infection promotes NADH oxidase activity by association with CYBA thereby affecting TLR2 signaling and probably other TLR-NOX pathways. Stabilizes the CYBA:CYBB NADPH oxidase heterodimer, increases its association with TLR2 and its phagosome trafficking to induce antimicrobial burst of ROS and production of inflammatory cytokines . Following fungal or viral infection (implicating CLEC7A (dectin-1)-mediated myeloid cell activation or DDX58/RIG-I-dependent sensing of RNA viruses) negatively regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production by association with CARD9 and sequestering it from signaling complexes. M6ATAR00614 Beta-catenin-interacting protein 1 (CTNNBIP1) Inhibitor of beta-catenin and Tcf-4 CNBP1_HUMAN hsa:56998 HGNC:16913 . ENSG00000178585 56998 CTNNBIP1 Protein coding 1p36.22 MNREGAPGKSPEEMYIQQKVRVLLMLRKMGSNLTASEEEFLRTYAGVVNSQLSQLPPHSIDQGAEDVVMAFSRSETEDRRQ CTNNBIP1 family Prevents the interaction between CTNNB1 and TCF family members, and acts as negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. M6ATAR00756 Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 2 (BACE2) AEPLC; ALP56; ASP21; Beta-secretase 2; EC 3.4.23.45 ; Aspartic-like protease 56 kDa ; Aspartyl protease 1; ASP1; Asp 1 ; Beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 2; Beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 2 ; Down region aspartic protease; DRAP ; Memapsin-1 ; Membrane-associated aspartic protease 1 ; Theta-secretase BACE2_HUMAN hsa:25825 HGNC:934 . ENSG00000182240.16 25825 BACE2 Protein coding 21q22.2-q22.3 MGALARALLLPLLAQWLLRAAPELAPAPFTLPLRVAAATNRVVAPTPGPGTPAERHADGLALALEPALASPAGAANFLAMVDNLQGDSGRGYYLEMLIGTPPQKLQILVDTGSSNFAVAGTPHSYIDTYFDTERSSTYRSKGFDVTVKYTQGSWTGFVGEDLVTIPKGFNTSFLVNIATIFESENFFLPGIKWNGILGLAYATLAKPSSSLETFFDSLVTQANIPNVFSMQMCGAGLPVAGSGTNGGSLVLGGIEPSLYKGDIWYTPIKEEWYYQIEILKLEIGGQSLNLDCREYNADKAIVDSGTTLLRLPQKVFDAVVEAVARASLIPEFSDGFWTGSQLACWTNSETPWSYFPKISIYLRDENSSRSFRITILPQLYIQPMMGAGLNYECYRFGISPSTNALVIGATVMEGFYVIFDRAQKRVGFAASPCAEIAGAAVSEISGPFSTEDVASNCVPAQSLSEPILWIVSYALMSVCGAILLVLIVLLLLPFRCQRRPRDPEVVNDESSLVRHRWK Peptidase A1 family Responsible for the proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Cleaves APP, between residues 690 and 691, leading to the generation and extracellular release of beta-cleaved soluble APP, and a corresponding cell-associated C-terminal fragment which is later released by gamma-secretase. It has also been shown that it can cleave APP between residues 671 and 672. Responsible also for the proteolytic processing of CLTRN in pancreatic beta cells. M6ATAR00200 Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) BMP-2; Bone morphogenetic protein 2A; BMP-2A; BMP2A BMP2_HUMAN hsa:650 HGNC:1069 . ENSG00000125845 650 BMP2 Protein coding 20p12.3 MVAGTRCLLALLLPQVLLGGAAGLVPELGRRKFAAASSGRPSSQPSDEVLSEFELRLLSMFGLKQRPTPSRDAVVPPYMLDLYRRHSGQPGSPAPDHRLERAASRANTVRSFHHEESLEELPETSGKTTRRFFFNLSSIPTEEFITSAELQVFREQMQDALGNNSSFHHRINIYEIIKPATANSKFPVTRLLDTRLVNQNASRWESFDVTPAVMRWTAQGHANHGFVVEVAHLEEKQGVSKRHVRISRSLHQDEHSWSQIRPLLVTFGHDGKGHPLHKREKRQAKHKQRKRLKSSCKRHPLYVDFSDVGWNDWIVAPPGYHAFYCHGECPFPLADHLNSTNHAIVQTLVNSVNSKIPKACCVPTELSAISMLYLDENEKVVLKNYQDMVVEGCGCR TGF-beta family Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Induces cartilage and bone formation. Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2. Once all three components are bound together in a complex at the cell surface, BMPR2 phosphorylates and activates BMPR1A. In turn, BMPR1A propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target genes. Can also signal through non-canonical pathways such as ERK/MAP kinase signaling cascade that regulates osteoblast differentiation. Stimulates also the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts via the EIF2AK3-EIF2A-ATF4 pathway by stimulating EIF2A phosphorylation which leads to increased expression of ATF4 which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation. M6ATAR00199 Brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (Bmal1/ARNTL) Basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS protein MOP3; Brain and muscle ARNT-like 1; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 5; bHLHe5; Member of PAS protein 3; PAS domain-containing protein 3; bHLH-PAS protein JAP3; BHLHE5; BMAL1; MOP3; PASD3 BMAL1_HUMAN hsa:406 HGNC:701 . ENSG00000133794 406 ARNTL Protein coding 11p15.3 MADQRMDISSTISDFMSPGPTDLLSSSLGTSGVDCNRKRKGSSTDYQESMDTDKDDPHGRLEYTEHQGRIKNAREAHSQIEKRRRDKMNSFIDELASLVPTCNAMSRKLDKLTVLRMAVQHMKTLRGATNPYTEANYKPTFLSDDELKHLILRAADGFLFVVGCDRGKILFVSESVFKILNYSQNDLIGQSLFDYLHPKDIAKVKEQLSSSDTAPRERLIDAKTGLPVKTDITPGPSRLCSGARRSFFCRMKCNRPSVKVEDKDFPSTCSKKKADRKSFCTIHSTGYLKSWPPTKMGLDEDNEPDNEGCNLSCLVAIGRLHSHVVPQPVNGEIRVKSMEYVSRHAIDGKFVFVDQRATAILAYLPQELLGTSCYEYFHQDDIGHLAECHRQVLQTREKITTNCYKFKIKDGSFITLRSRWFSFMNPWTKEVEYIVSTNTVVLANVLEGGDPTFPQLTASPHSMDSMLPSGEGGPKRTHPTVPGIPGGTRAGAGKIGRMIAEEIMEIHRIRGSSPSSCGSSPLNITSTPPPDASSPGGKKILNGGTPDIPSSGLLSGQAQENPGYPYSDSSSILGENPHIGIDMIDNDQGSSSPSNDEAAMAVIMSLLEADAGLGGPVDFSDLPWPL . Transcriptional activator which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1, ARNTL2/BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a period shorter and longer than 24 hours, respectively. Disruptions in the circadian rhythms contribute to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging. A transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) forms the core of the molecular circadian clock mechanism. Transcription factors, CLOCK or NPAS2 and ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, form the positive limb of the feedback loop, act in the form of a heterodimer and activate the transcription of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes (involved in key metabolic processes), harboring E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') within their promoters. The core clock genes: PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2 which are transcriptional repressors form the negative limb of the feedback loop and interact with the CLOCK|NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1|ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer inhibiting its activity and thereby negatively regulating their own expression. This heterodimer also activates nuclear receptors NR1D1/2 and RORA/B/G, which form a second feedback loop and which activate and repress ARNTL/BMAL1 transcription, respectively. ARNTL/BMAL1 positively regulates myogenesis and negatively regulates adipogenesis via the transcriptional control of the genes of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Plays a role in normal pancreatic beta-cell function; regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion via the regulation of antioxidant genes NFE2L2/NRF2 and its targets SESN2, PRDX3, CCLC and CCLM. Negatively regulates the mTORC1 signaling pathway; regulates the expression of MTOR and DEPTOR. Controls diurnal oscillations of Ly6C inflammatory monocytes; rhythmic recruitment of the PRC2 complex imparts diurnal variation to chemokine expression that is necessary to sustain Ly6C monocyte rhythms. Regulates the expression of HSD3B2, STAR, PTGS2, CYP11A1, CYP19A1 and LHCGR in the ovary and also the genes involved in hair growth. Plays an important role in adult hippocampal neurogenesis by regulating the timely entry of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) into the cell cycle and the number of cell divisions that take place prior to cell-cycle exit. Regulates the circadian expression of CIART and KLF11. The CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer regulates the circadian expression of SERPINE1/PAI1, VWF, B3, CCRN4L/NOC, NAMPT, DBP, MYOD1, PPARGC1A, PPARGC1B, SIRT1, GYS2, F7, NGFR, GNRHR, BHLHE40/DEC1, ATF4, MTA1, KLF10 and also genes implicated in glucose and lipid metabolism. Promotes rhythmic chromatin opening, regulating the DNA accessibility of other transcription factors. The NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer positively regulates the expression of MAOA, F7 and LDHA and modulates the circadian rhythm of daytime contrast sensitivity by regulating the rhythmic expression of adenylate cyclase type 1 (ADCY1) in the retina. The preferred binding motif for the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer is 5'-CACGTGA-3', which contains a flanking Ala residue in addition to the canonical 6-nucleotide E-box sequence. CLOCK specifically binds to the half-site 5'-CAC-3', while ARNTL binds to the half-site 5'-GTGA-3'. The CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer also recognizes the non-canonical E-box motifs 5'-AACGTGA-3' and 5'-CATGTGA-3'. Essential for the rhythmic interaction of CLOCK with ASS1 and plays a critical role in positively regulating CLOCK-mediated acetylation of ASS1. Plays a role in protecting against lethal sepsis by limiting the expression of immune checkpoint protein CD274 in macrophages in a PKM2-dependent manner (By similarity). Regulates the diurnal rhythms of skeletal muscle metabolism via transcriptional activation of genes promoting triglyceride synthesis (DGAT2) and metabolic efficiency (COQ10B) (By similarity). (Microbial infection) Regulates SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication in lung epithelial cells probably through the post-transcriptional regulation of ACE2 and interferon-stimulated gene expression. M6ATAR00707 Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1) RING finger protein 53; RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase BRCA1 BRCA1_HUMAN hsa:672 HGNC:1100 . ENSG00000012048 672 BRCA1 Protein coding 17q21.31 MDLSALRVEEVQNVINAMQKILECPICLELIKEPVSTKCDHIFCKFCMLKLLNQKKGPSQCPLCKNDITKRSLQESTRFSQLVEELLKIICAFQLDTGLEYANSYNFAKKENNSPEHLKDEVSIIQSMGYRNRAKRLLQSEPENPSLQETSLSVQLSNLGTVRTLRTKQRIQPQKTSVYIELGSDSSEDTVNKATYCSVGDQELLQITPQGTRDEISLDSAKKAACEFSETDVTNTEHHQPSNNDLNTTEKRAAERHPEKYQGSSVSNLHVEPCGTNTHASSLQHENSSLLLTKDRMNVEKAEFCNKSKQPGLARSQHNRWAGSKETCNDRRTPSTEKKVDLNADPLCERKEWNKQKLPCSENPRDTEDVPWITLNSSIQKVNEWFSRSDELLGSDDSHDGESESNAKVADVLDVLNEVDEYSGSSEKIDLLASDPHEALICKSERVHSKSVESNIEDKIFGKTYRKKASLPNLSHVTENLIIGAFVTEPQIIQERPLTNKLKRKRRPTSGLHPEDFIKKADLAVQKTPEMINQGTNQTEQNGQVMNITNSGHENKTKGDSIQNEKNPNPIESLEKESAFKTKAEPISSSISNMELELNIHNSKAPKKNRLRRKSSTRHIHALELVVSRNLSPPNCTELQIDSCSSSEEIKKKKYNQMPVRHSRNLQLMEGKEPATGAKKSNKPNEQTSKRHDSDTFPELKLTNAPGSFTKCSNTSELKEFVNPSLPREEKEEKLETVKVSNNAEDPKDLMLSGERVLQTERSVESSSISLVPGTDYGTQESISLLEVSTLGKAKTEPNKCVSQCAAFENPKGLIHGCSKDNRNDTEGFKYPLGHEVNHSRETSIEMEESELDAQYLQNTFKVSKRQSFAPFSNPGNAEEECATFSAHSGSLKKQSPKVTFECEQKEENQGKNESNIKPVQTVNITAGFPVVGQKDKPVDNAKCSIKGGSRFCLSSQFRGNETGLITPNKHGLLQNPYRIPPLFPIKSFVKTKCKKNLLEENFEEHSMSPEREMGNENIPSTVSTISRNNIRENVFKEASSSNINEVGSSTNEVGSSINEIGSSDENIQAELGRNRGPKLNAMLRLGVLQPEVYKQSLPGSNCKHPEIKKQEYEEVVQTVNTDFSPYLISDNLEQPMGSSHASQVCSETPDDLLDDGEIKEDTSFAENDIKESSAVFSKSVQKGELSRSPSPFTHTHLAQGYRRGAKKLESSEENLSSEDEELPCFQHLLFGKVNNIPSQSTRHSTVATECLSKNTEENLLSLKNSLNDCSNQVILAKASQEHHLSEETKCSASLFSSQCSELEDLTANTNTQDPFLIGSSKQMRHQSESQGVGLSDKELVSDDEERGTGLEENNQEEQSMDSNLGEAASGCESETSVSEDCSGLSSQSDILTTQQRDTMQHNLIKLQQEMAELEAVLEQHGSQPSNSYPSIISDSSALEDLRNPEQSTSEKAVLTSQKSSEYPISQNPEGLSADKFEVSADSSTSKNKEPGVERSSPSKCPSLDDRWYMHSCSGSLQNRNYPSQEELIKVVDVEEQQLEESGPHDLTETSYLPRQDLEGTPYLESGISLFSDDPESDPSEDRAPESARVGNIPSSTSALKVPQLKVAESAQSPAAAHTTDTAGYNAMEESVSREKPELTASTERVNKRMSMVVSGLTPEEFMLVYKFARKHHITLTNLITEETTHVVMKTDAEFVCERTLKYFLGIAGGKWVVSYFWVTQSIKERKMLNEHDFEVRGDVVNGRNHQGPKRARESQDRKIFRGLEICCYGPFTNMPTDQLEWMVQLCGASVVKELSSFTLGTGVHPIVVVQPDAWTEDNGFHAIGQMCEAPVVTREWVLDSVALYQCQELDTYLIPQIPHSHY . E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that specifically mediates the formation of 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitin chains and plays a central role in DNA repair by facilitating cellular responses to DNA damage. It is unclear whether it also mediates the formation of other types of polyubiquitin chains. The BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer coordinates a diverse range of cellular pathways such as DNA damage repair, ubiquitination and transcriptional regulation to maintain genomic stability. Regulates centrosomal microtubule nucleation. Required for appropriate cell cycle arrests after ionizing irradiation in both the S-phase and the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Required for FANCD2 targeting to sites of DNA damage . Inhibits lipid synthesis by binding to inactive phosphorylated ACACA and preventing its dephosphorylation. Contributes to homologous recombination repair (HRR) via its direct interaction with PALB2, fine-tunes recombinational repair partly through its modulatory role in the PALB2-dependent loading of BRCA2-RAD51 repair machinery at DNA breaks. Component of the BRCA1-RBBP8 complex which regulates CHEK1 activation and controls cell cycle G2/M checkpoints on DNA damage via BRCA1-mediated ubiquitination of RBBP8. Acts as a transcriptional activator. M6ATAR00472 Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (BCRP/ABCG2) . ABCG2_HUMAN hsa:9429 HGNC:74 . ENSG00000118777 . ABCG2 Protein coding . MSSSNVEVFIPVSQGNTNGFPATASNDLKAFTEGAVLSFHNICYRVKLKSGFLPCRKPVEKEILSNINGIMKPGLNAILGPTGGGKSSLLDVLAARKDPSGLSGDVLINGAPRPANFKCNSGYVVQDDVVMGTLTVRENLQFSAALRLATTMTNHEKNERINRVIQELGLDKVADSKVGTQFIRGVSGGERKRTSIGMELITDPSILFLDEPTTGLDSSTANAVLLLLKRMSKQGRTIIFSIHQPRYSIFKLFDSLTLLASGRLMFHGPAQEALGYFESAGYHCEAYNNPADFFLDIINGDSTAVALNREEDFKATEIIEPSKQDKPLIEKLAEIYVNSSFYKETKAELHQLSGGEKKKKITVFKEISYTTSFCHQLRWVSKRSFKNLLGNPQASIAQIIVTVVLGLVIGAIYFGLKNDSTGIQNRAGVLFFLTTNQCFSSVSAVELFVVEKKLFIHEYISGYYRVSSYFLGKLLSDLLPMRMLPSIIFTCIVYFMLGLKPKADAFFVMMFTLMMVAYSASSMALAIAAGQSVVSVATLLMTICFVFMMIFSGLLVNLTTIASWLSWLQYFSIPRYGFTALQHNEFLGQNFCPGLNATGNNPCNYATCTGEEYLVKQGIDLSPWGLWKNHVALACMIVIFLTIAYLKLLFLKKYS ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. Eye pigment precursor importer (TC 3.A.1.204) subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells . Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme. Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells. Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion . In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (By similarity). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates. Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (By similarity). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (By similarity). Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (Probable). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux . In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (By similarity). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (By similarity). M6ATAR00145 CACNA1G antisense RNA 1 (CACNA1G-AS1) CACNA1G-AS1; CACNA1G antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding); CAS1 . . HGNC:27377 . ENSG00000250107 253962 CACNA1G-AS1 LncRNA 17q21.33 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00696 Cadherin-1 (CDH1) CAM 120/80; Epithelial cadherin; E-cadherin; Uvomorulin; CD324 CADH1_HUMAN hsa:999 HGNC:1748 . ENSG00000039068 999 CDH1 Protein coding 16q22.1 MGPWSRSLSALLLLLQVSSWLCQEPEPCHPGFDAESYTFTVPRRHLERGRVLGRVNFEDCTGRQRTAYFSLDTRFKVGTDGVITVKRPLRFHNPQIHFLVYAWDSTYRKFSTKVTLNTVGHHHRPPPHQASVSGIQAELLTFPNSSPGLRRQKRDWVIPPISCPENEKGPFPKNLVQIKSNKDKEGKVFYSITGQGADTPPVGVFIIERETGWLKVTEPLDRERIATYTLFSHAVSSNGNAVEDPMEILITVTDQNDNKPEFTQEVFKGSVMEGALPGTSVMEVTATDADDDVNTYNAAIAYTILSQDPELPDKNMFTINRNTGVISVVTTGLDRESFPTYTLVVQAADLQGEGLSTTATAVITVTDTNDNPPIFNPTTYKGQVPENEANVVITTLKVTDADAPNTPAWEAVYTILNDDGGQFVVTTNPVNNDGILKTAKGLDFEAKQQYILHVAVTNVVPFEVSLTTSTATVTVDVLDVNEAPIFVPPEKRVEVSEDFGVGQEITSYTAQEPDTFMEQKITYRIWRDTANWLEINPDTGAISTRAELDREDFEHVKNSTYTALIIATDNGSPVATGTGTLLLILSDVNDNAPIPEPRTIFFCERNPKPQVINIIDADLPPNTSPFTAELTHGASANWTIQYNDPTQESIILKPKMALEVGDYKINLKLMDNQNKDQVTTLEVSVCDCEGAAGVCRKAQPVEAGLQIPAILGILGGILALLILILLLLLFLRRRAVVKEPLLPPEDDTRDNVYYYDEEGGGEEDQDFDLSQLHRGLDARPEVTRNDVAPTLMSVPRYLPRPANPDEIGNFIDENLKAADTDPTAPPYDSLLVFDYEGSGSEAASLSSLNSSESDKDQDYDYLNEWGNRFKKLADMYGGGEDD . Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. CDH1 is involved in mechanisms regulating cell-cell adhesions, mobility and proliferation of epithelial cells. Has a potent invasive suppressor role. It is a ligand for integrin alpha-E/beta-7; E-Cad/CTF2 promotes non-amyloidogenic degradation of Abeta precursors. Has a strong inhibitory effect on APP C99 and C83 production; (Microbial infection) Serves as a receptor for Listeria monocytogenes; internalin A (InlA) binds to this protein and promotes uptake of the bacteria. M6ATAR00202 Cadherin-2 (CDH2/N-cadherin) . CADH2_HUMAN hsa:1000 HGNC:1759 . ENSG00000170558 1000 CDH2 Protein coding 18q12.1 MCRIAGALRTLLPLLAALLQASVEASGEIALCKTGFPEDVYSAVLSKDVHEGQPLLNVKFSNCNGKRKVQYESSEPADFKVDEDGMVYAVRSFPLSSEHAKFLIYAQDKETQEKWQVAVKLSLKPTLTEESVKESAEVEEIVFPRQFSKHSGHLQRQKRDWVIPPINLPENSRGPFPQELVRIRSDRDKNLSLRYSVTGPGADQPPTGIFIINPISGQLSVTKPLDREQIARFHLRAHAVDINGNQVENPIDIVINVIDMNDNRPEFLHQVWNGTVPEGSKPGTYVMTVTAIDADDPNALNGMLRYRIVSQAPSTPSPNMFTINNETGDIITVAAGLDREKVQQYTLIIQATDMEGNPTYGLSNTATAVITVTDVNDNPPEFTAMTFYGEVPENRVDIIVANLTVTDKDQPHTPAWNAVYRISGGDPTGRFAIQTDPNSNDGLVTVVKPIDFETNRMFVLTVAAENQVPLAKGIQHPPQSTATVSVTVIDVNENPYFAPNPKIIRQEEGLHAGTMLTTFTAQDPDRYMQQNIRYTKLSDPANWLKIDPVNGQITTIAVLDRESPNVKNNIYNATFLASDNGIPPMSGTGTLQIYLLDINDNAPQVLPQEAETCETPDPNSINITALDYDIDPNAGPFAFDLPLSPVTIKRNWTITRLNGDFAQLNLKIKFLEAGIYEVPIIITDSGNPPKSNISILRVKVCQCDSNGDCTDVDRIVGAGLGTGAIIAILLCIIILLILVLMFVVWMKRRDKERQAKQLLIDPEDDVRDNILKYDEEGGGEEDQDYDLSQLQQPDTVEPDAIKPVGIRRMDERPIHAEPQYPVRSAAPHPGDIGDFINEGLKAADNDPTAPPYDSLLVFDYEGSGSTAGSLSSLNSSSSGGEQDYDYLNDWGPRFKKLADMYGGGDD . Calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein; preferentially mediates homotypic cell-cell adhesion by dimerization with a CDH2 chain from another cell. Cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. Acts as a regulator of neural stem cells quiescence by mediating anchorage of neural stem cells to ependymocytes in the adult subependymal zone: upon cleavage by MMP24, CDH2-mediated anchorage is affected, leading to modulate neural stem cell quiescence. Plays a role in cell-to-cell junction formation between pancreatic beta cells and neural crest stem (NCS) cells, promoting the formation of processes by NCS cells (By similarity). CDH2 may be involved in neuronal recognition mechanism. In hippocampal neurons, may regulate dendritic spine density. M6ATAR00309 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2) CaM-KK 2; CaM-kinase kinase 2; CaMKK 2; Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta; CaM-KK beta; CaM-kinase kinase beta; CaMKK beta; CAMKKB; KIAA0787 KKCC2_HUMAN hsa:10645 HGNC:1470 . ENSG00000110931 10645 CAMKK2 Protein coding 12q24.31 MSSCVSSQPSSNRAAPQDELGGRGSSSSESQKPCEALRGLSSLSIHLGMESFIVVTECEPGCAVDLGLARDRPLEADGQEVPLDTSGSQARPHLSGRKLSLQERSQGGLAAGGSLDMNGRCICPSLPYSPVSSPQSSPRLPRRPTVESHHVSITGMQDCVQLNQYTLKDEIGKGSYGVVKLAYNENDNTYYAMKVLSKKKLIRQAGFPRRPPPRGTRPAPGGCIQPRGPIEQVYQEIAILKKLDHPNVVKLVEVLDDPNEDHLYMVFELVNQGPVMEVPTLKPLSEDQARFYFQDLIKGIEYLHYQKIIHRDIKPSNLLVGEDGHIKIADFGVSNEFKGSDALLSNTVGTPAFMAPESLSETRKIFSGKALDVWAMGVTLYCFVFGQCPFMDERIMCLHSKIKSQALEFPDQPDIAEDLKDLITRMLDKNPESRIVVPEIKLHPWVTRHGAEPLPSEDENCTLVEVTEEEVENSVKHIPSLATVILVKTMIRKRSFGNPFEGSRREERSLSAPGNLLTKKPTRECESLSELKEARQRRQPPGHRPAPRGGGGSALVRGSPCVESCWAPAPGSPARMHPLRPEEAMEPE protein kinase superfamily; Ser/Thr protein kinase family Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase belonging to a proposed calcium-triggered signaling cascade involved in a number of cellular processes. Isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3 phosphorylate CAMK1 and CAMK4. Isoform 3 phosphorylates CAMK1D. Isoform 4, isoform 5 and isoform 6 lacking part of the calmodulin-binding domain are inactive. Efficiently phosphorylates 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) trimer, including that consisting of PRKAA1, PRKAB1 and PRKAG1. This phosphorylation is stimulated in response to Ca(2+) signals (By similarity). Seems to be involved in hippocampal activation of CREB1 (By similarity). May play a role in neurite growth. Isoform 3 may promote neurite elongation, while isoform 1 may promoter neurite branching. M6ATAR00087 Cancer susceptibility 9 (CASC9) CASC9; cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (non-protein coding); cancer susceptibility 9 (non-protein coding); LINC00981; ESCCAL-1; linc-JPH1; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 981; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated lncRNA-1 . . HGNC:48906 . ENSG00000249395 101805492 CASC9 LncRNA 8q21.13 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00220 Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform (CPT1B) CPT1-M; Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase I, muscle isoform; CPT I; CPTI-M; Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B; Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I-like protein; KIAA1670 CPT1B_HUMAN hsa:1375 HGNC:2329 . ENSG00000205560 1375 CPT1B Protein coding 22q13.33 MAEAHQAVAFQFTVTPDGVDFRLSREALKHVYLSGINSWKKRLIRIKNGILRGVYPGSPTSWLVVIMATVGSSFCNVDISLGLVSCIQRCLPQGCGPYQTPQTRALLSMAIFSTGVWVTGIFFFRQTLKLLLCYHGWMFEMHGKTSNLTRIWAMCIRLLSSRHPMLYSFQTSLPKLPVPRVSATIQRYLESVRPLLDDEEYYRMELLAKEFQDKTAPRLQKYLVLKSWWASNYVSDWWEEYIYLRGRSPLMVNSNYYVMDLVLIKNTDVQAARLGNIIHAMIMYRRKLDREEIKPVMALGIVPMCSYQMERMFNTTRIPGKDTDVLQHLSDSRHVAVYHKGRFFKLWLYEGARLLKPQDLEMQFQRILDDPSPPQPGEEKLAALTAGGRVEWAQARQAFFSSGKNKAALEAIERAAFFVALDEESYSYDPEDEASLSLYGKALLHGNCYNRWFDKSFTLISFKNGQLGLNAEHAWADAPIIGHLWEFVLGTDSFHLGYTETGHCLGKPNPALAPPTRLQWDIPKQCQAVIESSYQVAKALADDVELYCFQFLPFGKGLIKKCRTSPDAFVQIALQLAHFRDRGKFCLTYEASMTRMFREGRTETVRSCTSESTAFVQAMMEGSHTKADLRDLFQKAAKKHQNMYRLAMTGAGIDRHLFCLYLVSKYLGVSSPFLAEVLSEPWRLSTSQIPQSQIRMFDPEQHPNHLGAGGGFGPVADDGYGVSYMIAGENTIFFHISSKFSSSETNAQRFGNHIRKALLDIADLFQVPKAYS carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family . M6ATAR00221 Casein kinase II subunit alpha' (CSNK2A2) CK II alpha'; CK2A2 CSK22_HUMAN hsa:1459 HGNC:2459 . ENSG00000070770 1459 CSNK2A2 Protein coding 16q21 MPGPAAGSRARVYAEVNSLRSREYWDYEAHVPSWGNQDDYQLVRKLGRGKYSEVFEAINITNNERVVVKILKPVKKKKIKREVKILENLRGGTNIIKLIDTVKDPVSKTPALVFEYINNTDFKQLYQILTDFDIRFYMYELLKALDYCHSKGIMHRDVKPHNVMIDHQQKKLRLIDWGLAEFYHPAQEYNVRVASRYFKGPELLVDYQMYDYSLDMWSLGCMLASMIFRREPFFHGQDNYDQLVRIAKVLGTEELYGYLKKYHIDLDPHFNDILGQHSRKRWENFIHSENRHLVSPEALDLLDKLLRYDHQQRLTAKEAMEHPYFYPVVKEQSQPCADNAVLSSGLTAAR protein kinase superfamily; Ser/Thr protein kinase family; CK2 subfamily Catalytic subunit of a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase complex that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine. Regulates numerous cellular processes, such as cell cycle progression, apoptosis and transcription, as well as viral infection. May act as a regulatory node which integrates and coordinates numerous signals leading to an appropriate cellular response. During mitosis, functions as a component of the p53/TP53-dependent spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) that maintains cyclin-B-CDK1 activity and G2 arrest in response to spindle damage. Also required for p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis, phosphorylating 'Ser-392' of p53/TP53 following UV irradiation. Can also negatively regulate apoptosis. Phosphorylates the caspases CASP9 and CASP2 and the apoptotic regulator NOL3. Phosphorylation protects CASP9 from cleavage and activation by CASP8, and inhibits the dimerization of CASP2 and activation of CASP8. Regulates transcription by direct phosphorylation of RNA polymerases I, II, III and IV. Also phosphorylates and regulates numerous transcription factors including NF-kappa-B, STAT1, CREB1, IRF1, IRF2, ATF1, SRF, MAX, JUN, FOS, MYC and MYB. Phosphorylates Hsp90 and its co-chaperones FKBP4 and CDC37, which is essential for chaperone function. Regulates Wnt signaling by phosphorylating CTNNB1 and the transcription factor LEF1. Acts as an ectokinase that phosphorylates several extracellular proteins. During viral infection, phosphorylates various proteins involved in the viral life cycles of EBV, HSV, HBV, HCV, HIV, CMV and HPV. M6ATAR00203 Caspase-3 (CASP3) CASP-3; Apopain; Cysteine protease CPP32; CPP-32; Protein Yama; SREBP cleavage activity 1; SCA-1; CPP32 CASP3_HUMAN hsa:836 HGNC:1504 . ENSG00000164305 836 CASP3 Protein coding 4q35.1 MENTENSVDSKSIKNLEPKIIHGSESMDSGISLDNSYKMDYPEMGLCIIINNKNFHKSTGMTSRSGTDVDAANLRETFRNLKYEVRNKNDLTREEIVELMRDVSKEDHSKRSSFVCVLLSHGEEGIIFGTNGPVDLKKITNFFRGDRCRSLTGKPKLFIIQACRGTELDCGIETDSGVDDDMACHKIPVEADFLYAYSTAPGYYSWRNSKDGSWFIQSLCAMLKQYADKLEFMHILTRVNRKVATEFESFSFDATFHAKKQIPCIVSMLTKELYFYH peptidase C14A family Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a '216-Asp-|-Gly-217' bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage. Cleaves and inhibits serine/threonine-protein kinase AKT1 in response to oxidative stress. Acts as an inhibitor of type I interferon production during virus-induced apoptosis by mediating cleavage of antiviral proteins CGAS, IRF3 and MAVS, thereby preventing cytokine overproduction. Cleaves XRCC4 and phospholipid scramblase proteins XKR4, XKR8 and XKR9, leading to promote phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface. M6ATAR00204 Caspase-4 (CASP4) CASP-4; ICE and Ced-3 homolog 2; ICH-2; ICE(rel)-II; Mih1; Protease TX; ICH2 CASP4_HUMAN hsa:837 HGNC:1505 . ENSG00000196954 837 CASP4 Protein coding 11q22.3 MAEGNHRKKPLKVLESLGKDFLTGVLDNLVEQNVLNWKEEEKKKYYDAKTEDKVRVMADSMQEKQRMAGQMLLQTFFNIDQISPNKKAHPNMEAGPPESGESTDALKLCPHEEFLRLCKERAEEIYPIKERNNRTRLALIICNTEFDHLPPRNGADFDITGMKELLEGLDYSVDVEENLTARDMESALRAFATRPEHKSSDSTFLVLMSHGILEGICGTVHDEKKPDVLLYDTIFQIFNNRNCLSLKDKPKVIIVQACRGANRGELWVRDSPASLEVASSQSSENLEEDAVYKTHVEKDFIAFCSSTPHNVSWRDSTMGSIFITQLITCFQKYSWCCHLEEVFRKVQQSFETPRAKAQMPTIERLSMTRYFYLFPGN peptidase C14A family Inflammatory caspase that acts as an essential effector of the NLRP3 and NLRP6 inflammasomes by mediating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pyroptosis. Thiol protease that cleaves a tetrapeptide after an Asp residue at position P1: catalyzes cleavage of CGAS, GSDMD and IL18. Required for innate immunity to cytosolic, but not vacuolar, bacteria (By similarity). Plays a key role in NLRP3-dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B and IL18 secretion in response to non-canonical activators, such as UVB radiation, cholera enterotoxin subunit B and cytosolic LPS. Activated by direct binding to LPS without the need of an upstream sensor. Involved in NLRP6 inflammasome-dependent activation in response to lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell-wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, which leads to CASP1 activation and IL1B and IL18 secretion. Independently of NLRP3 inflammasome and CASP1, promotes pyroptosis, through GSDMD cleavage and activation, followed by IL1A, IL18 and HMGB1 release in response to non-canonical inflammasome activators. Plays a crucial role in the restriction of Salmonella typhimurium replication in colonic epithelial cells during infection: in later stages of the infection, LPS from cytosolic Salmonella triggers CASP4 activation, which catalyzes cleavage of GSDMD, resulting in pyroptosis of infected cells and their extrusion into the gut lumen, as well as in IL18 secretion. Cleavage of GSDMD is not strictly dependent on the consensus cleavage site but depends on an exosite interface on CASP4 that recognizes and binds the Gasdermin-D, C-terminal (GSDMD-CT) part. Pyroptosis limits bacterial replication, while cytokine secretion promotes the recruitment and activation of immune cells and triggers mucosal inflammation. Involved in LPS-induced IL6 secretion; this activity may not require caspase enzymatic activity. Involved in cell death induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress and by treatment with cytotoxic APP peptides found in Alzheimer's patient brains. Catalyzes cleavage and maturation of IL18. In contrast, it does not directly process IL1B. During non-canonical inflammasome activation, cuts CGAS and may play a role in the regulation of antiviral innate immune activation. (Microbial infection) In response to the Td92 surface protein of the periodontal pathogen T.denticola, activated by cathepsin CTSG which leads to production and secretion of IL1A and pyroptosis of gingival fibroblasts. M6ATAR00222 Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1/Beta-catenin) Beta-catenin; CTNNB; OK/SW-cl.35; PRO2286 CTNB1_HUMAN hsa:1499 HGNC:2514 . ENSG00000168036 1499 CTNNB1 Protein coding 3p22.1 MATQADLMELDMAMEPDRKAAVSHWQQQSYLDSGIHSGATTTAPSLSGKGNPEEEDVDTSQVLYEWEQGFSQSFTQEQVADIDGQYAMTRAQRVRAAMFPETLDEGMQIPSTQFDAAHPTNVQRLAEPSQMLKHAVVNLINYQDDAELATRAIPELTKLLNDEDQVVVNKAAVMVHQLSKKEASRHAIMRSPQMVSAIVRTMQNTNDVETARCTAGTLHNLSHHREGLLAIFKSGGIPALVKMLGSPVDSVLFYAITTLHNLLLHQEGAKMAVRLAGGLQKMVALLNKTNVKFLAITTDCLQILAYGNQESKLIILASGGPQALVNIMRTYTYEKLLWTTSRVLKVLSVCSSNKPAIVEAGGMQALGLHLTDPSQRLVQNCLWTLRNLSDAATKQEGMEGLLGTLVQLLGSDDINVVTCAAGILSNLTCNNYKNKMMVCQVGGIEALVRTVLRAGDREDITEPAICALRHLTSRHQEAEMAQNAVRLHYGLPVVVKLLHPPSHWPLIKATVGLIRNLALCPANHAPLREQGAIPRLVQLLVRAHQDTQRRTSMGGTQQQFVEGVRMEEIVEGCTGALHILARDVHNRIVIRGLNTIPLFVQLLYSPIENIQRVAAGVLCELAQDKEAAEAIEAEGATAPLTELLHSRNEGVATYAAAVLFRMSEDKPQDYKKRLSVELTSSLFRTEPMAWNETADLGLDIGAQGEPLGYRQDDPSYRSFHSGGYGQDALGMDPMMEHEMGGHHPGADYPVDGLPDLGHAQDLMDGLPPGDSNQLAWFDTDL beta-catenin family Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an E-cadherin:catenin adhesion complex (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of centrosome cohesion. Involved in the CDK2/PTPN6/CTNNB1/CEACAM1 pathway of insulin internalization. Blocks anoikis of malignant kidney and intestinal epithelial cells and promotes their anchorage-independent growth by down-regulating DAPK2. Disrupts PML function and PML-NB formation by inhibiting RANBP2-mediated sumoylation of PML. Promotes neurogenesis by maintaining sympathetic neuroblasts within the cell cycle (By similarity). Involved in chondrocyte differentiation via interaction with SOX9: SOX9-binding competes with the binding sites of TCF/LEF within CTNNB1, thereby inhibiting the Wnt signaling (By similarity). M6ATAR00679 Caveolin-1 (CAV1) . CAV1_HUMAN hsa:857 HGNC:1527 . ENSG00000105974 857 CAV1 Protein coding 7q31.2 MSGGKYVDSEGHLYTVPIREQGNIYKPNNKAMADELSEKQVYDAHTKEIDLVNRDPKHLNDDVVKIDFEDVIAEPEGTHSFDGIWKASFTTFTVTKYWFYRLLSALFGIPMALIWGIYFAILSFLHIWAVVPCIKSFLIEIQCISRVYSIYVHTVCDPLFEAVGKIFSNVRINLQKEI Caveolin family May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes. Forms a stable heterooligomeric complex with CAV2 that targets to lipid rafts and drives caveolae formation. Mediates the recruitment of CAVIN proteins (CAVIN1/2/3/4) to the caveolae. Interacts directly with G-protein alpha subunits and can functionally regulate their activity (By similarity). Involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell activation. Its binding to DPP4 induces T-cell proliferation and NF-kappa-B activation in a T-cell receptor/CD3-dependent manner. Recruits CTNNB1 to caveolar membranes and may regulate CTNNB1-mediated signaling through the Wnt pathway (By similarity). Negatively regulates TGFB1-mediated activation of SMAD2/3 by mediating the internalization of TGFBR1 from membrane rafts leading to its subsequent degradation. M6ATAR00747 CBSLR . . . . . . . CBSLR LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00215 CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA) C/EBP alpha; CEBP CEBPA_HUMAN hsa:1050 HGNC:1833 . ENSG00000245848 1050 CEBPA Protein coding 19q13.11 MESADFYEAEPRPPMSSHLQSPPHAPSSAAFGFPRGAGPAQPPAPPAAPEPLGGICEHETSIDISAYIDPAAFNDEFLADLFQHSRQQEKAKAAVGPTGGGGGGDFDYPGAPAGPGGAVMPGGAHGPPPGYGCAAAGYLDGRLEPLYERVGAPALRPLVIKQEPREEDEAKQLALAGLFPYQPPPPPPPSHPHPHPPPAHLAAPHLQFQIAHCGQTTMHLQPGHPTPPPTPVPSPHPAPALGAAGLPGPGSALKGLGAAHPDLRASGGSGAGKAKKSVDKNSNEYRVRRERNNIAVRKSRDKAKQRNVETQQKVLELTSDNDRLRKRVEQLSRELDTLRGIFRQLPESSLVKAMGNCA bZIP family; C/EBP subfamily Transcription factor that coordinates proliferation arrest and the differentiation of myeloid progenitors, adipocytes, hepatocytes, and cells of the lung and the placenta. Binds directly to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-T[TG]NNGNAA[TG]-3' acting as an activator on distinct target genes. During early embryogenesis, plays essential and redundant functions with CEBPB. Essential for the transition from common myeloid progenitors (CMP) to granulocyte/monocyte progenitors (GMP). Critical for the proper development of the liver and the lung (By similarity). Necessary for terminal adipocyte differentiation, is required for postnatal maintenance of systemic energy homeostasis and lipid storage (By similarity). To regulate these different processes at the proper moment and tissue, interplays with other transcription factors and modulators. Down-regulates the expression of genes that maintain cells in an undifferentiated and proliferative state through E2F1 repression, which is critical for its ability to induce adipocyte and granulocyte terminal differentiation. Reciprocally E2F1 blocks adipocyte differentiation by binding to specific promoters and repressing CEBPA binding to its target gene promoters. Proliferation arrest also depends on a functional binding to SWI/SNF complex. In liver, regulates gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis through different mechanisms. To regulate gluconeogenesis, functionally cooperates with FOXO1 binding to IRE-controlled promoters and regulating the expression of target genes such as PCK1 or G6PC1. To modulate lipogenesis, interacts and transcriptionally synergizes with SREBF1 in promoter activation of specific lipogenic target genes such as ACAS2. In adipose tissue, seems to act as FOXO1 coactivator accessing to ADIPOQ promoter through FOXO1 binding sites (By similarity). [Isoform 3]: Can act as dominant-negative. Binds DNA and have transctivation activity, even if much less efficiently than isoform 2. Does not inhibit cell proliferation . [Isoform 4]: Directly and specifically enhances ribosomal DNA transcription interacting with RNA polymerase I-specific cofactors and inducing histone acetylation. M6ATAR00652 CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 7 (CNOT7) BTG1-binding factor 1; CCR4-associated factor 1; CAF-1; Caf1a CNOT7_HUMAN hsa:29883 HGNC:14101 . ENSG00000198791 29883 CNOT7 Protein coding 8p22 MPAATVDHSQRICEVWACNLDEEMKKIRQVIRKYNYVAMDTEFPGVVARPIGEFRSNADYQYQLLRCNVDLLKIIQLGLTFMNEQGEYPPGTSTWQFNFKFNLTEDMYAQDSIELLTTSGIQFKKHEEEGIETQYFAELLMTSGVVLCEGVKWLSFHSGYDFGYLIKILTNSNLPEEELDFFEILRLFFPVIYDVKYLMKSCKNLKGGLQEVAEQLELERIGPQHQAGSDSLLTGMAFFKMREMFFEDHIDDAKYCGHLYGLGSGSSYVQNGTGNAYEEEANKQS CAF1 family Has 3'-5' poly(A) exoribonuclease activity for synthetic poly(A) RNA substrate. Its function seems to be partially redundant with that of CNOT8. Catalytic component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is one of the major cellular mRNA deadenylases and is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. During miRNA-mediated repression the complex seems also to act as translational repressor during translational initiation. Additional complex functions may be a consequence of its influence on mRNA expression. Associates with members of the BTG family such as TOB1 and BTG2 and is required for their anti-proliferative activity. M6ATAR00574 CD44 antigen (CD44) CDw44; Epican; Extracellular matrix receptor III; ECMR-III; GP90 lymphocyte homing/adhesion receptor; HUTCH-I; Heparan sulfate proteoglycan; Hermes antigen; Hyaluronate receptor; Phagocytic glycoprotein 1; PGP-1; Phagocytic glycoprotein I; PGP-I; CD44 CD44_HUMAN hsa:960 HGNC:1681 . ENSG00000026508 960 CD44 Protein coding 11p13 MDKFWWHAAWGLCLVPLSLAQIDLNITCRFAGVFHVEKNGRYSISRTEAADLCKAFNSTLPTMAQMEKALSIGFETCRYGFIEGHVVIPRIHPNSICAANNTGVYILTSNTSQYDTYCFNASAPPEEDCTSVTDLPNAFDGPITITIVNRDGTRYVQKGEYRTNPEDIYPSNPTDDDVSSGSSSERSSTSGGYIFYTFSTVHPIPDEDSPWITDSTDRIPATTLMSTSATATETATKRQETWDWFSWLFLPSESKNHLHTTTQMAGTSSNTISAGWEPNEENEDERDRHLSFSGSGIDDDEDFISSTISTTPRAFDHTKQNQDWTQWNPSHSNPEVLLQTTTRMTDVDRNGTTAYEGNWNPEAHPPLIHHEHHEEEETPHSTSTIQATPSSTTEETATQKEQWFGNRWHEGYRQTPKEDSHSTTGTAAASAHTSHPMQGRTTPSPEDSSWTDFFNPISHPMGRGHQAGRRMDMDSSHSITLQPTANPNTGLVEDLDRTGPLSMTTQQSNSQSFSTSHEGLEEDKDHPTTSTLTSSNRNDVTGGRRDPNHSEGSTTLLEGYTSHYPHTKESRTFIPVTSAKTGSFGVTAVTVGDSNSNVNRSLSGDQDTFHPSGGSHTTHGSESDGHSHGSQEGGANTTSGPIRTPQIPEWLIILASLLALALILAVCIAVNSRRRCGQKKKLVINSGNGAVEDRKPSGLNGEASKSQEMVHLVNKESSETPDQFMTADETRNLQNVDMKIGV . Cell-surface receptor that plays a role in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration, helping them to sense and respond to changes in the tissue microenvironment. Participates thereby in a wide variety of cellular functions including the activation, recirculation and homing of T-lymphocytes, hematopoiesis, inflammation and response to bacterial infection. Engages, through its ectodomain, extracellular matrix components such as hyaluronan/HA, collagen, growth factors, cytokines or proteases and serves as a platform for signal transduction by assembling, via its cytoplasmic domain, protein complexes containing receptor kinases and membrane proteases. Such effectors include PKN2, the RhoGTPases RAC1 and RHOA, Rho-kinases and phospholipase C that coordinate signaling pathways promoting calcium mobilization and actin-mediated cytoskeleton reorganization essential for cell migration and adhesion. M6ATAR00086 CDR1 antisense RNA (CDR1-AS) CDR1-AS; CDR1NAT; ciRS-7; CDR1as; CDR1 natural antisense transcript; circular RNA sponge for miR-7 . . HGNC:48926 . . 103611090 CDR1-AS LncRNA Xq27.1 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00216 Cell death activator CIDE-3 (CIDEC) Cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector protein C; Fat-specific protein FSP27 homolog; FSP27 CIDEC_HUMAN hsa:63924 HGNC:24229 . ENSG00000187288 63924 CIDEC Protein coding 3p25.3 MEYAMKSLSLLYPKSLSRHVSVRTSVVTQQLLSEPSPKAPRARPCRVSTADRSVRKGIMAYSLEDLLLKVRDTLMLADKPFFLVLEEDGTTVETEEYFQALAGDTVFMVLQKGQKWQPPSEQGTRHPLSLSHKPAKKIDVARVTFDLYKLNPQDFIGCLNVKATFYDTYSLSYDLHCCGAKRIMKEAFRWALFSMQATGHVLLGTSCYLQQLLDATEEGQPPKGKASSLIPTCLKILQ . Binds to lipid droplets and regulates their enlargement, thereby restricting lipolysis and favoring storage. At focal contact sites between lipid droplets, promotes directional net neutral lipid transfer from the smaller to larger lipid droplets. The transfer direction may be driven by the internal pressure difference between the contacting lipid droplet pair. Its role in neutral lipid transfer and lipid droplet enlargement is activated by the interaction with PLIN1. May act as a CEBPB coactivator in the white adipose tissue to control the expression of a subset of CEBPB downstream target genes, including SOCS1, SOCS3, TGFB1, TGFBR1, ID2 and XDH. When overexpressed in preadipocytes, induces apoptosis or increases cell susceptibility to apoptosis induced by serum deprivation or TGFB treatment. As mature adipocytes, that express high CIDEC levels, are quite resistant to apoptotic stimuli, the physiological significance of its role in apoptosis is unclear. May play a role in the modulation of the response to osmotic stress by preventing NFAT5 to translocate into the nucleus and activate its target genes expression. M6ATAR00356 Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53/p53) Antigen NY-CO-13; Phosphoprotein p53; Tumor suppressor p53; P53 P53_HUMAN hsa:7157 HGNC:11998 . ENSG00000141510 7157 TP53 Protein coding 17p13.1 MEEPQSDPSVEPPLSQETFSDLWKLLPENNVLSPLPSQAMDDLMLSPDDIEQWFTEDPGPDEAPRMPEAAPPVAPAPAAPTPAAPAPAPSWPLSSSVPSQKTYQGSYGFRLGFLHSGTAKSVTCTYSPALNKMFCQLAKTCPVQLWVDSTPPPGTRVRAMAIYKQSQHMTEVVRRCPHHERCSDSDGLAPPQHLIRVEGNLRVEYLDDRNTFRHSVVVPYEPPEVGSDCTTIHYNYMCNSSCMGGMNRRPILTIITLEDSSGNLLGRNSFEVRVCACPGRDRRTEEENLRKKGEPHHELPPGSTKRALPNNTSSSPQPKKKPLDGEYFTLQIRGRERFEMFRELNEALELKDAQAGKEPGGSRAHSSHLKSKKGQSTSRHKKLMFKTEGPDSD p53 family Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its interaction with PPP1R13B/ASPP1 or TP53BP2/ASPP2. However, this activity is inhibited when the interaction with PPP1R13B/ASPP1 or TP53BP2/ASPP2 is displaced by PPP1R13L/iASPP. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seems to have an effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activation of PER2. M6ATAR00699 Centromere protein K (CENPK) CENP-K; Interphase centromere complex protein 37; Protein AF-5alpha; p33 CENPK_HUMAN hsa:64105 HGNC:29479 . ENSG00000123219 64105 CENPK Protein coding 5q12.3 MNQEDLDPDSTTDVGDVTNTEEELIRECEEMWKDMEECQNKLSLIGTETLTDSNAQLSLLIMQVKCLTAELSQWQKKTPETIPLTEDVLITLGKEEFQKLRQDLEMVLSTKESKNEKLKEDLEREQRWLDEQQQIMESLNVLHSELKNKVETFSESRIFNELKTKMLNIKEYKEKLLSTLGEFLEDHFPLPDRSVKKKKKNIQESSVNLITLHEMLEILINRLFDVPHDPYVKISDSFWPPYVELLLRNGIALRHPEDPTRIRLEAFHQ CENP-K/MCM22 family Component of the CENPA-CAD (nucleosome distal) complex, a complex recruited to centromeres which is involved in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. May be involved in incorporation of newly synthesized CENPA into centromeres via its interaction with the CENPA-NAC complex. Acts in coordination with KNL1 to recruit the NDC80 complex to the outer kinetochore. M6ATAR00728 Chloride intracellular channel protein 4 (CLIC4) Intracellular chloride ion channel protein p64H1 CLIC4_HUMAN hsa:25932 HGNC:13518 . ENSG00000169504 25932 CLIC4 Protein coding 1p36.11 MALSMPLNGLKEEDKEPLIELFVKAGSDGESIGNCPFSQRLFMILWLKGVVFSVTTVDLKRKPADLQNLAPGTHPPFITFNSEVKTDVNKIEEFLEEVLCPPKYLKLSPKHPESNTAGMDIFAKFSAYIKNSRPEANEALERGLLKTLQKLDEYLNSPLPDEIDENSMEDIKFSTRKFLDGNEMTLADCNLLPKLHIVKVVAKKYRNFDIPKEMTGIWRYLTNAYSRDEFTNTCPSDKEVEIAYSDVAKRLTK Chloride channel CLIC family Can insert into membranes and form poorly selective ion channels that may also transport chloride ions. Channel activity depends on the pH. Membrane insertion seems to be redox-regulated and may occur only under oxydizing conditions. Promotes cell-surface expression of HRH3. Has alternate cellular functions like a potential role in angiogenesis or in maintaining apical-basolateral membrane polarity during mitosis and cytokinesis. Could also promote endothelial cell proliferation and regulate endothelial morphogenesis (tubulogenesis). M6ATAR00759 Chromobox protein homolog 8 (CBX8) PC3; RC1; Chromobox protein homolog 8 ; Polycomb 3 homolog; Pc3; hPc3 ; Rectachrome 1 CBX8_HUMAN hsa:57332 HGNC:15962 . ENSG00000141570.11 57332 CBX8 Protein coding 17q25.3 MELSAVGERVFAAEALLKRRIRKGRMEYLVKWKGWSQKYSTWEPEENILDARLLAAFEEREREMELYGPKKRGPKPKTFLLKAQAKAKAKTYEFRSDSARGIRIPYPGRSPQDLASTSRAREGLRNMGLSPPASSTSTSSTCRAEAPRDRDRDRDRDRERDRERERERERERERERERERGTSRVDDKPSSPGDSSKKRGPKPRKELPDPSQRPLGEPSAGLGEYLKGRKLDDTPSGAGKFPAGHSVIQLARRQDSDLVQCGVTSPSSAEATGKLAVDTFPARVIKHRAAFLEAKGQGALDPNGTRVRHGSGPPSSGGGLYRDMGAQGGRPSLIARIPVARILGDPEEESWSPSLTNLEKVVVTDVTSNFLTVTIKESNTDQGFFKEKR . Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. M6ATAR00006 Circ_104075 . . . . . . . Circ_104075 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00036 Circ_1662 . . . . . . . Circ_1662 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00575 Circ_ASK1 . . . . . . . Circ_ASK1 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00517 Circ_DLC1 . . . . . . . Circ_DLC1 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00008 Circ_E7 . . . . . . . Circ_E7 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00038 Circ_GFR-Alpha-1 . . . . . . . Circ_GFR-Alpha-1 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00528 Circ_IGF2BP3 . . . . . . . Circ_IGF2BP3 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00586 Circ_MAP3K4 . . . . . . . Circ_MAP3K4 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00616 Circ_ORC5 . . . . . . . Circ_ORC5 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00548 Circ_PTPRA . . . . . . . Circ_PTPRA circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00016 Circ_SLC7A5 . . . . . . . Circ_SLC7A5 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00053 Circ_YTHDC2 . . . . . . . Circ_YTHDC2 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00459 Circadian locomoter output cycles protein kaput (CLOCK) hCLOCK; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 8; bHLHe8; BHLHE8; KIAA0334 CLOCK_HUMAN hsa:9575 HGNC:2082 . ENSG00000134852 9575 CLOCK Protein coding . MLFTVSCSKMSSIVDRDDSSIFDGLVEEDDKDKAKRVSRNKSEKKRRDQFNVLIKELGSMLPGNARKMDKSTVLQKSIDFLRKHKEITAQSDASEIRQDWKPTFLSNEEFTQLMLEALDGFFLAIMTDGSIIYVSESVTSLLEHLPSDLVDQSIFNFIPEGEHSEVYKILSTHLLESDSLTPEYLKSKNQLEFCCHMLRGTIDPKEPSTYEYVKFIGNFKSLNSVSSSAHNGFEGTIQRTHRPSYEDRVCFVATVRLATPQFIKEMCTVEEPNEEFTSRHSLEWKFLFLDHRAPPIIGYLPFEVLGTSGYDYYHVDDLENLAKCHEHLMQYGKGKSCYYRFLTKGQQWIWLQTHYYITYHQWNSRPEFIVCTHTVVSYAEVRAERRRELGIEESLPETAADKSQDSGSDNRINTVSLKEALERFDHSPTPSASSRSSRKSSHTAVSDPSSTPTKIPTDTSTPPRQHLPAHEKMVQRRSSFSSQSINSQSVGSSLTQPVMSQATNLPIPQGMSQFQFSAQLGAMQHLKDQLEQRTRMIEANIHRQQEELRKIQEQLQMVHGQGLQMFLQQSNPGLNFGSVQLSSGNSSNIQQLAPINMQGQVVPTNQIQSGMNTGHIGTTQHMIQQQTLQSTSTQSQQNVLSGHSQQTSLPSQTQSTLTAPLYNTMVISQPAAGSMVQIPSSMPQNSTQSAAVTTFTQDRQIRFSQGQQLVTKLVTAPVACGAVMVPSTMLMGQVVTAYPTFATQQQQSQTLSVTQQQQQQSSQEQQLTSVQQPSQAQLTQPPQQFLQTSRLLHGNPSTQLILSAAFPLQQSTFPQSHHQQHQSQQQQQLSRHRTDSLPDPSKVQPQ . Transcriptional activator which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1, ARNTL2/BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a period shorter and longer than 24 hours, respectively. Disruptions in the circadian rhythms contribute to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging. A transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) forms the core of the molecular circadian clock mechanism. Transcription factors, CLOCK or NPAS2 and ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, form the positive limb of the feedback loop, act in the form of a heterodimer and activate the transcription of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes (involved in key metabolic processes), harboring E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') within their promoters. The core clock genes: PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2 which are transcriptional repressors form the negative limb of the feedback loop and interact with the CLOCK|NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1|ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer inhibiting its activity and thereby negatively regulating their own expression. This heterodimer also activates nuclear receptors NR1D1/2 and RORA/B/G, which form a second feedback loop and which activate and repress ARNTL/BMAL1 transcription, respectively. Regulates the circadian expression of ICAM1, VCAM1, CCL2, THPO and MPL and also acts as an enhancer of the transactivation potential of NF-kappaB. Plays an important role in the homeostatic regulation of sleep. The CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer regulates the circadian expression of SERPINE1/PAI1, VWF, B3, CCRN4L/NOC, NAMPT, DBP, MYOD1, PPARGC1A, PPARGC1B, SIRT1, GYS2, F7, NGFR, GNRHR, BHLHE40/DEC1, ATF4, MTA1, KLF10 and also genes implicated in glucose and lipid metabolism. Promotes rhythmic chromatin opening, regulating the DNA accessibility of other transcription factors. The CLOCK-ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer activates the transcription of SERPINE1/PAI1 and BHLHE40/DEC1. The preferred binding motif for the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer is 5'-CACGTGA-3', which contains a flanking Ala residue in addition to the canonical 6-nucleotide E-box sequence . CLOCK specifically binds to the half-site 5'-CAC-3', while ARNTL binds to the half-site 5'-GTGA-3'. The CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer also recognizes the non-canonical E-box motifs 5'-AACGTGA-3' and 5'-CATGTGA-3'. CLOCK has an intrinsic acetyltransferase activity, which enables circadian chromatin remodeling by acetylating histones and nonhistone proteins, including its own partner ARNTL/BMAL1. Represses glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1/GR-induced transcriptional activity by reducing the association of NR3C1/GR to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) via the acetylation of multiple lysine residues located in its hinge region. The acetyltransferase activity of CLOCK is as important as its transcription activity in circadian control. Acetylates metabolic enzymes IMPDH2 and NDUFA9 in a circadian manner. Facilitated by BMAL1, rhythmically interacts and acetylates argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) leading to enzymatic inhibition of ASS1 as well as the circadian oscillation of arginine biosynthesis and subsequent ureagenesis. Drives the circadian rhythm of blood pressure through transcriptional activation of ATP1B1 (By similarity). M6ATAR00757 Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 41 (BHLHE41) BHLHB3; DEC2; SHARP1; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 41; bHLHe41 ; Class B basic helix-loop-helix protein 3; bHLHb3 ; Differentially expressed in chondrocytes protein 2; hDEC2 ; Enhancer-of-split and hairy-related protein 1; SHARP-1 BHE41_HUMAN hsa:79365 HGNC:16617 . ENSG00000123095.6 79365 BHLHE41 Protein coding 12p12.1 MDEGIPHLQERQLLEHRDFIGLDYSSLYMCKPKRSMKRDDTKDTYKLPHRLIEKKRRDRINECIAQLKDLLPEHLKLTTLGHLEKAVVLELTLKHLKALTALTEQQHQKIIALQNGERSLKSPIQSDLDAFHSGFQTCAKEVLQYLSRFESWTPREPRCVQLINHLHAVATQFLPTPQLLTQQVPLSKGTGAPSAAGSAAAPCLERAGQKLEPLAYCVPVIQRTQPSAELAAENDTDTDSGYGGEAEARPDREKGKGAGASRVTIKQEPPGEDSPAPKRMKLDSRGGGSGGGPGGGAAAAAAALLGPDPAAAAALLRPDAALLSSLVAFGGGGGAPFPQPAAAAAPFCLPFCFLSPSAAAAYVQPFLDKSGLEKYLYPAAAAAPFPLLYPGIPAPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAFPCLSSVLSPPPEKAGAAAATLLPHEVAPLGAPHPQHPHGRTHLPFAGPREPGNPESSAQEDPSQPGKEAP . Transcriptional repressor involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm by negatively regulating the activity of the clock genes and clock-controlled genes. Acts as the negative limb of a novel autoregulatory feedback loop (DEC loop) which differs from the one formed by the PER and CRY transcriptional repressors (PER/CRY loop). Both these loops are interlocked as it represses the expression of PER1 and in turn is repressed by PER1/2 and CRY1/2. Represses the activity of the circadian transcriptional activator: CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer by competing for the binding to E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') found within the promoters of its target genes. Negatively regulates its own expression and the expression of DBP and BHLHE41/DEC2. Acts as a corepressor of RXR and the RXR-LXR heterodimers and represses the ligand-induced RXRA/B/G, NR1H3/LXRA, NR1H4 and VDR transactivation activity. Inhibits HNF1A-mediated transactivation of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 AND CYP3A11 (By similarity). M6ATAR00597 Collagen alpha-1 (III) chain (COL3A1) . CO3A1_HUMAN hsa:1281 HGNC:2201 . ENSG00000168542 1281 COL3A1 Protein coding 2q32.2 MMSFVQKGSWLLLALLHPTIILAQQEAVEGGCSHLGQSYADRDVWKPEPCQICVCDSGSVLCDDIICDDQELDCPNPEIPFGECCAVCPQPPTAPTRPPNGQGPQGPKGDPGPPGIPGRNGDPGIPGQPGSPGSPGPPGICESCPTGPQNYSPQYDSYDVKSGVAVGGLAGYPGPAGPPGPPGPPGTSGHPGSPGSPGYQGPPGEPGQAGPSGPPGPPGAIGPSGPAGKDGESGRPGRPGERGLPGPPGIKGPAGIPGFPGMKGHRGFDGRNGEKGETGAPGLKGENGLPGENGAPGPMGPRGAPGERGRPGLPGAAGARGNDGARGSDGQPGPPGPPGTAGFPGSPGAKGEVGPAGSPGSNGAPGQRGEPGPQGHAGAQGPPGPPGINGSPGGKGEMGPAGIPGAPGLMGARGPPGPAGANGAPGLRGGAGEPGKNGAKGEPGPRGERGEAGIPGVPGAKGEDGKDGSPGEPGANGLPGAAGERGAPGFRGPAGPNGIPGEKGPAGERGAPGPAGPRGAAGEPGRDGVPGGPGMRGMPGSPGGPGSDGKPGPPGSQGESGRPGPPGPSGPRGQPGVMGFPGPKGNDGAPGKNGERGGPGGPGPQGPPGKNGETGPQGPPGPTGPGGDKGDTGPPGPQGLQGLPGTGGPPGENGKPGEPGPKGDAGAPGAPGGKGDAGAPGERGPPGLAGAPGLRGGAGPPGPEGGKGAAGPPGPPGAAGTPGLQGMPGERGGLGSPGPKGDKGEPGGPGADGVPGKDGPRGPTGPIGPPGPAGQPGDKGEGGAPGLPGIAGPRGSPGERGETGPPGPAGFPGAPGQNGEPGGKGERGAPGEKGEGGPPGVAGPPGGSGPAGPPGPQGVKGERGSPGGPGAAGFPGARGLPGPPGSNGNPGPPGPSGSPGKDGPPGPAGNTGAPGSPGVSGPKGDAGQPGEKGSPGAQGPPGAPGPLGIAGITGARGLAGPPGMPGPRGSPGPQGVKGESGKPGANGLSGERGPPGPQGLPGLAGTAGEPGRDGNPGSDGLPGRDGSPGGKGDRGENGSPGAPGAPGHPGPPGPVGPAGKSGDRGESGPAGPAGAPGPAGSRGAPGPQGPRGDKGETGERGAAGIKGHRGFPGNPGAPGSPGPAGQQGAIGSPGPAGPRGPVGPSGPPGKDGTSGHPGPIGPPGPRGNRGERGSEGSPGHPGQPGPPGPPGAPGPCCGGVGAAAIAGIGGEKAGGFAPYYGDEPMDFKINTDEIMTSLKSVNGQIESLISPDGSRKNPARNCRDLKFCHPELKSGEYWVDPNQGCKLDAIKVFCNMETGETCISANPLNVPRKHWWTDSSAEKKHVWFGESMDGGFQFSYGNPELPEDVLDVHLAFLRLLSSRASQNITYHCKNSIAYMDQASGNVKKALKLMGSNEGEFKAEGNSKFTYTVLEDGCTKHTGEWSKTVFEYRTRKAVRLPIVDIAPYDIGGPDQEFGVDVGPVCFL Fibrillar collagen family Collagen type III occurs in most soft connective tissues along with type I collagen. Involved in regulation of cortical development. Is the major ligand of ADGRG1 in the developing brain and binding to ADGRG1 inhibits neuronal migration and activates the RhoA pathway by coupling ADGRG1 to GNA13 and possibly GNA12. M6ATAR00333 Collagenase 3 (MMP13) Matrix metalloproteinase-13; MMP-13 MMP13_HUMAN hsa:4322 HGNC:7159 . ENSG00000137745 4322 MMP13 Protein coding 11q22.2 MHPGVLAAFLFLSWTHCRALPLPSGGDEDDLSEEDLQFAERYLRSYYHPTNLAGILKENAASSMTERLREMQSFFGLEVTGKLDDNTLDVMKKPRCGVPDVGEYNVFPRTLKWSKMNLTYRIVNYTPDMTHSEVEKAFKKAFKVWSDVTPLNFTRLHDGIADIMISFGIKEHGDFYPFDGPSGLLAHAFPPGPNYGGDAHFDDDETWTSSSKGYNLFLVAAHEFGHSLGLDHSKDPGALMFPIYTYTGKSHFMLPDDDVQGIQSLYGPGDEDPNPKHPKTPDKCDPSLSLDAITSLRGETMIFKDRFFWRLHPQQVDAELFLTKSFWPELPNRIDAAYEHPSHDLIFIFRGRKFWALNGYDILEGYPKKISELGLPKEVKKISAAVHFEDTGKTLLFSGNQVWRYDDTNHIMDKDYPRLIEEDFPGIGDKVDAVYEKNGYIYFFNGPIQFEYSIWSNRIVRVMPANSILWC peptidase M10A family Plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins including fibrillar collagen, fibronectin, TNC and ACAN. Cleaves triple helical collagens, including type I, type II and type III collagen, but has the highest activity with soluble type II collagen. Can also degrade collagen type IV, type XIV and type X. May also function by activating or degrading key regulatory proteins, such as TGFB1 and CCN2. Plays a role in wound healing, tissue remodeling, cartilage degradation, bone development, bone mineralization and ossification. Required for normal embryonic bone development and ossification. Plays a role in the healing of bone fractures via endochondral ossification. Plays a role in wound healing, probably by a mechanism that involves proteolytic activation of TGFB1 and degradation of CCN2. Plays a role in keratinocyte migration during wound healing. May play a role in cell migration and in tumor cell invasion. M6ATAR00092 Colon cancer associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) CCAT1; colon cancer associated transcript 1 (non-protein coding); CARLo-5; onco-lncRNA-40 . . HGNC:45128 . . 100507056 CCAT1 LncRNA 8q24.21 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00091 Colon cancer associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) CCAT2; colon cancer associated transcript 2 (non-protein coding); NCCP1; LINC00873; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 873; non-coding RNA involved in cancer predisposition 1 . . HGNC:47044 . ENSG00000280997 101805488 CCAT2 LncRNA 8q24.21 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00346 Complex I-AGGG (NDUFB2) Complex I-AGGG; CI-AGGG; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase AGGG subunit NDUB2_HUMAN hsa:4708 HGNC:7697 . ENSG00000090266 4708 NDUFB2 Protein coding 7q34 MSALTRLASFARVGGRLFRSGCARTAGDGGVRHAGGGVHIEPRYRQFPQLTRSQVFQSEFFSGLMWFWILWRFWHDSEEVLGHFPYPDPSQWTDEELGIPPDDED complex I NDUFB2 subunit family Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. M6ATAR00715 Constitutive NOS (eNOS) Constitutive NOS; cNOS; EC-NOS; Endothelial NOS; eNOS; NOS type III; NOSIII NOS3_HUMAN hsa:4846 HGNC:7876 . ENSG00000164867 4846 eNOS Protein coding 7q36.1 MGNLKSVAQEPGPPCGLGLGLGLGLCGKQGPATPAPEPSRAPASLLPPAPEHSPPSSPLTQPPEGPKFPRVKNWEVGSITYDTLSAQAQQDGPCTPRRCLGSLVFPRKLQGRPSPGPPAPEQLLSQARDFINQYYSSIKRSGSQAHEQRLQEVEAEVAATGTYQLRESELVFGAKQAWRNAPRCVGRIQWGKLQVFDARDCRSAQEMFTYICNHIKYATNRGNLRSAITVFPQRCPGRGDFRIWNSQLVRYAGYRQQDGSVRGDPANVEITELCIQHGWTPGNGRFDVLPLLLQAPDDPPELFLLPPELVLEVPLEHPTLEWFAALGLRWYALPAVSNMLLEIGGLEFPAAPFSGWYMSTEIGTRNLCDPHRYNILEDVAVCMDLDTRTTSSLWKDKAAVEINVAVLHSYQLAKVTIVDHHAATASFMKHLENEQKARGGCPADWAWIVPPISGSLTPVFHQEMVNYFLSPAFRYQPDPWKGSAAKGTGITRKKTFKEVANAVKISASLMGTVMAKRVKATILYGSETGRAQSYAQQLGRLFRKAFDPRVLCMDEYDVVSLEHETLVLVVTSTFGNGDPPENGESFAAALMEMSGPYNSSPRPEQHKSYKIRFNSISCSDPLVSSWRRKRKESSNTDSAGALGTLRFCVFGLGSRAYPHFCAFARAVDTRLEELGGERLLQLGQGDELCGQEEAFRGWAQAAFQAACETFCVGEDAKAAARDIFSPKRSWKRQRYRLSAQAEGLQLLPGLIHVHRRKMFQATIRSVENLQSSKSTRATILVRLDTGGQEGLQYQPGDHIGVCPPNRPGLVEALLSRVEDPPAPTEPVAVEQLEKGSPGGPPPGWVRDPRLPPCTLRQALTFFLDITSPPSPQLLRLLSTLAEEPREQQELEALSQDPRRYEEWKWFRCPTLLEVLEQFPSVALPAPLLLTQLPLLQPRYYSVSSAPSTHPGEIHLTVAVLAYRTQDGLGPLHYGVCSTWLSQLKPGDPVPCFIRGAPSFRLPPDPSLPCILVGPGTGIAPFRGFWQERLHDIESKGLQPTPMTLVFGCRCSQLDHLYRDEVQNAQQRGVFGRVLTAFSREPDNPKTYVQDILRTELAAEVHRVLCLERGHMFVCGDVTMATNVLQTVQRILATEGDMELDEAGDVIGVLRDQQRYHEDIFGLTLRTQEVTSRIRTQSFSLQERQLRGAVPWAFDPPGSDTNSP NOS family Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation through a cGMP-mediated signal transduction pathway. NO mediates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in coronary vessels and promotes blood clotting through the activation of platelets; [Isoform eNOS13C]: Lacks eNOS activity, dominant-negative form that may down-regulate eNOS activity by forming heterodimers with isoform 1. M6ATAR00219 Copine-5 (CPNE5) Copine V; KIAA1599 CPNE5_HUMAN hsa:57699 HGNC:2318 . ENSG00000124772 57699 CPNE5 Protein coding 6p21.2 MEQPEDMASLSEFDSLAGSIPATKVEITVSCRNLLDKDMFSKSDPLCVMYTQGMENKQWREFGRTEVIDNTLNPDFVRKFIVDYFFEEKQNLRFDLYDVDSKSPDLSKHDFLGQAFCTLGEIVGSPGSRLEKPLTIGAFSLNSRTGKPMPAVSNGGVPGKKCGTIILSAEELSNCRDVATMQFCANKLDKKDFFGKSDPFLVFYRSNEDGTFTICHKTEVMKNTLNPVWQTFSIPVRALCNGDYDRTIKVEVYDWDRDGSHDFIGEFTTSYRELARGQSQFNIYEVVNPKKKMKKKKYVNSGTVTLLSFAVESECTFLDYIKGGTQINFTVAIDFTASNGNPSQSTSLHYMSPYQLNAYALALTAVGEIIQHYDSDKMFPALGFGAKLPPDGRVSHEFPLNGNQENPSCCGIDGILEAYHRSLRTVQLYGPTNFAPVVTHVARNAAAVQDGSQYSVLLIITDGVISDMAQTKEAIVNAAKLPMSIIIVGVGQAEFDAMVELDGDDVRISSRGKLAERDIVQFVPFRDYVDRTGNHVLSMARLARDVLAEIPDQLVSYMKAQGIRPRPPPAAPTHSPSQSPARTPPASPLHTHI copine family Probable calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein that may play a role in calcium-mediated intracellular processes (By similarity). Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes. M6ATAR00051 CTD-3184A7.4 . . . . . . . CTD-3184A7.4 LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00569 CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) Membrane glycoprotein gp140; Subtractive immunization M plus HEp3-associated 135 kDa protein; SIMA135; Transmembrane and associated with src kinases; CD318 CDCP1_HUMAN hsa:64866 HGNC:24357 . ENSG00000163814 64866 CDCP1 Protein coding 3p21.31 MAGLNCGVSIALLGVLLLGAARLPRGAEAFEIALPRESNITVLIKLGTPTLLAKPCYIVISKRHITMLSIKSGERIVFTFSCQSPENHFVIEIQKNIDCMSGPCPFGEVQLQPSTSLLPTLNRTFIWDVKAHKSIGLELQFSIPRLRQIGPGESCPDGVTHSISGRIDATVVRIGTFCSNGTVSRIKMQEGVKMALHLPWFHPRNVSGFSIANRSSIKRLCIIESVFEGEGSATLMSANYPEGFPEDELMTWQFVVPAHLRASVSFLNFNLSNCERKEERVEYYIPGSTTNPEVFKLEDKQPGNMAGNFNLSLQGCDQDAQSPGILRLQFQVLVQHPQNESNKIYVVDLSNERAMSLTIEPRPVKQSRKFVPGCFVCLESRTCSSNLTLTSGSKHKISFLCDDLTRLWMNVEKTISCTDHRYCQRKSYSLQVPSDILHLPVELHDFSWKLLVPKDRLSLVLVPAQKLQQHTHEKPCNTSFSYLVASAIPSQDLYFGSFCPGGSIKQIQVKQNISVTLRTFAPSFQQEASRQGLTVSFIPYFKEEGVFTVTPDTKSKVYLRTPNWDRGLPSLTSVSWNISVPRDQVACLTFFKERSGVVCQTGRAFMIIQEQRTRAEEIFSLDEDVLPKPSFHHHSFWVNISNCSPTSGKQLDLLFSVTLTPRTVDLTVILIAAVGGGVLLLSALGLIICCVKKKKKKTNKGPAVGIYNDNINTEMPRQPKKFQKGRKDNDSHVYAVIEDTMVYGHLLQDSSGSFLQPEVDTYRPFQGTMGVCPPSPPTICSRAPTAKLATEEPPPRSPPESESEPYTFSHPNNGDVSSKDTDIPLLNTQEPMEPAE . May be involved in cell adhesion and cell matrix association. May play a role in the regulation of anchorage versus migration or proliferation versus differentiation via its phosphorylation. May be a novel marker for leukemia diagnosis and for immature hematopoietic stem cell subsets. Belongs to the tetraspanin web involved in tumor progression and metastasis. M6ATAR00223 C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) . CXCR4_HUMAN hsa:7852 HGNC:2561 . ENSG00000121966 7852 CXCR4 Protein coding 2q22.1 MEGISIYTSDNYTEEMGSGDYDSMKEPCFREENANFNKIFLPTIYSIIFLTGIVGNGLVILVMGYQKKLRSMTDKYRLHLSVADLLFVITLPFWAVDAVANWYFGNFLCKAVHVIYTVNLYSSVLILAFISLDRYLAIVHATNSQRPRKLLAEKVVYVGVWIPALLLTIPDFIFANVSEADDRYICDRFYPNDLWVVVFQFQHIMVGLILPGIVILSCYCIIISKLSHSKGHQKRKALKTTVILILAFFACWLPYYIGISIDSFILLEIIKQGCEFENTVHKWISITEALAFFHCCLNPILYAFLGAKFKTSAQHALTSVSRGSSLKILSKGKRGGHSSVSTESESSSFHSS G-protein coupled receptor 1 family Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation . Involved in the AKT signaling cascade. Plays a role in regulation of cell migration, e.g. during wound healing. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes. Involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation. Also plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells. Involved in cerebellar development. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival (By similarity). (Microbial infection) Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) for human immunodeficiency virus-1/HIV-1 X4 isolates and as a primary receptor for some HIV-2 isolates. Promotes Env-mediated fusion of the virus. M6ATAR00523 C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (Cxcl10) 10 kDa interferon gamma-induced protein; Gamma-IP10; IP-10; Small-inducible cytokine B10 CXL10_HUMAN hsa:3627 HGNC:10637 . ENSG00000169245 3627 Cxcl10 Protein coding 4q21.1 MNQTAILICCLIFLTLSGIQGVPLSRTVRCTCISISNQPVNPRSLEKLEIIPASQFCPRVEIIATMKKKGEKRCLNPESKAIKNLLKAVSKERSKRSP Intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family Pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in a wide variety of processes such as chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects. Plays thereby an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to the infected sites (By similarity). Mechanistically, binding of CXCL10 to the CXCR3 receptor activates G protein-mediated signaling and results in downstream activation of phospholipase C-dependent pathway, an increase in intracellular calcium production and actin reorganization . In turn, recruitment of activated Th1 lymphocytes occurs at sites of inflammation. Activation of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis plays also an important role in neurons in response to brain injury for activating microglia, the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system, and directing them to the lesion site. This recruitment is an essential element for neuronal reorganization (By similarity). M6ATAR00516 C-X-C motif chemokine 11 (CXCL11) Beta-R1; H174; Interferon gamma-inducible protein 9; IP-9; Interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant; I-TAC; Small-inducible cytokine B11 CXL11_HUMAN hsa:6373 HGNC:10638 . ENSG00000169248 6373 CXCL11 Protein coding 4q21.1 MSVKGMAIALAVILCATVVQGFPMFKRGRCLCIGPGVKAVKVADIEKASIMYPSNNCDKIEVIITLKENKGQRCLNPKSKQARLIIKKVERKNF Intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family Chemotactic for interleukin-activated T-cells but not unstimulated T-cells, neutrophils or monocytes. Induces calcium release in activated T-cells. Binds to CXCR3. May play an important role in CNS diseases which involve T-cell recruitment. May play a role in skin immune responses. M6ATAR00522 C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (Cxcl9) Gamma-interferon-induced monokine; Monokine induced by interferon-gamma; HuMIG; MIG; Small-inducible cytokine B9 CXCL9_HUMAN hsa:4283 HGNC:7098 . ENSG00000138755 4283 Cxcl9 Protein coding 4q21.1 MKKSGVLFLLGIILLVLIGVQGTPVVRKGRCSCISTNQGTIHLQSLKDLKQFAPSPSCEKIEIIATLKNGVQTCLNPDSADVKELIKKWEKQVSQKKKQKNGKKHQKKKVLKVRKSQRSRQKKTT Intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family Cytokine that affects the growth, movement, or activation state of cells that participate in immune and inflammatory response. Chemotactic for activated T-cells. Binds to CXCR3. M6ATAR00185 Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 (ATF4) cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4; Activating transcription factor 4; Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 2; CREB-2; cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 2; Tax-responsive enhancer element-binding protein 67; TaxREB67; CREB2; TXREB ATF4_HUMAN hsa:468 HGNC:786 . ENSG00000128272 468 ATF4 Protein coding 22q13.1 MTEMSFLSSEVLVGDLMSPFDQSGLGAEESLGLLDDYLEVAKHFKPHGFSSDKAKAGSSEWLAVDGLVSPSNNSKEDAFSGTDWMLEKMDLKEFDLDALLGIDDLETMPDDLLTTLDDTCDLFAPLVQETNKQPPQTVNPIGHLPESLTKPDQVAPFTFLQPLPLSPGVLSSTPDHSFSLELGSEVDITEGDRKPDYTAYVAMIPQCIKEEDTPSDNDSGICMSPESYLGSPQHSPSTRGSPNRSLPSPGVLCGSARPKPYDPPGEKMVAAKVKGEKLDKKLKKMEQNKTAATRYRQKKRAEQEALTGECKELEKKNEALKERADSLAKEIQYLKDLIEEVRKARGKKRVP bZIP family Transcription factor that binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3') and displays two biological functions, as regulator of metabolic and redox processes under normal cellular conditions, and as master transcription factor during integrated stress response (ISR). Binds to asymmetric CRE's as a heterodimer and to palindromic CRE's as a homodimer (By similarity). Core effector of the ISR, which is required for adaptation to various stress such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, amino acid starvation, mitochondrial stress or oxidative stress. During ISR, ATF4 translation is induced via an alternative ribosome translation re-initiation mechanism in response to EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation, and stress-induced ATF4 acts as a master transcription factor of stress-responsive genes in order to promote cell recovery. Promotes the transcription of genes linked to amino acid sufficiency and resistance to oxidative stress to protect cells against metabolic consequences of ER oxidation (By similarity). Activates the transcription of NLRP1, possibly in concert with other factors in response to ER stress. Activates the transcription of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) in response to amino acid deprivation or ER stress. However, when associated with DDIT3/CHOP, the transcriptional activation of the ASNS gene is inhibited in response to amino acid deprivation. Together with DDIT3/CHOP, mediates programmed cell death by promoting the expression of genes involved in cellular amino acid metabolic processes, mRNA translation and the terminal unfolded protein response (terminal UPR), a cellular response that elicits programmed cell death when ER stress is prolonged and unresolved (By similarity). Together with DDIT3/CHOP, activates the transcription of the IRS-regulator TRIB3 and promotes ER stress-induced neuronal cell death by regulating the expression of BBC3/PUMA in response to ER stress. May cooperate with the UPR transcriptional regulator QRICH1 to regulate ER protein homeostasis which is critical for cell viability in response to ER stress. In the absence of stress, ATF4 translation is at low levels and it is required for normal metabolic processes such as embryonic lens formation, fetal liver hematopoiesis, bone development and synaptic plasticity (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of osteoblast differentiation in response to phosphorylation by RPS6KA3/RSK2: phosphorylation in osteoblasts enhances transactivation activity and promotes expression of osteoblast-specific genes and post-transcriptionally regulates the synthesis of Type I collagen, the main constituent of the bone matrix. Cooperates with FOXO1 in osteoblasts to regulate glucose homeostasis through suppression of beta-cell production and decrease in insulin production (By similarity). Activates transcription of SIRT4 (By similarity). Regulates the circadian expression of the core clock component PER2 and the serotonin transporter SLC6A4 (By similarity). Binds in a circadian time-dependent manner to the cAMP response elements (CRE) in the SLC6A4 and PER2 promoters and periodically activates the transcription of these genes (By similarity). Mainly acts as a transcriptional activator in cellular stress adaptation, but it can also act as a transcriptional repressor: acts as a regulator of synaptic plasticity by repressing transcription, thereby inhibiting induction and maintenance of long-term memory (By similarity). Regulates synaptic functions via interaction with DISC1 in neurons, which inhibits ATF4 transcription factor activity by disrupting ATF4 dimerization and DNA-binding . M6ATAR00755 Cyclic-AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 (ATF3) Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3; cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 ; Activating transcription factor 3 ATF3_HUMAN hsa:467 HGNC:785 . ENSG00000162772.17 467 ATF3 Protein coding 1q32.3 MMLQHPGQVSASEVSASAIVPCLSPPGSLVFEDFANLTPFVKEELRFAIQNKHLCHRMSSALESVTVSDRPLGVSITKAEVAPEEDERKKRRRERNKIAAAKCRNKKKEKTECLQKESEKLESVNAELKAQIEELKNEKQHLIYMLNLHRPTCIVRAQNGRTPEDERNLFIQQIKEGTLQS BZIP family, ATF subfamily This protein binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Represses transcription from promoters with ATF sites. It may repress transcription by stabilizing the binding of inhibitory cofactors at the promoter. Activates transcription presumably by sequestering inhibitory cofactors away from the promoters. Stress-induced isoform, counteracts the transcriptional repression of isoform 1. M6ATAR00205 Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2) Cyclin-A; Cyclin A; CCN1; CCNA CCNA2_HUMAN hsa:890 HGNC:1578 . ENSG00000145386 890 CCNA2 Protein coding 4q27 MLGNSAPGPATREAGSALLALQQTALQEDQENINPEKAAPVQQPRTRAALAVLKSGNPRGLAQQQRPKTRRVAPLKDLPVNDEHVTVPPWKANSKQPAFTIHVDEAEKEAQKKPAESQKIEREDALAFNSAISLPGPRKPLVPLDYPMDGSFESPHTMDMSIILEDEKPVSVNEVPDYHEDIHTYLREMEVKCKPKVGYMKKQPDITNSMRAILVDWLVEVGEEYKLQNETLHLAVNYIDRFLSSMSVLRGKLQLVGTAAMLLASKFEEIYPPEVAEFVYITDDTYTKKQVLRMEHLVLKVLTFDLAAPTVNQFLTQYFLHQQPANCKVESLAMFLGELSLIDADPYLKYLPSVIAGAAFHLALYTVTGQSWPESLIRKTGYTLESLKPCLMDLHQTYLKAPQHAQQSIREKYKNSKYHGVSLLNPPETLNL cyclin family; Cyclin AB subfamily Cyclin which controls both the G1/S and the G2/M transition phases of the cell cycle. Functions through the formation of specific serine/threonine protein kinase holoenzyme complexes with the cyclin-dependent protein kinases CDK1 or CDK2. The cyclin subunit confers the substrate specificity of these complexes and differentially interacts with and activates CDK1 and CDK2 throughout the cell cycle. M6ATAR00209 Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) CDK1; Cell division control protein 2 homolog; Cell division protein kinase 1; p34 protein kinase; CDC2; CDC28A; CDKN1; P34CDC2 CDK1_HUMAN hsa:983 HGNC:1722 . ENSG00000170312 983 CDK1 Protein coding 10q21.2 MEDYTKIEKIGEGTYGVVYKGRHKTTGQVVAMKKIRLESEEEGVPSTAIREISLLKELRHPNIVSLQDVLMQDSRLYLIFEFLSMDLKKYLDSIPPGQYMDSSLVKSYLYQILQGIVFCHSRRVLHRDLKPQNLLIDDKGTIKLADFGLARAFGIPIRVYTHEVVTLWYRSPEVLLGSARYSTPVDIWSIGTIFAELATKKPLFHGDSEIDQLFRIFRALGTPNNEVWPEVESLQDYKNTFPKWKPGSLASHVKNLDENGLDLLSKMLIYDPAKRISGKMALNHPYFNDLDNQIKKM protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; CDC2/CDKX subfamily Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle by modulating the centrosome cycle as well as mitotic onset; promotes G2-M transition, and regulates G1 progress and G1-S transition via association with multiple interphase cyclins. Phosphorylates PARVA/actopaxin, APC, AMPH, APC, BARD1, Bcl-xL/BCL2L1, BRCA2, CALD1, CASP8, CDC7, CDC20, CDC25A, CDC25C, CC2D1A, CENPA, CSNK2 proteins/CKII, FZR1/CDH1, CDK7, CEBPB, CHAMP1, DMD/dystrophin, EEF1 proteins/EF-1, EZH2, KIF11/EG5, EGFR, FANCG, FOS, GFAP, GOLGA2/GM130, GRASP1, UBE2A/hHR6A, HIST1H1 proteins/histone H1, HMGA1, HIVEP3/KRC, KAT5, LMNA, LMNB, LMNC, LBR, LATS1, MAP1B, MAP4, MARCKS, MCM2, MCM4, MKLP1, MYB, NEFH, NFIC, NPC/nuclear pore complex, PITPNM1/NIR2, NPM1, NCL, NUCKS1, NPM1/numatrin, ORC1, PRKAR2A, EEF1E1/p18, EIF3F/p47, p53/TP53, NONO/p54NRB, PAPOLA, PLEC/plectin, RB1, TPPP, UL40/R2, RAB4A, RAP1GAP, RCC1, RPS6KB1/S6K1, KHDRBS1/SAM68, ESPL1, SKI, BIRC5/survivin, STIP1, TEX14, beta-tubulins, MAPT/TAU, NEDD1, VIM/vimentin, TK1, FOXO1, RUNX1/AML1, SAMHD1, SIRT2, CGAS and RUNX2. CDK1/CDC2-cyclin-B controls pronuclear union in interphase fertilized eggs. Essential for early stages of embryonic development. During G2 and early mitosis, CDC25A/B/C-mediated dephosphorylation activates CDK1/cyclin complexes which phosphorylate several substrates that trigger at least centrosome separation, Golgi dynamics, nuclear envelope breakdown and chromosome condensation. Once chromosomes are condensed and aligned at the metaphase plate, CDK1 activity is switched off by WEE1- and PKMYT1-mediated phosphorylation to allow sister chromatid separation, chromosome decondensation, reformation of the nuclear envelope and cytokinesis. Inactivated by PKR/EIF2AK2- and WEE1-mediated phosphorylation upon DNA damage to stop cell cycle and genome replication at the G2 checkpoint thus facilitating DNA repair. Reactivated after successful DNA repair through WIP1-dependent signaling leading to CDC25A/B/C-mediated dephosphorylation and restoring cell cycle progression. In proliferating cells, CDK1-mediated FOXO1 phosphorylation at the G2-M phase represses FOXO1 interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and thereby promotes FOXO1 nuclear accumulation and transcription factor activity, leading to cell death of postmitotic neurons. The phosphorylation of beta-tubulins regulates microtubule dynamics during mitosis. NEDD1 phosphorylation promotes PLK1-mediated NEDD1 phosphorylation and subsequent targeting of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gTuRC) to the centrosome, an important step for spindle formation. In addition, CC2D1A phosphorylation regulates CC2D1A spindle pole localization and association with SCC1/RAD21 and centriole cohesion during mitosis. The phosphorylation of Bcl-xL/BCL2L1 after prolongated G2 arrest upon DNA damage triggers apoptosis. In contrast, CASP8 phosphorylation during mitosis prevents its activation by proteolysis and subsequent apoptosis. This phosphorylation occurs in cancer cell lines, as well as in primary breast tissues and lymphocytes. EZH2 phosphorylation promotes H3K27me3 maintenance and epigenetic gene silencing. CALD1 phosphorylation promotes Schwann cell migration during peripheral nerve regeneration (By similarity). CDK1-cyclin-B complex phosphorylates NCKAP5L and mediates its dissociation from centrosomes during mitosis. Regulates the amplitude of the cyclic expression of the core clock gene ARNTL/BMAL1 by phosphorylating its transcriptional repressor NR1D1, and this phosphorylation is necessary for SCF(FBXW7)-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of NR1D1. Phosphorylates EML3 at 'Thr-881' which is essential for its interaction with HAUS augmin-like complex and TUBG1. Phosphorylates CGAS during mitosis, leading to its inhibition, thereby preventing CGAS activation by self DNA during mitosis. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hepatocytes and facilitates its cell entry. M6ATAR00210 Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) Cell division protein kinase 2; p33 protein kinase; CDKN2 CDK2_HUMAN hsa:1017 HGNC:1771 . ENSG00000123374 1017 CDK2 Protein coding 12q13.2 MENFQKVEKIGEGTYGVVYKARNKLTGEVVALKKIRLDTETEGVPSTAIREISLLKELNHPNIVKLLDVIHTENKLYLVFEFLHQDLKKFMDASALTGIPLPLIKSYLFQLLQGLAFCHSHRVLHRDLKPQNLLINTEGAIKLADFGLARAFGVPVRTYTHEVVTLWYRAPEILLGCKYYSTAVDIWSLGCIFAEMVTRRALFPGDSEIDQLFRIFRTLGTPDEVVWPGVTSMPDYKPSFPKWARQDFSKVVPPLDEDGRSLLSQMLHYDPNKRISAKAALAHPFFQDVTKPVPHLRL protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; CDC2/CDKX subfamily Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the control of the cell cycle; essential for meiosis, but dispensable for mitosis. Phosphorylates CTNNB1, USP37, p53/TP53, NPM1, CDK7, RB1, BRCA2, MYC, NPAT, EZH2. Triggers duplication of centrosomes and DNA. Acts at the G1-S transition to promote the E2F transcriptional program and the initiation of DNA synthesis, and modulates G2 progression; controls the timing of entry into mitosis/meiosis by controlling the subsequent activation of cyclin B/CDK1 by phosphorylation, and coordinates the activation of cyclin B/CDK1 at the centrosome and in the nucleus. Crucial role in orchestrating a fine balance between cellular proliferation, cell death, and DNA repair in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Activity of CDK2 is maximal during S phase and G2; activated by interaction with cyclin E during the early stages of DNA synthesis to permit G1-S transition, and subsequently activated by cyclin A2 (cyclin A1 in germ cells) during the late stages of DNA replication to drive the transition from S phase to mitosis, the G2 phase. EZH2 phosphorylation promotes H3K27me3 maintenance and epigenetic gene silencing. Phosphorylates CABLES1 (By similarity). Cyclin E/CDK2 prevents oxidative stress-mediated Ras-induced senescence by phosphorylating MYC. Involved in G1-S phase DNA damage checkpoint that prevents cells with damaged DNA from initiating mitosis; regulates homologous recombination-dependent repair by phosphorylating BRCA2, this phosphorylation is low in S phase when recombination is active, but increases as cells progress towards mitosis. In response to DNA damage, double-strand break repair by homologous recombination a reduction of CDK2-mediated BRCA2 phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of RB1 disturbs its interaction with E2F1. NPM1 phosphorylation by cyclin E/CDK2 promotes its dissociates from unduplicated centrosomes, thus initiating centrosome duplication. Cyclin E/CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NPAT at G1-S transition and until prophase stimulates the NPAT-mediated activation of histone gene transcription during S phase. Required for vitamin D-mediated growth inhibition by being itself inactivated. Involved in the nitric oxide- (NO) mediated signaling in a nitrosylation/activation-dependent manner. USP37 is activated by phosphorylation and thus triggers G1-S transition. CTNNB1 phosphorylation regulates insulin internalization. Phosphorylates FOXP3 and negatively regulates its transcriptional activity and protein stability (By similarity). Phosphorylates CDK2AP2. Phosphorylates ERCC6 which is essential for its chromatin remodeling activity at DNA double-strand breaks. M6ATAR00211 Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) Cell division protein kinase 4; PSK-J3 CDK4_HUMAN hsa:1019 HGNC:1773 . ENSG00000135446 1019 CDK4 Protein coding 12q14.1 MATSRYEPVAEIGVGAYGTVYKARDPHSGHFVALKSVRVPNGGGGGGGLPISTVREVALLRRLEAFEHPNVVRLMDVCATSRTDREIKVTLVFEHVDQDLRTYLDKAPPPGLPAETIKDLMRQFLRGLDFLHANCIVHRDLKPENILVTSGGTVKLADFGLARIYSYQMALTPVVVTLWYRAPEVLLQSTYATPVDMWSVGCIFAEMFRRKPLFCGNSEADQLGKIFDLIGLPPEDDWPRDVSLPRGAFPPRGPRPVQSVVPEMEESGAQLLLEMLTFNPHKRISAFRALQHSYLHKDEGNPE protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; CDC2/CDKX subfamily Ser/Thr-kinase component of cyclin D-CDK4 (DC) complexes that phosphorylate and inhibit members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulate the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complexes and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. Also phosphorylates SMAD3 in a cell-cycle-dependent manner and represses its transcriptional activity. Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D/CDK4/CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. M6ATAR00212 Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) Cell division protein kinase 6; Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLSTIRE; CDKN6 CDK6_HUMAN hsa:1021 HGNC:1777 . ENSG00000105810 1021 CDK6 Protein coding 7q21.2 MEKDGLCRADQQYECVAEIGEGAYGKVFKARDLKNGGRFVALKRVRVQTGEEGMPLSTIREVAVLRHLETFEHPNVVRLFDVCTVSRTDRETKLTLVFEHVDQDLTTYLDKVPEPGVPTETIKDMMFQLLRGLDFLHSHRVVHRDLKPQNILVTSSGQIKLADFGLARIYSFQMALTSVVVTLWYRAPEVLLQSSYATPVDLWSVGCIFAEMFRRKPLFRGSSDVDQLGKILDVIGLPGEEDWPRDVALPRQAFHSKSAQPIEKFVTDIDELGKDLLLKCLTFNPAKRISAYSALSHPYFQDLERCKENLDSHLPPSQNTSELNTA protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; CDC2/CDKX subfamily Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the control of the cell cycle and differentiation; promotes G1/S transition. Phosphorylates pRB/RB1 and NPM1. Interacts with D-type G1 cyclins during interphase at G1 to form a pRB/RB1 kinase and controls the entrance into the cell cycle. Involved in initiation and maintenance of cell cycle exit during cell differentiation; prevents cell proliferation and regulates negatively cell differentiation, but is required for the proliferation of specific cell types (e.g. erythroid and hematopoietic cells). Essential for cell proliferation within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Required during thymocyte development. Promotes the production of newborn neurons, probably by modulating G1 length. Promotes, at least in astrocytes, changes in patterns of gene expression, changes in the actin cytoskeleton including loss of stress fibers, and enhanced motility during cell differentiation. Prevents myeloid differentiation by interfering with RUNX1 and reducing its transcription transactivation activity, but promotes proliferation of normal myeloid progenitors. Delays senescence. Promotes the proliferation of beta-cells in pancreatic islets of Langerhans. May play a role in the centrosome organization during the cell cycle phases. M6ATAR00213 Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A) CDK-interacting protein 1; Melanoma differentiation-associated protein 6; MDA-6; p21; CAP20; CDKN1; CIP1; MDA6; PIC1; SDI1; WAF1 CDN1A_HUMAN hsa:1026 HGNC:1784 . ENSG00000124762 1026 CDKN1A Protein coding 6p21.2 MSEPAGDVRQNPCGSKACRRLFGPVDSEQLSRDCDALMAGCIQEARERWNFDFVTETPLEGDFAWERVRGLGLPKLYLPTGPRRGRDELGGGRRPGTSPALLQGTAEEDHVDLSLSCTLVPRSGEQAEGSPGGPGDSQGRKRRQTSMTDFYHSKRRLIFSKRKP CDI family May be involved in p53/TP53 mediated inhibition of cellular proliferation in response to DNA damage. Binds to and inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase activity, preventing phosphorylation of critical cyclin-dependent kinase substrates and blocking cell cycle progression. Functions in the nuclear localization and assembly of cyclin D-CDK4 complex and promotes its kinase activity towards RB1. At higher stoichiometric ratios, inhibits the kinase activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. Inhibits DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase delta by competing with POLD3 for PCNA binding. Plays an important role in controlling cell cycle progression and DNA damage-induced G2 arrest. M6ATAR00214 Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B/p27) Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27; p27Kip1; KIP1 CDN1B_HUMAN hsa:1027 HGNC:1785 . ENSG00000111276 1027 CDKN1B Protein coding 12p13.1 MSNVRVSNGSPSLERMDARQAEHPKPSACRNLFGPVDHEELTRDLEKHCRDMEEASQRKWNFDFQNHKPLEGKYEWQEVEKGSLPEFYYRPPRPPKGACKVPAQESQDVSGSRPAAPLIGAPANSEDTHLVDPKTDPSDSQTGLAEQCAGIRKRPATDDSSTQNKRANRTEENVSDGSPNAGSVEQTPKKPGLRRRQT CDI family Important regulator of cell cycle progression. Inhibits the kinase activity of CDK2 bound to cyclin A, but has little inhibitory activity on CDK2 bound to SPDYA. Involved in G1 arrest. Potent inhibitor of cyclin E- and cyclin A-CDK2 complexes. Forms a complex with cyclin type D-CDK4 complexes and is involved in the assembly, stability, and modulation of CCND1-CDK4 complex activation. Acts either as an inhibitor or an activator of cyclin type D-CDK4 complexes depending on its phosphorylation state and/or stoichometry. M6ATAR00500 Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor A; CDK4I; Multiple tumor suppressor 1; MTS-1; p16-INK4a; p16-INK4; p16INK4A CDN2A_HUMAN hsa:1029 HGNC:1787 . ENSG00000147889 1029 CDKN2A Protein coding 9p21.3 MEPAAGSSMEPSADWLATAAARGRVEEVRALLEAGALPNAPNSYGRRPIQVMMMGSARVAELLLLHGAEPNCADPATLTRPVHDAAREGFLDTLVVLHRAGARLDVRDAWGRLPVDLAEELGHRDVARYLRAAAGGTRGSNHARIDAAEGPSDIPD CDKN2 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor family Acts as a negative regulator of the proliferation of normal cells by interacting strongly with CDK4 and CDK6. This inhibits their ability to interact with cyclins D and to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma protein. M6ATAR00748 Cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) Beta-thionase; Serine sulfhydrase CBS_HUMAN hsa:102724560 HGNC:1550 . ENSG00000160200 875 CBS Protein coding 21q22.3 MPSETPQAEVGPTGCPHRSGPHSAKGSLEKGSPEDKEAKEPLWIRPDAPSRCTWQLGRPASESPHHHTAPAKSPKILPDILKKIGDTPMVRINKIGKKFGLKCELLAKCEFFNAGGSVKDRISLRMIEDAERDGTLKPGDTIIEPTSGNTGIGLALAAAVRGYRCIIVMPEKMSSEKVDVLRALGAEIVRTPTNARFDSPESHVGVAWRLKNEIPNSHILDQYRNASNPLAHYDTTADEILQQCDGKLDMLVASVGTGGTITGIARKLKEKCPGCRIIGVDPEGSILAEPEELNQTEQTTYEVEGIGYDFIPTVLDRTVVDKWFKSNDEEAFTFARMLIAQEGLLCGGSAGSTVAVAVKAAQELQEGQRCVVILPDSVRNYMTKFLSDRWMLQKGFLKEEDLTEKKPWWWHLRVQELGLSAPLTVLPTITCGHTIEILREKGFDQAPVVDEAGVILGMVTLGNMLSSLLAGKVQPSDQVGKVIYKQFKQIRLTDTLGRLSHILEMDHFALVVHEQIQYHSTGKSSQRQMVFGVVTAIDLLNFVAAQERDQK Cysteine synthase/cystathionine beta-synthase family Hydro-lyase catalyzing the first step of the transsulfuration pathway, where the hydroxyl group of L-serine is displaced by L-homocysteine in a beta-replacement reaction to form L-cystathionine, the precursor of L-cysteine. This catabolic route allows the elimination of L-methionine and the toxic metabolite L-homocysteine. Also involved in the production of hydrogen sulfide, a gasotransmitter with signaling and cytoprotective effects on neurons (By similarity). M6ATAR00484 Cystine/glutamate transporter (SLC7A11) Amino acid transport system xc-; Calcium channel blocker resistance protein CCBR1; Solute carrier family 7 member 11; xCT XCT_HUMAN hsa:23657 HGNC:11059 . ENSG00000151012 55083 SLC7A11 Protein coding . MVRKPVVSTISKGGYLQGNVNGRLPSLGNKEPPGQEKVQLKRKVTLLRGVSIIIGTIIGAGIFISPKGVLQNTGSVGMSLTIWTVCGVLSLFGALSYAELGTTIKKSGGHYTYILEVFGPLPAFVRVWVELLIIRPAATAVISLAFGRYILEPFFIQCEIPELAIKLITAVGITVVMVLNSMSVSWSARIQIFLTFCKLTAILIIIVPGVMQLIKGQTQNFKDAFSGRDSSITRLPLAFYYGMYAYAGWFYLNFVTEEVENPEKTIPLAICISMAIVTIGYVLTNVAYFTTINAEELLLSNAVAVTFSERLLGNFSLAVPIFVALSCFGSMNGGVFAVSRLFYVASREGHLPEILSMIHVRKHTPLPAVIVLHPLTMIMLFSGDLDSLLNFLSFARWLFIGLAVAGLIYLRYKCPDMHRPFKVPLFIPALFSFTCLFMVALSLYSDPFSTGIGFVITLTGVPAYYLFIIWDKKPRWFRIMSEKITRTLQIILEVVPEEDKL amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) (TC 2.A.3.8) family. {ECO:0000305}. Sodium-independent, high-affinity exchange of anionic amino acids with high specificity for anionic form of cystine and glutamate. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15151999}. M6ATAR00217 Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) CYPIB1; Hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase CP1B1_HUMAN hsa:1545 HGNC:2597 . ENSG00000138061 1545 CYP1B1 Protein coding 2p22.2 MGTSLSPNDPWPLNPLSIQQTTLLLLLSVLATVHVGQRLLRQRRRQLRSAPPGPFAWPLIGNAAAVGQAAHLSFARLARRYGDVFQIRLGSCPIVVLNGERAIHQALVQQGSAFADRPAFASFRVVSGGRSMAFGHYSEHWKVQRRAAHSMMRNFFTRQPRSRQVLEGHVLSEARELVALLVRGSADGAFLDPRPLTVVAVANVMSAVCFGCRYSHDDPEFRELLSHNEEFGRTVGAGSLVDVMPWLQYFPNPVRTVFREFEQLNRNFSNFILDKFLRHCESLRPGAAPRDMMDAFILSAEKKAAGDSHGGGARLDLENVPATITDIFGASQDTLSTALQWLLLLFTRYPDVQTRVQAELDQVVGRDRLPCMGDQPNLPYVLAFLYEAMRFSSFVPVTIPHATTANTSVLGYHIPKDTVVFVNQWSVNHDPLKWPNPENFDPARFLDKDGLINKDLTSRVMIFSVGKRRCIGEELSKMQLFLFISILAHQCDFRANPNEPAKMNFSYGLTIKPKSFKVNVTLRESMELLDSAVQNLQAKETCQ cytochrome P450 family A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Exhibits catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2- and 4-hydroxy E1 and E2. Displays a predominant hydroxylase activity toward E2 at the C-4 position. Metabolizes testosterone and progesterone to B or D ring hydroxylated metabolites. May act as a major enzyme for all-trans retinoic acid biosynthesis in extrahepatic tissues. Catalyzes two successive oxidative transformation of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal and then to the active form all-trans retinoic acid. Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of certain PUFA. Converts arachidonic acid toward epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EpETrE) regioisomers, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15- EpETrE, that function as lipid mediators in the vascular system. Additionally, displays dehydratase activity toward oxygenated eicosanoids hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoates (HpETEs). This activity is independent of cytochrome P450 reductase, NADPH, and O2. Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, particularly converting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic aryl amines procarcinogens to DNA-damaging products. Plays an important role in retinal vascular development. Under hyperoxic O2 conditions, promotes retinal angiogenesis and capillary morphogenesis, likely by metabolizing the oxygenated products generated during the oxidative stress. Also, contributes to oxidative homeostasis and ultrastructural organization and function of trabecular meshwork tissue through modulation of POSTN expression (By similarity). M6ATAR00218 Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) CYPIIC8; Cytochrome P450 IIC2; Cytochrome P450 MP-12; Cytochrome P450 MP-20; Cytochrome P450 form 1; S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase CP2C8_HUMAN hsa:1558 HGNC:2622 . ENSG00000138115 1558 CYP2C8 Protein coding 10q23.33 MEPFVVLVLCLSFMLLFSLWRQSCRRRKLPPGPTPLPIIGNMLQIDVKDICKSFTNFSKVYGPVFTVYFGMNPIVVFHGYEAVKEALIDNGEEFSGRGNSPISQRITKGLGIISSNGKRWKEIRRFSLTTLRNFGMGKRSIEDRVQEEAHCLVEELRKTKASPCDPTFILGCAPCNVICSVVFQKRFDYKDQNFLTLMKRFNENFRILNSPWIQVCNNFPLLIDCFPGTHNKVLKNVALTRSYIREKVKEHQASLDVNNPRDFIDCFLIKMEQEKDNQKSEFNIENLVGTVADLFVAGTETTSTTLRYGLLLLLKHPEVTAKVQEEIDHVIGRHRSPCMQDRSHMPYTDAVVHEIQRYSDLVPTGVPHAVTTDTKFRNYLIPKGTTIMALLTSVLHDDKEFPNPNIFDPGHFLDKNGNFKKSDYFMPFSAGKRICAGEGLARMELFLFLTTILQNFNLKSVDDLKNLNTTAVTKGIVSLPPSYQICFIPV cytochrome P450 family A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins . Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Primarily catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with a preference for the last double bond. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes all trans-retinoic acid toward its 4-hydroxylated form. Displays 16-alpha hydroxylase activity toward estrogen steroid hormones, 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism of the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol). M6ATAR00765 Cytokine-responsive protein CR6 (GADD45-Gamma) CR6; DDIT2; Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma ; Cytokine-responsive protein CR6 ; DNA damage-inducible transcript 2 protein; DDIT-2 GA45G_HUMAN hsa:10912 HGNC:4097 . ENSG00000130222.11 10912 GADD45-Gamma Protein coding 9q22.2 MTLEEVRGQDTVPESTARMQGAGKALHELLLSAQRQGCLTAGVYESAKVLNVDPDNVTFCVLAAGEEDEGDIALQIHFTLIQAFCCENDIDIVRVGDVQRLAAIVGAGEEAGAPGDLHCILISNPNEDAWKDPALEKLSLFCEESRSVNDWVPSITLPE GADD45 family Involved in the regulation of growth and apoptosis. Mediates activation of stress-responsive MTK1/MEKK4 MAPKKK. M6ATAR00693 Dapper homolog 1 (DACT1) hDPR1; Dapper antagonist of catenin 1; Hepatocellular carcinoma novel gene 3 protein DACT1_HUMAN hsa:51339 HGNC:17748 . ENSG00000165617 51339 DACT1 Protein coding 14q23.1 MKPSPAGTAKELEPPAPARGEQRTAEPEGRWREKGEADTERQRTRERQEATLAGLAELEYLRQRQELLVRGALRGAGGAGAAAPRAGELLGEAAQRSRLEEKFLEENILLLRKQLNCLRRRDAGLLNQLQELDKQISDLRLDVEKTSEEHLETDSRPSSGFYELSDGASGSLSNSSNSVFSECLSSCHSSTCFCSPLEATLSLSDGCPKSADLIGLLEYKEGHCEDQASGAVCRSLSTPQFNSLDVIADVNPKYQCDLVSKNGNDVYRYPSPLHAVAVQSPMFLLCLTGNPLREEDRLGNHASDICGGSELDAVKTDSSLPSPSSLWSASHPSSSKKMDGYILSLVQKKTHPVRTNKPRTSVNADPTKGLLRNGSVCVRAPGGVSQGNSVNLKNSKQACLPSGGIPSLNNGTFSPPKQWSKESKAEQAESKRVPLPEGCPSGAASDLQSKHLPKTAKPASQEHARCSAIGTGESPKESAQLSGASPKESPSRGPAPPQENKVVQPLKKMSQKNSLQGVPPATPPLLSTAFPVEERPALDFKSEGSSQSLEEAHLVKAQFIPGQQPSVRLHRGHRNMGVVKNSSLKHRGPALQGLENGLPTVREKTRAGSKKCRFPDDLDTNKKLKKASSKGRKSGGGPEAGVPGRPAGGGHRAGSRAHGHGREAVVAKPKHKRTDYRRWKSSAEISYEEALRRARRGRRENVGLYPAPVPLPYASPYAYVASDSEYSAECESLFHSTVVDTSEDEQSNYTTNCFGDSESSVSEGEFVGESTTTSDSEESGGLIWSQFVQTLPIQTVTAPDLHNHPAKTFVKIKASHNLKKKILRFRSGSLKLMTTV Dapper family Involved in regulation of intracellular signaling pathways during development. Specifically thought to play a role in canonical and/or non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways through interaction with DSH (Dishevelled) family proteins. The activation/inhibition of Wnt signaling may depend on the phosphorylation status. Proposed to regulate the degradation of CTNNB1/beta-catenin, thereby modulating the transcriptional activation of target genes of the Wnt signaling pathway. Its function in stabilizing CTNNB1 may involve inhibition of GSK3B activity. Promotes the membrane localization of CTNNB1. The cytoplasmic form can induce DVL2 degradation via a lysosome-dependent mechanism; the function is inhibited by PKA-induced binding to 14-3-3 proteins, such as YWHAB. Seems to be involved in morphogenesis at the primitive streak by regulating VANGL2 and DVL2; the function seems to be independent of canonical Wnt signaling and rather involves the non-canonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway (By similarity). The nuclear form may prevent the formation of LEF1:CTNNB1 complex and recruit HDAC1 to LEF1 at target gene promoters to repress transcription thus antagonizing Wnt signaling. May be involved in positive regulation of fat cell differentiation. During neuronal differentiation may be involved in excitatory synapse organization, and dendrite formation and establishment of spines. M6ATAR00711 DBH antisense RNA 1 (Lnc_DBH-AS1) BPR; NCRNA00118 . . HGNC:24155 . ENSG00000225756 138948 Lnc_DBH-AS1 LncRNA 9q34.2 . . . M6ATAR00622 Death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) DAP kinase 2; DAP-kinase-related protein 1; DRP-1 DAPK2_HUMAN hsa:23604 HGNC:2675 . ENSG00000035664 23604 DAPK2 Protein coding 15q22.31 MFQASMRSPNMEPFKQQKVEDFYDIGEELGSGQFAIVKKCREKSTGLEYAAKFIKKRQSRASRRGVSREEIEREVSILRQVLHHNVITLHDVYENRTDVVLILELVSGGELFDFLAQKESLSEEEATSFIKQILDGVNYLHTKKIAHFDLKPENIMLLDKNIPIPHIKLIDFGLAHEIEDGVEFKNIFGTPEFVAPEIVNYEPLGLEADMWSIGVITYILLSGASPFLGDTKQETLANITAVSYDFDEEFFSQTSELAKDFIRKLLVKETRKRLTIQEALRHPWITPVDNQQAMVRRESVVNLENFRKQYVRRRWKLSFSIVSLCNHLTRSLMKKVHLRPDEDLRNCESDTEEDIARRKALHPRRRSSTS Protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family, DAP kinase subfamily Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase involved in multiple cellular signaling pathways that trigger cell survival, apoptosis, and autophagy. Regulates both type I apoptotic and type II autophagic cell death signals, depending on the cellular setting. The former is caspase-dependent, while the latter is caspase-independent and is characterized by the accumulation of autophagic vesicles. Acts as a mediator of anoikis and a suppressor of beta-catenin-dependent anchorage-independent growth of malignant epithelial cells. May play a role in granulocytic maturation. Regulates granulocytic motility by controlling cell spreading and polarization. M6ATAR00690 Death-associated protein kinase 3 (DAPK3) DAP kinase 3; DAP-like kinase; Dlk; MYPT1 kinase; Zipper-interacting protein kinase; ZIP-kinase DAPK3_HUMAN hsa:1613 HGNC:2676 . ENSG00000167657 1613 DAPK3 Protein coding 19p13.3 MSTFRQEDVEDHYEMGEELGSGQFAIVRKCRQKGTGKEYAAKFIKKRRLSSSRRGVSREEIEREVNILREIRHPNIITLHDIFENKTDVVLILELVSGGELFDFLAEKESLTEDEATQFLKQILDGVHYLHSKRIAHFDLKPENIMLLDKNVPNPRIKLIDFGIAHKIEAGNEFKNIFGTPEFVAPEIVNYEPLGLEADMWSIGVITYILLSGASPFLGETKQETLTNISAVNYDFDEEYFSNTSELAKDFIRRLLVKDPKRRMTIAQSLEHSWIKAIRRRNVRGEDSGRKPERRRLKTTRLKEYTIKSHSSLPPNNSYADFERFSKVLEEAAAAEEGLRELQRSRRLCHEDVEALAAIYEEKEAWYREESDSLGQDLRRLRQELLKTEALKRQAQEEAKGALLGTSGLKRRFSRLENRYEALAKQVASEMRFVQDLVRALEQEKLQGVECGLR Protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family, DAP kinase subfamily Serine/threonine kinase which is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, autophagy, transcription, translation and actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Regulates both type I (caspase-dependent) apoptotic and type II (caspase-independent) autophagic cell deaths signal, depending on the cellular setting. Involved in regulation of starvation-induced autophagy. Regulates myosin phosphorylation in both smooth muscle and non-muscle cells. In smooth muscle, regulates myosin either directly by phosphorylating MYL12B and MYL9 or through inhibition of smooth muscle myosin phosphatase (SMPP1M) via phosphorylation of PPP1R12A; the inhibition of SMPP1M functions to enhance muscle responsiveness to Ca(2+) and promote a contractile state. Phosphorylates MYL12B in non-muscle cells leading to reorganization of actin cytoskeleton. Isoform 2 can phosphorylate myosin, PPP1R12A and MYL12B. Overexpression leads to condensation of actin stress fibers into thick bundles. Involved in actin filament focal adhesion dynamics. The function in both reorganization of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion dissolution is modulated by RhoD. Positively regulates canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling through interaction with NLK and TCF7L2. Phosphorylates RPL13A on 'Ser-77' upon interferon-gamma activation which is causing RPL13A release from the ribosome, RPL13A association with the GAIT complex and its subsequent involvement in transcript-selective translation inhibition. Enhances transcription from AR-responsive promoters in a hormone- and kinase-dependent manner. Involved in regulation of cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. May be a tumor suppressor. M6ATAR00151 Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 (DLEU2/LINC00022) DLEU2; DLB2BCMSUNRFP2OS; ret finger protein 2 opposite strand; deleted in lymphocytic leukemia, 2; deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 (non-protein coding); LEU2; TRIM13OS; NCRNA00022; LINC00022; MIR15AHG; non-protein coding RNA 22; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 22; mir-15a-16-1 cluster host gene (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:13748 . ENSG00000231607 8847 DLEU2 LncRNA 13q14.2 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00231 Desmocollin-1 (DSC1) Cadherin family member 1; Desmosomal glycoprotein 2/3; DG2/DG3; CDHF1 DSC1_HUMAN hsa:1823 HGNC:3035 . ENSG00000134765 1823 DSC1 Protein coding 18q12.1 MALASAAPGSIFCKQLLFSLLVLTLLCDACQKVYLRVPSHLQAETLVGKVNLEECLKSASLIRSSDPAFRILEDGSIYTTHDLILSSERKSFSIFLSDGQRREQQEIKVVLSARENKSPKKRHTKDTALKRSKRRWAPIPASLMENSLGPFPQHVQQIQSDAAQNYTIFYSISGPGVDKEPFNLFYIEKDTGDIFCTRSIDREKYEQFALYGYATTADGYAPEYPLPLIIKIEDDNDNAPYFEHRVTIFTVPENCRSGTSVGKVTATDLDEPDTLHTRLKYKILQQIPDHPKHFSIHPDTGVITTTTPFLDREKCDTYQLIMEVRDMGGQPFGLFNTGTITISLEDENDNPPSFTETSYVTEVEENRIDVEILRMKVQDQDLPNTPHSKAVYKILQGNENGNFIISTDPNTNEGVLCVVKPLNYEVNRQVILQVGVINEAQFSKAASSQTPTMCTTTVTVKIIDSDEGPECHPPVKVIQSQDGFPAGQELLGYKALDPEISSGEGLRYQKLGDEDNWFEINQHTGDLRTLKVLDRESKFVKNNQYNISVVAVDAVGRSCTGTLVVHLDDYNDHAPQIDKEVTICQNNEDFAVLKPVDPDGPENGPPFQFFLDNSASKNWNIEEKDGKTAILRQRQNLDYNYYSVPIQIKDRHGLVATHMLTVRVCDCSTPSECRMKDKSTRDVRPNVILGRWAILAMVLGSVLLLCILFTCFCVTAKRTVKKCFPEDIAQQNLIVSNTEGPGEEVTEANIRLPMQTSNICDTSMSVGTVGGQGIKTQQSFEMVKGGYTLDSNKGGGHQTLESVKGVGQGDTGRYAYTDWQSFTQPRLGEKVYLCGQDEEHKHCEDYVCSYNYEGKGSLAGSVGCCSDRQEEEGLEFLDHLEPKFRTLAKTCIKK . Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. May contribute to epidermal cell positioning (stratification) by mediating differential adhesiveness between cells that express different isoforms. Linked to the keratinization of epithelial tissues. M6ATAR00230 Developmentally-regulated GTP-binding protein 1 (DRG1) DRG-1; Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 3; NEDD-3; Translation factor GTPase DRG1; TRAFAC GTPase DRG1; NEDD3 DRG1_HUMAN hsa:4733 HGNC:3029 . ENSG00000185721 4733 DRG1 Protein coding 22q12.2 MSSTLAKIAEIEAEMARTQKNKATAHHLGLLKARLAKLRRELITPKGGGGGGPGEGFDVAKTGDARIGFVGFPSVGKSTLLSNLAGVYSEVAAYEFTTLTTVPGVIRYKGAKIQLLDLPGIIEGAKDGKGRGRQVIAVARTCNLILIVLDVLKPLGHKKIIENELEGFGIRLNSKPPNIGFKKKDKGGINLTATCPQSELDAETVKSILAEYKIHNADVTLRSDATADDLIDVVEGNRVYIPCIYVLNKIDQISIEELDIIYKVPHCVPISAHHRWNFDDLLEKIWDYLKLVRIYTKPKGQLPDYTSPVVLPYSRTTVEDFCMKIHKNLIKEFKYALVWGLSVKHNPQKVGKDHTLEDEDVIQIVKK TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily; OBG GTPase family Catalyzes the conversion of GTP to GDP through hydrolysis of the gamma-phosphate bond in GTP. Appears to have an intrinsic GTPase activity that is stimulated by ZC3H15/DFRP1 binding likely by increasing the affinity for the potassium ions. When hydroxylated at C-3 of 'Lys-22' by JMJD7, may bind to RNA and play a role in translation. Binds to microtubules and promotes microtubule polymerization and stability that are required for mitotic spindle assembly during prophase to anaphase transition. GTPase activity is not necessary for these microtubule-related functions. M6ATAR00643 Dexamethasone-induced Ras-related protein 1 (RASD1) Activator of G-protein signaling 1 RASD1_HUMAN hsa:51655 HGNC:15828 . ENSG00000108551 51655 RASD1 Protein coding 17p11.2 MKLAAMIKKMCPSDSELSIPAKNCYRMVILGSSKVGKTAIVSRFLTGRFEDAYTPTIEDFHRKFYSIRGEVYQLDILDTSGNHPFPAMRRLSILTGDVFILVFSLDNRDSFEEVQRLRQQILDTKSCLKNKTKENVDVPLVICGNKGDRDFYREVDQREIEQLVGDDPQRCAYFEISAKKNSSLDQMFRALFAMAKLPSEMSPDLHRKVSVQYCDVLHKKALRNKKLLRAGSGGGGGDPGDAFGIVAPFARRPSVHSDLMYIREKASAGSQAKDKERCVIS Small GTPase superfamily, RasD family Small GTPase. Negatively regulates the transcription regulation activity of the APBB1/FE65-APP complex via its interaction with APBB1/FE65 (By similarity). M6ATAR00227 Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) Acyl-CoA retinol O-fatty-acyltransferase; ARAT; Retinol O-fatty-acyltransferase; Diglyceride acyltransferase 2; HMFN1045; UNQ738/PRO1433 DGAT2_HUMAN hsa:84649 HGNC:16940 . ENSG00000062282 84649 DGAT2 Protein coding 11q13.5 MKTLIAAYSGVLRGERQAEADRSQRSHGGPALSREGSGRWGTGSSILSALQDLFSVTWLNRSKVEKQLQVISVLQWVLSFLVLGVACSAILMYIFCTDCWLIAVLYFTWLVFDWNTPKKGGRRSQWVRNWAVWRYFRDYFPIQLVKTHNLLTTRNYIFGYHPHGIMGLGAFCNFSTEATEVSKKFPGIRPYLATLAGNFRMPVLREYLMSGGICPVSRDTIDYLLSKNGSGNAIIIVVGGAAESLSSMPGKNAVTLRNRKGFVKLALRHGADLVPIYSFGENEVYKQVIFEEGSWGRWVQKKFQKYIGFAPCIFHGRGLFSSDTWGLVPYSKPITTVVGEPITIPKLEHPTQQDIDLYHTMYMEALVKLFDKHKTKFGLPETEVLEVN diacylglycerol acyltransferase family Essential acyltransferase that catalyzes the terminal and only committed step in triacylglycerol synthesis by using diacylglycerol and fatty acyl CoA as substrates. Required for synthesis and storage of intracellular triglycerides. Probably plays a central role in cytosolic lipid accumulation. In liver, is primarily responsible for incorporating endogenously synthesized fatty acids into triglycerides (By similarity). Functions also as an acyl-CoA retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) (By similarity). Also able to use 1-monoalkylglycerol (1-MAkG) as an acyl acceptor for the synthesis of monoalkyl-monoacylglycerol (MAMAG). M6ATAR00627 DIAPH1 antisense RNA 1 (DIAPH1-AS1) . . . HGNC:40177 . ENSG00000246422 100505658 DIAPH1-AS1 LncRNA 5q31.3 . . . M6ATAR00721 Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) Dickkopf-1; Dkk-1; hDkk-1; SK DKK1_HUMAN hsa:22943 HGNC:2891 . ENSG00000107984 22943 DKK1 Protein coding 10q21.1 MMALGAAGATRVFVAMVAAALGGHPLLGVSATLNSVLNSNAIKNLPPPLGGAAGHPGSAVSAAPGILYPGGNKYQTIDNYQPYPCAEDEECGTDEYCASPTRGGDAGVQICLACRKRRKRCMRHAMCCPGNYCKNGICVSSDQNHFRGEIEETITESFGNDHSTLDGYSRRTTLSSKMYHTKGQEGSVCLRSSDCASGLCCARHFWSKICKPVLKEGQVCTKHRRKGSHGLEIFQRCYCGEGLSCRIQKDHHQASNSSRLHTCQRH Dickkopf family Antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling by inhibiting LRP5/6 interaction with Wnt and by forming a ternary complex with the transmembrane protein KREMEN that promotes internalization of LRP5/6. DKKs play an important role in vertebrate development, where they locally inhibit Wnt regulated processes such as antero-posterior axial patterning, limb development, somitogenesis and eye formation. In the adult, Dkks are implicated in bone formation and bone disease, cancer and Alzheimer disease. Inhibits the pro-apoptotic function of KREMEN1 in a Wnt-independent manner, and has anti-apoptotic activity (By similarity). M6ATAR00122 DLGAP1 antisense RNA 1 (DLGAP1-AS1) DLGAP1-AS1; DLGAP1 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding); HsT914; FLJ35776 . . HGNC:31676 . ENSG00000177337 649446 DLGAP1-AS1 LncRNA 18p11.31 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00027 DMDRMR . . . . . . . DMDRMR LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00658 DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) Dnmt3b; DNA methyltransferase HsaIIIB; DNA MTase HsaIIIB; M.HsaIIIB DNM3B_HUMAN hsa:1789 HGNC:2979 . ENSG00000088305 1789 DNMT3B Protein coding 20q11.21 MKGDTRHLNGEEDAGGREDSILVNGACSDQSSDSPPILEAIRTPEIRGRRSSSRLSKREVSSLLSYTQDLTGDGDGEDGDGSDTPVMPKLFRETRTRSESPAVRTRNNNSVSSRERHRPSPRSTRGRQGRNHVDESPVEFPATRSLRRRATASAGTPWPSPPSSYLTIDLTDDTEDTHGTPQSSSTPYARLAQDSQQGGMESPQVEADSGDGDSSEYQDGKEFGIGDLVWGKIKGFSWWPAMVVSWKATSKRQAMSGMRWVQWFGDGKFSEVSADKLVALGLFSQHFNLATFNKLVSYRKAMYHALEKARVRAGKTFPSSPGDSLEDQLKPMLEWAHGGFKPTGIEGLKPNNTQPVVNKSKVRRAGSRKLESRKYENKTRRRTADDSATSDYCPAPKRLKTNCYNNGKDRGDEDQSREQMASDVANNKSSLEDGCLSCGRKNPVSFHPLFEGGLCQTCRDRFLELFYMYDDDGYQSYCTVCCEGRELLLCSNTSCCRCFCVECLEVLVGTGTAAEAKLQEPWSCYMCLPQRCHGVLRRRKDWNVRLQAFFTSDTGLEYEAPKLYPAIPAARRRPIRVLSLFDGIATGYLVLKELGIKVGKYVASEVCEESIAVGTVKHEGNIKYVNDVRNITKKNIEEWGPFDLVIGGSPCNDLSNVNPARKGLYEGTGRLFFEFYHLLNYSRPKEGDDRPFFWMFENVVAMKVGDKRDISRFLECNPVMIDAIKVSAAHRARYFWGNLPGMNRPVIASKNDKLELQDCLEYNRIAKLKKVQTITTKSNSIKQGKNQLFPVVMNGKEDVLWCTELERIFGFPVHYTDVSNMGRGARQKLLGRSWSVPVIRHLFAPLKDYFACE Class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily, C5-methyltransferase family Required for genome-wide de novo methylation and is essential for the establishment of DNA methylation patterns during development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. May preferentially methylates nucleosomal DNA within the nucleosome core region. May function as transcriptional co-repressor by associating with CBX4 and independently of DNA methylation. Seems to be involved in gene silencing (By similarity). In association with DNMT1 and via the recruitment of CTCFL/BORIS, involved in activation of BAG1 gene expression by modulating dimethylation of promoter histone H3 at H3K4 and H3K9. Isoforms 4 and 5 are probably not functional due to the deletion of two conserved methyltransferase motifs. Functions as a transcriptional corepressor by associating with ZHX1. Required for DUX4 silencing in somatic cells. M6ATAR00681 DNA damage-binding protein 2 (DDB2) DDB p48 subunit; DDBb; Damage-specific DNA-binding protein 2; UV-damaged DNA-binding protein 2; UV-DDB 2 DDB2_HUMAN hsa:1643 HGNC:2718 . ENSG00000134574 1643 DDB2 Protein coding 11p11.2 MAPKKRPETQKTSEIVLRPRNKRSRSPLELEPEAKKLCAKGSGPSRRCDSDCLWVGLAGPQILPPCRSIVRTLHQHKLGRASWPSVQQGLQQSFLHTLDSYRILQKAAPFDRRATSLAWHPTHPSTVAVGSKGGDIMLWNFGIKDKPTFIKGIGAGGSITGLKFNPLNTNQFYASSMEGTTRLQDFKGNILRVFASSDTINIWFCSLDVSASSRMVVTGDNVGNVILLNMDGKELWNLRMHKKKVTHVALNPCCDWFLATASVDQTVKIWDLRQVRGKASFLYSLPHRHPVNAACFSPDGARLLTTDQKSEIRVYSASQWDCPLGLIPHPHRHFQHLTPIKAAWHPRYNLIVVGRYPDPNFKSCTPYELRTIDVFDGNSGKMMCQLYDPESSGISSLNEFNPMGDTLASAMGYHILIWSQEEARTRK WD repeat DDB2/WDR76 family Protein, which is both involved in DNA repair and protein ubiquitination, as part of the UV-DDB complex and DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) complexes, respectively. Core component of the UV-DDB complex (UV-damaged DNA-binding protein complex), a complex that recognizes UV-induced DNA damage and recruit proteins of the nucleotide excision repair pathway (the NER pathway) to initiate DNA repair. The UV-DDB complex preferentially binds to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), 6-4 photoproducts (6-4 PP), apurinic sites and short mismatches. Also functions as the substrate recognition module for the DCX (DDB2-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex DDB2-CUL4-ROC1 (also known as CUL4-DDB-ROC1 and CUL4-DDB-RBX1). The DDB2-CUL4-ROC1 complex may ubiquitinate histone H2A, histone H3 and histone H4 at sites of UV-induced DNA damage. The ubiquitination of histones may facilitate their removal from the nucleosome and promote subsequent DNA repair. The DDB2-CUL4-ROC1 complex also ubiquitinates XPC, which may enhance DNA-binding by XPC and promote NER. The DDB2-CUL4-ROC1 complex also ubiquitinates KAT7/HBO1 in response to DNA damage, leading to its degradation: recognizes KAT7/HBO1 following phosphorylation by ATR; Inhibits UV-damaged DNA repair; Inhibits UV-damaged DNA repair. M6ATAR00470 DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3/CHOP) DDIT-3; C/EBP zeta; C/EBP-homologous protein; CHOP; C/EBP-homologous protein 10; CHOP-10; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein; Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD153; CHOP; CHOP10; GADD153 DDIT3_HUMAN hsa:1649 HGNC:2726 . ENSG00000175197 9575 DDIT3 Protein coding . MAAESLPFSFGTLSSWELEAWYEDLQEVLSSDENGGTYVSPPGNEEEESKIFTTLDPASLAWLTEEEPEPAEVTSTSQSPHSPDSSQSSLAQEEEEEDQGRTRKRKQSGHSPARAGKQRMKEKEQENERKVAQLAEENERLKQEIERLTREVEATRRALIDRMVNLHQA bZIP family. {ECO:0000305}. Multifunctional transcription factor in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Plays an essential role in the response to a wide variety of cell stresses and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to ER stress. Plays a dual role both as an inhibitor of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) function and as an activator of other genes (By similarity). Acts as a dominant-negative regulator of C/EBP-induced transcription: dimerizes with members of the C/EBP family, impairs their association with C/EBP binding sites in the promoter regions, and inhibits the expression of C/EBP regulated genes (By similarity). Positively regulates the transcription of TRIB3, IL6, IL8, IL23, TNFRSF10B/DR5, PPP1R15A/GADD34, BBC3/PUMA, BCL2L11/BIM and ERO1L. Negatively regulates; expression of BCL2 and MYOD1, ATF4-dependent transcriptional activation of asparagine synthetase (ASNS), CEBPA-dependent transcriptional activation of hepcidin (HAMP) and CEBPB-mediated expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) . Together with ATF4, mediates ER-mediated cell death by promoting expression of genes involved in cellular amino acid metabolic processes, mRNA translation and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in response to ER stress (By similarity). Inhibits the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by binding to TCF7L2/TCF4, impairing its DNA-binding properties and repressing its transcriptional activity. Plays a regulatory role in the inflammatory response through the induction of caspase-11 (CASP4/CASP11) which induces the activation of caspase-1 (CASP1) and both these caspases increase the activation of pro-IL1B to mature IL1B which is involved in the inflammatory response (By similarity). Acts as a major regulator of postnatal neovascularization through regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3)-related signaling (By similarity). M6ATAR00225 DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein (DDIT4) HIF-1 responsive protein RTP801; Protein regulated in development and DNA damage response 1; REDD-1; REDD1; RTP801 DDIT4_HUMAN hsa:54541 HGNC:24944 . ENSG00000168209 54541 DDIT4 Protein coding 10q22.1 MPSLWDRFSSSSTSSSPSSLPRTPTPDRPPRSAWGSATREEGFDRSTSLESSDCESLDSSNSGFGPEEDTAYLDGVSLPDFELLSDPEDEHLCANLMQLLQESLAQARLGSRRPARLLMPSQLVSQVGKELLRLAYSEPCGLRGALLDVCVEQGKSCHSVGQLALDPSLVPTFQLTLVLRLDSRLWPKIQGLFSSANSPFLPGFSQSLTLSTGFRVIKKKLYSSEQLLIEEC DDIT4 family Regulates cell growth, proliferation and survival via inhibition of the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Inhibition of mTORC1 is mediated by a pathway that involves DDIT4/REDD1, AKT1, the TSC1-TSC2 complex and the GTPase RHEB. Plays an important role in responses to cellular energy levels and cellular stress, including responses to hypoxia and DNA damage. Regulates p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis in response to DNA damage via its effect on mTORC1 activity. Its role in the response to hypoxia depends on the cell type; it mediates mTORC1 inhibition in fibroblasts and thymocytes, but not in hepatocytes (By similarity). Required for mTORC1-mediated defense against viral protein synthesis and virus replication (By similarity). Inhibits neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth mediated by NGF via its effect on mTORC1 activity. Required for normal neuron migration during embryonic brain development. Plays a role in neuronal cell death. M6ATAR00246 DNA excision repair protein ERCC-1 (ERCC1) . ERCC1_HUMAN hsa:2067 HGNC:3433 . ENSG00000012061 2067 ERCC1 Protein coding 19q13.32 MDPGKDKEGVPQPSGPPARKKFVIPLDEDEVPPGVAKPLFRSTQSLPTVDTSAQAAPQTYAEYAISQPLEGAGATCPTGSEPLAGETPNQALKPGAKSNSIIVSPRQRGNPVLKFVRNVPWEFGDVIPDYVLGQSTCALFLSLRYHNLHPDYIHGRLQSLGKNFALRVLLVQVDVKDPQQALKELAKMCILADCTLILAWSPEEAGRYLETYKAYEQKPADLLMEKLEQDFVSRVTECLTTVKSVNKTDSQTLLTTFGSLEQLIAASREDLALCPGLGPQKARRLFDVLHEPFLKVP ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family [Isoform 1]: Non-catalytic component of a structure-specific DNA repair endonuclease responsible for the 5'-incision during DNA repair. Responsible, in conjunction with SLX4, for the first step in the repair of interstrand cross-links (ICL). Participates in the processing of anaphase bridge-generating DNA structures, which consist in incompletely processed DNA lesions arising during S or G2 phase, and can result in cytokinesis failure. Also required for homology-directed repair (HDR) of DNA double-strand breaks, in conjunction with SLX4. [Isoform 2]: Not functional in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. [Isoform 3]: Not functional in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. [Isoform 4]: Not functional in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. M6ATAR00481 DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2 (MSH2) hMSH2; MutS protein homolog 2 MSH2_HUMAN hsa:4436 HGNC:7325 . ENSG00000095002 26574 MSH2 Protein coding . MAVQPKETLQLESAAEVGFVRFFQGMPEKPTTTVRLFDRGDFYTAHGEDALLAAREVFKTQGVIKYMGPAGAKNLQSVVLSKMNFESFVKDLLLVRQYRVEVYKNRAGNKASKENDWYLAYKASPGNLSQFEDILFGNNDMSASIGVVGVKMSAVDGQRQVGVGYVDSIQRKLGLCEFPDNDQFSNLEALLIQIGPKECVLPGGETAGDMGKLRQIIQRGGILITERKKADFSTKDIYQDLNRLLKGKKGEQMNSAVLPEMENQVAVSSLSAVIKFLELLSDDSNFGQFELTTFDFSQYMKLDIAAVRALNLFQGSVEDTTGSQSLAALLNKCKTPQGQRLVNQWIKQPLMDKNRIEERLNLVEAFVEDAELRQTLQEDLLRRFPDLNRLAKKFQRQAANLQDCYRLYQGINQLPNVIQALEKHEGKHQKLLLAVFVTPLTDLRSDFSKFQEMIETTLDMDQVENHEFLVKPSFDPNLSELREIMNDLEKKMQSTLISAARDLGLDPGKQIKLDSSAQFGYYFRVTCKEEKVLRNNKNFSTVDIQKNGVKFTNSKLTSLNEEYTKNKTEYEEAQDAIVKEIVNISSGYVEPMQTLNDVLAQLDAVVSFAHVSNGAPVPYVRPAILEKGQGRIILKASRHACVEVQDEIAFIPNDVYFEKDKQMFHIITGPNMGGKSTYIRQTGVIVLMAQIGCFVPCESAEVSIVDCILARVGAGDSQLKGVSTFMAEMLETASILRSATKDSLIIIDELGRGTSTYDGFGLAWAISEYIATKIGAFCMFATHFHELTALANQIPTVNNLHVTALTTEETLTMLYQVKKGVCDQSFGIHVAELANFPKHVIECAKQKALELEEFQYIGESQGYDIMEPAAKKCYLEREQGEKIIQEFLSKVKQMPFTEMSEENITIKLKQLKAEVIAKNNSFVNEIISRIKVTT DNA mismatch repair MutS family. {ECO:0000305}. Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). Forms two different heterodimers: MutS alpha (MSH2-MSH6 heterodimer) and MutS beta (MSH2-MSH3 heterodimer) which binds to DNA mismatches thereby initiating DNA repair. When bound, heterodimers bend the DNA helix and shields approximately 20 base pairs. MutS alpha recognizes single base mismatches and dinucleotide insertion-deletion loops (IDL) in the DNA. MutS beta recognizes larger insertion-deletion loops up to 13 nucleotides long. After mismatch binding, MutS alpha or beta forms a ternary complex with the MutL alpha heterodimer, which is thought to be responsible for directing the downstream MMR events, including strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis. Recruits DNA helicase MCM9 to chromatin which unwinds the mismatch containing DNA strand. ATP binding and hydrolysis play a pivotal role in mismatch repair functions. The ATPase activity associated with MutS alpha regulates binding similar to a molecular switch: mismatched DNA provokes ADP-->ATP exchange, resulting in a discernible conformational transition that converts MutS alpha into a sliding clamp capable of hydrolysis-independent diffusion along the DNA backbone. This transition is crucial for mismatch repair. MutS alpha may also play a role in DNA homologous recombination repair. In melanocytes may modulate both UV-B-induced cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. M6ATAR00482 DNA mismatch repair protein Msh6 (MSH6) hMSH6; G/T mismatch-binding protein; GTBP; GTMBP; MutS protein homolog 6; MutS-alpha 160 kDa subunit; p160; GTBP MSH6_HUMAN hsa:2956 HGNC:7329 . ENSG00000116062 2956 MSH6 Protein coding . MSRQSTLYSFFPKSPALSDANKASARASREGGRAAAAPGASPSPGGDAAWSEAGPGPRPLARSASPPKAKNLNGGLRRSVAPAAPTSCDFSPGDLVWAKMEGYPWWPCLVYNHPFDGTFIREKGKSVRVHVQFFDDSPTRGWVSKRLLKPYTGSKSKEAQKGGHFYSAKPEILRAMQRADEALNKDKIKRLELAVCDEPSEPEEEEEMEVGTTYVTDKSEEDNEIESEEEVQPKTQGSRRSSRQIKKRRVISDSESDIGGSDVEFKPDTKEEGSSDEISSGVGDSESEGLNSPVKVARKRKRMVTGNGSLKRKSSRKETPSATKQATSISSETKNTLRAFSAPQNSESQAHVSGGGDDSSRPTVWYHETLEWLKEEKRRDEHRRRPDHPDFDASTLYVPEDFLNSCTPGMRKWWQIKSQNFDLVICYKVGKFYELYHMDALIGVSELGLVFMKGNWAHSGFPEIAFGRYSDSLVQKGYKVARVEQTETPEMMEARCRKMAHISKYDRVVRREICRIITKGTQTYSVLEGDPSENYSKYLLSLKEKEEDSSGHTRAYGVCFVDTSLGKFFIGQFSDDRHCSRFRTLVAHYPPVQVLFEKGNLSKETKTILKSSLSCSLQEGLIPGSQFWDASKTLRTLLEEEYFREKLSDGIGVMLPQVLKGMTSESDSIGLTPGEKSELALSALGGCVFYLKKCLIDQELLSMANFEEYIPLDSDTVSTTRSGAIFTKAYQRMVLDAVTLNNLEIFLNGTNGSTEGTLLERVDTCHTPFGKRLLKQWLCAPLCNHYAINDRLDAIEDLMVVPDKISEVVELLKKLPDLERLLSKIHNVGSPLKSQNHPDSRAIMYEETTYSKKKIIDFLSALEGFKVMCKIIGIMEEVADGFKSKILKQVISLQTKNPEGRFPDLTVELNRWDTAFDHEKARKTGLITPKAGFDSDYDQALADIRENEQSLLEYLEKQRNRIGCRTIVYWGIGRNRYQLEIPENFTTRNLPEEYELKSTKKGCKRYWTKTIEKKLANLINAEERRDVSLKDCMRRLFYNFDKNYKDWQSAVECIAVLDVLLCLANYSRGGDGPMCRPVILLPEDTPPFLELKGSRHPCITKTFFGDDFIPNDILIGCEEEEQENGKAYCVLVTGPNMGGKSTLMRQAGLLAVMAQMGCYVPAEVCRLTPIDRVFTRLGASDRIMSGESTFFVELSETASILMHATAHSLVLVDELGRGTATFDGTAIANAVVKELAETIKCRTLFSTHYHSLVEDYSQNVAVRLGHMACMVENECEDPSQETITFLYKFIKGACPKSYGFNAARLANLPEEVIQKGHRKAREFEKMNQSLRLFREVCLASERSTVDAEAVHKLLTLIKEL DNA mismatch repair MutS family. {ECO:0000305}. Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). Heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form MutS alpha, which binds to DNA mismatches thereby initiating DNA repair. When bound, MutS alpha bends the DNA helix and shields approximately 20 base pairs, and recognizes single base mismatches and dinucleotide insertion-deletion loops (IDL) in the DNA. After mismatch binding, forms a ternary complex with the MutL alpha heterodimer, which is thought to be responsible for directing the downstream MMR events, including strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis. ATP binding and hydrolysis play a pivotal role in mismatch repair functions. The ATPase activity associated with MutS alpha regulates binding similar to a molecular switch: mismatched DNA provokes ADP-->ATP exchange, resulting in a discernible conformational transition that converts MutS alpha into a sliding clamp capable of hydrolysis-independent diffusion along the DNA backbone. This transition is crucial for mismatch repair. MutS alpha may also play a role in DNA homologous recombination repair. Recruited on chromatin in G1 and early S phase via its PWWP domain that specifically binds trimethylated 'Lys-36' of histone H3 (H3K36me3): early recruitment to chromatin to be replicated allowing a quick identification of mismatch repair to initiate the DNA mismatch repair reaction. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10078208, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10660545, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15064730, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21120944, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23622243, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9564049, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9822679, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9822680}. M6ATAR00371 DNA polymerase kappa (Pol Kappa/POLK) DINB protein; DINP; DINB1 POLK_HUMAN hsa:51426 HGNC:9183 . ENSG00000122008 51426 POLK Protein coding 5q13.3 MDSTKEKCDSYKDDLLLRMGLNDNKAGMEGLDKEKINKIIMEATKGSRFYGNELKKEKQVNQRIENMMQQKAQITSQQLRKAQLQVDRFAMELEQSRNLSNTIVHIDMDAFYAAVEMRDNPELKDKPIAVGSMSMLSTSNYHARRFGVRAAMPGFIAKRLCPQLIIVPPNFDKYRAVSKEVKEILADYDPNFMAMSLDEAYLNITKHLEERQNWPEDKRRYFIKMGSSVENDNPGKEVNKLSEHERSISPLLFEESPSDVQPPGDPFQVNFEEQNNPQILQNSVVFGTSAQEVVKEIRFRIEQKTTLTASAGIAPNTMLAKVCSDKNKPNGQYQILPNRQAVMDFIKDLPIRKVSGIGKVTEKMLKALGIITCTELYQQRALLSLLFSETSWHYFLHISLGLGSTHLTRDGERKSMSVERTFSEINKAEEQYSLCQELCSELAQDLQKERLKGRTVTIKLKNVNFEVKTRASTVSSVVSTAEEIFAIAKELLKTEIDADFPHPLRLRLMGVRISSFPNEEDRKHQQRSIIGFLQAGNQALSATECTLEKTDKDKFVKPLEMSHKKSFFDKKRSERKWSHQDTFKCEAVNKQSFQTSQPFQVLKKKMNENLEISENSDDCQILTCPVCFRAQGCISLEALNKHVDECLDGPSISENFKMFSCSHVSATKVNKKENVPASSLCEKQDYEAHPKIKEISSVDCIALVDTIDNSSKAESIDALSNKHSKEECSSLPSKSFNIEHCHQNSSSTVSLENEDVGSFRQEYRQPYLCEVKTGQALVCPVCNVEQKTSDLTLFNVHVDVCLNKSFIQELRKDKFNPVNQPKESSRSTGSSSGVQKAVTRTKRPGLMTKYSTSKKIKPNNPKHTLDIFFK DNA polymerase type-Y family DNA polymerase specifically involved in DNA repair. Plays an important role in translesion synthesis, where the normal high-fidelity DNA polymerases cannot proceed and DNA synthesis stalls. Depending on the context, it inserts the correct base, but causes frequent base transitions, transversions and frameshifts. Lacks 3'-5' proofreading exonuclease activity. Forms a Schiff base with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate at abasic sites, but does not have lyase activity. M6ATAR00713 DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1 (RAD51) HsRAD51; hRAD51; RAD51 homolog A RAD51_HUMAN hsa:5888 HGNC:9817 . ENSG00000051180 5888 RAD51 Protein coding 15q15.1 MAMQMQLEANADTSVEEESFGPQPISRLEQCGINANDVKKLEEAGFHTVEAVAYAPKKELINIKGISEAKADKILAEAAKLVPMGFTTATEFHQRRSEIIQITTGSKELDKLLQGGIETGSITEMFGEFRTGKTQICHTLAVTCQLPIDRGGGEGKAMYIDTEGTFRPERLLAVAERYGLSGSDVLDNVAYARAFNTDHQTQLLYQASAMMVESRYALLIVDSATALYRTDYSGRGELSARQMHLARFLRMLLRLADEFGVAVVITNQVVAQVDGAAMFAADPKKPIGGNIIAHASTTRLYLRKGRGETRICKIYDSPCLPEAEAMFAINADGVGDAKD RecA family, RAD51 subfamily Plays an important role in homologous strand exchange, a key step in DNA repair through homologous recombination (HR). Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Catalyzes the recognition of homology and strand exchange between homologous DNA partners to form a joint molecule between a processed DNA break and the repair template. Binds to single-stranded DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to form nucleoprotein filaments which are essential for the homology search and strand exchange. Part of a PALB2-scaffolded HR complex containing BRCA2 and RAD51C and which is thought to play a role in DNA repair by HR. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51C and XRCC3. Also involved in interstrand cross-link repair. M6ATAR00499 DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 (MCM4) CDC21 homolog; P1-CDC21 MCM4_HUMAN hsa:4173 HGNC:6947 . ENSG00000104738 4173 MCM4 Protein coding 8q11.21 MSSPASTPSRRGSRRGRATPAQTPRSEDARSSPSQRRRGEDSTSTGELQPMPTSPGVDLQSPAAQDVLFSSPPQMHSSAIPLDFDVSSPLTYGTPSSRVEGTPRSGVRGTPVRQRPDLGSAQKGLQVDLQSDGAAAEDIVASEQSLGQKLVIWGTDVNVAACKENFQRFLQRFIDPLAKEEENVGIDITEPLYMQRLGEINVIGEPFLNVNCEHIKSFDKNLYRQLISYPQEVIPTFDMAVNEIFFDRYPDSILEHQIQVRPFNALKTKNMRNLNPEDIDQLITISGMVIRTSQLIPEMQEAFFQCQVCAHTTRVEMDRGRIAEPSVCGRCHTTHSMALIHNRSLFSDKQMIKLQESPEDMPAGQTPHTVILFAHNDLVDKVQPGDRVNVTGIYRAVPIRVNPRVSNVKSVYKTHIDVIHYRKTDAKRLHGLDEEAEQKLFSEKRVELLKELSRKPDIYERLASALAPSIYEHEDIKKGILLQLFGGTRKDFSHTGRGKFRAEINILLCGDPGTSKSQLLQYVYNLVPRGQYTSGKGSSAVGLTAYVMKDPETRQLVLQTGALVLSDNGICCIDEFDKMNESTRSVLHEVMEQQTLSIAKAGIICQLNARTSVLAAANPIESQWNPKKTTIENIQLPHTLLSRFDLIFLLLDPQDEAYDRRLAHHLVALYYQSEEQAEEELLDMAVLKDYIAYAHSTIMPRLSEEASQALIEAYVDMRKIGSSRGMVSAYPRQLESLIRLAEAHAKVRLSNKVEAIDVEEAKRLHREALKQSATDPRTGIVDISILTTGMSATSRKRKEELAEALKKLILSKGKTPALKYQQLFEDIRGQSDIAITKDMFEEALRALADDDFLTVTGKTVRLL MCM family Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity. M6ATAR00321 DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 (MCM5) CDC46 homolog; P1-CDC46; CDC46 MCM5_HUMAN hsa:4174 HGNC:6948 . ENSG00000100297 4174 MCM5 Protein coding 22q12.3 MSGFDDPGIFYSDSFGGDAQADEGQARKSQLQRRFKEFLRQYRVGTDRTGFTFKYRDELKRHYNLGEYWIEVEMEDLASFDEDLADYLYKQPAEHLQLLEEAAKEVADEVTRPRPSGEEVLQDIQVMLKSDASPSSIRSLKSDMMSHLVKIPGIIIAASAVRAKATRISIQCRSCRNTLTNIAMRPGLEGYALPRKCNTDQAGRPKCPLDPYFIMPDKCKCVDFQTLKLQELPDAVPHGEMPRHMQLYCDRYLCDKVVPGNRVTIMGIYSIKKFGLTTSRGRDRVGVGIRSSYIRVLGIQVDTDGSGRSFAGAVSPQEEEEFRRLAALPNVYEVISKSIAPSIFGGTDMKKAIACLLFGGSRKRLPDGLTRRGDINLLMLGDPGTAKSQLLKFVEKCSPIGVYTSGKGSSAAGLTASVMRDPSSRNFIMEGGAMVLADGGVVCIDEFDKMREDDRVAIHEAMEQQTISIAKAGITTTLNSRCSVLAAANSVFGRWDETKGEDNIDFMPTILSRFDMIFIVKDEHNEERDVMLAKHVITLHVSALTQTQAVEGEIDLAKLKKFIAYCRVKCGPRLSAEAAEKLKNRYIIMRSGARQHERDSDRRSSIPITVRQLEAIVRIAEALSKMKLQPFATEADVEEALRLFQVSTLDAALSGTLSGVEGFTSQEDQEMLSRIEKQLKRRFAIGSQVSEHSIIKDFTKQKYPEHAIHKVLQLMLRRGEIQHRMQRKVLYRLK MCM family Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity. M6ATAR00322 DNA replication licensing factor MCM6 (MCM6) p105MCM MCM6_HUMAN hsa:4175 HGNC:6949 . ENSG00000076003 4175 MCM6 Protein coding 2q21.3 MDLAAAAEPGAGSQHLEVRDEVAEKCQKLFLDFLEEFQSSDGEIKYLQLAEELIRPERNTLVVSFVDLEQFNQQLSTTIQEEFYRVYPYLCRALKTFVKDRKEIPLAKDFYVAFQDLPTRHKIRELTSSRIGLLTRISGQVVRTHPVHPELVSGTFLCLDCQTVIRDVEQQFKYTQPNICRNPVCANRRRFLLDTNKSRFVDFQKVRIQETQAELPRGSIPRSLEVILRAEAVESAQAGDKCDFTGTLIVVPDVSKLSTPGARAETNSRVSGVDGYETEGIRGLRALGVRDLSYRLVFLACCVAPTNPRFGGKELRDEEQTAESIKNQMTVKEWEKVFEMSQDKNLYHNLCTSLFPTIHGNDEVKRGVLLMLFGGVPKTTGEGTSLRGDINVCIVGDPSTAKSQFLKHVEEFSPRAVYTSGKASSAAGLTAAVVRDEESHEFVIEAGALMLADNGVCCIDEFDKMDVRDQVAIHEAMEQQTISITKAGVKATLNARTSILAAANPISGHYDRSKSLKQNINLSAPIMSRFDLFFILVDECNEVTDYAIARRIVDLHSRIEESIDRVYSLDDIRRYLLFARQFKPKISKESEDFIVEQYKHLRQRDGSGVTKSSWRITVRQLESMIRLSEAMARMHCCDEVQPKHVKEAFRLLNKSIIRVETPDVNLDQEEEIQMEVDEGAGGINGHADSPAPVNGINGYNEDINQESAPKASLRLGFSEYCRISNLIVLHLRKVEEEEDESALKRSELVNWYLKEIESEIDSEEELINKKRIIEKVIHRLTHYDHVLIELTQAGLKGSTEGSESYEEDPYLVVNPNYLLED MCM family Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity. M6ATAR00158 DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase (ANPG/MPG) 3-alkyladenine DNA glycosylase; 3-methyladenine DNA glycosidase; ADPG; N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase; AAG; ANPG; MID1 3MG_HUMAN hsa:4350 HGNC:7211 . ENSG00000103152 4350 MPG Protein coding 16p13.3 MVTPALQMKKPKQFCRRMGQKKQRPARAGQPHSSSDAAQAPAEQPHSSSDAAQAPCPRERCLGPPTTPGPYRSIYFSSPKGHLTRLGLEFFDQPAVPLARAFLGQVLVRRLPNGTELRGRIVETEAYLGPEDEAAHSRGGRQTPRNRGMFMKPGTLYVYIIYGMYFCMNISSQGDGACVLLRALEPLEGLETMRQLRSTLRKGTASRVLKDRELCSGPSKLCQALAINKSFDQRDLAQDEAVWLERGPLEPSEPAVVAAARVGVGHAGEWARKPLRFYVRGSPWVSVVDRVAEQDTQA DNA glycosylase MPG family Hydrolysis of the deoxyribose N-glycosidic bond to excise 3-methyladenine, and 7-methylguanine from the damaged DNA polymer formed by alkylation lesions. M6ATAR00285 DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-2 (ID2) Class B basic helix-loop-helix protein 26; bHLHb26; Inhibitor of DNA binding 2; Inhibitor of differentiation 2; BHLHB26 ID2_HUMAN hsa:3398 HGNC:5361 . ENSG00000115738 3398 ID2 Protein coding 2p25.1 MKAFSPVRSVRKNSLSDHSLGISRSKTPVDDPMSLLYNMNDCYSKLKELVPSIPQNKKVSKMEILQHVIDYILDLQIALDSHPTIVSLHHQRPGQNQASRTPLTTLNTDISILSLQASEFPSELMSNDSKALCG . Transcriptional regulator (lacking a basic DNA binding domain) which negatively regulates the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors by forming heterodimers and inhibiting their DNA binding and transcriptional activity. Implicated in regulating a variety of cellular processes, including cellular growth, senescence, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and neoplastic transformation. Inhibits skeletal muscle and cardiac myocyte differentiation. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing the transcriptional activator activity of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer. Restricts the CLOCK and ARNTL/BMAL1 localization to the cytoplasm. Plays a role in both the input and output pathways of the circadian clock: in the input component, is involved in modulating the magnitude of photic entrainment and in the output component, contributes to the regulation of a variety of liver clock-controlled genes involved in lipid metabolism. M6ATAR00463 Double-strand break repair protein MRE11 (MRE11) Double-strand break repair protein MRE11A; Meiotic recombination 11 homolog 1; MRE11 homolog 1; Meiotic recombination 11 homolog A; MRE11 homolog A; HNGS1; MRE11A MRE11_HUMAN hsa:4361 HGNC:7230 . ENSG00000020922 26574 MRE11 Protein coding . MSTADALDDENTFKILVATDIHLGFMEKDAVRGNDTFVTLDEILRLAQENEVDFILLGGDLFHENKPSRKTLHTCLELLRKYCMGDRPVQFEILSDQSVNFGFSKFPWVNYQDGNLNISIPVFSIHGNHDDPTGADALCALDILSCAGFVNHFGRSMSVEKIDISPVLLQKGSTKIALYGLGSIPDERLYRMFVNKKVTMLRPKEDENSWFNLFVIHQNRSKHGSTNFIPEQFLDDFIDLVIWGHEHECKIAPTKNEQQLFYISQPGSSVVTSLSPGEAVKKHVGLLRIKGRKMNMHKIPLHTVRQFFMEDIVLANHPDIFNPDNPKVTQAIQSFCLEKIEEMLENAERERLGNSHQPEKPLVRLRVDYSGGFEPFSVLRFSQKFVDRVANPKDIIHFFRHREQKEKTGEEINFGKLITKPSEGTTLRVEDLVKQYFQTAEKNVQLSLLTERGMGEAVQEFVDKEEKDAIEELVKYQLEKTQRFLKERHIDALEDKIDEEVRRFRETRQKNTNEEDDEVREAMTRARALRSQSEESASAFSADDLMSIDLAEQMANDSDDSISAATNKGRGRGRGRRGGRGQNSASRGGSQRGRADTGLETSTRSRNSKTAVSASRNMSIIDAFKSTRQQPSRNVTTKNYSEVIEVDESDVEEDIFPTTSKTDQRWSSTSSSKIMSQSQVSKGVDFESSEDDDDDPFMNTSSLRRNRR MRE11/RAD32 family. {ECO:0000305}. Component of the MRN complex, which plays a central role in double-strand break (DSB) repair, DNA recombination, maintenance of telomere integrity and meiosis. The complex possesses single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand-specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity, which are provided by MRE11 . RAD50 may be required to bind DNA ends and hold them in close proximity. This could facilitate searches for short or long regions of sequence homology in the recombining DNA templates, and may also stimulate the activity of DNA ligases and/or restrict the nuclease activity of MRE11 to prevent nucleolytic degradation past a given point . The complex may also be required for DNA damage signaling via activation of the ATM kinase. In telomeres the MRN complex may modulate t-loop formation. M6ATAR00232 Dual specificity protein phosphatase 2 (DUSP2) Dual specificity protein phosphatase PAC-1; PAC1 DUS2_HUMAN hsa:1844 HGNC:3068 . ENSG00000158050 1844 DUSP2 Protein coding 2q11.2 MGLEAARELECAALGTLLRDPREAERTLLLDCRPFLAFCRRHVRAARPVPWNALLRRRARGPPAAVLACLLPDRALRTRLVRGELARAVVLDEGSASVAELRPDSPAHVLLAALLHETRAGPTAVYFLRGGFDGFQGCCPDLCSEAPAPALPPTGDKTSRSDSRAPVYDQGGPVEILPYLFLGSCSHSSDLQGLQACGITAVLNVSASCPNHFEGLFRYKSIPVEDNQMVEISAWFQEAIGFIDWVKNSGGRVLVHCQAGISRSATICLAYLMQSRRVRLDEAFDFVKQRRGVISPNFSFMGQLLQFETQVLCH protein-tyrosine phosphatase family; Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily Regulates mitogenic signal transduction by dephosphorylating both Thr and Tyr residues on MAP kinases ERK1 and ERK2. M6ATAR00740 Dual specificity protein phosphatase 5 (DUSP5) Dual specificity protein phosphatase hVH3 DUS5_HUMAN hsa:1847 HGNC:3071 . ENSG00000138166 1847 DUSP5 Protein coding 10q25.2 MKVTSLDGRQLRKMLRKEAAARCVVLDCRPYLAFAASNVRGSLNVNLNSVVLRRARGGAVSARYVLPDEAARARLLQEGGGGVAAVVVLDQGSRHWQKLREESAARVVLTSLLACLPAGPRVYFLKGGYETFYSEYPECCVDVKPISQEKIESERALISQCGKPVVNVSYRPAYDQGGPVEILPFLYLGSAYHASKCEFLANLHITALLNVSRRTSEACATHLHYKWIPVEDSHTADISSHFQEAIDFIDCVREKGGKVLVHCEAGISRSPTICMAYLMKTKQFRLKEAFDYIKQRRSMVSPNFGFMGQLLQYESEILPSTPNPQPPSCQGEAAGSSLIGHLQTLSPDMQGAYCTFPASVLAPVPTHSTVSELSRSPVATATSC Protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily Dual specificity protein phosphatase; active with phosphotyrosine, phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues. The highest relative activity is toward ERK1. M6ATAR00233 Dual specificity protein phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) Dual specificity protein phosphatase PYST1; Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 3; MAP kinase phosphatase 3; MKP-3; MKP3; PYST1 DUS6_HUMAN hsa:1848 HGNC:3072 . ENSG00000139318 1848 DUSP6 Protein coding 12q21.33 MIDTLRPVPFASEMAISKTVAWLNEQLELGNERLLLMDCRPQELYESSHIESAINVAIPGIMLRRLQKGNLPVRALFTRGEDRDRFTRRCGTDTVVLYDESSSDWNENTGGESVLGLLLKKLKDEGCRAFYLEGGFSKFQAEFSLHCETNLDGSCSSSSPPLPVLGLGGLRISSDSSSDIESDLDRDPNSATDSDGSPLSNSQPSFPVEILPFLYLGCAKDSTNLDVLEEFGIKYILNVTPNLPNLFENAGEFKYKQIPISDHWSQNLSQFFPEAISFIDEARGKNCGVLVHCLAGISRSVTVTVAYLMQKLNLSMNDAYDIVKMKKSNISPNFNFMGQLLDFERTLGLSSPCDNRVPAQQLYFTTPSNQNVYQVDSLQST protein-tyrosine phosphatase family; Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily Inactivates MAP kinases. Has a specificity for the ERK family. Plays an important role in alleviating chronic postoperative pain. Necessary for the normal dephosphorylation of the long-lasting phosphorylated forms of spinal MAPK1/3 and MAP kinase p38 induced by peripheral surgery, which drives the resolution of acute postoperative allodynia (By similarity). Also important for dephosphorylation of MAPK1/3 in local wound tissue, which further contributes to resolution of acute pain (By similarity). Promotes cell differentiation by regulating MAPK1/MAPK3 activity and regulating the expression of AP1 transcription factors. M6ATAR00238 E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2 (EGR2) AT591; E3 SUMO-protein transferase ERG2; Early growth response protein 2; EGR-2; Zinc finger protein Krox-20; KROX20 EGR2_HUMAN hsa:1959 HGNC:3239 . ENSG00000122877 1959 EGR2 Protein coding 10q21.3 MMTAKAVDKIPVTLSGFVHQLSDNIYPVEDLAATSVTIFPNAELGGPFDQMNGVAGDGMINIDMTGEKRSLDLPYPSSFAPVSAPRNQTFTYMGKFSIDPQYPGASCYPEGIINIVSAGILQGVTSPASTTASSSVTSASPNPLATGPLGVCTMSQTQPDLDHLYSPPPPPPPYSGCAGDLYQDPSAFLSAATTSTSSSLAYPPPPSYPSPKPATDPGLFPMIPDYPGFFPSQCQRDLHGTAGPDRKPFPCPLDTLRVPPPLTPLSTIRNFTLGGPSAGVTGPGASGGSEGPRLPGSSSAAAAAAAAAAYNPHHLPLRPILRPRKYPNRPSKTPVHERPYPCPAEGCDRRFSRSDELTRHIRIHTGHKPFQCRICMRNFSRSDHLTTHIRTHTGEKPFACDYCGRKFARSDERKRHTKIHLRQKERKSSAPSASVPAPSTASCSGGVQPGGTLCSSNSSSLGGGPLAPCSSRTRTP EGR C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor. Plays a role in hindbrain segmentation by regulating the expression of a subset of homeobox containing genes and in Schwann cell myelination by regulating the expression of genes involved in the formation and maintenance of myelin (By similarity). Binds to two EGR2-consensus sites EGR2A (5'-CTGTAGGAG-3') and EGR2B (5'-ATGTAGGTG-3') in the HOXB3 enhancer and promotes HOXB3 transcriptional activation (By similarity). Binds to specific DNA sites located in the promoter region of HOXA4, HOXB2 and ERBB2 (By similarity). Regulates hindbrain segmentation by controlling the expression of Hox genes, such as HOXA4, HOXB3 and HOXB2, and thereby specifying odd and even rhombomeres (By similarity). Promotes the expression of HOXB3 in the rhombomere r5 in the hindbrain (By similarity). Regulates myelination in the peripheral nervous system after birth, possibly by regulating the expression of myelin proteins, such as MPZ, and by promoting the differentiation of Schwann cells (By similarity). Involved in the development of the jaw openener musculature, probably by playing a role in its innervation through trigeminal motor neurons (By similarity). May play a role in adipogenesis, possibly by regulating the expression of CEBPB (By similarity). E3 SUMO-protein ligase helping SUMO1 conjugation to its coregulators NAB1 and NAB2, whose sumoylation down-regulates EGR2 transcriptional activity. M6ATAR00382 E3 SUMO-protein ligase RanBP2 (RANBP2) 358 kDa nucleoporin; Nuclear pore complex protein Nup358; Nucleoporin Nup358; Ran-binding protein 2; RanBP2; p270; NUP358 RBP2_HUMAN hsa:5903 HGNC:9848 . ENSG00000153201 5903 RANBP2 Protein coding 2q13 MRRSKADVERYIASVQGSTPSPRQKSMKGFYFAKLYYEAKEYDLAKKYICTYINVQERDPKAHRFLGLLYELEENTDKAVECYRRSVELNPTQKDLVLKIAELLCKNDVTDGRAKYWLERAAKLFPGSPAIYKLKEQLLDCEGEDGWNKLFDLIQSELYVRPDDVHVNIRLVEVYRSTKRLKDAVAHCHEAERNIALRSSLEWNSCVVQTLKEYLESLQCLESDKSDWRATNTDLLLAYANLMLLTLSTRDVQESRELLQSFDSALQSVKSLGGNDELSATFLEMKGHFYMHAGSLLLKMGQHSSNVQWRALSELAALCYLIAFQVPRPKIKLIKGEAGQNLLEMMACDRLSQSGHMLLNLSRGKQDFLKEIVETFANKSGQSALYDALFSSQSPKDTSFLGSDDIGNIDVREPELEDLTRYDVGAIRAHNGSLQHLTWLGLQWNSLPALPGIRKWLKQLFHHLPHETSRLETNAPESICILDLEVFLLGVVYTSHLQLKEKCNSHHSSYQPLCLPLPVCKQLCTERQKSWWDAVCTLIHRKAVPGNVAKLRLLVQHEINTLRAQEKHGLQPALLVHWAECLQKTGSGLNSFYDQREYIGRSVHYWKKVLPLLKIIKKKNSIPEPIDPLFKHFHSVDIQASEIVEYEEDAHITFAILDAVNGNIEDAVTAFESIKSVVSYWNLALIFHRKAEDIENDALSPEEQEECKNYLRKTRDYLIKIIDDSDSNLSVVKKLPVPLESVKEMLNSVMQELEDYSEGGPLYKNGSLRNADSEIKHSTPSPTRYSLSPSKSYKYSPKTPPRWAEDQNSLLKMICQQVEAIKKEMQELKLNSSNSASPHRWPTENYGPDSVPDGYQGSQTFHGAPLTVATTGPSVYYSQSPAYNSQYLLRPAANVTPTKGPVYGMNRLPPQQHIYAYPQQMHTPPVQSSSACMFSQEMYGPPALRFESPATGILSPRGDDYFNYNVQQTSTNPPLPEPGYFTKPPIAAHASRSAESKTIEFGKTNFVQPMPGEGLRPSLPTQAHTTQPTPFKFNSNFKSNDGDFTFSSPQVVTQPPPAAYSNSESLLGLLTSDKPLQGDGYSGAKPIPGGQTIGPRNTFNFGSKNVSGISFTENMGSSQQKNSGFRRSDDMFTFHGPGKSVFGTPTLETANKNHETDGGSAHGDDDDDGPHFEPVVPLPDKIEVKTGEEDEEEFFCNRAKLFRFDVESKEWKERGIGNVKILRHKTSGKIRLLMRREQVLKICANHYISPDMKLTPNAGSDRSFVWHALDYADELPKPEQLAIRFKTPEEAALFKCKFEEAQSILKAPGTNVAMASNQAVRIVKEPTSHDNKDICKSDAGNLNFEFQVAKKEGSWWHCNSCSLKNASTAKKCVSCQNLNPSNKELVGPPLAETVFTPKTSPENVQDRFALVTPKKEGHWDCSICLVRNEPTVSRCIACQNTKSANKSGSSFVHQASFKFGQGDLPKPINSDFRSVFSTKEGQWDCSACLVQNEGSSTKCAACQNPRKQSLPATSIPTPASFKFGTSETSKTLKSGFEDMFAKKEGQWDCSSCLVRNEANATRCVACQNPDKPSPSTSVPAPASFKFGTSETSKAPKSGFEGMFTKKEGQWDCSVCLVRNEASATKCIACQNPGKQNQTTSAVSTPASSETSKAPKSGFEGMFTKKEGQWDCSVCLVRNEASATKCIACQNPGKQNQTTSAVSTPASSETSKAPKSGFEGMFTKKEGQWDCSVCLVRNEASATKCIACQCPSKQNQTTAISTPASSEISKAPKSGFEGMFIRKGQWDCSVCCVQNESSSLKCVACDASKPTHKPIAEAPSAFTLGSEMKLHDSSGSQVGTGFKSNFSEKASKFGNTEQGFKFGHVDQENSPSFMFQGSSNTEFKSTKEGFSIPVSADGFKFGISEPGNQEKKSEKPLENGTGFQAQDISGQKNGRGVIFGQTSSTFTFADLAKSTSGEGFQFGKKDPNFKGFSGAGEKLFSSQYGKMANKANTSGDFEKDDDAYKTEDSDDIHFEPVVQMPEKVELVTGEEDEKVLYSQRVKLFRFDAEVSQWKERGLGNLKILKNEVNGKLRMLMRREQVLKVCANHWITTTMNLKPLSGSDRAWMWLASDFSDGDAKLEQLAAKFKTPELAEEFKQKFEECQRLLLDIPLQTPHKLVDTGRAAKLIQRAEEMKSGLKDFKTFLTNDQTKVTEEENKGSGTGAAGASDTTIKPNPENTGPTLEWDNYDLREDALDDSVSSSSVHASPLASSPVRKNLFRFGESTTGFNFSFKSALSPSKSPAKLNQSGTSVGTDEESDVTQEEERDGQYFEPVVPLPDLVEVSSGEENEQVVFSHRAKLYRYDKDVGQWKERGIGDIKILQNYDNKQVRIVMRRDQVLKLCANHRITPDMTLQNMKGTERVWLWTACDFADGERKVEHLAVRFKLQDVADSFKKIFDEAKTAQEKDSLITPHVSRSSTPRESPCGKIAVAVLEETTRERTDVIQGDDVADATSEVEVSSTSETTPKAVVSPPKFVFGSESVKSIFSSEKSKPFAFGNSSATGSLFGFSFNAPLKSNNSETSSVAQSGSESKVEPKKCELSKNSDIEQSSDSKVKNLFASFPTEESSINYTFKTPEKAKEKKKPEDSPSDDDVLIVYELTPTAEQKALATKLKLPPTFFCYKNRPDYVSEEEEDDEDFETAVKKLNGKLYLDGSEKCRPLEENTADNEKECIIVWEKKPTVEEKAKADTLKLPPTFFCGVCSDTDEDNGNGEDFQSELQKVQEAQKSQTEEITSTTDSVYTGGTEVMVPSFCKSEEPDSITKSISSPSVSSETMDKPVDLSTRKEIDTDSTSQGESKIVSFGFGSSTGLSFADLASSNSGDFAFGSKDKNFQWANTGAAVFGTQSVGTQSAGKVGEDEDGSDEEVVHNEDIHFEPIVSLPEVEVKSGEEDEEILFKERAKLYRWDRDVSQWKERGVGDIKILWHTMKNYYRILMRRDQVFKVCANHVITKTMELKPLNVSNNALVWTASDYADGEAKVEQLAVRFKTKEVADCFKKTFEECQQNLMKLQKGHVSLAAELSKETNPVVFFDVCADGEPLGRITMELFSNIVPRTAENFRALCTGEKGFGFKNSIFHRVIPDFVCQGGDITKHDGTGGQSIYGDKFEDENFDVKHTGPGLLSMANQGQNTNNSQFVITLKKAEHLDFKHVVFGFVKDGMDTVKKIESFGSPKGSVCRRITITECGQI RanBP2 E3 ligase family E3 SUMO-protein ligase which facilitates SUMO1 and SUMO2 conjugation by UBE2I. Involved in transport factor (Ran-GTP, karyopherin)-mediated protein import via the F-G repeat-containing domain which acts as a docking site for substrates. Binds single-stranded RNA (in vitro). May bind DNA. Component of the nuclear export pathway. Specific docking site for the nuclear export factor exportin-1. Sumoylates PML at 'Lys-490' which is essential for the proper assembly of PML-NB. Recruits BICD2 to the nuclear envelope and cytoplasmic stacks of nuclear pore complex known as annulate lamellae during G2 phase of cell cycle . Probable inactive PPIase with no peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. M6ATAR00502 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1B (RNF40) BRE1-B; 95 kDa retinoblastoma-associated protein; RBP95; RING finger protein 40; RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase BRE1B BRE1B_HUMAN hsa:9810 HGNC:16867 . ENSG00000103549 9810 RNF40 Protein coding 16p11.2 MSGPGNKRAAGDGGSGPPEKKLSREEKTTTTLIEPIRLGGISSTEEMDLKVLQFKNKKLAERLEQRQACEDELRERIEKLEKRQATDDATLLIVNRYWAQLDETVEALLRCHESQGELSSAPEAPGTQEGPTCDGTPLPEPGTSELRDPLLMQLRPPLSEPALAFVVALGASSSEEVELELQGRMEFSKAAVSRVVEASDRLQRRVEELCQRVYSRGDSEPLSEAAQAHTRELGRENRRLQDLATQLQEKHHRISLEYSELQDKVTSAETKVLEMETTVEDLQWDIEKLRKREQKLNKHLAEALEQLNSGYYVSGSSSGFQGGQITLSMQKFEMLNAELEENQELANSRMAELEKLQAELQGAVRTNERLKVALRSLPEEVVRETGEYRMLQAQFSLLYNESLQVKTQLDEARGLLLATKNSHLRHIEHMESDELGLQKKLRTEVIQLEDTLAQVRKEYEMLRIEFEQNLAANEQAGPINREMRHLISSLQNHNHQLKGDAQRYKRKLREVQAEIGKLRAQASGSAHSTPNLGHPEDSGVSAPAPGKEEGGPGPVSTPDNRKEMAPVPGTTTTTTSVKKEELVPSEEDFQGITPGAQGPSSRGREPEARPKRELREREGPSLGPPPVASALSRADREKAKVEETKRKESELLKGLRAELKKAQESQKEMKLLLDMYKSAPKEQRDKVQLMAAERKAKAEVDELRSRIRELEERDRRESKKIADEDALRRIRQAEEQIEHLQRKLGATKQEEEALLSEMDVTGQAFEDMQEQNGRLLQQLREKDDANFKLMSERIKANQIHKLLREEKDELGEQVLGLKSQVDAQLLTVQKLEEKERALQGSLGGVEKELTLRSQALELNKRKAVEAAQLAEDLKVQLEHVQTRLREIQPCLAESRAAREKESFNLKRAQEDISRLRRKLEKQRKVEVYADADEILQEEIKEYKARLTCPCCNTRKKDAVLTKCFHVFCFECVRGRYEARQRKCPKCNAAFGAHDFHRIYIS BRE1 family Component of the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1). H2BK120ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation (H3K4me and H3K79me, respectively). It thereby plays a central role in histone code and gene regulation. The RNF20/40 complex forms a H2B ubiquitin ligase complex in cooperation with the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B; reports about the cooperation with UBE2E1/UBCH are contradictory. Required for transcriptional activation of Hox genes. M6ATAR00270 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Hakai (CBLL1) Casitas B-lineage lymphoma-transforming sequence-like protein 1; c-Cbl-like protein 1; RING finger protein 188; RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase Hakai; HAKAI; RNF188 HAKAI_HUMAN hsa:79872 HGNC:21225 . ENSG00000105879 79872 CBLL1 Protein coding 7q22.3 MDHTDNELQGTNSSGSLGGLDVRRRIPIKLISKQANKAKPAPRTQRTINRMPAKAPPGDEEGFDYNEEERYDCKGGELFANQRRFPGHLFWDFQINILGEKDDTPVHFCDKCGLPIKIYGRMIPCKHVFCYDCAILHEKKGDKMCPGCSDPVQRIEQCTRGSLFMCSIVQGCKRTYLSQRDLQAHINHRHMRAGKPVTRASLENVHPPIAPPPTEIPERFIMPPDKHHMSHIPPKQHIMMPPPPLQHVPHEHYNQPHEDIRAPPAELSMAPPPPRSVSQETFRISTRKHSNLITVPIQDDSNSGAREPPPPAPAPAHHHPEYQGQPVVSHPHHIMPPQQHYAPPPPPPPPISHPMPHPPQAAGTPHLVYSQAPPPPMTSAPPPITPPPGHIIAQMPPYMNHPPPGPPPPQHGGPPVTAPPPHHYNPNSLPQFTEDQGTLSPPFTQPGGMSPGIWPAPRGPPPPPRLQGPPSQTPLPGPHHPDQTRYRPYYQ Hakai family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of several tyrosine-phosphorylated Src substrates, including CDH1, CTTN and DOK1 (By similarity). Targets CDH1 for endocytosis and degradation (By similarity). Associated component of the WMM complex, a complex that mediates N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of RNAs, a modification that plays a role in the efficiency of mRNA splicing and RNA processing. Its function in the WMM complex is unknown. M6ATAR00579 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 (Mdm2) Double minute 2 protein; Hdm2; Oncoprotein Mdm2; RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase Mdm2; p53-binding protein Mdm2 MDM2_HUMAN hsa:4193 HGNC:6973 . ENSG00000135679 4193 Mdm2 Protein coding 12q15 MCNTNMSVPTDGAVTTSQIPASEQETLVRPKPLLLKLLKSVGAQKDTYTMKEVLFYLGQYIMTKRLYDEKQQHIVYCSNDLLGDLFGVPSFSVKEHRKIYTMIYRNLVVVNQQESSDSGTSVSENRCHLEGGSDQKDLVQELQEEKPSSSHLVSRPSTSSRRRAISETEENSDELSGERQRKRHKSDSISLSFDESLALCVIREICCERSSSSESTGTPSNPDLDAGVSEHSGDWLDQDSVSDQFSVEFEVESLDSEDYSLSEEGQELSDEDDEVYQVTVYQAGESDTDSFEEDPEISLADYWKCTSCNEMNPPLPSHCNRCWALRENWLPEDKGKDKGEISEKAKLENSTQAEEGFDVPDCKKTIVNDSRESCVEENDDKITQASQSQESEDYSQPSTSSSIIYSSQEDVKEFEREETQDKEESVESSLPLNAIEPCVICQGRPKNGCIVHGKTGHLMACFTCAKKLKKRNKPCPVCRQPIQMIVLTYFP MDM2/MDM4 family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of p53/TP53, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Inhibits p53/TP53- and p73/TP73-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by binding its transcriptional activation domain. Also acts as a ubiquitin ligase E3 toward itself and ARRB1. Permits the nuclear export of p53/TP53. Promotes proteasome-dependent ubiquitin-independent degradation of retinoblastoma RB1 protein. Inhibits DAXX-mediated apoptosis by inducing its ubiquitination and degradation. Component of the TRIM28/KAP1-MDM2-p53/TP53 complex involved in stabilizing p53/TP53. Also component of the TRIM28/KAP1-ERBB4-MDM2 complex which links growth factor and DNA damage response pathways. Mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation of DYRK2 in nucleus. Ubiquitinates IGF1R and SNAI1 and promotes them to proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinates DCX, leading to DCX degradation and reduction of the dendritic spine density of olfactory bulb granule cells (By similarity). Ubiquitinates DLG4, leading to proteasomal degradation of DLG4 which is required for AMPA receptor endocytosis (By similarity). Negatively regulates NDUFS1, leading to decreased mitochondrial respiration, marked oxidative stress, and commitment to the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Binds NDUFS1 leading to its cytosolic retention rather than mitochondrial localization resulting in decreased supercomplex assembly (interactions between complex I and complex III), decreased complex I activity, ROS production, and apoptosis. M6ATAR00347 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like (NEDD4L) HECT-type E3 ubiquitin transferase NED4L; NEDD4.2; Nedd4-2; KIAA0439; NEDL3 NED4L_HUMAN hsa:23327 HGNC:7728 . ENSG00000049759 23327 NEDD4L Protein coding 18q21.31 MATGLGEPVYGLSEDEGESRILRVKVVSGIDLAKKDIFGASDPYVKLSLYVADENRELALVQTKTIKKTLNPKWNEEFYFRVNPSNHRLLFEVFDENRLTRDDFLGQVDVPLSHLPTEDPTMERPYTFKDFLLRPRSHKSRVKGFLRLKMAYMPKNGGQDEENSDQRDDMEHGWEVVDSNDSASQHQEELPPPPLPPGWEEKVDNLGRTYYVNHNNRTTQWHRPSLMDVSSESDNNIRQINQEAAHRRFRSRRHISEDLEPEPSEGGDVPEPWETISEEVNIAGDSLGLALPPPPASPGSRTSPQELSEELSRRLQITPDSNGEQFSSLIQREPSSRLRSCSVTDAVAEQGHLPPPSAPAGRARSSTVTGGEEPTPSVAYVHTTPGLPSGWEERKDAKGRTYYVNHNNRTTTWTRPIMQLAEDGASGSATNSNNHLIEPQIRRPRSLSSPTVTLSAPLEGAKDSPVRRAVKDTLSNPQSPQPSPYNSPKPQHKVTQSFLPPGWEMRIAPNGRPFFIDHNTKTTTWEDPRLKFPVHMRSKTSLNPNDLGPLPPGWEERIHLDGRTFYIDHNSKITQWEDPRLQNPAITGPAVPYSREFKQKYDYFRKKLKKPADIPNRFEMKLHRNNIFEESYRRIMSVKRPDVLKARLWIEFESEKGLDYGGVAREWFFLLSKEMFNPYYGLFEYSATDNYTLQINPNSGLCNEDHLSYFTFIGRVAGLAVFHGKLLDGFFIRPFYKMMLGKQITLNDMESVDSEYYNSLKWILENDPTELDLMFCIDEENFGQTYQVDLKPNGSEIMVTNENKREYIDLVIQWRFVNRVQKQMNAFLEGFTELLPIDLIKIFDENELELLMCGLGDVDVNDWRQHSIYKNGYCPNHPVIQWFWKAVLLMDAEKRIRLLQFVTGTSRVPMNGFAELYGSNGPQLFTIEQWGSPEKLPRAHTCFNRLDLPPYETFEDLREKLLMAVENAQGFEGVD . E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Inhibits TGF-beta signaling by triggering SMAD2 and TGFBR1 ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation. Promotes ubiquitination and internalization of various plasma membrane channels such as ENaC, SCN2A/Nav1.2, SCN3A/Nav1.3, SCN5A/Nav1.5, SCN9A/Nav1.7, SCN10A/Nav1.8, KCNA3/Kv1.3, KCNH2, EAAT1, KCNQ2/Kv7.2, KCNQ3/Kv7.3 or CLC. Promotes ubiquitination and degradation of SGK1 and TNK2. Ubiquitinates BRAT1 and this ubiquitination is enhanced in the presence of NDFIP1. Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes . M6ATAR00392 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SIAH1 (SIAH1) RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase SIAH1; Seven in absentia homolog 1; Siah-1; Siah-1a; HUMSIAH SIAH1_HUMAN hsa:6477 HGNC:10857 . ENSG00000196470 6477 SIAH1 Protein coding 16q12.1 MSRQTATALPTGTSKCPPSQRVPALTGTTASNNDLASLFECPVCFDYVLPPILQCQSGHLVCSNCRPKLTCCPTCRGPLGSIRNLAMEKVANSVLFPCKYASSGCEITLPHTEKADHEELCEFRPYSCPCPGASCKWQGSLDAVMPHLMHQHKSITTLQGEDIVFLATDINLPGAVDWVMMQSCFGFHFMLVLEKQEKYDGHQQFFAIVQLIGTRKQAENFAYRLELNGHRRRLTWEATPRSIHEGIATAIMNSDCLVFDTSIAQLFAENGNLGINVTISMC SINA (Seven in absentia) family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates . Mediates E3 ubiquitin ligase activity either through direct binding to substrates or by functioning as the essential RING domain subunit of larger E3 complexes. Triggers the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of many substrates, including proteins involved in transcription regulation (ELL2, MYB, POU2AF1, PML and RBBP8), a cell surface receptor (DCC), the cell-surface receptor-type tyrosine kinase FLT3, the cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules (KLF10/TIEG1 and NUMB), an antiapoptotic protein (BAG1), a microtubule motor protein (KIF22), a protein involved in synaptic vesicle function in neurons (SYP), a structural protein (CTNNB1) and SNCAIP. Confers constitutive instability to HIPK2 through proteasomal degradation. It is thereby involved in many cellular processes such as apoptosis, tumor suppression, cell cycle, axon guidance, transcription regulation, spermatogenesis and TNF-alpha signaling. Has some overlapping function with SIAH2. Induces apoptosis in cooperation with PEG3 (By similarity). Upon nitric oxid (NO) generation that follows apoptotic stimulation, interacts with S-nitrosylated GAPDH, mediating the translocation of GAPDH to the nucleus (By similarity). GAPDH acts as a stabilizer of SIAH1, facilitating the degradation of nuclear proteins (By similarity). Mediates ubiquitination and degradation of EGLN2 and EGLN3 in response to the unfolded protein response (UPR), leading to their degradation and subsequent stabilization of ATF4 (By similarity). M6ATAR00398 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF1 (SMURF1) hSMURF1; HECT-type E3 ubiquitin transferase SMURF1; SMAD ubiquitination regulatory factor 1; SMAD-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1; KIAA1625 SMUF1_HUMAN hsa:57154 HGNC:16807 . ENSG00000198742; ENSG00000284126 57154 SMURF1 Protein coding 7q22.1 MSNPGTRRNGSSIKIRLTVLCAKNLAKKDFFRLPDPFAKIVVDGSGQCHSTDTVKNTLDPKWNQHYDLYVGKTDSITISVWNHKKIHKKQGAGFLGCVRLLSNAISRLKDTGYQRLDLCKLNPSDTDAVRGQIVVSLQTRDRIGTGGSVVDCRGLLENEGTVYEDSGPGRPLSCFMEEPAPYTDSTGAAAGGGNCRFVESPSQDQRLQAQRLRNPDVRGSLQTPQNRPHGHQSPELPEGYEQRTTVQGQVYFLHTQTGVSTWHDPRIPSPSGTIPGGDAAFLYEFLLQGHTSEPRDLNSVNCDELGPLPPGWEVRSTVSGRIYFVDHNNRTTQFTDPRLHHIMNHQCQLKEPSQPLPLPSEGSLEDEELPAQRYERDLVQKLKVLRHELSLQQPQAGHCRIEVSREEIFEESYRQIMKMRPKDLKKRLMVKFRGEEGLDYGGVAREWLYLLCHEMLNPYYGLFQYSTDNIYMLQINPDSSINPDHLSYFHFVGRIMGLAVFHGHYINGGFTVPFYKQLLGKPIQLSDLESVDPELHKSLVWILENDITPVLDHTFCVEHNAFGRILQHELKPNGRNVPVTEENKKEYVRLYVNWRFMRGIEAQFLALQKGFNELIPQHLLKPFDQKELELIIGGLDKIDLNDWKSNTRLKHCVADSNIVRWFWQAVETFDEERRARLLQFVTGSTRVPLQGFKALQGSTGAAGPRLFTIHLIDANTDNLPKAHTCFNRIDIPPYESYEKLYEKLLTAVEETCGFAVE . E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a negative regulator of BMP signaling pathway. Mediates ubiquitination and degradation of SMAD1 and SMAD5, 2 receptor-regulated SMADs specific for the BMP pathway. Promotes ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of TRAF family members and RHOA. Promotes ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of MAVS. Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes . M6ATAR00466 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM11 (TRIM11) Protein BIA1; RING finger protein 92; RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase TRIM11; Tripartite motif-containing protein 11; RNF92 TRI11_HUMAN hsa:81559 HGNC:16281 . ENSG00000154370 5395 TRIM11 Protein coding . MAAPDLSTNLQEEATCAICLDYFTDPVMTDCGHNFCRECIRRCWGQPEGPYACPECRELSPQRNLRPNRPLAKMAEMARRLHPPSPVPQGVCPAHREPLAAFCGDELRLLCAACERSGEHWAHRVRPLQDAAEDLKAKLEKSLEHLRKQMQDALLFQAQADETCVLWQKMVESQRQNVLGEFERLRRLLAEEEQQLLQRLEEEELEVLPRLREGAAHLGQQSAHLAELIAELEGRCQLPALGLLQDIKDALRRVQDVKLQPPEVVPMELRTVCRVPGLVETLRRFRGDVTLDPDTANPELILSEDRRSVQRGDLRQALPDSPERFDPGPCVLGQERFTSGRHYWEVEVGDRTSWALGVCRENVNRKEKGELSAGNGFWILVFLGSYYNSSERALAPLRDPPRRVGIFLDYEAGHLSFYSATDGSLLFIFPEIPFSGTLRPLFSPLSSSPTPMTICRPKGGSGDTLAPQ TRIM/RBCC family. {ECO:0000305}. E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes the degradation of insoluble ubiquitinated proteins, including insoluble PAX6, poly-Gln repeat expanded HTT and poly-Ala repeat expanded ARX. Mediates PAX6 ubiquitination leading to proteasomal degradation, thereby modulating cortical neurogenesis. May also inhibit PAX6 transcriptional activity, possibly in part by preventing the binding of PAX6 to its consensus sequences. May contribute to the regulation of the intracellular level of HN (humanin) or HN-containing proteins through the proteasomal degradation pathway. Mediates MED15 ubiquitination leading to proteasomal degradation. May contribute to the innate restriction of retroviruses. Upon overexpression, reduces HIV-1 and murine leukemia virus infectivity, by suppressing viral gene expression. Antiviral activity depends on a functional E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase domain. May regulate TRIM5 turnover via the proteasome pathway, thus counteracting the TRIM5-mediated cross-species restriction of retroviral infection at early stages of the retroviral life cycle. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18248090}. M6ATAR00550 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM7 (TRIM7) Glycogenin-interacting protein; RING finger protein 90; Tripartite motif-containing protein 7 TRIM7_HUMAN hsa:81786 HGNC:16278 . ENSG00000146054 81786 TRIM7 Protein coding 5q35.3 MAAVGPRTGPGTGAEALALAAELQGEATCSICLELFREPVSVECGHSFCRACIGRCWERPGAGSVGAATRAPPFPLPCPQCREPARPSQLRPNRQLAAVATLLRRFSLPAAAPGEHGSQAAAARAAAARCGQHGEPFKLYCQDDGRAICVVCDRAREHREHAVLPLDEAVQEAKELLESRLRVLKKELEDCEVFRSTEKKESKELLKQMAAEQEKVGAEFQALRAFLVEQEGRLLGRLEELSREVAQKQNENLAQLGVEITQLSKLSSQIQETAQKPDLDFLQEFKSTLSRCSNVPGPKPTTVSSEMKNKVWNVSLKTFVLKGMLKKFKEDLRGELEKEEKVELTLDPDTANPRLILSLDLKGVRLGERAQDLPNHPCRFDTNTRVLASCGFSSGRHHWEVEVGSKDGWAFGVARESVRRKGLTPFTPEEGVWALQLNGGQYWAVTSPERSPLSCGHLSRVRVALDLEVGAVSFYAVEDMRHLYTFRVNFQERVFPLFSVCSTGTYLRIWP TRIM/RBCC family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Mediates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination and stabilization of the JUN coactivator RNF187 in response to growth factor signaling via the MEK/ERK pathway, thereby regulating JUN transactivation and cellular proliferation. Promotes the TLR4-mediated signaling activation through its E3 ligase domain leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon (By similarity). Plays also a negative role in the regulation of exogenous cytosolic DNA virus-triggered immune response. Mechanistically, enhances the 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of STING1 leading to its proteasome-dependent degradation. M6ATAR00159 eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1/EIF4EBP1) 4E-BP1; eIF4E-binding protein 1; Phosphorylated heat- and acid-stable protein regulated by insulin 1; PHAS-I 4EBP1_HUMAN hsa:1978 HGNC:3288 . ENSG00000187840 1978 EIF4EBP1 Protein coding 8p11.23 MSGGSSCSQTPSRAIPATRRVVLGDGVQLPPGDYSTTPGGTLFSTTPGGTRIIYDRKFLMECRNSPVTKTPPRDLPTIPGVTSPSSDEPPMEASQSHLRNSPEDKRAGGEESQFEMDI eIF4E-binding protein family Repressor of translation initiation that regulates EIF4E activity by preventing its assembly into the eIF4F complex: hypophosphorylated form competes with EIF4G1/EIF4G3 and strongly binds to EIF4E, leading to repress translation. In contrast, hyperphosphorylated form dissociates from EIF4E, allowing interaction between EIF4G1/EIF4G3 and EIF4E, leading to initiation of translation. Mediates the regulation of protein translation by hormones, growth factors and other stimuli that signal through the MAP kinase and mTORC1 pathways. M6ATAR00241 ELAV-like protein 1 (HuR/ELAVL1) Hu-antigen R; HuR; HUR ELAV1_HUMAN hsa:1994 HGNC:3312 . ENSG00000066044 1994 ELAVL1 Protein coding 19p13.2 MSNGYEDHMAEDCRGDIGRTNLIVNYLPQNMTQDELRSLFSSIGEVESAKLIRDKVAGHSLGYGFVNYVTAKDAERAINTLNGLRLQSKTIKVSYARPSSEVIKDANLYISGLPRTMTQKDVEDMFSRFGRIINSRVLVDQTTGLSRGVAFIRFDKRSEAEEAITSFNGHKPPGSSEPITVKFAANPNQNKNVALLSQLYHSPARRFGGPVHHQAQRFRFSPMGVDHMSGLSGVNVPGNASSGWCIFIYNLGQDADEGILWQMFGPFGAVTNVKVIRDFNTNKCKGFGFVTMTNYEEAAMAIASLNGYRLGDKILQVSFKTNKSHK RRM elav family RNA-binding protein that binds to the 3'-UTR region of mRNAs and increases their stability. Involved in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiation: preferentially binds mRNAs that are not methylated by N6-methyladenosine (m6A), stabilizing them, promoting ESCs differentiation (By similarity). Binds to poly-U elements and AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-UTR of target mRNAs. Binds avidly to the AU-rich element in FOS and IL3/interleukin-3 mRNAs. In the case of the FOS AU-rich element, binds to a core element of 27 nucleotides that contain AUUUA, AUUUUA, and AUUUUUA motifs. Binds preferentially to the 5'-UUUU[AG]UUU-3' motif in vitro. With ZNF385A, binds the 3'-UTR of p53/TP53 mRNA to control their nuclear export induced by CDKN2A. Hence, may regulate p53/TP53 expression and mediate in part the CDKN2A anti-proliferative activity. May also bind with ZNF385A the CCNB1 mRNA (By similarity). Increases the stability of the leptin mRNA harboring an AU-rich element (ARE) in its 3' UTR. M6ATAR00719 Elongation factor 1-alpha 2 (EEF1A2) EF-1-alpha-2; Eukaryotic elongation factor 1 A-2; eEF1A-2; Statin-S1 EF1A2_HUMAN hsa:1917 HGNC:3192 . ENSG00000101210 1917 EEF1A2 Protein coding 20q13.33 MGKEKTHINIVVIGHVDSGKSTTTGHLIYKCGGIDKRTIEKFEKEAAEMGKGSFKYAWVLDKLKAERERGITIDISLWKFETTKYYITIIDAPGHRDFIKNMITGTSQADCAVLIVAAGVGEFEAGISKNGQTREHALLAYTLGVKQLIVGVNKMDSTEPAYSEKRYDEIVKEVSAYIKKIGYNPATVPFVPISGWHGDNMLEPSPNMPWFKGWKVERKEGNASGVSLLEALDTILPPTRPTDKPLRLPLQDVYKIGGIGTVPVGRVETGILRPGMVVTFAPVNITTEVKSVEMHHEALSEALPGDNVGFNVKNVSVKDIRRGNVCGDSKSDPPQEAAQFTSQVIILNHPGQISAGYSPVIDCHTAHIACKFAELKEKIDRRSGKKLEDNPKSLKSGDAAIVEMVPGKPMCVESFSQYPPLGRFAVRDMRQTVAVGVIKNVEKKSGGAGKVTKSAQKAQKAGK TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily, Classic translation factor GTPase family, EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. M6ATAR00545 Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP (Grp78) 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein; GRP-78; Binding-immunoglobulin protein; BiP; Heat shock protein 70 family protein 5; HSP70 family protein 5; Heat shock protein family A member 5; Immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein BIP_HUMAN hsa:3309 HGNC:5238 . ENSG00000044574 3309 Grp78 Protein coding 9q33.3 MKLSLVAAMLLLLSAARAEEEDKKEDVGTVVGIDLGTTYSCVGVFKNGRVEIIANDQGNRITPSYVAFTPEGERLIGDAAKNQLTSNPENTVFDAKRLIGRTWNDPSVQQDIKFLPFKVVEKKTKPYIQVDIGGGQTKTFAPEEISAMVLTKMKETAEAYLGKKVTHAVVTVPAYFNDAQRQATKDAGTIAGLNVMRIINEPTAAAIAYGLDKREGEKNILVFDLGGGTFDVSLLTIDNGVFEVVATNGDTHLGGEDFDQRVMEHFIKLYKKKTGKDVRKDNRAVQKLRREVEKAKRALSSQHQARIEIESFYEGEDFSETLTRAKFEELNMDLFRSTMKPVQKVLEDSDLKKSDIDEIVLVGGSTRIPKIQQLVKEFFNGKEPSRGINPDEAVAYGAAVQAGVLSGDQDTGDLVLLDVCPLTLGIETVGGVMTKLIPRNTVVPTKKSQIFSTASDNQPTVTIKVYEGERPLTKDNHLLGTFDLTGIPPAPRGVPQIEVTFEIDVNGILRVTAEDKGTGNKNKITITNDQNRLTPEEIERMVNDAEKFAEEDKKLKERIDTRNELESYAYSLKNQIGDKEKLGGKLSSEDKETMEKAVEEKIEWLESHQDADIEDFKAKKKELEEIVQPIISKLYGSAGPPPTGEEDTAEKDEL Heat shock protein 70 family Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone that plays a key role in protein folding and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Involved in the correct folding of proteins and degradation of misfolded proteins via its interaction with DNAJC10/ERdj5, probably to facilitate the release of DNAJC10/ERdj5 from its substrate (By similarity). Acts as a key repressor of the ERN1/IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) . In the unstressed endoplasmic reticulum, recruited by DNAJB9/ERdj4 to the luminal region of ERN1/IRE1, leading to disrupt the dimerization of ERN1/IRE1, thereby inactivating ERN1/IRE1 (By similarity). Accumulation of misfolded protein in the endoplasmic reticulum causes release of HSPA5/BiP from ERN1/IRE1, allowing homodimerization and subsequent activation of ERN1/IRE1 (By similarity). Plays an auxiliary role in post-translational transport of small presecretory proteins across endoplasmic reticulum (ER). May function as an allosteric modulator for SEC61 channel-forming translocon complex, likely cooperating with SEC62 to enable the productive insertion of these precursors into SEC61 channel. Appears to specifically regulate translocation of precursors having inhibitory residues in their mature region that weaken channel gating. May also play a role in apoptosis and cell proliferation; (Microbial infection) Plays an important role in viral binding to the host cell membrane and entry for several flaviruses such as Dengue virus, Zika virus and Japanese encephalitis virus. Acts as a component of the cellular receptor for Dengue virus serotype 2/DENV-2 on human liver cells. ; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for CotH proteins expressed by fungi of the order mucorales, the causative agent of mucormycosis, which plays an important role in epithelial cell invasion by the fungi . Acts as a receptor for R.delemar CotH3 in nasal epithelial cells, which may be an early step in rhinoorbital/cerebral mucormycosis (RCM) disease progression. M6ATAR00243 Endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (HIF-2Alpha/EPAS1) EPAS-1; Basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS protein MOP2; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 73; bHLHe73; HIF-1-alpha-like factor; HLF; Hypoxia-inducible factor 2-alpha; HIF-2-alpha; HIF2-alpha; Member of PAS protein 2; PAS domain-containing protein 2; BHLHE73; HIF2A; MOP2; PASD2 EPAS1_HUMAN hsa:2034 HGNC:3374 . ENSG00000116016 2034 EPAS1 Protein coding 2p21 MTADKEKKRSSSERRKEKSRDAARCRRSKETEVFYELAHELPLPHSVSSHLDKASIMRLAISFLRTHKLLSSVCSENESEAEADQQMDNLYLKALEGFIAVVTQDGDMIFLSENISKFMGLTQVELTGHSIFDFTHPCDHEEIRENLSLKNGSGFGKKSKDMSTERDFFMRMKCTVTNRGRTVNLKSATWKVLHCTGQVKVYNNCPPHNSLCGYKEPLLSCLIIMCEPIQHPSHMDIPLDSKTFLSRHSMDMKFTYCDDRITELIGYHPEELLGRSAYEFYHALDSENMTKSHQNLCTKGQVVSGQYRMLAKHGGYVWLETQGTVIYNPRNLQPQCIMCVNYVLSEIEKNDVVFSMDQTESLFKPHLMAMNSIFDSSGKGAVSEKSNFLFTKLKEEPEELAQLAPTPGDAIISLDFGNQNFEESSAYGKAILPPSQPWATELRSHSTQSEAGSLPAFTVPQAAAPGSTTPSATSSSSSCSTPNSPEDYYTSLDNDLKIEVIEKLFAMDTEAKDQCSTQTDFNELDLETLAPYIPMDGEDFQLSPICPEERLLAENPQSTPQHCFSAMTNIFQPLAPVAPHSPFLLDKFQQQLESKKTEPEHRPMSSIFFDAGSKASLPPCCGQASTPLSSMGGRSNTQWPPDPPLHFGPTKWAVGDQRTEFLGAAPLGPPVSPPHVSTFKTRSAKGFGARGPDVLSPAMVALSNKLKLKRQLEYEEQAFQDLSGGDPPGGSTSHLMWKRMKNLRGGSCPLMPDKPLSANVPNDKFTQNPMRGLGHPLRHLPLPQPPSAISPGENSKSRFPPQCYATQYQDYSLSSAHKVSGMASRLLGPSFESYLLPELTRYDCEVNVPVLGSSTLLQGGDLLRALDQAT . Transcription factor involved in the induction of oxygen regulated genes. Heterodimerizes with ARNT; heterodimer binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TACGTG-3' within the hypoxia response element (HRE) of target gene promoters (By similarity). Regulates the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and seems to be implicated in the development of blood vessels and the tubular system of lung. May also play a role in the formation of the endothelium that gives rise to the blood brain barrier. Potent activator of the Tie-2 tyrosine kinase expression. Activation requires recruitment of transcriptional coactivators such as CREBBP and probably EP300. Interaction with redox regulatory protein APEX1 seems to activate CTAD (By similarity). M6ATAR00544 Engulfment and cell motility protein 1 (ELMO1) Protein ced-12 homolog ELMO1_HUMAN hsa:9844 HGNC:16286 . ENSG00000155849 9844 ELMO1 Protein coding 7p14.2-p14.1 MPPPADIVKVAIEWPGAYPKLMEIDQKKPLSAIIKEVCDGWSLANHEYFALQHADSSNFYITEKNRNEIKNGTILRLTTSPAQNAQQLHERIQSSSMDAKLEALKDLASLSRDVTFAQEFINLDGISLLTQMVESGTERYQKLQKIMKPCFGDMLSFTLTAFVELMDHGIVSWDTFSVAFIKKIASFVNKSAIDISILQRSLAILESMVLNSHDLYQKVAQEITIGQLIPHLQGSDQEIQTYTIAVINALFLKAPDERRQEMANILAQKQLRSIILTHVIRAQRAINNEMAHQLYVLQVLTFNLLEDRMMTKMDPQDQAQRDIIFELRRIAFDAESEPNNSSGSMEKRKSMYTRDYKKLGFINHVNPAMDFTQTPPGMLALDNMLYFAKHHQDAYIRIVLENSSREDKHECPFGRSSIELTKMLCEILKVGELPSETCNDFHPMFFTHDRSFEEFFCICIQLLNKTWKEMRATSEDFNKVMQVVKEQVMRALTTKPSSLDQFKSKLQNLSYTEILKIRQSERMNQEDFQSRPILELKEKIQPEILELIKQQRLNRLVEGTCFRKLNARRRQDKFWYCRLSPNHKVLHYGDLEESPQGEVPHDSLQDKLPVADIKAVVTGKDCPHMKEKGALKQNKEVLELAFSILYDSNCQLNFIAPDKHEYCIWTDGLNALLGKDMMSDLTRNDLDTLLSMEIKLRLLDLENIQIPDAPPPIPKEPSNYDFVYDCN . Involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility. Acts in association with DOCK1 and CRK. Was initially proposed to be required in complex with DOCK1 to activate Rac Rho small GTPases. May enhance the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of DOCK1. M6ATAR00716 Ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) Epithelial cell kinase; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor ECK EPHA2_HUMAN hsa:1969 HGNC:3386 . ENSG00000142627 1969 EphA2 Protein coding 1p36.13 MELQAARACFALLWGCALAAAAAAQGKEVVLLDFAAAGGELGWLTHPYGKGWDLMQNIMNDMPIYMYSVCNVMSGDQDNWLRTNWVYRGEAERIFIELKFTVRDCNSFPGGASSCKETFNLYYAESDLDYGTNFQKRLFTKIDTIAPDEITVSSDFEARHVKLNVEERSVGPLTRKGFYLAFQDIGACVALLSVRVYYKKCPELLQGLAHFPETIAGSDAPSLATVAGTCVDHAVVPPGGEEPRMHCAVDGEWLVPIGQCLCQAGYEKVEDACQACSPGFFKFEASESPCLECPEHTLPSPEGATSCECEEGFFRAPQDPASMPCTRPPSAPHYLTAVGMGAKVELRWTPPQDSGGREDIVYSVTCEQCWPESGECGPCEASVRYSEPPHGLTRTSVTVSDLEPHMNYTFTVEARNGVSGLVTSRSFRTASVSINQTEPPKVRLEGRSTTSLSVSWSIPPPQQSRVWKYEVTYRKKGDSNSYNVRRTEGFSVTLDDLAPDTTYLVQVQALTQEGQGAGSKVHEFQTLSPEGSGNLAVIGGVAVGVVLLLVLAGVGFFIHRRRKNQRARQSPEDVYFSKSEQLKPLKTYVDPHTYEDPNQAVLKFTTEIHPSCVTRQKVIGAGEFGEVYKGMLKTSSGKKEVPVAIKTLKAGYTEKQRVDFLGEAGIMGQFSHHNIIRLEGVISKYKPMMIITEYMENGALDKFLREKDGEFSVLQLVGMLRGIAAGMKYLANMNYVHRDLAARNILVNSNLVCKVSDFGLSRVLEDDPEATYTTSGGKIPIRWTAPEAISYRKFTSASDVWSFGIVMWEVMTYGERPYWELSNHEVMKAINDGFRLPTPMDCPSAIYQLMMQCWQQERARRPKFADIVSILDKLIRAPDSLKTLADFDPRVSIRLPSTSGSEGVPFRTVSEWLESIKMQQYTEHFMAAGYTAIEKVVQMTNDDIKRIGVRLPGHQKRIAYSLLGLKDQVNTVGIPI Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Ephrin receptor subfamily Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Activated by the ligand ephrin-A1/EFNA1 regulates migration, integrin-mediated adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. Regulates cell adhesion and differentiation through DSG1/desmoglein-1 and inhibition of the ERK1/ERK2 (MAPK3/MAPK1, respectively) signaling pathway. May also participate in UV radiation-induced apoptosis and have a ligand-independent stimulatory effect on chemotactic cell migration. During development, may function in distinctive aspects of pattern formation and subsequently in development of several fetal tissues. Involved for instance in angiogenesis, in early hindbrain development and epithelial proliferation and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Engaged by the ligand ephrin-A5/EFNA5 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency development and maintenance. With ephrin-A2/EFNA2 may play a role in bone remodeling through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis.; FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hepatocytes and facilitates its cell entry. Mediates HCV entry by promoting the formation of the CD81-CLDN1 receptor complexes that are essential for HCV entry and by enhancing membrane fusion of cells expressing HCV envelope glycoproteins. M6ATAR00244 Ephrin type-B receptor 2 (ERK/EPHB2) Developmentally-regulated Eph-related tyrosine kinase; ELK-related tyrosine kinase; EPH tyrosine kinase 3; EPH-like kinase 5; EK5; hEK5; Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-47; Tyrosine-protein kinase TYRO5; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor EPH-3; DRT; EPHT3; EPTH3; ERK; HEK5; TYRO5 EPHB2_HUMAN hsa:2048 HGNC:3393 . ENSG00000133216 2048 EPHB2 Protein coding 1p36.12 MALRRLGAALLLLPLLAAVEETLMDSTTATAELGWMVHPPSGWEEVSGYDENMNTIRTYQVCNVFESSQNNWLRTKFIRRRGAHRIHVEMKFSVRDCSSIPSVPGSCKETFNLYYYEADFDSATKTFPNWMENPWVKVDTIAADESFSQVDLGGRVMKINTEVRSFGPVSRSGFYLAFQDYGGCMSLIAVRVFYRKCPRIIQNGAIFQETLSGAESTSLVAARGSCIANAEEVDVPIKLYCNGDGEWLVPIGRCMCKAGFEAVENGTVCRGCPSGTFKANQGDEACTHCPINSRTTSEGATNCVCRNGYYRADLDPLDMPCTTIPSAPQAVISSVNETSLMLEWTPPRDSGGREDLVYNIICKSCGSGRGACTRCGDNVQYAPRQLGLTEPRIYISDLLAHTQYTFEIQAVNGVTDQSPFSPQFASVNITTNQAAPSAVSIMHQVSRTVDSITLSWSQPDQPNGVILDYELQYYEKELSEYNATAIKSPTNTVTVQGLKAGAIYVFQVRARTVAGYGRYSGKMYFQTMTEAEYQTSIQEKLPLIIGSSAAGLVFLIAVVVIAIVCNRRGFERADSEYTDKLQHYTSGHMTPGMKIYIDPFTYEDPNEAVREFAKEIDISCVKIEQVIGAGEFGEVCSGHLKLPGKREIFVAIKTLKSGYTEKQRRDFLSEASIMGQFDHPNVIHLEGVVTKSTPVMIITEFMENGSLDSFLRQNDGQFTVIQLVGMLRGIAAGMKYLADMNYVHRDLAARNILVNSNLVCKVSDFGLSRFLEDDTSDPTYTSALGGKIPIRWTAPEAIQYRKFTSASDVWSYGIVMWEVMSYGERPYWDMTNQDVINAIEQDYRLPPPMDCPSALHQLMLDCWQKDRNHRPKFGQIVNTLDKMIRNPNSLKAMAPLSSGINLPLLDRTIPDYTSFNTVDEWLEAIKMGQYKESFANAGFTSFDVVSQMMMEDILRVGVTLAGHQKKILNSIQVMRAQMNQIQSVEGQPLARRPRATGRTKRCQPRDVTKKTCNSNDGKKKGMGKKKTDPGRGREIQGIFFKEDSHKESNDCSCGG protein kinase superfamily; Tyr protein kinase family; Ephrin receptor subfamily Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously transmembrane ephrin-B family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Functions in axon guidance during development. Involved in the guidance of commissural axons, that form a major interhemispheric connection between the 2 temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex. Also involved in guidance of contralateral inner ear efferent growth cones at the midline and of retinal ganglion cell axons to the optic disk. In addition to axon guidance, also regulates dendritic spines development and maturation and stimulates the formation of excitatory synapses. Upon activation by EFNB1, abolishes the ARHGEF15-mediated negative regulation on excitatory synapse formation. Controls other aspects of development including angiogenesis, palate development and in inner ear development through regulation of endolymph production. Forward and reverse signaling through the EFNB2/EPHB2 complex regulate movement and adhesion of cells that tubularize the urethra and septate the cloaca. May function as a tumor suppressor. May be involved in the regulation of platelet activation and blood coagulation. M6ATAR00504 Ephrin type-B receptor 3 (EPHB3) EPH-like tyrosine kinase 2; EPH-like kinase 2; Embryonic kinase 2; EK2; hEK2; Tyrosine-protein kinase TYRO6 EPHB3_HUMAN hsa:2049 HGNC:3394 . ENSG00000182580 2049 EPHB3 Protein coding 3q27.1 MARARPPPPPSPPPGLLPLLPPLLLLPLLLLPAGCRALEETLMDTKWVTSELAWTSHPESGWEEVSGYDEAMNPIRTYQVCNVRESSQNNWLRTGFIWRRDVQRVYVELKFTVRDCNSIPNIPGSCKETFNLFYYEADSDVASASSPFWMENPYVKVDTIAPDESFSRLDAGRVNTKVRSFGPLSKAGFYLAFQDQGACMSLISVRAFYKKCASTTAGFALFPETLTGAEPTSLVIAPGTCIPNAVEVSVPLKLYCNGDGEWMVPVGACTCATGHEPAAKESQCRPCPPGSYKAKQGEGPCLPCPPNSRTTSPAASICTCHNNFYRADSDSADSACTTVPSPPRGVISNVNETSLILEWSEPRDLGGRDDLLYNVICKKCHGAGGASACSRCDDNVEFVPRQLGLTERRVHISHLLAHTRYTFEVQAVNGVSGKSPLPPRYAAVNITTNQAAPSEVPTLRLHSSSGSSLTLSWAPPERPNGVILDYEMKYFEKSEGIASTVTSQMNSVQLDGLRPDARYVVQVRARTVAGYGQYSRPAEFETTSERGSGAQQLQEQLPLIVGSATAGLVFVVAVVVIAIVCLRKQRHGSDSEYTEKLQQYIAPGMKVYIDPFTYEDPNEAVREFAKEIDVSCVKIEEVIGAGEFGEVCRGRLKQPGRREVFVAIKTLKVGYTERQRRDFLSEASIMGQFDHPNIIRLEGVVTKSRPVMILTEFMENCALDSFLRLNDGQFTVIQLVGMLRGIAAGMKYLSEMNYVHRDLAARNILVNSNLVCKVSDFGLSRFLEDDPSDPTYTSSLGGKIPIRWTAPEAIAYRKFTSASDVWSYGIVMWEVMSYGERPYWDMSNQDVINAVEQDYRLPPPMDCPTALHQLMLDCWVRDRNLRPKFSQIVNTLDKLIRNAASLKVIASAQSGMSQPLLDRTVPDYTTFTTVGDWLDAIKMGRYKESFVSAGFASFDLVAQMTAEDLLRIGVTLAGHQKKILSSIQDMRLQMNQTLPVQV Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Ephrin receptor subfamily Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously transmembrane ephrin-B family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Generally has an overlapping and redundant function with EPHB2. Like EPHB2, functions in axon guidance during development regulating for instance the neurons forming the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure, 2 major interhemispheric connections between the temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex. In addition to its role in axon guidance plays also an important redundant role with other ephrin-B receptors in development and maturation of dendritic spines and the formation of excitatory synapses. Controls other aspects of development through regulation of cell migration and positioning. This includes angiogenesis, palate development and thymic epithelium development for instance. Forward and reverse signaling through the EFNB2/EPHB3 complex also regulate migration and adhesion of cells that tubularize the urethra and septate the cloaca. Finally, plays an important role in intestinal epithelium differentiation segregating progenitor from differentiated cells in the crypt. M6ATAR00237 Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Proto-oncogene c-ErbB-1; Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-1; ERBB; ERBB1; HER1 EGFR_HUMAN hsa:1956 HGNC:3236 . ENSG00000146648 1956 EGFR Protein coding 7p11.2 MRPSGTAGAALLALLAALCPASRALEEKKVCQGTSNKLTQLGTFEDHFLSLQRMFNNCEVVLGNLEITYVQRNYDLSFLKTIQEVAGYVLIALNTVERIPLENLQIIRGNMYYENSYALAVLSNYDANKTGLKELPMRNLQEILHGAVRFSNNPALCNVESIQWRDIVSSDFLSNMSMDFQNHLGSCQKCDPSCPNGSCWGAGEENCQKLTKIICAQQCSGRCRGKSPSDCCHNQCAAGCTGPRESDCLVCRKFRDEATCKDTCPPLMLYNPTTYQMDVNPEGKYSFGATCVKKCPRNYVVTDHGSCVRACGADSYEMEEDGVRKCKKCEGPCRKVCNGIGIGEFKDSLSINATNIKHFKNCTSISGDLHILPVAFRGDSFTHTPPLDPQELDILKTVKEITGFLLIQAWPENRTDLHAFENLEIIRGRTKQHGQFSLAVVSLNITSLGLRSLKEISDGDVIISGNKNLCYANTINWKKLFGTSGQKTKIISNRGENSCKATGQVCHALCSPEGCWGPEPRDCVSCRNVSRGRECVDKCNLLEGEPREFVENSECIQCHPECLPQAMNITCTGRGPDNCIQCAHYIDGPHCVKTCPAGVMGENNTLVWKYADAGHVCHLCHPNCTYGCTGPGLEGCPTNGPKIPSIATGMVGALLLLLVVALGIGLFMRRRHIVRKRTLRRLLQERELVEPLTPSGEAPNQALLRILKETEFKKIKVLGSGAFGTVYKGLWIPEGEKVKIPVAIKELREATSPKANKEILDEAYVMASVDNPHVCRLLGICLTSTVQLITQLMPFGCLLDYVREHKDNIGSQYLLNWCVQIAKGMNYLEDRRLVHRDLAARNVLVKTPQHVKITDFGLAKLLGAEEKEYHAEGGKVPIKWMALESILHRIYTHQSDVWSYGVTVWELMTFGSKPYDGIPASEISSILEKGERLPQPPICTIDVYMIMVKCWMIDADSRPKFRELIIEFSKMARDPQRYLVIQGDERMHLPSPTDSNFYRALMDEEDMDDVVDADEYLIPQQGFFSSPSTSRTPLLSSLSATSNNSTVACIDRNGLQSCPIKEDSFLQRYSSDPTGALTEDSIDDTFLPVPEYINQSVPKRPAGSVQNPVYHNQPLNPAPSRDPHYQDPHSTAVGNPEYLNTVQPTCVNSTFDSPAHWAQKGSHQISLDNPDYQQDFFPKEAKPNGIFKGSTAENAEYLRVAPQSSEFIGA protein kinase superfamily; Tyr protein kinase family; EGF receptor subfamily Receptor tyrosine kinase binding ligands of the EGF family and activating several signaling cascades to convert extracellular cues into appropriate cellular responses. Known ligands include EGF, TGFA/TGF-alpha, AREG, epigen/EPGN, BTC/betacellulin, epiregulin/EREG and HBEGF/heparin-binding EGF. Ligand binding triggers receptor homo- and/or heterodimerization and autophosphorylation on key cytoplasmic residues. The phosphorylated receptor recruits adapter proteins like GRB2 which in turn activates complex downstream signaling cascades. Activates at least 4 major downstream signaling cascades including the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, PI3 kinase-AKT, PLCgamma-PKC and STATs modules. May also activate the NF-kappa-B signaling cascade. Also directly phosphorylates other proteins like RGS16, activating its GTPase activity and probably coupling the EGF receptor signaling to the G protein-coupled receptor signaling. Also phosphorylates MUC1 and increases its interaction with SRC and CTNNB1/beta-catenin. Positively regulates cell migration via interaction with CCDC88A/GIV which retains EGFR at the cell membrane following ligand stimulation, promoting EGFR signaling which triggers cell migration. Plays a role in enhancing learning and memory performance (By similarity). Isoform 2 may act as an antagonist of EGF action. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hepatocytes and facilitates its cell entry. Mediates HCV entry by promoting the formation of the CD81-CLDN1 receptor complexes that are essential for HCV entry and by enhancing membrane fusion of cells expressing HCV envelope glycoproteins. M6ATAR00242 Epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) EMP-3; Hematopoietic neural membrane protein 1; HNMP-1; Protein YMP; YMP EMP3_HUMAN hsa:2014 HGNC:3335 . ENSG00000142227 2014 EMP3 Protein coding 19q13.33 MSLLLLVVSALHILILILLFVATLDKSWWTLPGKESLNLWYDCTWNNDTKTWACSNVSENGWLKAVQVLMVLSLILCCLSFILFMFQLYTMRRGGLFYATGLCQLCTSVAVFTGALIYAIHAEEILEKHPRGGSFGYCFALAWVAFPLALVSGIIYIHLRKRE PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family Probably involved in cell proliferation and cell-cell interactions. M6ATAR00589 Epithelial splicing regulatory protein 2 (ESRP2) RNA-binding motif protein 35B; RNA-binding protein 35B ESRP2_HUMAN hsa:80004 HGNC:26152 . ENSG00000103067 80004 ESRP2 Protein coding 16q22.1 MTPPPPPPPPPGPDPAADPAADPCPWPGSLVVLFGATAGALGRDLGSDETDLILLVWQVVEPRSRQVGTLHKSLVRAEAAALSTQCREASGLSADSLARAEPLDKVLQQFSQLVNGDVALLGGGPYMLCTDGQQLLRQVLHPEASRKNLVLPDMFFSFYDLRREFHMQHPSTCPARDLTVATMAQGLGLETDATEDDFGVWEVKTMVAVILHLLKEPSSQLFSKPEVIKQKYETGPCSDSTVPCPYSSKADVVDSETVVRARGLPWQSSDQDVARFFKGLNVARGGVALCLNAQGRRNGEALIRFVDSEQRDLALQRHKHHMGVRYIEVYKATGEEFVKIAGGTSLEVARFLSREDQVILRLRGLPFSAGPTDVLGFLGPECPVTGGTEGLLFVRHPDGRPTGDAFALFACEELAQAALRRHKGMLGKRYIELFRSTAAEVQQVLNRYASGPLLPTLTAPLLPIPFPLAPGTGRDCVRLRGLPYTATIEDILSFLGEAAADIRPHGVHMVLNQQGRPSGDAFIQMTSAERALAAAQRCHKKVMKERYVEVVPCSTEEMSRVLMGGTLGRSGMSPPPCKLPCLSPPTYTTFQATPTLIPTETAALYPSSALLPAARVPAAPTPVAYYPGPATQLYLNYTAYYPSPPVSPTTVGYLTTPTAALASAPTSVLSQSGALVRMQGVPYTAGMKDLLSVFQAYQLPADDYTSLMPVGDPPRTVLQAPKEWVCL ESRP family mRNA splicing factor that regulates the formation of epithelial cell-specific isoforms. Specifically regulates the expression of FGFR2-IIIb, an epithelial cell-specific isoform of FGFR2. Also regulates the splicing of CD44, CTNND1, ENAH, 3 transcripts that undergo changes in splicing during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Acts by directly binding specific sequences in mRNAs. Binds the GU-rich sequence motifs in the ISE/ISS-3, a cis-element regulatory region present in the mRNA of FGFR2. M6ATAR00723 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 11 (HSD17B11) 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 11; 17-beta-HSD 11; 17bHSD11; 17betaHSD11; 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase XI; 17-beta-HSD XI; 17betaHSDXI; Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma-associated antigen HD-CL-03; CTCL-associated antigen HD-CL-03; Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 8; Retinal short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 2; retSDR2; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 16C member 2 DHB11_HUMAN hsa:51170 HGNC:22960 . ENSG00000198189 51170 HSD17B11 Protein coding 4q22.1 MKFLLDILLLLPLLIVCSLESFVKLFIPKRRKSVTGEIVLITGAGHGIGRLTAYEFAKLKSKLVLWDINKHGLEETAAKCKGLGAKVHTFVVDCSNREDIYSSAKKVKAEIGDVSILVNNAGVVYTSDLFATQDPQIEKTFEVNVLAHFWTTKAFLPAMTKNNHGHIVTVASAAGHVSVPFLLAYCSSKFAAVGFHKTLTDELAALQITGVKTTCLCPNFVNTGFIKNPSTSLGPTLEPEEVVNRLMHGILTEQKMIFIPSSIAFLTTLERILPERFLAVLKQKISVKFDAVIGYKMKAQ Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family, 17-beta-HSD 3 subfamily Can convert androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol) to androsterone in vitro, suggesting that it may participate in androgen metabolism during steroidogenesis. May act by metabolizing compounds that stimulate steroid synthesis and/or by generating metabolites that inhibit it. Has no activity toward DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), or A-dione (4-androste-3,17-dione), and only a slight activity toward testosterone to A-dione. Tumor-associated antigen in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. M6ATAR00247 Estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma/ESRRG) ERR gamma-2; Estrogen receptor-related protein 3; Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group B member 3; ERR3; ERRG2; KIAA0832; NR3B3 ERR3_HUMAN hsa:2104 HGNC:3474 . ENSG00000196482 2104 ESRRG Protein coding 1q41 MDSVELCLPESFSLHYEEELLCRMSNKDRHIDSSCSSFIKTEPSSPASLTDSVNHHSPGGSSDASGSYSSTMNGHQNGLDSPPLYPSAPILGGSGPVRKLYDDCSSTIVEDPQTKCEYMLNSMPKRLCLVCGDIASGYHYGVASCEACKAFFKRTIQGNIEYSCPATNECEITKRRRKSCQACRFMKCLKVGMLKEGVRLDRVRGGRQKYKRRIDAENSPYLNPQLVQPAKKPYNKIVSHLLVAEPEKIYAMPDPTVPDSDIKALTTLCDLADRELVVIIGWAKHIPGFSTLSLADQMSLLQSAWMEILILGVVYRSLSFEDELVYADDYIMDEDQSKLAGLLDLNNAILQLVKKYKSMKLEKEEFVTLKAIALANSDSMHIEDVEAVQKLQDVLHEALQDYEAGQHMEDPRRAGKMLMTLPLLRQTSTKAVQHFYNIKLEGKVPMHKLFLEMLEAKV nuclear hormone receptor family; NR3 subfamily Orphan receptor that acts as transcription activator in the absence of bound ligand. Binds specifically to an estrogen response element and activates reporter genes controlled by estrogen response elements (By similarity). Induces the expression of PERM1 in the skeletal muscle. M6ATAR00287 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 (EIF2S1/eIF2-Alpha) Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha; eIF-2-alpha; eIF-2A; eIF-2alpha; EIF2A IF2A_HUMAN hsa:1965 HGNC:3265 . ENSG00000134001 1965 EIF2S1 Protein coding 14q23.3 MPGLSCRFYQHKFPEVEDVVMVNVRSIAEMGAYVSLLEYNNIEGMILLSELSRRRIRSINKLIRIGRNECVVVIRVDKEKGYIDLSKRRVSPEEAIKCEDKFTKSKTVYSILRHVAEVLEYTKDEQLESLFQRTAWVFDDKYKRPGYGAYDAFKHAVSDPSILDSLDLNEDEREVLINNINRRLTPQAVKIRADIEVACYGYEGIDAVKEALRAGLNCSTENMPIKINLIAPPRYVMTTTTLERTEGLSVLSQAMAVIKEKIEEKRGVFNVQMEPKVVTDTDETELARQMERLERENAEVDGDDDAEEMEAKAED eIF-2-alpha family Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre-initiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B. EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha is a key component of the integrated stress response (ISR), required for adaptation to various stress: phosphorylation by metabolic-stress sensing protein kinases (EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2) in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to an attenuation of cap-dependent translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activators ATF4 and QRICH1, and hence allowing ATF4- and QRICH1-mediated reprogramming. M6ATAR00239 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A (EIF3A/EIF3) eIF3a; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 10; eIF-3-theta; eIF3 p167; eIF3 p180; eIF3 p185; EIF3S10; KIAA0139 EIF3A_HUMAN hsa:8661 HGNC:3271 . ENSG00000107581 8661 EIF3A Protein coding 10q26.11 MPAYFQRPENALKRANEFLEVGKKQPALDVLYDVMKSKKHRTWQKIHEPIMLKYLELCVDLRKSHLAKEGLYQYKNICQQVNIKSLEDVVRAYLKMAEEKTEAAKEESQQMVLDIEDLDNIQTPESVLLSAVSGEDTQDRTDRLLLTPWVKFLWESYRQCLDLLRNNSRVERLYHDIAQQAFKFCLQYTRKAEFRKLCDNLRMHLSQIQRHHNQSTAINLNNPESQSMHLETRLVQLDSAISMELWQEAFKAVEDIHGLFSLSKKPPKPQLMANYYNKVSTVFWKSGNALFHASTLHRLYHLSREMRKNLTQDEMQRMSTRVLLATLSIPITPERTDIARLLDMDGIIVEKQRRLATLLGLQAPPTRIGLINDMVRFNVLQYVVPEVKDLYNWLEVEFNPLKLCERVTKVLNWVREQPEKEPELQQYVPQLQNNTILRLLQQVSQIYQSIEFSRLTSLVPFVDAFQLERAIVDAARHCDLQVRIDHTSRTLSFGSDLNYATREDAPIGPHLQSMPSEQIRNQLTAMSSVLAKALEVIKPAHILQEKEEQHQLAVTAYLKNSRKEHQRILARRQTIEERKERLESLNIQREKEELEQREAELQKVRKAEEERLRQEAKEREKERILQEHEQIKKKTVRERLEQIKKTELGAKAFKDIDIEDLEELDPDFIMAKQVEQLEKEKKELQERLKNQEKKIDYFERAKRLEEIPLIKSAYEEQRIKDMDLWEQQEEERITTMQLEREKALEHKNRMSRMLEDRDLFVMRLKAARQSVYEEKLKQFEERLAEERHNRLEERKRQRKEERRITYYREKEEEEQRRAEEQMLKEREERERAERAKREEELREYQERVKKLEEVERKKRQRELEIEERERRREEERRLGDSSLSRKDSRWGDRDSEGTWRKGPEADSEWRRGPPEKEWRRGEGRDEDRSHRRDEERPRRLGDDEDREPSLRPDDDRVPRRGMDDDRGPRRGPEEDRFSRRGADDDRPSWRNTDDDRPPRRIADEDRGNWRHADDDRPPRRGLDEDRGSWRTADEDRGPRRGMDDDRGPRRGGADDERSSWRNADDDRGPRRGLDDDRGPRRGMDDDRGPRRGMDDDRGPRRGMDDDRGPRRGLDDDRGPWRNADDDRIPRRGAEDDRGPWRNMDDDRLSRRADDDRFPRRGDDSRPGPWRPLVKPGGWREKEKAREESWGPPRESRPSEEREWDREKERDRDNQDREENDKDPERERDRERDVDREDRFRRPRDEGGWRRGPAEESSSWRDSSRRDDRDRDDRRRERDDRRDLRERRDLRDDRDRRGPPLRSEREEVSSWRRADDRKDDRVEERDPPRRVPPPALSRDRERDRDREREGEKEKASWRAEKDRESLRRTKNETDEDGWTTVRR eIF-3 subunit A family RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribosomal complexes and subsequently prevents premature joining of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits prior to initiation. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, including cell cycling, differentiation and apoptosis, and uses different modes of RNA stem-loop binding to exert either translational activation or repression. (Microbial infection) Essential for the initiation of translation on type-1 viral ribosomal entry sites (IRESs), like for HCV, PV, EV71 or BEV translation. (Microbial infection) In case of FCV infection, plays a role in the ribosomal termination-reinitiation event leading to the translation of VP2. M6ATAR00240 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit C (EIF3C) eIF3c; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit 8; eIF3 p110; EIF3S8 EIF3C_HUMAN hsa:8663 HGNC:3279 . ENSG00000184110 8663 EIF3C Protein coding 16p11.2 MSRFFTTGSDSESESSLSGEELVTKPVGGNYGKQPLLLSEDEEDTKRVVRSAKDKRFEELTNLIRTIRNAMKIRDVTKCLEEFELLGKAYGKAKSIVDKEGVPRFYIRILADLEDYLNELWEDKEGKKKMNKNNAKALSTLRQKIRKYNRDFESHITSYKQNPEQSADEDAEKNEEDSEGSSDEDEDEDGVSAATFLKKKSEAPSGESRKFLKKMDDEDEDSEDSEDDEDWDTGSTSSDSDSEEEEGKQTALASRFLKKAPTTDEDKKAAEKKREDKAKKKHDRKSKRLDEEEEDNEGGEWERVRGGVPLVKEKPKMFAKGTEITHAVVIKKLNEILQARGKKGTDRAAQIELLQLLVQIAAENNLGEGVIVKIKFNIIASLYDYNPNLATYMKPEMWGKCLDCINELMDILFANPNIFVGENILEESENLHNADQPLRVRGCILTLVERMDEEFTKIMQNTDPHSQEYVEHLKDEAQVCAIIERVQRYLEEKGTTEEVCRIYLLRILHTYYKFDYKAHQRQLTPPEGSSKSEQDQAENEGEDSAVLMERLCKYIYAKDRTDRIRTCAILCHIYHHALHSRWYQARDLMLMSHLQDNIQHADPPVQILYNRTMVQLGICAFRQGLTKDAHNALLDIQSSGRAKELLGQGLLLRSLQERNQEQEKVERRRQVPFHLHINLELLECVYLVSAMLLEIPYMAAHESDARRRMISKQFHHQLRVGERQPLLGPPESMREHVVAASKAMKMGDWKTCHSFIINEKMNGKVWDLFPEADKVRTMLVRKIQEESLRTYLFTYSSVYDSISMETLSDMFELDLPTVHSIISKMIINEELMASLDQPTQTVVMHRTEPTAQQNLALQLAEKLGSLVENNERVFDHKQGTYGGYFRDQKDGYRKNEGYMRRGGYRQQQSQTAY eIF-3 subunit C family Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribosomal complexes and subsequently prevents premature joining of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits prior to initiation. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, including cell cycling, differentiation and apoptosis, and uses different modes of RNA stem-loop binding to exert either translational activation or repression. M6ATAR00288 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1 (EIF4G1) eIF-4-gamma 1; eIF-4G 1; eIF-4G1; p220; EIF4F; EIF4G; EIF4GI IF4G1_HUMAN hsa:1981 HGNC:3296 . ENSG00000114867 1981 EIF4G1 Protein coding 3q27.1 MNKAPQSTGPPPAPSPGLPQPAFPPGQTAPVVFSTPQATQMNTPSQPRQHFYPSRAQPPSSAASRVQSAAPARPGPAAHVYPAGSQVMMIPSQISYPASQGAYYIPGQGRSTYVVPTQQYPVQPGAPGFYPGASPTEFGTYAGAYYPAQGVQQFPTGVAPTPVLMNQPPQIAPKRERKTIRIRDPNQGGKDITEEIMSGARTASTPTPPQTGGGLEPQANGETPQVAVIVRPDDRSQGAIIADRPGLPGPEHSPSESQPSSPSPTPSPSPVLEPGSEPNLAVLSIPGDTMTTIQMSVEESTPISRETGEPYRLSPEPTPLAEPILEVEVTLSKPVPESEFSSSPLQAPTPLASHTVEIHEPNGMVPSEDLEPEVESSPELAPPPACPSESPVPIAPTAQPEELLNGAPSPPAVDLSPVSEPEEQAKEVTASMAPPTIPSATPATAPSATSPAQEEEMEEEEEEEEGEAGEAGEAESEKGGEELLPPESTPIPANLSQNLEAAAATQVAVSVPKRRRKIKELNKKEAVGDLLDAFKEANPAVPEVENQPPAGSNPGPESEGSGVPPRPEEADETWDSKEDKIHNAENIQPGEQKYEYKSDQWKPLNLEEKKRYDREFLLGFQFIFASMQKPEGLPHISDVVLDKANKTPLRPLDPTRLQGINCGPDFTPSFANLGRTTLSTRGPPRGGPGGELPRGPAGLGPRRSQQGPRKEPRKIIATVLMTEDIKLNKAEKAWKPSSKRTAADKDRGEEDADGSKTQDLFRRVRSILNKLTPQMFQQLMKQVTQLAIDTEERLKGVIDLIFEKAISEPNFSVAYANMCRCLMALKVPTTEKPTVTVNFRKLLLNRCQKEFEKDKDDDEVFEKKQKEMDEAATAEERGRLKEELEEARDIARRRSLGNIKFIGELFKLKMLTEAIMHDCVVKLLKNHDEESLECLCRLLTTIGKDLDFEKAKPRMDQYFNQMEKIIKEKKTSSRIRFMLQDVLDLRGSNWVPRRGDQGPKTIDQIHKEAEMEEHREHIKVQQLMAKGSDKRRGGPPGPPISRGLPLVDDGGWNTVPISKGSRPIDTSRLTKITKPGSIDSNNQLFAPGGRLSWGKGSSGGSGAKPSDAASEAARPATSTLNRFSALQQAVPTESTDNRRVVQRSSLSRERGEKAGDRGDRLERSERGGDRGDRLDRARTPATKRSFSKEVEERSRERPSQPEGLRKAASLTEDRDRGRDAVKREAALPPVSPLKAALSEEELEKKSKAIIEEYLHLNDMKEAVQCVQELASPSLLFIFVRHGVESTLERSAIAREHMGQLLHQLLCAGHLSTAQYYQGLYEILELAEDMEIDIPHVWLYLAELVTPILQEGGVPMGELFREITKPLRPLGKAASLLLEILGLLCKSMGPKKVGTLWREAGLSWKEFLPEGQDIGAFVAEQKVEYTLGEESEAPGQRALPSEELNRQLEKLLKEGSSNQRVFDWIEANLSEQQIVSNTLVRALMTAVCYSAIIFETPLRVDVAVLKARAKLLQKYLCDEQKELQALYALQALVVTLEQPPNLLRMFFDALYDEDVVKEDAFYSWESSKDPAEQQGKGVALKSVTAFFKWLREAEEESDHN eukaryotic initiation factor 4G family Component of the protein complex eIF4F, which is involved in the recognition of the mRNA cap, ATP-dependent unwinding of 5'-terminal secondary structure and recruitment of mRNA to the ribosome. As a member of the eIF4F complex, required for endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced ATF4 mRNA translation. M6ATAR00630 Extracellular sulfatase Sulf-2 (Sulf2) hSulf-2 SULF2_HUMAN hsa:55959 HGNC:20392 . ENSG00000196562 55959 Sulf2 Protein coding 20q13.12 MGPPSLVLCLLSATVFSLLGGSSAFLSHHRLKGRFQRDRRNIRPNIILVLTDDQDVELGSMQVMNKTRRIMEQGGAHFINAFVTTPMCCPSRSSILTGKYVHNHNTYTNNENCSSPSWQAQHESRTFAVYLNSTGYRTAFFGKYLNEYNGSYVPPGWKEWVGLLKNSRFYNYTLCRNGVKEKHGSDYSKDYLTDLITNDSVSFFRTSKKMYPHRPVLMVISHAAPHGPEDSAPQYSRLFPNASQHITPSYNYAPNPDKHWIMRYTGPMKPIHMEFTNMLQRKRLQTLMSVDDSMETIYNMLVETGELDNTYIVYTADHGYHIGQFGLVKGKSMPYEFDIRVPFYVRGPNVEAGCLNPHIVLNIDLAPTILDIAGLDIPADMDGKSILKLLDTERPVNRFHLKKKMRVWRDSFLVERGKLLHKRDNDKVDAQEENFLPKYQRVKDLCQRAEYQTACEQLGQKWQCVEDATGKLKLHKCKGPMRLGGSRALSNLVPKYYGQGSEACTCDSGDYKLSLAGRRKKLFKKKYKASYVRSRSIRSVAIEVDGRVYHVGLGDAAQPRNLTKRHWPGAPEDQDDKDGGDFSGTGGLPDYSAANPIKVTHRCYILENDTVQCDLDLYKSLQAWKDHKLHIDHEIETLQNKIKNLREVRGHLKKKRPEECDCHKISYHTQHKGRLKHRGSSLHPFRKGLQEKDKVWLLREQKRKKKLRKLLKRLQNNDTCSMPGLTCFTHDNQHWQTAPFWTLGPFCACTSANNNTYWCMRTINETHNFLFCEFATGFLEYFDLNTDPYQLMNAVNTLDRDVLNQLHVQLMELRSCKGYKQCNPRTRNMDLGLKDGGSYEQYRQFQRRKWPEMKRPSSKSLGQLWEGWEG Sulfatase family Exhibits arylsulfatase activity and highly specific endoglucosamine-6-sulfatase activity. It can remove sulfate from the C-6 position of glucosamine within specific subregions of intact heparin. M6ATAR00143 Family with sequence similarity 225 member A (FAM225A) FAM225A; C9orf109NCRNA00256ALINC00256A; chromosome 9 open reading frame 109; non-protein coding RNA 256A; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 256A; family with sequence similarity 225, member A (non-protein coding); family with sequence similarity 225 member A (non-protein coding); DKFZp686A0127 . . HGNC:27855 . ENSG00000231528 286333 FAM225A LncRNA 9q32 . Long non-coding RNAs with FAM root symbol . M6ATAR00262 Far upstream element-binding protein 1 (FUBP1) FBP; FUSE-binding protein 1; DNA helicase V; hDH V FUBP1_HUMAN hsa:8880 HGNC:4004 . ENSG00000162613 8880 FUBP1 Protein coding 1p31.1 MADYSTVPPPSSGSAGGGGGGGGGGGVNDAFKDALQRARQIAAKIGGDAGTSLNSNDYGYGGQKRPLEDGDQPDAKKVAPQNDSFGTQLPPMHQQQSRSVMTEEYKVPDGMVGFIIGRGGEQISRIQQESGCKIQIAPDSGGLPERSCMLTGTPESVQSAKRLLDQIVEKGRPAPGFHHGDGPGNAVQEIMIPASKAGLVIGKGGETIKQLQERAGVKMVMIQDGPQNTGADKPLRITGDPYKVQQAKEMVLELIRDQGGFREVRNEYGSRIGGNEGIDVPIPRFAVGIVIGRNGEMIKKIQNDAGVRIQFKPDDGTTPERIAQITGPPDRCQHAAEIITDLLRSVQAGNPGGPGPGGRGRGRGQGNWNMGPPGGLQEFNFIVPTGKTGLIIGKGGETIKSISQQSGARIELQRNPPPNADPNMKLFTIRGTPQQIDYARQLIEEKIGGPVNPLGPPVPHGPHGVPGPHGPPGPPGPGTPMGPYNPAPYNPGPPGPAPHGPPAPYAPQGWGNAYPHWQQQAPPDPAKAGTDPNSAAWAAYYAHYYQQQAQPPPAAPAGAPTTTQTNGQGDQQNPAPAGQVDYTKAWEEYYKKMGQAVPAPTGAPPGGQPDYSAAWAEYYRQQAAYYAQTSPQGMPQHPPAPQGQ . Regulates MYC expression by binding to a single-stranded far-upstream element (FUSE) upstream of the MYC promoter. May act both as activator and repressor of transcription. M6ATAR00261 Fascin (FSCN1) 55 kDa actin-bundling protein; Singed-like protein; p55; FAN1; HSN; SNL FSCN1_HUMAN hsa:6624 HGNC:11148 . ENSG00000075618 6624 FSCN1 Protein coding 7p22.1 MTANGTAEAVQIQFGLINCGNKYLTAEAFGFKVNASASSLKKKQIWTLEQPPDEAGSAAVCLRSHLGRYLAADKDGNVTCEREVPGPDCRFLIVAHDDGRWSLQSEAHRRYFGGTEDRLSCFAQTVSPAEKWSVHIAMHPQVNIYSVTRKRYAHLSARPADEIAVDRDVPWGVDSLITLAFQDQRYSVQTADHRFLRHDGRLVARPEPATGYTLEFRSGKVAFRDCEGRYLAPSGPSGTLKAGKATKVGKDELFALEQSCAQVVLQAANERNVSTRQGMDLSANQDEETDQETFQLEIDRDTKKCAFRTHTGKYWTLTATGGVQSTASSKNASCYFDIEWRDRRITLRASNGKFVTSKKNGQLAASVETAGDSELFLMKLINRPIIVFRGEHGFIGCRKVTGTLDANRSSYDVFQLEFNDGAYNIKDSTGKYWTVGSDSAVTSSGDTPVDFFFEFCDYNKVAIKVGGRYLKGDHAGVLKASAETVDPASLWEY fascin family Actin-binding protein that contains 2 major actin binding sites. Organizes filamentous actin into parallel bundles. Plays a role in the organization of actin filament bundles and the formation of microspikes, membrane ruffles, and stress fibers. Important for the formation of a diverse set of cell protrusions, such as filopodia, and for cell motility and migration. Mediates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and axon growth cone collapse in response to NGF. M6ATAR00250 Fatty acid synthase (FASN) Type I fatty acid synthase; FAS FAS_HUMAN hsa:2194 HGNC:3594 . ENSG00000169710 2194 FASN Protein coding 17q25.3 MEEVVIAGMSGKLPESENLQEFWDNLIGGVDMVTDDDRRWKAGLYGLPRRSGKLKDLSRFDASFFGVHPKQAHTMDPQLRLLLEVTYEAIVDGGINPDSLRGTHTGVWVGVSGSETSEALSRDPETLVGYSMVGCQRAMMANRLSFFFDFRGPSIALDTACSSSLMALQNAYQAIHSGQCPAAIVGGINVLLKPNTSVQFLRLGMLSPEGTCKAFDTAGNGYCRSEGVVAVLLTKKSLARRVYATILNAGTNTDGFKEQGVTFPSGDIQEQLIRSLYQSAGVAPESFEYIEAHGTGTKVGDPQELNGITRALCATRQEPLLIGSTKSNMGHPEPASGLAALAKVLLSLEHGLWAPNLHFHSPNPEIPALLDGRLQVVDQPLPVRGGNVGINSFGFGGSNVHIILRPNTQPPPAPAPHATLPRLLRASGRTPEAVQKLLEQGLRHSQDLAFLSMLNDIAAVPATAMPFRGYAVLGGERGGPEVQQVPAGERPLWFICSGMGTQWRGMGLSLMRLDRFRDSILRSDEAVKPFGLKVSQLLLSTDESTFDDIVHSFVSLTAIQIGLIDLLSCMGLRPDGIVGHSLGEVACGYADGCLSQEEAVLAAYWRGQCIKEAHLPPGAMAAVGLSWEECKQRCPPGVVPACHNSKDTVTISGPQAPVFEFVEQLRKEGVFAKEVRTGGMAFHSYFMEAIAPPLLQELKKVIREPKPRSARWLSTSIPEAQWHSSLARTSSAEYNVNNLVSPVLFQEALWHVPEHAVVLEIAPHALLQAVLKRGLKPSCTIIPLMKKDHRDNLEFFLAGIGRLHLSGIDANPNALFPPVEFPAPRGTPLISPLIKWDHSLAWDVPAAEDFPNGSGSPSAAIYNIDTSSESPDHYLVDHTLDGRVLFPATGYLSIVWKTLARALGLGVEQLPVVFEDVVLHQATILPKTGTVSLEVRLLEASRAFEVSENGNLVVSGKVYQWDDPDPRLFDHPESPTPNPTEPLFLAQAEVYKELRLRGYDYGPHFQGILEASLEGDSGRLLWKDNWVSFMDTMLQMSILGSAKHGLYLPTRVTAIHIDPATHRQKLYTLQDKAQVADVVVSRWLRVTVAGGVHISGLHTESAPRRQQEQQVPILEKFCFTPHTEEGCLSERAALQEELQLCKGLVQALQTKVTQQGLKMVVPGLDGAQIPRDPSQQELPRLLSAACRLQLNGNLQLELAQVLAQERPKLPEDPLLSGLLDSPALKACLDTAVENMPSLKMKVVEVLAGHGHLYSRIPGLLSPHPLLQLSYTATDRHPQALEAAQAELQQHDVAQGQWDPADPAPSALGSADLLVCNCAVAALGDPASALSNMVAALREGGFLLLHTLLRGHPLGDIVAFLTSTEPQYGQGILSQDAWESLFSRVSLRLVGLKKSFYGSTLFLCRRPTPQDSPIFLPVDDTSFRWVESLKGILADEDSSRPVWLKAINCATSGVVGLVNCLRREPGGNRLRCVLLSNLSSTSHVPEVDPGSAELQKVLQGDLVMNVYRDGAWGAFRHFLLEEDKPEEPTAHAFVSTLTRGDLSSIRWVCSSLRHAQPTCPGAQLCTVYYASLNFRDIMLATGKLSPDAIPGKWTSQDSLLGMEFSGRDASGKRVMGLVPAKGLATSVLLSPDFLWDVPSNWTLEEAASVPVVYSTAYYALVVRGRVRPGETLLIHSGSGGVGQAAIAIALSLGCRVFTTVGSAEKRAYLQARFPQLDSTSFANSRDTSFEQHVLWHTGGKGVDLVLNSLAEEKLQASVRCLATHGRFLEIGKFDLSQNHPLGMAIFLKNVTFHGVLLDAFFNESSADWREVWALVQAGIRDGVVRPLKCTVFHGAQVEDAFRYMAQGKHIGKVVVQVLAEEPEAVLKGAKPKLMSAISKTFCPAHKSYIIAGGLGGFGLELAQWLIQRGVQKLVLTSRSGIRTGYQAKQVRRWRRQGVQVQVSTSNISSLEGARGLIAEAAQLGPVGGVFNLAVVLRDGLLENQTPEFFQDVCKPKYSGTLNLDRVTREACPELDYFVVFSSVSCGRGNAGQSNYGFANSAMERICEKRRHEGLPGLAVQWGAIGDVGILVETMSTNDTIVSGTLPQRMASCLEVLDLFLNQPHMVLSSFVLAEKAAAYRDRDSQRDLVEAVAHILGIRDLAAVNLDSSLADLGLDSLMSVEVRQTLERELNLVLSVREVRQLTLRKLQELSSKADEASELACPTPKEDGLAQQQTQLNLRSLLVNPEGPTLMRLNSVQSSERPLFLVHPIEGSTTVFHSLASRLSIPTYGLQCTRAAPLDSIHSLAAYYIDCIRQVQPEGPYRVAGYSYGACVAFEMCSQLQAQQSPAPTHNSLFLFDGSPTYVLAYTQSYRAKLTPGCEAEAETEAICFFVQQFTDMEHNRVLEALLPLKGLEERVAAAVDLIIKSHQGLDRQELSFAARSFYYKLRAAEQYTPKAKYHGNVMLLRAKTGGAYGEDLGADYNLSQVCDGKVSVHVIEGDHRTLLEGSGLESIISIIHSSLAEPRVSVREG . Fatty acid synthetase is a multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the de novo biosynthesis of long-chain saturated fatty acids starting from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA in the presence of NADPH. This multifunctional protein contains 7 catalytic activities and a site for the binding of the prosthetic group 4'-phosphopantetheine of the acyl carrier protein ([ACP]) domain. (Microbial infection) Fatty acid synthetase activity is required for SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 replication. M6ATAR00583 F-box/LRR-repeat protein 5 (FBXL5) F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 5; F-box protein FBL4/FBL5; p45SKP2-like protein FBXL5_HUMAN hsa:26234 HGNC:13602 . ENSG00000118564 26234 FBXL5 Protein coding 4p15.32 MAPFPEEVDVFTAPHWRMKQLVGLYCDKLSKTNFSNNNDFRALLQSLYATFKEFKMHEQIENEYIIGLLQQRSQTIYNVHSDNKLSEMLSLFEKGLKNVKNEYEQLNYAKQLKERLEAFTRDFLPHMKEEEEVFQPMLMEYFTYEELKDIKKKVIAQHCSQKDTAELLRGLSLWNHAEERQKFFKYSVDEKSDKEAEVSEHSTGITHLPPEVMLSIFSYLNPQELCRCSQVSMKWSQLTKTGSLWKHLYPVHWARGDWYSGPATELDTEPDDEWVKNRKDESRAFHEWDEDADIDESEESAEESIAISIAQMEKRLLHGLIHNVLPYVGTSVKTLVLAYSSAVSSKMVRQILELCPNLEHLDLTQTDISDSAFDSWSWLGCCQSLRHLDLSGCEKITDVALEKISRALGILTSHQSGFLKTSTSKITSTAWKNKDITMQSTKQYACLHDLTNKGIGEEIDNEHPWTKPVSSENFTSPYVWMLDAEDLADIEDTVEWRHRNVESLCVMETASNFSCSTSGCFSKDIVGLRTSVCWQQHCASPAFAYCGHSFCCTGTALRTMSSLPESSAMCRKAARTRLPRGKDLIYFGSEKSDQETGRVLLFLSLSGCYQITDHGLRVLTLGGGLPYLEHLNLSGCLTITGAGLQDLVSACPSLNDEYFYYCDNINGPHADTASGCQNLQCGFRACCRSGE . Component of some SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex that plays a central role in iron homeostasis by promoting the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of IREB2/IRP2. Upon high iron and oxygen level, it specifically recognizes and binds IREB2/IRP2, promoting its ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. Promotes ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of DCTN1/p150-glued. M6ATAR00251 F-box/SPRY domain-containing protein 1 (FBXO45) F-box only protein 45; hFbxo45; FBX45 FBSP1_HUMAN hsa:200933 HGNC:29148 . ENSG00000174013 200933 FBXO45 Protein coding 3q29 MAAPAPGAGAASGGAGCSGGGAGAGAGSGSGAAGAGGRLPSRVLELVFSYLELSELRSCALVCKHWYRCLHGDENSEVWRSLCARSLAEEALRTDILCNLPSYKAKIRAFQHAFSTNDCSRNVYIKKNGFTLHRNPIAQSTDGARTKIGFSEGRHAWEVWWEGPLGTVAVIGIATKRAPMQCQGYVALLGSDDQSWGWNLVDNNLLHNGEVNGSFPQCNNAPKYQIGERIRVILDMEDKTLAFERGYEFLGVAFRGLPKVCLYPAVSAVYGNTEVTLVYLGKPLDG FBXO45/Fsn family Component of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes. Required for normal neuromuscular synaptogenesis, axon pathfinding and neuronal migration (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of neurotransmission at mature neurons (By similarity). May control synaptic activity by controlling UNC13A via ubiquitin dependent pathway (By similarity). Specifically recognizes TP73, promoting its ubiquitination and degradation. M6ATAR00252 F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 (FBXW7) Archipelago homolog; hAgo; F-box and WD-40 domain-containing protein 7; F-box protein FBX30; SEL-10; hCdc4; FBW7; FBX30; SEL10 FBXW7_HUMAN hsa:55294 HGNC:16712 . ENSG00000109670 55294 FBXW7 Protein coding 4q31.3 MNQELLSVGSKRRRTGGSLRGNPSSSQVDEEQMNRVVEEEQQQQLRQQEEEHTARNGEVVGVEPRPGGQNDSQQGQLEENNNRFISVDEDSSGNQEEQEEDEEHAGEQDEEDEEEEEMDQESDDFDQSDDSSREDEHTHTNSVTNSSSIVDLPVHQLSSPFYTKTTKMKRKLDHGSEVRSFSLGKKPCKVSEYTSTTGLVPCSATPTTFGDLRAANGQGQQRRRITSVQPPTGLQEWLKMFQSWSGPEKLLALDELIDSCEPTQVKHMMQVIEPQFQRDFISLLPKELALYVLSFLEPKDLLQAAQTCRYWRILAEDNLLWREKCKEEGIDEPLHIKRRKVIKPGFIHSPWKSAYIRQHRIDTNWRRGELKSPKVLKGHDDHVITCLQFCGNRIVSGSDDNTLKVWSAVTGKCLRTLVGHTGGVWSSQMRDNIIISGSTDRTLKVWNAETGECIHTLYGHTSTVRCMHLHEKRVVSGSRDATLRVWDIETGQCLHVLMGHVAAVRCVQYDGRRVVSGAYDFMVKVWDPETETCLHTLQGHTNRVYSLQFDGIHVVSGSLDTSIRVWDVETGNCIHTLTGHQSLTSGMELKDNILVSGNADSTVKIWDIKTGQCLQTLQGPNKHQSAVTCLQFNKNFVITSSDDGTVKLWDLKTGEFIRNLVTLESGGSGGVVWRIRASNTKLVCAVGSRNGTEETKLLVLDFDVDMK . Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Recognizes and binds phosphorylated sites/phosphodegrons within target proteins and thereafter bring them to the SCF complex for ubiquitination. Identified substrates include cyclin-E (CCNE1 or CCNE2), DISC1, JUN, MYC, NOTCH1 released notch intracellular domain (NICD), NFE2L1, NOTCH2, MCL1, and probably PSEN1. Acts as a negative regulator of JNK signaling by binding to phosphorylated JUN and promoting its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Involved in bone homeostasis and negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation. Regulates the amplitude of the cyclic expression of hepatic core clock genes and genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism via ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of their transcriptional repressor NR1D1; CDK1-dependent phosphorylation of NR1D1 is necessary for SCF(FBXW7)-mediated ubiquitination. Also able to promote 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination in response to DNA damage. The SCF(FBXW7) complex facilitates double-strand break repair following phosphorylation by ATM: phosphorylation promotes localization to sites of double-strand breaks and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of phosphorylated XRCC4, enhancing DNA non-homologous end joining. M6ATAR00103 FEZF1 antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1) FEZF1-AS1; FEZF1 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:41001 . ENSG00000230316 154860 FEZF1-AS1 LncRNA 7q31.32 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00468 Fibrinogen alpha chain (FGA) . FIBA_HUMAN hsa:2243 HGNC:3661 . ENSG00000171560 9575 FGA Protein coding . MFSMRIVCLVLSVVGTAWTADSGEGDFLAEGGGVRGPRVVERHQSACKDSDWPFCSDEDWNYKCPSGCRMKGLIDEVNQDFTNRINKLKNSLFEYQKNNKDSHSLTTNIMEILRGDFSSANNRDNTYNRVSEDLRSRIEVLKRKVIEKVQHIQLLQKNVRAQLVDMKRLEVDIDIKIRSCRGSCSRALAREVDLKDYEDQQKQLEQVIAKDLLPSRDRQHLPLIKMKPVPDLVPGNFKSQLQKVPPEWKALTDMPQMRMELERPGGNEITRGGSTSYGTGSETESPRNPSSAGSWNSGSSGPGSTGNRNPGSSGTGGTATWKPGSSGPGSTGSWNSGSSGTGSTGNQNPGSPRPGSTGTWNPGSSERGSAGHWTSESSVSGSTGQWHSESGSFRPDSPGSGNARPNNPDWGTFEEVSGNVSPGTRREYHTEKLVTSKGDKELRTGKEKVTSGSTTTTRRSCSKTVTKTVIGPDGHKEVTKEVVTSEDGSDCPEAMDLGTLSGIGTLDGFRHRHPDEAAFFDTASTGKTFPGFFSPMLGEFVSETESRGSESGIFTNTKESSSHHPGIAEFPSRGKSSSYSKQFTSSTSYNRGDSTFESKSYKMADEAGSEADHEGTHSTKRGHAKSRPVRDCDDVLQTHPSGTQSGIFNIKLPGSSKIFSVYCDQETSLGGWLLIQQRMDGSLNFNRTWQDYKRGFGSLNDEGEGEFWLGNDYLHLLTQRGSVLRVELEDWAGNEAYAEYHFRVGSEAEGYALQVSSYEGTAGDALIEGSVEEGAEYTSHNNMQFSTFDRDADQWEENCAEVYGGGWWYNNCQAANLNGIYYPGGSYDPRNNSPYEIENGVVWVSFRGADYSLRAVRMKIRPLVTQ . Cleaved by the protease thrombin to yield monomers which, together with fibrinogen beta (FGB) and fibrinogen gamma (FGG), polymerize to form an insoluble fibrin matrix. Fibrin has a major function in hemostasis as one of the primary components of blood clots. In addition, functions during the early stages of wound repair to stabilize the lesion and guide cell migration during re-epithelialization. Was originally thought to be essential for platelet aggregation, based on in vitro studies using anticoagulated blood. However, subsequent studies have shown that it is not absolutely required for thrombus formation in vivo. Enhances expression of SELP in activated platelets via an ITGB3-dependent pathway. Maternal fibrinogen is essential for successful pregnancy. Fibrin deposition is also associated with infection, where it protects against IFNG-mediated hemorrhage. May also facilitate the immune response via both innate and T-cell mediated pathways. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:E9PV24}. M6ATAR00526 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) FGFR-4; CD334 FGFR4_HUMAN hsa:2264 HGNC:3691 . ENSG00000160867 2264 FGFR4 Protein coding 5q35.2 MRLLLALLGVLLSVPGPPVLSLEASEEVELEPCLAPSLEQQEQELTVALGQPVRLCCGRAERGGHWYKEGSRLAPAGRVRGWRGRLEIASFLPEDAGRYLCLARGSMIVLQNLTLITGDSLTSSNDDEDPKSHRDPSNRHSYPQQAPYWTHPQRMEKKLHAVPAGNTVKFRCPAAGNPTPTIRWLKDGQAFHGENRIGGIRLRHQHWSLVMESVVPSDRGTYTCLVENAVGSIRYNYLLDVLERSPHRPILQAGLPANTTAVVGSDVELLCKVYSDAQPHIQWLKHIVINGSSFGADGFPYVQVLKTADINSSEVEVLYLRNVSAEDAGEYTCLAGNSIGLSYQSAWLTVLPEEDPTWTAAAPEARYTDIILYASGSLALAVLLLLAGLYRGQALHGRHPRPPATVQKLSRFPLARQFSLESGSSGKSSSSLVRGVRLSSSGPALLAGLVSLDLPLDPLWEFPRDRLVLGKPLGEGCFGQVVRAEAFGMDPARPDQASTVAVKMLKDNASDKDLADLVSEMEVMKLIGRHKNIINLLGVCTQEGPLYVIVECAAKGNLREFLRARRPPGPDLSPDGPRSSEGPLSFPVLVSCAYQVARGMQYLESRKCIHRDLAARNVLVTEDNVMKIADFGLARGVHHIDYYKKTSNGRLPVKWMAPEALFDRVYTHQSDVWSFGILLWEIFTLGGSPYPGIPVEELFSLLREGHRMDRPPHCPPELYGLMRECWHAAPSQRPTFKQLVEALDKVLLAVSEEYLDLRLTFGPYSPSGGDASSTCSSSDSVFSHDPLPLGSSSFPFGSGVQT Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Fibroblast growth factor receptor subfamily Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, and in regulation of lipid metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis, glucose uptake, vitamin D metabolism and phosphate homeostasis. Required for normal down-regulation of the expression of CYP7A1, the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis, in response to FGF19. Phosphorylates PLCG1 and FRS2. Ligand binding leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Phosphorylation of FRS2 triggers recruitment of GRB2, GAB1, PIK3R1 and SOS1, and mediates activation of RAS, MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, as well as of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Promotes SRC-dependent phosphorylation of the matrix protease MMP14 and its lysosomal degradation. FGFR4 signaling is down-regulated by receptor internalization and degradation; MMP14 promotes internalization and degradation of FGFR4. Mutations that lead to constitutive kinase activation or impair normal FGFR4 inactivation lead to aberrant signaling. M6ATAR00649 Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) FEN-1; DNase IV; Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1; Maturation factor 1; MF1; hFEN-1 FEN1_HUMAN hsa:2237 HGNC:3650 . ENSG00000168496 2237 FEN1 Protein coding 11q12.2 MGIQGLAKLIADVAPSAIRENDIKSYFGRKVAIDASMSIYQFLIAVRQGGDVLQNEEGETTSHLMGMFYRTIRMMENGIKPVYVFDGKPPQLKSGELAKRSERRAEAEKQLQQAQAAGAEQEVEKFTKRLVKVTKQHNDECKHLLSLMGIPYLDAPSEAEASCAALVKAGKVYAAATEDMDCLTFGSPVLMRHLTASEAKKLPIQEFHLSRILQELGLNQEQFVDLCILLGSDYCESIRGIGPKRAVDLIQKHKSIEEIVRRLDPNKYPVPENWLHKEAHQLFLEPEVLDPESVELKWSEPNEEELIKFMCGEKQFSEERIRSGVKRLSKSRQGSTQGRLDDFFKVTGSLSSAKRKEPEPKGSTKKKAKTGAAGKFKRGK XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family, FEN1 subfamily Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site-terminated flap. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA, and exhibits RNase H activity. Also involved in replication and repair of rDNA and in repairing mitochondrial DNA. M6ATAR00254 Flotillin-2 (FLOT2) Epidermal surface antigen; ESA; Membrane component chromosome 17 surface marker 1; ESA1; M17S1 FLOT2_HUMAN hsa:2319 HGNC:3758 . ENSG00000132589 2319 FLOT2 Protein coding 17q11.2 MGNCHTVGPNEALVVSGGCCGSDYKQYVFGGWAWAWWCISDTQRISLEIMTLQPRCEDVETAEGVALTVTGVAQVKIMTEKELLAVACEQFLGKNVQDIKNVVLQTLEGHLRSILGTLTVEQIYQDRDQFAKLVREVAAPDVGRMGIEILSFTIKDVYDKVDYLSSLGKTQTAVVQRDADIGVAEAERDAGIREAECKKEMLDVKFMADTKIADSKRAFELQKSAFSEEVNIKTAEAQLAYELQGAREQQKIRQEEIEIEVVQRKKQIAVEAQEILRTDKELIATVRRPAEAEAHRIQQIAEGEKVKQVLLAQAEAEKIRKIGEAEAAVIEAMGKAEAERMKLKAEAYQKYGDAAKMALVLEALPQIAAKIAAPLTKVDEIVVLSGDNSKVTSEVNRLLAELPASVHALTGVDLSKIPLIKKATGVQV band 7/mec-2 family; Flotillin subfamily May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes, functionally participating in formation of caveolae or caveolae-like vesicles. May be involved in epidermal cell adhesion and epidermal structure and function. M6ATAR00554 Focal adhesion kinase 1 (Fak) FADK 1; Focal adhesion kinase-related nonkinase; FRNK; Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 71; PPP1R71; Protein-tyrosine kinase 2; p125FAK; pp125FAK FAK1_HUMAN hsa:5747 HGNC:9611 . ENSG00000169398 5747 Fak Protein coding 8q24.3 MAAAYLDPNLNHTPNSSTKTHLGTGMERSPGAMERVLKVFHYFESNSEPTTWASIIRHGDATDVRGIIQKIVDSHKVKHVACYGFRLSHLRSEEVHWLHVDMGVSSVREKYELAHPPEEWKYELRIRYLPKGFLNQFTEDKPTLNFFYQQVKSDYMLEIADQVDQEIALKLGCLEIRRSYWEMRGNALEKKSNYEVLEKDVGLKRFFPKSLLDSVKAKTLRKLIQQTFRQFANLNREESILKFFEILSPVYRFDKECFKCALGSSWIISVELAIGPEEGISYLTDKGCNPTHLADFTQVQTIQYSNSEDKDRKGMLQLKIAGAPEPLTVTAPSLTIAENMADLIDGYCRLVNGTSQSFIIRPQKEGERALPSIPKLANSEKQGMRTHAVSVSETDDYAEIIDEEDTYTMPSTRDYEIQRERIELGRCIGEGQFGDVHQGIYMSPENPALAVAIKTCKNCTSDSVREKFLQEALTMRQFDHPHIVKLIGVITENPVWIIMELCTLGELRSFLQVRKYSLDLASLILYAYQLSTALAYLESKRFVHRDIAARNVLVSSNDCVKLGDFGLSRYMEDSTYYKASKGKLPIKWMAPESINFRRFTSASDVWMFGVCMWEILMHGVKPFQGVKNNDVIGRIENGERLPMPPNCPPTLYSLMTKCWAYDPSRRPRFTELKAQLSTILEEEKAQQEERMRMESRRQATVSWDSGGSDEAPPKPSRPGYPSPRSSEGFYPSPQHMVQTNHYQVSGYPGSHGITAMAGSIYPGQASLLDQTDSWNHRPQEIAMWQPNVEDSTVLDLRGIGQVLPTHLMEERLIRQQQEMEEDQRWLEKEERFLKPDVRLSRGSIDREDGSLQGPIGNQHIYQPVGKPDPAAPPKKPPRPGAPGHLGSLASLSSPADSYNEGVKLQPQEISPPPTANLDRSNDKVYENVTGLVKAVIEMSSKIQPAPPEEYVPMVKEVGLALRTLLATVDETIPLLPASTHREIEMAQKLLNSDLGELINKMKLAQQYVMTSLQQEYKKQMLTAAHALAVDAKNLLDVIDQARLKMLGQTRPH Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, FAK subfamily Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating cell migration, adhesion, spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation and disassembly of focal adhesions and cell protrusions, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Required for early embryonic development and placenta development. Required for embryonic angiogenesis, normal cardiomyocyte migration and proliferation, and normal heart development. Regulates axon growth and neuronal cell migration, axon branching and synapse formation; required for normal development of the nervous system. Plays a role in osteogenesis and differentiation of osteoblasts. Functions in integrin signal transduction, but also in signaling downstream of numerous growth factor receptors, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), EPHA2, netrin receptors and LDL receptors. Forms multisubunit signaling complexes with SRC and SRC family members upon activation; this leads to the phosphorylation of additional tyrosine residues, creating binding sites for scaffold proteins, effectors and substrates. Regulates numerous signaling pathways. Promotes activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the AKT1 signaling cascade. Promotes activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling cascade. Promotes localized and transient activation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and thereby modulates the activity of Rho family GTPases. Signaling via CAS family members mediates activation of RAC1. Recruits the ubiquitin ligase MDM2 to P53/TP53 in the nucleus, and thereby regulates P53/TP53 activity, P53/TP53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylates SRC; this increases SRC kinase activity. Phosphorylates ACTN1, ARHGEF7, GRB7, RET and WASL. Promotes phosphorylation of PXN and STAT1; most likely PXN and STAT1 are phosphorylated by a SRC family kinase that is recruited to autophosphorylated PTK2/FAK1, rather than by PTK2/FAK1 itself. Promotes phosphorylation of BCAR1; GIT2 and SHC1; this requires both SRC and PTK2/FAK1. Promotes phosphorylation of BMX and PIK3R1. Isoform 6 (FRNK) does not contain a kinase domain and inhibits PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation and signaling. Its enhanced expression can attenuate the nuclear accumulation of LPXN and limit its ability to enhance serum response factor (SRF)-dependent gene transcription; [Isoform 6]: Isoform 6 (FRNK) does not contain a kinase domain and inhibits PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation and signaling. Its enhanced expression can attenuate the nuclear accumulation of LPXN and limit its ability to enhance serum response factor (SRF)-dependent gene transcription. M6ATAR00256 Forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2) Forkhead-related protein FKHL14; Mesenchyme fork head protein 1; MFH-1 protein; Transcription factor FKH-14; FKHL14; MFH1 FOXC2_HUMAN hsa:2303 HGNC:3801 . ENSG00000176692 2303 FOXC2 Protein coding 16q24.1 MQARYSVSDPNALGVVPYLSEQNYYRAAGSYGGMASPMGVYSGHPEQYSAGMGRSYAPYHHHQPAAPKDLVKPPYSYIALITMAIQNAPEKKITLNGIYQFIMDRFPFYRENKQGWQNSIRHNLSLNECFVKVPRDDKKPGKGSYWTLDPDSYNMFENGSFLRRRRRFKKKDVSKEKEERAHLKEPPPAASKGAPATPHLADAPKEAEKKVVIKSEAASPALPVITKVETLSPESALQGSPRSAASTPAGSPDGSLPEHHAAAPNGLPGFSVENIMTLRTSPPGGELSPGAGRAGLVVPPLALPYAAAPPAAYGQPCAQGLEAGAAGGYQCSMRAMSLYTGAERPAHMCVPPALDEALSDHPSGPTSPLSALNLAAGQEGALAATGHHHQHHGHHHPQAPPPPPAPQPQPTPQPGAAAAQAASWYLNHSGDLNHLPGHTFAAQQQTFPNVREMFNSHRLGIENSTLGESQVSGNASCQLPYRSTPPLYRHAAPYSYDCTKY . Transcriptional activator. Might be involved in the formation of special mesenchymal tissues. M6ATAR00257 Forkhead box protein D1 (FOXD1) Forkhead-related protein FKHL8; Forkhead-related transcription factor 4; FREAC-4; FKHL8; FREAC4 FOXD1_HUMAN hsa:2297 HGNC:3802 . ENSG00000251493 2297 FOXD1 Protein coding 5q13.2 MTLSTEMSDASGLAEETDIDVVGEGEDEEDEEEEDDDEGGGGGPRLAVPAQRRRRRRSYAGEDELEDLEEEEDDDDILLAPPAGGSPAPPGPAPAAGAGAGGGGGGGGAGGGGSAGSGAKNPLVKPPYSYIALITMAILQSPKKRLTLSEICEFISGRFPYYREKFPAWQNSIRHNLSLNDCFVKIPREPGNPGKGNYWTLDPESADMFDNGSFLRRRKRFKRQPLLPPNAAAAESLLLRGAGAAGGAGDPAAAAALFPPAPPPPPHAYGYGPYGCGYGLQLPPYAPPSALFAAAAAAAAAAAFHPHSPPPPPPPHGAAAELARTAFGYRPHPLGAALPGPLPASAAKAGGPGASALARSPFSIESIIGGSLGPAAAAAAAAQAAAAAQASPSPSPVAAPPAPGSSGGGCAAQAAVGPAAALTRSLVAAAAAAASSVSSSAALGTLHQGTALSSVENFTARISNC . Transcription factor involved in regulation of gene expression in a variety of processes, including formation of positional identity in the developing retina, regionalization of the optic chiasm, morphogenesis of the kidney, and neuralization of ectodermal cells (By similarity). Involved in transcriptional activation of PGF and C3 genes. M6ATAR00258 Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) Forkhead-related protein FKHL16; Hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 forkhead homolog 11; HFH-11; HNF-3/fork-head homolog 11; M-phase phosphoprotein 2; MPM-2 reactive phosphoprotein 2; Transcription factor Trident; Winged-helix factor from INS-1 cells; FKHL16; HFH11; MPP2; WIN FOXM1_HUMAN hsa:2305 HGNC:3818 . ENSG00000111206 2305 FOXM1 Protein coding 12p13.33 MKTSPRRPLILKRRRLPLPVQNAPSETSEEEPKRSPAQQESNQAEASKEVAESNSCKFPAGIKIINHPTMPNTQVVAIPNNANIHSIITALTAKGKESGSSGPNKFILISCGGAPTQPPGLRPQTQTSYDAKRTEVTLETLGPKPAARDVNLPRPPGALCEQKRETCADGEAAGCTINNSLSNIQWLRKMSSDGLGSRSIKQEMEEKENCHLEQRQVKVEEPSRPSASWQNSVSERPPYSYMAMIQFAINSTERKRMTLKDIYTWIEDHFPYFKHIAKPGWKNSIRHNLSLHDMFVRETSANGKVSFWTIHPSANRYLTLDQVFKPLDPGSPQLPEHLESQQKRPNPELRRNMTIKTELPLGARRKMKPLLPRVSSYLVPIQFPVNQSLVLQPSVKVPLPLAASLMSSELARHSKRVRIAPKVLLAEEGIAPLSSAGPGKEEKLLFGEGFSPLLPVQTIKEEEIQPGEEMPHLARPIKVESPPLEEWPSPAPSFKEESSHSWEDSSQSPTPRPKKSYSGLRSPTRCVSEMLVIQHRERRERSRSRRKQHLLPPCVDEPELLFSEGPSTSRWAAELPFPADSSDPASQLSYSQEVGGPFKTPIKETLPISSTPSKSVLPRTPESWRLTPPAKVGGLDFSPVQTSQGASDPLPDPLGLMDLSTTPLQSAPPLESPQRLLSSEPLDLISVPFGNSSPSDIDVPKPGSPEPQVSGLAANRSLTEGLVLDTMNDSLSKILLDISFPGLDEDPLGPDNINWSQFIPELQ . Transcription factor regulating the expression of cell cycle genes essential for DNA replication and mitosis. Plays a role in the control of cell proliferation. Also plays a role in DNA break repair, participating in the DNA damage checkpoint response. Promotes transcription of PHB2. M6ATAR00259 Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) Forkhead box protein O1A; Forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma; FKHR; FOXO1A FOXO1_HUMAN hsa:2308 HGNC:3819 . ENSG00000150907 2308 FOXO1 Protein coding 13q14.11 MAEAPQVVEIDPDFEPLPRPRSCTWPLPRPEFSQSNSATSSPAPSGSAAANPDAAAGLPSASAAAVSADFMSNLSLLEESEDFPQAPGSVAAAVAAAAAAAATGGLCGDFQGPEAGCLHPAPPQPPPPGPLSQHPPVPPAAAGPLAGQPRKSSSSRRNAWGNLSYADLITKAIESSAEKRLTLSQIYEWMVKSVPYFKDKGDSNSSAGWKNSIRHNLSLHSKFIRVQNEGTGKSSWWMLNPEGGKSGKSPRRRAASMDNNSKFAKSRSRAAKKKASLQSGQEGAGDSPGSQFSKWPASPGSHSNDDFDNWSTFRPRTSSNASTISGRLSPIMTEQDDLGEGDVHSMVYPPSAAKMASTLPSLSEISNPENMENLLDNLNLLSSPTSLTVSTQSSPGTMMQQTPCYSFAPPNTSLNSPSPNYQKYTYGQSSMSPLPQMPIQTLQDNKSSYGGMSQYNCAPGLLKELLTSDSPPHNDIMTPVDPGVAQPNSRVLGQNVMMGPNSVMSTYGSQASHNKMMNPSSHTHPGHAQQTSAVNGRPLPHTVSTMPHTSGMNRLTQVKTPVQVPLPHPMQMSALGGYSSVSSCNGYGRMGLLHQEKLPSDLDGMFIERLDCDMESIIRNDLMDGDTLDFNFDNVLPNQSFPHSVKTTTHSWVSG . Transcription factor that is the main target of insulin signaling and regulates metabolic homeostasis in response to oxidative stress. Binds to the insulin response element (IRE) with consensus sequence 5'-TT[G/A]TTTTG-3' and the related Daf-16 family binding element (DBE) with consensus sequence 5'-TT[G/A]TTTAC-3' . Activity suppressed by insulin. Main regulator of redox balance and osteoblast numbers and controls bone mass (By similarity). Orchestrates the endocrine function of the skeleton in regulating glucose metabolism (By similarity). Also acts as a key regulator of chondrogenic commitment of skeletal progenitor cells in response to lipid availability: when lipids levels are low, translocates to the nucleus and promotes expression of SOX9, which induces chondrogenic commitment and suppresses fatty acid oxidation (By similarity). Acts synergistically with ATF4 to suppress osteocalcin/BGLAP activity, increasing glucose levels and triggering glucose intolerance and insulin insensitivity (By similarity). Also suppresses the transcriptional activity of RUNX2, an upstream activator of osteocalcin/BGLAP (By similarity). In hepatocytes, promotes gluconeogenesis by acting together with PPARGC1A and CEBPA to activate the expression of genes such as IGFBP1, G6PC1 and PCK1 (By similarity). Important regulator of cell death acting downstream of CDK1, PKB/AKT1 and STK4/MST1. Promotes neural cell death. Mediates insulin action on adipose tissue (By similarity). Regulates the expression of adipogenic genes such as PPARG during preadipocyte differentiation and, adipocyte size and adipose tissue-specific gene expression in response to excessive calorie intake (By similarity). Regulates the transcriptional activity of GADD45A and repair of nitric oxide-damaged DNA in beta-cells (By similarity). Required for the autophagic cell death induction in response to starvation or oxidative stress in a transcription-independent manner. Mediates the function of MLIP in cardiomyocytes hypertrophy and cardiac remodeling (By similarity). Regulates endothelial cell (EC) viability and apoptosis in a PPIA/CYPA-dependent manner via transcription of CCL2 and BCL2L11 which are involved in EC chemotaxis and apoptosis. M6ATAR00260 Forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3) AF6q21 protein; Forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma-like 1; FKHRL1; FOXO3A FOXO3_HUMAN hsa:2309 HGNC:3821 . ENSG00000118689 2309 FOXO3 Protein coding 6q21 MAEAPASPAPLSPLEVELDPEFEPQSRPRSCTWPLQRPELQASPAKPSGETAADSMIPEEEDDEDDEDGGGRAGSAMAIGGGGGSGTLGSGLLLEDSARVLAPGGQDPGSGPATAAGGLSGGTQALLQPQQPLPPPQPGAAGGSGQPRKCSSRRNAWGNLSYADLITRAIESSPDKRLTLSQIYEWMVRCVPYFKDKGDSNSSAGWKNSIRHNLSLHSRFMRVQNEGTGKSSWWIINPDGGKSGKAPRRRAVSMDNSNKYTKSRGRAAKKKAALQTAPESADDSPSQLSKWPGSPTSRSSDELDAWTDFRSRTNSNASTVSGRLSPIMASTELDEVQDDDAPLSPMLYSSSASLSPSVSKPCTVELPRLTDMAGTMNLNDGLTENLMDDLLDNITLPPSQPSPTGGLMQRSSSFPYTTKGSGLGSPTSSFNSTVFGPSSLNSLRQSPMQTIQENKPATFSSMSHYGNQTLQDLLTSDSLSHSDVMMTQSDPLMSQASTAVSAQNSRRNVMLRNDPMMSFAAQPNQGSLVNQNLLHHQHQTQGALGGSRALSNSVSNMGLSESSSLGSAKHQQQSPVSQSMQTLSDSLSGSSLYSTSANLPVMGHEKFPSDLDLDMFNGSLECDMESIIRSELMDADGLDFNFDSLISTQNVVGLNVGNFTGAKQASSQSWVPG . Transcriptional activator that recognizes and binds to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]TAAA[TC]A-3' and regulates different processes, such as apoptosis and autophagy. Acts as a positive regulator of autophagy in skeletal muscle: in starved cells, enters the nucleus following dephosphorylation and binds the promoters of autophagy genes, such as GABARAP1L, MAP1LC3B and ATG12, thereby activating their expression, resulting in proteolysis of skeletal muscle proteins (By similarity). Triggers apoptosis in the absence of survival factors, including neuronal cell death upon oxidative stress. Participates in post-transcriptional regulation of MYC: following phosphorylation by MAPKAPK5, promotes induction of miR-34b and miR-34c expression, 2 post-transcriptional regulators of MYC that bind to the 3'UTR of MYC transcript and prevent its translation. In response to metabolic stress, translocates into the mitochondria where it promotes mtDNA transcription. In response to metabolic stress, translocates into the mitochondria where it promotes mtDNA transcription. Also acts as a key regulator of chondrogenic commitment of skeletal progenitor cells in response to lipid availability: when lipids levels are low, translocates to the nucleus and promotes expression of SOX9, which induces chondrogenic commitment and suppresses fatty acid oxidation (By similarity). Also acts as a key regulator of regulatory T-cells (Treg) differentiation by activating expression of FOXP3. M6ATAR00094 FOXD2 adjacent opposite strand RNA 1 (FOXD2-AS1) FOXD2-AS1; FOXD2 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding); FOXD2 antisense RNA 1; FOXD2 antisense RNA 1 (head to head); MGC12982 . . HGNC:44256 . ENSG00000237424 84793 FOXD2-AS1 LncRNA 1p33 . . . M6ATAR00096 FOXF1 adjacent non-coding developmental regulatory RNA (FENDRR) FENDRR; FOXF1-AS1; FOXF1 antisense RNA 1 (head to head); lincFOXF1; onco-lncRNA-21 . . HGNC:43894 . ENSG00000268388 400550 FENDRR LncRNA 16q24.1 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00642 Frizzled-10 (FZD10) Fz-10; hFz10; FzE7; CD350 FZD10_HUMAN hsa:11211 HGNC:4039 . ENSG00000111432 11211 FZD10 Protein coding 12q24.33 MQRPGPRLWLVLQVMGSCAAISSMDMERPGDGKCQPIEIPMCKDIGYNMTRMPNLMGHENQREAAIQLHEFAPLVEYGCHGHLRFFLCSLYAPMCTEQVSTPIPACRVMCEQARLKCSPIMEQFNFKWPDSLDCRKLPNKNDPNYLCMEAPNNGSDEPTRGSGLFPPLFRPQRPHSAQEHPLKDGGPGRGGCDNPGKFHHVEKSASCAPLCTPGVDVYWSREDKRFAVVWLAIWAVLCFFSSAFTVLTFLIDPARFRYPERPIIFLSMCYCVYSVGYLIRLFAGAESIACDRDSGQLYVIQEGLESTGCTLVFLVLYYFGMASSLWWVVLTLTWFLAAGKKWGHEAIEANSSYFHLAAWAIPAVKTILILVMRRVAGDELTGVCYVGSMDVNALTGFVLIPLACYLVIGTSFILSGFVALFHIRRVMKTGGENTDKLEKLMVRIGLFSVLYTVPATCVIACYFYERLNMDYWKILAAQHKCKMNNQTKTLDCLMAASIPAVEIFMVKIFMLLVVGITSGMWIWTSKTLQSWQQVCSRRLKKKSRRKPASVITSGGIYKKAQHPQKTHHGKYEIPAQSPTCV G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family Receptor for Wnt proteins. Functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway (By similarity). The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to involve interactions with G-proteins. May be involved in transduction and intercellular transmission of polarity information during tissue morphogenesis and/or in differentiated tissues (Probable). M6ATAR00718 Frizzled-7 (FZD7) Fz-7; hFz7; FzE3 FZD7_HUMAN hsa:8324 HGNC:4045 . ENSG00000155760 8324 FZD7 Protein coding 2q33.1 MRDPGAAAPLSSLGLCALVLALLGALSAGAGAQPYHGEKGISVPDHGFCQPISIPLCTDIAYNQTILPNLLGHTNQEDAGLEVHQFYPLVKVQCSPELRFFLCSMYAPVCTVLDQAIPPCRSLCERARQGCEALMNKFGFQWPERLRCENFPVHGAGEICVGQNTSDGSGGPGGGPTAYPTAPYLPDLPFTALPPGASDGRGRPAFPFSCPRQLKVPPYLGYRFLGERDCGAPCEPGRANGLMYFKEEERRFARLWVGVWSVLCCASTLFTVLTYLVDMRRFSYPERPIIFLSGCYFMVAVAHVAGFLLEDRAVCVERFSDDGYRTVAQGTKKEGCTILFMVLYFFGMASSIWWVILSLTWFLAAGMKWGHEAIEANSQYFHLAAWAVPAVKTITILAMGQVDGDLLSGVCYVGLSSVDALRGFVLAPLFVYLFIGTSFLLAGFVSLFRIRTIMKHDGTKTEKLEKLMVRIGVFSVLYTVPATIVLACYFYEQAFREHWERTWLLQTCKSYAVPCPPGHFPPMSPDFTVFMIKYLMTMIVGITTGFWIWSGKTLQSWRRFYHRLSHSSKGETAV G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to involve interactions with G-proteins. Activation by WNT8 induces expression of beta-catenin target genes (By similarity). Following ligand activation, binds to CCDC88C/DAPLE which displaces DVL1 from FZD7 and leads to inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling, activation of G-proteins by CCDC88C and triggering of non-canonical Wnt responses. May be involved in transduction and intercellular transmission of polarity information during tissue morphogenesis and/or in differentiated tissues. M6ATAR00206 G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1) B-cell lymphoma 1 protein; BCL-1; BCL-1 oncogene; PRAD1 oncogene; BCL1; PRAD1 CCND1_HUMAN hsa:595 HGNC:1582 . ENSG00000110092 595 CCND1 Protein coding 11q13.3 MEHQLLCCEVETIRRAYPDANLLNDRVLRAMLKAEETCAPSVSYFKCVQKEVLPSMRKIVATWMLEVCEEQKCEEEVFPLAMNYLDRFLSLEPVKKSRLQLLGATCMFVASKMKETIPLTAEKLCIYTDNSIRPEELLQMELLLVNKLKWNLAAMTPHDFIEHFLSKMPEAEENKQIIRKHAQTFVALCATDVKFISNPPSMVAAGSVVAAVQGLNLRSPNNFLSYYRLTRFLSRVIKCDPDCLRACQEQIEALLESSLRQAQQNMDPKAAEEEEEEEEEVDLACTPTDVRDVDI cyclin family; Cyclin D subfamily Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. Also substrate for SMAD3, phosphorylating SMAD3 in a cell-cycle-dependent manner and repressing its transcriptional activity. Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D1/CDK4/CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. Exhibits transcriptional corepressor activity with INSM1 on the NEUROD1 and INS promoters in a cell cycle-independent manner. M6ATAR00207 G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 (CCND2) . CCND2_HUMAN hsa:894 HGNC:1583 . ENSG00000118971 894 CCND2 Protein coding 12p13.32 MELLCHEVDPVRRAVRDRNLLRDDRVLQNLLTIEERYLPQCSYFKCVQKDIQPYMRRMVATWMLEVCEEQKCEEEVFPLAMNYLDRFLAGVPTPKSHLQLLGAVCMFLASKLKETSPLTAEKLCIYTDNSIKPQELLEWELVVLGKLKWNLAAVTPHDFIEHILRKLPQQREKLSLIRKHAQTFIALCATDFKFAMYPPSMIATGSVGAAICGLQQDEEVSSLTCDALTELLAKITNTDVDCLKACQEQIEAVLLNSLQQYRQDQRDGSKSEDELDQASTPTDVRDIDL cyclin family; Cyclin D subfamily Regulatory component of the cyclin D2-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. M6ATAR00208 G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 (CCNE1) CCNE CCNE1_HUMAN hsa:898 HGNC:1589 . ENSG00000105173 898 CCNE1 Protein coding 19q12 MPRERRERDAKERDTMKEDGGAEFSARSRKRKANVTVFLQDPDEEMAKIDRTARDQCGSQPWDNNAVCADPCSLIPTPDKEDDDRVYPNSTCKPRIIAPSRGSPLPVLSWANREEVWKIMLNKEKTYLRDQHFLEQHPLLQPKMRAILLDWLMEVCEVYKLHRETFYLAQDFFDRYMATQENVVKTLLQLIGISSLFIAAKLEEIYPPKLHQFAYVTDGACSGDEILTMELMIMKALKWRLSPLTIVSWLNVYMQVAYLNDLHEVLLPQYPQQIFIQIAELLDLCVLDVDCLEFPYGILAASALYHFSSSELMQKVSGYQWCDIENCVKWMVPFAMVIRETGSSKLKHFRGVADEDAHNIQTHRDSLDLLDKARAKKAMLSEQNRASPLPSGLLTPPQSGKKQSSGPEMA cyclin family; Cyclin E subfamily Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G1/S (start) transition. M6ATAR00752 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 (CCNB2) . CCNB2_HUMAN hsa:9133 HGNC:1580 . ENSG00000157456 9133 CCNB2 Protein coding 15q22.2 MALLRRPTVSSDLENIDTGVNSKVKSHVTIRRTVLEEIGNRVTTRAAQVAKKAQNTKVPVQPTKTTNVNKQLKPTASVKPVQMEKLAPKGPSPTPEDVSMKEENLCQAFSDALLCKIEDIDNEDWENPQLCSDYVKDIYQYLRQLEVLQSINPHFLDGRDINGRMRAILVDWLVQVHSKFRLLQETLYMCVGIMDRFLQVQPVSRKKLQLVGITALLLASKYEEMFSPNIEDFVYITDNAYTSSQIREMETLILKELKFELGRPLPLHFLRRASKAGEVDVEQHTLAKYLMELTLIDYDMVHYHPSKVAAAASCLSQKVLGQGKWNLKQQYYTGYTENEVLEVMQHMAKNVVKVNENLTKFIAIKNKYASSKLLKISMIPQLNSKAVKDLASPLIGRS Cyclin family, Cyclin AB subfamily Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G2/M (mitosis) transition. M6ATAR00798 GABA type A receptor-associated protein (GABARAP/ATG8A) Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein; GABA(A) receptor-associated protein; MM46 GBRAP_HUMAN hsa:11337 HGNC:4067 . ENSG00000170296 11337 GABARAP Protein coding 17p13.1 MKFVYKEEHPFEKRRSEGEKIRKKYPDRVPVIVEKAPKARIGDLDKKKYLVPSDLTVGQFYFLIRKRIHLRAEDALFFFVNNVIPPTSATMGQLYQEHHEEDFFLYIAYSDESVYGL ATG8 family Ubiquitin-like modifier that plays a role in intracellular transport of GABA(A) receptors and its interaction with the cytoskeleton. Involved in autophagy: while LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation. Through its interaction with the reticulophagy receptor TEX264, participates in the remodeling of subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum into autophagosomes upon nutrient stress, which then fuse with lysosomes for endoplasmic reticulum turnover. Also required for the local activation of the CUL3(KBTBD6/7) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, regulating ubiquitination and degradation of TIAM1, a guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates RAC1 and downstream signal transduction. Thereby, regulates different biological processes including the organization of the cytoskeleton, cell migration and proliferation. Involved in apoptosis. M6ATAR00573 Galectin-9 (LGALS9) Gal-9; Ecalectin; Tumor antigen HOM-HD-21 LEG9_HUMAN hsa:3965 HGNC:6570 . ENSG00000168961 3965 LGALS9 Protein coding 17q11.2 MAFSGSQAPYLSPAVPFSGTIQGGLQDGLQITVNGTVLSSSGTRFAVNFQTGFSGNDIAFHFNPRFEDGGYVVCNTRQNGSWGPEERKTHMPFQKGMPFDLCFLVQSSDFKVMVNGILFVQYFHRVPFHRVDTISVNGSVQLSYISFQNPRTVPVQPAFSTVPFSQPVCFPPRPRGRRQKPPGVWPANPAPITQTVIHTVQSAPGQMFSTPAIPPMMYPHPAYPMPFITTILGGLYPSKSILLSGTVLPSAQRFHINLCSGNHIAFHLNPRFDENAVVRNTQIDNSWGSEERSLPRKMPFVRGQSFSVWILCEAHCLKVAVDGQHLFEYYHRLRNLPTINRLEVGGDIQLTHVQT . Binds galactosides. Has high affinity for the Forssman pentasaccharide. Ligand for HAVCR2/TIM3. Binding to HAVCR2 induces T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1) death. Also stimulates bactericidal activity in infected macrophages by causing macrophage activation and IL1B secretion which restricts intracellular bacterial growth (By similarity). Ligand for P4HB; the interaction retains P4HB at the cell surface of Th2 T-helper cells, increasing disulfide reductase activity at the plasma membrane, altering the plasma membrane redox state and enhancing cell migration. Ligand for CD44; the interaction enhances binding of SMAD3 to the FOXP3 promoter, leading to up-regulation of FOXP3 expression and increased induced regulatory T (iTreg) cell stability and suppressive function (By similarity). Promotes ability of mesenchymal stromal cells to suppress T-cell proliferation . Expands regulatory T-cells and induces cytotoxic T-cell apoptosis following virus infection. Activates ERK1/2 phosphorylation inducing cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, IL-12) and chemokine (CCL2) production in mast and dendritic cells. Inhibits degranulation and induces apoptosis of mast cells. Induces maturation and migration of dendritic cells. Inhibits natural killer (NK) cell function . Can transform NK cell phenotype from peripheral to decidual during pregnancy. Astrocyte derived galectin-9 enhances microglial TNF production (By similarity). May play a role in thymocyte-epithelial interactions relevant to the biology of the thymus. May provide the molecular basis for urate flux across cell membranes, allowing urate that is formed during purine metabolism to efflux from cells and serving as an electrogenic transporter that plays an important role in renal and gastrointestinal urate excretion (By similarity). Highly selective to the anion urate (By similarity); [Isoform 2]: Acts as an eosinophil chemoattractant. It also inhibits angiogenesis. Suppresses IFNG production by natural killer cells (By similarity). M6ATAR00727 Gap junction alpha-1 protein (GJA1) Connexin-43; Cx43; Gap junction 43 kDa heart protein CXA1_HUMAN hsa:2697 HGNC:4274 . ENSG00000152661 2697 GJA1 Protein coding 6q22.31 MGDWSALGKLLDKVQAYSTAGGKVWLSVLFIFRILLLGTAVESAWGDEQSAFRCNTQQPGCENVCYDKSFPISHVRFWVLQIIFVSVPTLLYLAHVFYVMRKEEKLNKKEEELKVAQTDGVNVDMHLKQIEIKKFKYGIEEHGKVKMRGGLLRTYIISILFKSIFEVAFLLIQWYIYGFSLSAVYTCKRDPCPHQVDCFLSRPTEKTIFIIFMLVVSLVSLALNIIELFYVFFKGVKDRVKGKSDPYHATSGALSPAKDCGSQKYAYFNGCSSPTAPLSPMSPPGYKLVTGDRNNSSCRNYNKQASEQNWANYSAEQNRMGQAGSTISNSHAQPFDFPDDNQNSKKLAAGHELQPLAIVDQRPSSRASSRASSRPRPDDLEI Connexin family, Alpha-type (group II) subfamily Gap junction protein that acts as a regulator of bladder capacity. A gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. May play a critical role in the physiology of hearing by participating in the recycling of potassium to the cochlear endolymph. Negative regulator of bladder functional capacity: acts by enhancing intercellular electrical and chemical transmission, thus sensitizing bladder muscles to cholinergic neural stimuli and causing them to contract (By similarity). May play a role in cell growth inhibition through the regulation of NOV expression and localization. Plays an essential role in gap junction communication in the ventricles (By similarity). M6ATAR00095 GAS5 antisense RNA 1 (GAS5-AS1) GAS5-AS1; GAS5 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:44119 . ENSG00000270084 100506046 GAS5-AS1 LncRNA 1q25.1 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00726 GD1 alpha synthase (ST6GALNAC5) GD1 alpha synthase; GalNAc alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase V; ST6GalNAc V; ST6GalNAcV; Sialyltransferase 7E; SIAT7-E SIA7E_HUMAN hsa:81849 HGNC:19342 . ENSG00000117069 81849 ST6GALNAC5 Protein coding 1p31.1 MKTLMRHGLAVCLALTTMCTSLLLVYSSLGGQKERPPQQQQQQQQQQQQASATGSSQPAAESSTQQRPGVPAGPRPLDGYLGVADHKPLKMHCRDCALVTSSGHLLHSRQGSQIDQTECVIRMNDAPTRGYGRDVGNRTSLRVIAHSSIQRILRNRHDLLNVSQGTVFIFWGPSSYMRRDGKGQVYNNLHLLSQVLPRLKAFMITRHKMLQFDELFKQETGKDRKISNTWLSTGWFTMTIALELCDRINVYGMVPPDFCRDPNHPSVPYHYYEPFGPDECTMYLSHERGRKGSHHRFITEKRVFKNWARTFNIHFFQPDWKPESLAINHPENKPVF Glycosyltransferase 29 family Predominantly catalyzes the biosynthesis of ganglioside GD1alpha from GM1b in the brain, by transferring the sialyl group (N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl or NeuAc) from CMP-NeuAc to the GalNAc residue on the NeuAc-alpha-2,3-Gal-beta-1,3-GalNAc sequence of GM1b. GD1alpha is a critical molecule in the communication and interaction between neuronal cells and their supportive cells, particularly in brain tissues, and functions as an adhesion molecule in the process of metastasis (By similarity). Also shows activity towards sialyl Lc4Cer (N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acyl-sphing-4-enine) generating disialyl Lc4Cer, which can lead to the synthesis of disialyl Lewis a (Le(a)), suggested to be a cancer-associated antige . M6ATAR00266 Glia-derived nexin (SERPINE2) GDN; Peptidase inhibitor 7; PI-7; Protease nexin 1; PN-1; Protease nexin I; Serpin E2; PI7; PN1 GDN_HUMAN hsa:5270 HGNC:8951 . ENSG00000135919 5270 SERPINE2 Protein coding 2q36.1 MNWHLPLFLLASVTLPSICSHFNPLSLEELGSNTGIQVFNQIVKSRPHDNIVISPHGIASVLGMLQLGADGRTKKQLAMVMRYGVNGVGKILKKINKAIVSKKNKDIVTVANAVFVKNASEIEVPFVTRNKDVFQCEVRNVNFEDPASACDSINAWVKNETRDMIDNLLSPDLIDGVLTRLVLVNAVYFKGLWKSRFQPENTKKRTFVAADGKSYQVPMLAQLSVFRCGSTSAPNDLWYNFIELPYHGESISMLIALPTESSTPLSAIIPHISTKTIDSWMSIMVPKRVQVILPKFTAVAQTDLKEPLKVLGITDMFDSSKANFAKITTGSENLHVSHILQKAKIEVSEDGTKASAATTAILIARSSPPWFIVDRPFLFFIRHNPTGAVLFMGQINKP serpin family Serine protease inhibitor with activity toward thrombin, trypsin, and urokinase. Promotes neurite extension by inhibiting thrombin. Binds heparin. M6ATAR00269 Glucose transporter type 1 (SLC2A1) Glucose transporter type 1, erythrocyte/brain; GLUT-1; HepG2 glucose transporter; GLUT1 GTR1_HUMAN hsa:6513 HGNC:11005 . ENSG00000117394 6513 SLC2A1 Protein coding 1p34.2 MEPSSKKLTGRLMLAVGGAVLGSLQFGYNTGVINAPQKVIEEFYNQTWVHRYGESILPTTLTTLWSLSVAIFSVGGMIGSFSVGLFVNRFGRRNSMLMMNLLAFVSAVLMGFSKLGKSFEMLILGRFIIGVYCGLTTGFVPMYVGEVSPTALRGALGTLHQLGIVVGILIAQVFGLDSIMGNKDLWPLLLSIIFIPALLQCIVLPFCPESPRFLLINRNEENRAKSVLKKLRGTADVTHDLQEMKEESRQMMREKKVTILELFRSPAYRQPILIAVVLQLSQQLSGINAVFYYSTSIFEKAGVQQPVYATIGSGIVNTAFTVVSLFVVERAGRRTLHLIGLAGMAGCAILMTIALALLEQLPWMSYLSIVAIFGFVAFFEVGPGPIPWFIVAELFSQGPRPAAIAVAGFSNWTSNFIVGMCFQYVEQLCGPYVFIIFTVLLVLFFIFTYFKVPETKGRTFDEIASGFRQGGASQSDKTPEELFHPLGADSQV major facilitator superfamily; Sugar transporter (TC 2;A;1;1) family; Glucose transporter subfamily Facilitative glucose transporter, which is responsible for constitutive or basal glucose uptake. Has a very broad substrate specificity; can transport a wide range of aldoses including both pentoses and hexoses. Most important energy carrier of the brain: present at the blood-brain barrier and assures the energy-independent, facilitative transport of glucose into the brain. In association with BSG and NXNL1, promotes retinal cone survival by increasing glucose uptake into photoreceptors (By similarity). M6ATAR00263 Glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 (G6PC/G6PC1) Glucose-6-phosphatase; G-6-Pase; G6Pase; Glucose-6-phosphatase alpha; G6Pase-alpha; G6PC; G6PT G6PC1_HUMAN hsa:2538 HGNC:4056 . ENSG00000131482 2538 G6PC1 Protein coding 17q21.31 MEEGMNVLHDFGIQSTHYLQVNYQDSQDWFILVSVIADLRNAFYVLFPIWFHLQEAVGIKLLWVAVIGDWLNLVFKWILFGQRPYWWVLDTDYYSNTSVPLIKQFPVTCETGPGSPSGHAMGTAGVYYVMVTSTLSIFQGKIKPTYRFRCLNVILWLGFWAVQLNVCLSRIYLAAHFPHQVVAGVLSGIAVAETFSHIHSIYNASLKKYFLITFFLFSFAIGFYLLLKGLGVDLLWTLEKAQRWCEQPEWVHIDTTPFASLLKNLGTLFGLGLALNSSMYRESCKGKLSKWLPFRLSSIVASLVLLHVFDSLKPPSQVELVFYVLSFCKSAVVPLASVSVIPYCLAQVLGQPHKKSL glucose-6-phosphatase family Hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the endoplasmic reticulum. Forms with the glucose-6-phosphate transporter (SLC37A4/G6PT) the complex responsible for glucose production in the terminal step of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Hence, it is the key enzyme in homeostatic regulation of blood glucose levels. M6ATAR00764 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase; G6PD; EC 1.1.1.49 G6PD_HUMAN hsa:2539 HGNC:4057 . ENSG00000160211.19 2539 G6PD Protein coding Xq28 MAEQVALSRTQVCGILREELFQGDAFHQSDTHIFIIMGASGDLAKKKIYPTIWWLFRDGLLPENTFIVGYARSRLTVADIRKQSEPFFKATPEEKLKLEDFFARNSYVAGQYDDAASYQRLNSHMNALHLGSQANRLFYLALPPTVYEAVTKNIHESCMSQIGWNRIIVEKPFGRDLQSSDRLSNHISSLFREDQIYRIDHYLGKEMVQNLMVLRFANRIFGPIWNRDNIACVILTFKEPFGTEGRGGYFDEFGIIRDVMQNHLLQMLCLVAMEKPASTNSDDVRDEKVKVLKCISEVQANNVVLGQYVGNPDGEGEATKGYLDDPTVPRGSTTATFAAVVLYVENERWDGVPFILRCGKALNERKAEVRLQFHDVAGDIFHQQCKRNELVIRVQPNEAVYTKMMTKKPGMFFNPEESELDLTYGNRYKNVKLPDAYERLILDVFCGSQMHFVRSDELREAWRIFTPLLHQIELEKPKPIPYIYGSRGPTEADELMKRVGFQYEGTYKWVNPHKL Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase family Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway, which represents a route for the dissimilation of carbohydrates besides glycolysis. The main function of this enzyme is to provide reducing power (NADPH) and pentose phosphates for fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis. M6ATAR00349 Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 (NMDAR1/GRIN1) GluN1; Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1; N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR1; NMD-R1; NMDAR1 NMDZ1_HUMAN hsa:2902 HGNC:4584 . ENSG00000176884 2902 GRIN1 Protein coding 9q34.3 MSTMRLLTLALLFSCSVARAACDPKIVNIGAVLSTRKHEQMFREAVNQANKRHGSWKIQLNATSVTHKPNAIQMALSVCEDLISSQVYAILVSHPPTPNDHFTPTPVSYTAGFYRIPVLGLTTRMSIYSDKSIHLSFLRTVPPYSHQSSVWFEMMRVYSWNHIILLVSDDHEGRAAQKRLETLLEERESKAEKVLQFDPGTKNVTALLMEAKELEARVIILSASEDDAATVYRAAAMLNMTGSGYVWLVGEREISGNALRYAPDGILGLQLINGKNESAHISDAVGVVAQAVHELLEKENITDPPRGCVGNTNIWKTGPLFKRVLMSSKYADGVTGRVEFNEDGDRKFANYSIMNLQNRKLVQVGIYNGTHVIPNDRKIIWPGGETEKPRGYQMSTRLKIVTIHQEPFVYVKPTLSDGTCKEEFTVNGDPVKKVICTGPNDTSPGSPRHTVPQCCYGFCIDLLIKLARTMNFTYEVHLVADGKFGTQERVNNSNKKEWNGMMGELLSGQADMIVAPLTINNERAQYIEFSKPFKYQGLTILVKKEIPRSTLDSFMQPFQSTLWLLVGLSVHVVAVMLYLLDRFSPFGRFKVNSEEEEEDALTLSSAMWFSWGVLLNSGIGEGAPRSFSARILGMVWAGFAMIIVASYTANLAAFLVLDRPEERITGINDPRLRNPSDKFIYATVKQSSVDIYFRRQVELSTMYRHMEKHNYESAAEAIQAVRDNKLHAFIWDSAVLEFEASQKCDLVTTGELFFRSGFGIGMRKDSPWKQNVSLSILKSHENGFMEDLDKTWVRYQECDSRSNAPATLTFENMAGVFMLVAGGIVAGIFLIFIEIAYKRHKDARRKQMQLAFAAVNVWRKNLQDRKSGRAEPDPKKKATFRAITSTLASSFKRRRSSKDTSTGGGRGALQNQKDTVLPRRAIEREEGQLQLCSRHRES glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1;A;10;1) family; NR1/GRIN1 subfamily Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition. M6ATAR00268 Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3Beta/GSK3B) GSK-3 beta; Serine/threonine-protein kinase GSK3B GSK3B_HUMAN hsa:2932 HGNC:4617 . ENSG00000082701 2932 GSK3B Protein coding 3q13.33 MSGRPRTTSFAESCKPVQQPSAFGSMKVSRDKDGSKVTTVVATPGQGPDRPQEVSYTDTKVIGNGSFGVVYQAKLCDSGELVAIKKVLQDKRFKNRELQIMRKLDHCNIVRLRYFFYSSGEKKDEVYLNLVLDYVPETVYRVARHYSRAKQTLPVIYVKLYMYQLFRSLAYIHSFGICHRDIKPQNLLLDPDTAVLKLCDFGSAKQLVRGEPNVSYICSRYYRAPELIFGATDYTSSIDVWSAGCVLAELLLGQPIFPGDSGVDQLVEIIKVLGTPTREQIREMNPNYTEFKFPQIKAHPWTKVFRPRTPPEAIALCSRLLEYTPTARLTPLEACAHSFFDELRDPNVKLPNGRDTPALFNFTTQELSSNPPLATILIPPHARIQAAASTPTNATAASDANTGDRGQTNNAASASASNST protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; GSK-3 subfamily Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), EIF2B, CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC, AXIN1, DPYSL2/CRMP2, JUN, NFATC1/NFATC, MAPT/TAU and MACF1. Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates. In skeletal muscle, contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis. May also mediate the development of insulin resistance by regulating activation of transcription factors. Regulates protein synthesis by controlling the activity of initiation factor 2B (EIF2BE/EIF2B5) in the same manner as glycogen synthase. In Wnt signaling, GSK3B forms a multimeric complex with APC, AXIN1 and CTNNB1/beta-catenin and phosphorylates the N-terminus of CTNNB1 leading to its degradation mediated by ubiquitin/proteasomes. Phosphorylates JUN at sites proximal to its DNA-binding domain, thereby reducing its affinity for DNA. Phosphorylates NFATC1/NFATC on conserved serine residues promoting NFATC1/NFATC nuclear export, shutting off NFATC1/NFATC gene regulation, and thereby opposing the action of calcineurin. Phosphorylates MAPT/TAU on 'Thr-548', decreasing significantly MAPT/TAU ability to bind and stabilize microtubules. MAPT/TAU is the principal component of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease. Plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. Phosphorylates MACF1, inhibiting its binding to microtubules which is critical for its role in bulge stem cell migration and skin wound repair (By similarity). Probably regulates NF-kappa-B (NFKB1) at the transcriptional level and is required for the NF-kappa-B-mediated anti-apoptotic response to TNF-alpha (TNF/TNFA) (By similarity). Negatively regulates replication in pancreatic beta-cells, resulting in apoptosis, loss of beta-cells and diabetes (By similarity). Through phosphorylation of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1, may control cell apoptosis in response to growth factors deprivation (By similarity). Phosphorylates MUC1 in breast cancer cells, decreasing the interaction of MUC1 with CTNNB1/beta-catenin. Is necessary for the establishment of neuronal polarity and axon outgrowth. Phosphorylates MARK2, leading to inhibit its activity (By similarity). Phosphorylates SIK1 at 'Thr-182', leading to sustain its activity. Phosphorylates ZC3HAV1 which enhances its antiviral activity. Phosphorylates SNAI1, leading to its BTRC-triggered ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylates SFPQ at 'Thr-687' upon T-cell activation. Phosphorylates NR1D1 st 'Ser-55' and 'Ser-59' and stabilizes it by protecting it from proteasomal degradation. Regulates the circadian clock via phosphorylation of the major clock components including ARNTL/BMAL1, CLOCK and PER2. Phosphorylates CLOCK AT 'Ser-427' and targets it for proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylates ARNTL/BMAL1 at 'Ser-17' and 'Ser-21' and primes it for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylates OGT at 'Ser-3' or 'Ser-4' which positively regulates its activity. Phosphorylates MYCN in neuroblastoma cells which may promote its degradation. Regulates the circadian rhythmicity of hippocampal long-term potentiation and ARNTL/BMLA1 and PER2 expression (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of autophagy by mediating phosphorylation of KAT5/TIP60 under starvation conditions, leading to activate KAT5/TIP60 acetyltransferase activity and promote acetylation of key autophagy regulators, such as ULK1 and RUBCNL/Pacer. Negatively regulates extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. Promotes the formation of an anti-apoptotic complex, made of DDX3X, BRIC2 and GSK3B, at death receptors, including TNFRSF10B. The anti-apoptotic function is most effective with weak apoptotic signals and can be overcome by stronger stimulation. Phosphorylates E2F1, promoting the interaction between E2F1 and USP11, leading to stabilize E2F1 and promote its activity. M6ATAR00148 Growth arrest specific 5 (GAS5) GAS5; growth arrest specific 5 (non-protein coding); SNHG2; NCRNA00030; small nucleolar RNA host gene (non-protein coding) 2; non-protein coding RNA 30 . . HGNC:16355 . ENSG00000234741 60674 GAS5 LncRNA 1q25.1 . Small nucleolar RNA non-coding host genes; Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00379 GTPase KRas (KRAS) K-Ras 2; Ki-Ras; c-K-ras; c-Ki-ras; KRAS2; RASK2 RASK_HUMAN hsa:3845 HGNC:6407 . ENSG00000133703 3845 KRAS Protein coding 12p12.1 MTEYKLVVVGAGGVGKSALTIQLIQNHFVDEYDPTIEDSYRKQVVIDGETCLLDILDTAGQEEYSAMRDQYMRTGEGFLCVFAINNTKSFEDIHHYREQIKRVKDSEDVPMVLVGNKCDLPSRTVDTKQAQDLARSYGIPFIETSAKTRQRVEDAFYTLVREIRQYRLKKISKEEKTPGCVKIKKCIIM small GTPase superfamily; Ras family Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Plays a role in promoting oncogenic events by inducing transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in a ZNF304-dependent manner. M6ATAR00767 Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G (GNAS) GNAS1; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G; s subunit alpha isoforms XLas ; Adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein ; Extra large alphas protein; XLalphas GNAS1_HUMAN #N/A HGNC:4392 . ENSG00000087460.29 2778 GNAS Protein coding 20q13.32 MGVRNCLYGNNMSGQRDIPPEIGEQPEQPPLEAPGAAAPGAGPSPAEEMETEPPHNEPIPVENDGEACGPPEVSRPNFQVLNPAFREAGAHGSYSPPPEEAMPFEAEQPSLGGFWPTLEQPGFPSGVHAGLEAFGPALMEPGAFSGARPGLGGYSPPPEEAMPFEFDQPAQRGCSQLLLQVPDLAPGGPGAAGVPGAPPEEPQALRPAKAGSRGGYSPPPEETMPFELDGEGFGDDSPPPGLSRVIAQVDGSSQFAAVAASSAVRLTPAANAPPLWVPGAIGSPSQEAVRPPSNFTGSSPWMEISGPPFEIGSAPAGVDDTPVNMDSPPIALDGPPIKVSGAPDKRERAERPPVEEEAAEMEGAADAAEGGKVPSPGYGSPAAGAASADTAARAAPAAPADPDSGATPEDPDSGTAPADPDSGAFAADPDSGAAPAAPADPDSGAAPDAPADPDSGAAPDAPADPDAGAAPEAPAAPAAAETRAAHVAPAAPDAGAPTAPAASATRAAQVRRAASAAPASGARRKIHLRPPSPEIQAADPPTPRPTRASAWRGKSESSRGRRVYYDEGVASSDDDSSGDESDDGTSGCLRWFQHRRNRRRRKPQRNLLRNFLVQAFGGCFGRSESPQPKASRSLKVKKVPLAEKRRQMRKEALEKRAQKRAEKKRSKLIDKQLQDEKMGYMCTHRLLLLGAGESGKSTIVKQMRILHVNGFNGEGGEEDPQAARSNSDGEKATKVQDIKNNLKEAIETIVAAMSNLVPPVELANPENQFRVDYILSVMNVPDFDFPPEFYEHAKALWEDEGVRACYERSNEYQLIDCAQYFLDKIDVIKQADYVPSDQDLLRCRVLTSGIFETKFQVDKVNFHMFDVGGQRDERRKWIQCFNDVTAIIFVVASSSYNMVIREDNQTNRLQEALNLFKSIWNNRWLRTISVILFLNKQDLLAEKVLAGKSKIEDYFPEFARYTTPEDATPEPGEDPRVTRAKYFIRDEFLRISTASGDGRHYCYPHFTCAVDTENIRRVFNDCRDIIQRMHLRQYELL G-alpha family, G(s) subfamily FUNCTION: cyclases, resulting in increased levels of the signaling molecule cAMP. GNAS functions downstream of several GPCRs, including beta-adrenergic receptors. XLas isoforms interact with the same set of receptors as GNAS isoforms (By similarity). M6ATAR00229 H/ACA ribonucleoprotein complex subunit DKC1 (DKC1) CBF5 homolog; Dyskerin; Nopp140-associated protein of 57 kDa; Nucleolar protein NAP57; Nucleolar protein family A member 4; snoRNP protein DKC1; NOLA4 DKC1_HUMAN hsa:1736 HGNC:2890 . ENSG00000130826 1736 DKC1 Protein coding Xq28 MADAEVIILPKKHKKKKERKSLPEEDVAEIQHAEEFLIKPESKVAKLDTSQWPLLLKNFDKLNVRTTHYTPLACGSNPLKREIGDYIRTGFINLDKPSNPSSHEVVAWIRRILRVEKTGHSGTLDPKVTGCLIVCIERATRLVKSQQSAGKEYVGIVRLHNAIEGGTQLSRALETLTGALFQRPPLIAAVKRQLRVRTIYESKMIEYDPERRLGIFWVSCEAGTYIRTLCVHLGLLLGVGGQMQELRRVRSGVMSEKDHMVTMHDVLDAQWLYDNHKDESYLRRVVYPLEKLLTSHKRLVMKDSAVNAICYGAKIMLPGVLRYEDGIEVNQEIVVITTKGEAICMAIALMTTAVISTCDHGIVAKIKRVIMERDTYPRKWGLGPKASQKKLMIKQGLLDKHGKPTDSTPATWKQEYVDYSESAKKEVVAEVVKAPQVVAEAAKTAKRKRESESESDETPPAAPQLIKKEKKKSKKDKKAKAGLESGAEPGDGDSDTTKKKKKKKKAKEVELVSE pseudouridine synthase TruB family [Isoform 1]: Catalytic subunit of H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (H/ACA snoRNP) complex, which catalyzes pseudouridylation of rRNA. This involves the isomerization of uridine such that the ribose is subsequently attached to C5, instead of the normal N1. Each rRNA can contain up to 100 pseudouridine ('psi') residues, which may serve to stabilize the conformation of rRNAs. Required for ribosome biogenesis and telomere maintenance. Also required for correct processing or intranuclear trafficking of TERC, the RNA component of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) holoenzyme. [Isoform 3]: Promotes cell to cell and cell to substratum adhesion, increases the cell proliferation rate and leads to cytokeratin hyper-expression. M6ATAR00156 H19 imprinted maternally expressed transcript (H19) H19; H19, imprinted maternally expressed untranslated mRNA; H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript (non-protein coding); D11S813E; ASM; ASM1; NCRNA00008; LINC00008; MIR675HG; non-protein coding RNA 8; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 8; MIR675 host gene; adult skeletal muscle . . HGNC:4713 . ENSG00000130600 283120 H19 LncRNA 11p15.5 . MicroRNA non-coding host genes; Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00279 Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A (HSPA1A) Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1; HSP70-1; HSP70.1; HSP72; HSPA1; HSX70 HS71A_HUMAN hsa:3303 HGNC:5232 . ENSG00000204389; ENSG00000215328; ENSG00000235941; ENSG00000234475; ENSG00000237724 3303; 3304 HSPA1A Protein coding 6p21.33 MAKAAAIGIDLGTTYSCVGVFQHGKVEIIANDQGNRTTPSYVAFTDTERLIGDAAKNQVALNPQNTVFDAKRLIGRKFGDPVVQSDMKHWPFQVINDGDKPKVQVSYKGETKAFYPEEISSMVLTKMKEIAEAYLGYPVTNAVITVPAYFNDSQRQATKDAGVIAGLNVLRIINEPTAAAIAYGLDRTGKGERNVLIFDLGGGTFDVSILTIDDGIFEVKATAGDTHLGGEDFDNRLVNHFVEEFKRKHKKDISQNKRAVRRLRTACERAKRTLSSSTQASLEIDSLFEGIDFYTSITRARFEELCSDLFRSTLEPVEKALRDAKLDKAQIHDLVLVGGSTRIPKVQKLLQDFFNGRDLNKSINPDEAVAYGAAVQAAILMGDKSENVQDLLLLDVAPLSLGLETAGGVMTALIKRNSTIPTKQTQIFTTYSDNQPGVLIQVYEGERAMTKDNNLLGRFELSGIPPAPRGVPQIEVTFDIDANGILNVTATDKSTGKANKITITNDKGRLSKEEIERMVQEAEKYKAEDEVQRERVSAKNALESYAFNMKSAVEDEGLKGKISEADKKKVLDKCQEVISWLDANTLAEKDEFEHKRKELEQVCNPIISGLYQGAGGPGPGGFGAQGPKGGSGSGPTIEEVD heat shock protein 70 family Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and ADP release, mediated by co-chaperones. The co-chaperones have been shown to not only regulate different steps of the ATPase cycle, but they also have an individual specificity such that one co-chaperone may promote folding of a substrate while another may promote degradation. The affinity for polypeptides is regulated by its nucleotide bound state. In the ATP-bound form, it has a low affinity for substrate proteins. However, upon hydrolysis of the ATP to ADP, it undergoes a conformational change that increases its affinity for substrate proteins. It goes through repeated cycles of ATP hydrolysis and nucleotide exchange, which permits cycles of substrate binding and release. The co-chaperones are of three types: J-domain co-chaperones such as HSP40s (stimulate ATPase hydrolysis by HSP70), the nucleotide exchange factors (NEF) such as BAG1/2/3 (facilitate conversion of HSP70 from the ADP-bound to the ATP-bound state thereby promoting substrate release), and the TPR domain chaperones such as HOPX and STUB1. Maintains protein homeostasis during cellular stress through two opposing mechanisms: protein refolding and degradation. Its acetylation/deacetylation state determines whether it functions in protein refolding or protein degradation by controlling the competitive binding of co-chaperones HOPX and STUB1. During the early stress response, the acetylated form binds to HOPX which assists in chaperone-mediated protein refolding, thereafter, it is deacetylated and binds to ubiquitin ligase STUB1 that promotes ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Regulates centrosome integrity during mitosis, and is required for the maintenance of a functional mitotic centrosome that supports the assembly of a bipolar mitotic spindle. Enhances STUB1-mediated SMAD3 ubiquitination and degradation and facilitates STUB1-mediated inhibition of TGF-beta signaling. Essential for STUB1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of FOXP3 in regulatory T-cells (Treg) during inflammation. Negatively regulates heat shock-induced HSF1 transcriptional activity during the attenuation and recovery phase period of the heat shock response. Involved in the clearance of misfolded PRDM1/Blimp-1 proteins. Sequesters them in the cytoplasm and promotes their association with SYNV1/HRD1, leading to proteasomal degradation. (Microbial infection) In case of rotavirus A infection, serves as a post-attachment receptor for the virus to facilitate entry into the cell. M6ATAR00593 Heat shock factor protein 1 (HSF1) HSF 1; Heat shock transcription factor 1; HSTF 1 HSF1_HUMAN hsa:3297 HGNC:5224 . ENSG00000185122; ENSG00000284774 3297 HSF1 Protein coding 8q24.3 MDLPVGPGAAGPSNVPAFLTKLWTLVSDPDTDALICWSPSGNSFHVFDQGQFAKEVLPKYFKHNNMASFVRQLNMYGFRKVVHIEQGGLVKPERDDTEFQHPCFLRGQEQLLENIKRKVTSVSTLKSEDIKIRQDSVTKLLTDVQLMKGKQECMDSKLLAMKHENEALWREVASLRQKHAQQQKVVNKLIQFLISLVQSNRILGVKRKIPLMLNDSGSAHSMPKYSRQFSLEHVHGSGPYSAPSPAYSSSSLYAPDAVASSGPIISDITELAPASPMASPGGSIDERPLSSSPLVRVKEEPPSPPQSPRVEEASPGRPSSVDTLLSPTALIDSILRESEPAPASVTALTDARGHTDTEGRPPSPPPTSTPEKCLSVACLDKNELSDHLDAMDSNLDNLQTMLSSHGFSVDTSALLDLFSPSVTVPDMSLPDLDSSLASIQELLSPQEPPRPPEAENSSPDSGKQLVHYTAQPLFLLDPGSVDTGSNDLPVLFELGEGSYFSEGDGFAEDPTISLLTGSEPPKAKDPTVS HSF family Functions as a stress-inducible and DNA-binding transcription factor that plays a central role in the transcriptional activation of the heat shock response (HSR), leading to the expression of a large class of molecular chaperones heat shock proteins (HSPs) that protect cells from cellular insults' damage. In unstressed cells, is present in a HSP90-containing multichaperone complex that maintains it in a non-DNA-binding inactivated monomeric form. Upon exposure to heat and other stress stimuli, undergoes homotrimerization and activates HSP gene transcription through binding to site-specific heat shock elements (HSEs) present in the promoter regions of HSP genes. Upon heat shock stress, forms a chromatin-associated complex with TTC5/STRAP and p300/EP300 to stimulate HSR transcription, therefore increasing cell survival . Activation is reversible, and during the attenuation and recovery phase period of the HSR, returns to its unactivated form. Binds to inverted 5'-NGAAN-3' pentamer DNA sequences . Binds to chromatin at heat shock gene promoters. Plays also several other functions independently of its transcriptional activity. Involved in the repression of Ras-induced transcriptional activation of the c-fos gene in heat-stressed cells. Positively regulates pre-mRNA 3'-end processing and polyadenylation of HSP70 mRNA upon heat-stressed cells in a symplekin (SYMPK)-dependent manner . Plays a role in nuclear export of stress-induced HSP70 mRNA. Plays a role in the regulation of mitotic progression. Plays also a role as a negative regulator of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair activity in a DNA damage-dependent manner. Involved in stress-induced cancer cell proliferation in a IER5-dependent manner; (Microbial infection) Plays a role in latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) transcriptional reactivation. Binds to the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter (LTR) to reactivate viral transcription by recruiting cellular transcriptional elongation factors, such as CDK9, CCNT1 and EP300. M6ATAR00280 Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha (HSP90/HSP90AA1) Heat shock 86 kDa; HSP 86; HSP86; Lipopolysaccharide-associated protein 2; LAP-2; LPS-associated protein 2; Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-38; HSP90A; HSPC1; HSPCA HS90A_HUMAN hsa:3320 HGNC:5253 . ENSG00000080824 3320 HSP90AA1 Protein coding 14q32.31 MPEETQTQDQPMEEEEVETFAFQAEIAQLMSLIINTFYSNKEIFLRELISNSSDALDKIRYESLTDPSKLDSGKELHINLIPNKQDRTLTIVDTGIGMTKADLINNLGTIAKSGTKAFMEALQAGADISMIGQFGVGFYSAYLVAEKVTVITKHNDDEQYAWESSAGGSFTVRTDTGEPMGRGTKVILHLKEDQTEYLEERRIKEIVKKHSQFIGYPITLFVEKERDKEVSDDEAEEKEDKEEEKEKEEKESEDKPEIEDVGSDEEEEKKDGDKKKKKKIKEKYIDQEELNKTKPIWTRNPDDITNEEYGEFYKSLTNDWEDHLAVKHFSVEGQLEFRALLFVPRRAPFDLFENRKKKNNIKLYVRRVFIMDNCEELIPEYLNFIRGVVDSEDLPLNISREMLQQSKILKVIRKNLVKKCLELFTELAEDKENYKKFYEQFSKNIKLGIHEDSQNRKKLSELLRYYTSASGDEMVSLKDYCTRMKENQKHIYYITGETKDQVANSAFVERLRKHGLEVIYMIEPIDEYCVQQLKEFEGKTLVSVTKEGLELPEDEEEKKKQEEKKTKFENLCKIMKDILEKKVEKVVVSNRLVTSPCCIVTSTYGWTANMERIMKAQALRDNSTMGYMAAKKHLEINPDHSIIETLRQKAEADKNDKSVKDLVILLYETALLSSGFSLEDPQTHANRIYRMIKLGLGIDEDDPTADDTSAAVTEEMPPLEGDDDTSRMEEVD heat shock protein 90 family Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity which is essential for its chaperone activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Engages with a range of client protein classes via its interaction with various co-chaperone proteins or complexes, that act as adapters, simultaneously able to interact with the specific client and the central chaperone itself Recruitment of ATP and co-chaperone followed by client protein forms a functional chaperone. After the completion of the chaperoning process, properly folded client protein and co-chaperone leave HSP90 in an ADP-bound partially open conformation and finally, ADP is released from HSP90 which acquires an open conformation for the next cycle. Plays a critical role in mitochondrial import, delivers preproteins to the mitochondrial import receptor TOMM70. Apart from its chaperone activity, it also plays a role in the regulation of the transcription machinery. HSP90 and its co-chaperones modulate transcription at least at three different levels. In the first place, they alter the steady-state levels of certain transcription factors in response to various physiological cues. Second, they modulate the activity of certain epigenetic modifiers, such as histone deacetylases or DNA methyl transferases, and thereby respond to the change in the environment. Third, they participate in the eviction of histones from the promoter region of certain genes and thereby turn on gene expression. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes . Antagonizes STUB1-mediated inhibition of TGF-beta signaling via inhibition of STUB1-mediated SMAD3 ubiquitination and degradation. Mediates the association of TOMM70 with IRF3 or TBK1 in mitochondrial outer membrane which promotes host antiviral response. M6ATAR00508 Heparanase (HPSE) Endo-glucoronidase; Heparanase-1; Hpa1 HPSE_HUMAN hsa:10855 HGNC:5164 . ENSG00000173083 10855 HPSE Protein coding 4q21.23 MLLRSKPALPPPLMLLLLGPLGPLSPGALPRPAQAQDVVDLDFFTQEPLHLVSPSFLSVTIDANLATDPRFLILLGSPKLRTLARGLSPAYLRFGGTKTDFLIFDPKKESTFEERSYWQSQVNQDICKYGSIPPDVEEKLRLEWPYQEQLLLREHYQKKFKNSTYSRSSVDVLYTFANCSGLDLIFGLNALLRTADLQWNSSNAQLLLDYCSSKGYNISWELGNEPNSFLKKADIFINGSQLGEDFIQLHKLLRKSTFKNAKLYGPDVGQPRRKTAKMLKSFLKAGGEVIDSVTWHHYYLNGRTATKEDFLNPDVLDIFISSVQKVFQVVESTRPGKKVWLGETSSAYGGGAPLLSDTFAAGFMWLDKLGLSARMGIEVVMRQVFFGAGNYHLVDENFDPLPDYWLSLLFKKLVGTKVLMASVQGSKRRKLRVYLHCTNTDNPRYKEGDLTLYAINLHNVTKYLRLPYPFSNKQVDKYLLRPLGPHGLLSKSVQLNGLTLKMVDDQTLPPLMEKPLRPGSSLGLPAFSYSFFVIRNAKVAACI Glycosyl hydrolase 79 family Endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) into heparan sulfate side chains and core proteoglycans. Participates in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and remodeling. Selectively cleaves the linkage between a glucuronic acid unit and an N-sulfo glucosamine unit carrying either a 3-O-sulfo or a 6-O-sulfo group. Can also cleave the linkage between a glucuronic acid unit and an N-sulfo glucosamine unit carrying a 2-O-sulfo group, but not linkages between a glucuronic acid unit and a 2-O-sulfated iduronic acid moiety. It is essentially inactive at neutral pH but becomes active under acidic conditions such as during tumor invasion and in inflammatory processes. Facilitates cell migration associated with metastasis, wound healing and inflammation. Enhances shedding of syndecans, and increases endothelial invasion and angiogenesis in myelomas. Acts as procoagulant by increasing the generation of activation factor X in the presence of tissue factor and activation factor VII. Increases cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM), independent of its enzymatic activity. Induces AKT1/PKB phosphorylation via lipid rafts increasing cell mobility and invasion. Heparin increases this AKT1/PKB activation. Regulates osteogenesis. Enhances angiogenesis through up-regulation of SRC-mediated activation of VEGF. Implicated in hair follicle inner root sheath differentiation and hair homeostasis. M6ATAR00469 Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 (HAVCR1) . HAVR1_HUMAN hsa:26762 HGNC:17866 . ENSG00000113249 3014 HAVCR1 Protein coding . MHPQVVILSLILHLADSVAGSVKVGGEAGPSVTLPCHYSGAVTSMCWNRGSCSLFTCQNGIVWTNGTHVTYRKDTRYKLLGDLSRRDVSLTIENTAVSDSGVYCCRVEHRGWFNDMKITVSLEIVPPKVTTTPIVTTVPTVTTVRTSTTVPTTTTVPMTTVPTTTVPTTMSIPTTTTVLTTMTVSTTTSVPTTTSIPTTTSVPVTTTVSTFVPPMPLPRQNHEPVATSPSSPQPAETHPTTLQGAIRREPTSSPLYSYTTDGNDTVTESSDGLWNNNQTQLFLEHSLLTANTTKGIYAGVCISVLVLLALLGVIIAKKYFFKKEVQQLSVSFSSLQIKALQNAVEKEVQAEDNIYIENSLYATD immunoglobulin superfamily. TIM family. {ECO:0000305}. Phosphatidylserine receptor that plays an important functional role in regulatory B-cells homeostasis including generation, expansion and suppressor functions (By similarity). As P-selectin/SELPLG ligand, plays a specialized role in activated but not naive T-cell trafficking during inflammatory responses. Controls thereby T-cell accumulation in the inflamed central nervous system (CNS) and the induction of autoimmune disease. Regulates also expression of various anti-inflammatory cytokines and co-inhibitory ligands including IL10 (By similarity). Acts as regulator of T-cell proliferation (By similarity). May play a role in kidney injury and repair ; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Hepatitis A virus; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Ebolavirus and Marburg virus by binding exposed phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion membrane. Serves as a dual receptor for Ebolavirus by also interacting with envelope glycoprotein GP; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Dengue virus by binding exposed phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion membrane. TIM1 and Dengue virus are co-internalized during virus entry; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Zika virus by binding to envelope protein E. M6ATAR00577 Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 (HAVCR2) HAVcr-2; T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3; TIMD-3; T-cell immunoglobulin mucin receptor 3; TIM-3; T-cell membrane protein 3; CD366 HAVR2_HUMAN hsa:84868 HGNC:18437 . ENSG00000135077 84868 HAVCR2 Protein coding 5q33.3 MFSHLPFDCVLLLLLLLLTRSSEVEYRAEVGQNAYLPCFYTPAAPGNLVPVCWGKGACPVFECGNVVLRTDERDVNYWTSRYWLNGDFRKGDVSLTIENVTLADSGIYCCRIQIPGIMNDEKFNLKLVIKPAKVTPAPTRQRDFTAAFPRMLTTRGHGPAETQTLGSLPDINLTQISTLANELRDSRLANDLRDSGATIRIGIYIGAGICAGLALALIFGALIFKWYSHSKEKIQNLSLISLANLPPSGLANAVAEGIRSEENIYTIEENVYEVEEPNEYYCYVSSRQQPSQPLGCRFAMP Immunoglobulin superfamily, TIM family Cell surface receptor implicated in modulating innate and adaptive immune responses. Generally accepted to have an inhibiting function. Reports on stimulating functions suggest that the activity may be influenced by the cellular context and/or the respective ligand. Regulates macrophage activation. Inhibits T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1)-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses and promotes immunological tolerance. In CD8+ cells attenuates TCR-induced signaling, specifically by blocking NF-kappaB and NFAT promoter activities resulting in the loss of IL-2 secretion. The function may implicate its association with LCK proposed to impair phosphorylation of TCR subunits, and/or LGALS9-dependent recruitment of PTPRC to the immunological synapse. In contrast, shown to activate TCR-induced signaling in T-cells probably implicating ZAP70, LCP2, LCK and FYN (By similarity). Expressed on Treg cells can inhibit Th17 cell responses. Receptor for LGALS9. Binding to LGALS9 is believed to result in suppression of T-cell responses; the resulting apoptosis of antigen-specific cells may implicate HAVCR2 phosphorylation and disruption of its association with BAG6. Binding to LGALS9 is proposed to be involved in innate immune response to intracellular pathogens. Expressed on Th1 cells interacts with LGALS9 expressed on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages to stimulate antibactericidal activity including IL-1 beta secretion and to restrict intracellular bacterial growth (By similarity). However, the function as receptor for LGALS9 has been challenged. Also reported to enhance CD8+ T-cell responses to an acute infection such as by Listeria monocytogenes (By similarity). Receptor for phosphatidylserine (PtSer); PtSer-binding is calcium-dependent. May recognize PtSer on apoptotic cells leading to their phagocytosis. Mediates the engulfment of apoptotic cells by dendritic cells. Expressed on T-cells, promotes conjugation but not engulfment of apoptotic cells. Expressed on dendritic cells (DCs) positively regulates innate immune response and in synergy with Toll-like receptors promotes secretion of TNF-alpha. In tumor-imfiltrating DCs suppresses nucleic acid-mediated innate immune repsonse by interaction with HMGB1 and interfering with nucleic acid-sensing and trafficking of nucleid acids to endosomes (By similarity). Expressed on natural killer (NK) cells acts as a coreceptor to enhance IFN-gamma production in response to LGALS9. In contrast, shown to suppress NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Negatively regulates NK cell function in LPS-induced endotoxic shock (By similarity). M6ATAR00325 Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met/MET) HGF receptor; HGF/SF receptor; Proto-oncogene c-Met; Scatter factor receptor; SF receptor; Tyrosine-protein kinase Met MET_HUMAN hsa:4233 HGNC:7029 . ENSG00000105976 4233 MET Protein coding 7q31 MKAPAVLAPGILVLLFTLVQRSNGECKEALAKSEMNVNMKYQLPNFTAETPIQNVILHEHHIFLGATNYIYVLNEEDLQKVAEYKTGPVLEHPDCFPCQDCSSKANLSGGVWKDNINMALVVDTYYDDQLISCGSVNRGTCQRHVFPHNHTADIQSEVHCIFSPQIEEPSQCPDCVVSALGAKVLSSVKDRFINFFVGNTINSSYFPDHPLHSISVRRLKETKDGFMFLTDQSYIDVLPEFRDSYPIKYVHAFESNNFIYFLTVQRETLDAQTFHTRIIRFCSINSGLHSYMEMPLECILTEKRKKRSTKKEVFNILQAAYVSKPGAQLARQIGASLNDDILFGVFAQSKPDSAEPMDRSAMCAFPIKYVNDFFNKIVNKNNVRCLQHFYGPNHEHCFNRTLLRNSSGCEARRDEYRTEFTTALQRVDLFMGQFSEVLLTSISTFIKGDLTIANLGTSEGRFMQVVVSRSGPSTPHVNFLLDSHPVSPEVIVEHTLNQNGYTLVITGKKITKIPLNGLGCRHFQSCSQCLSAPPFVQCGWCHDKCVRSEECLSGTWTQQICLPAIYKVFPNSAPLEGGTRLTICGWDFGFRRNNKFDLKKTRVLLGNESCTLTLSESTMNTLKCTVGPAMNKHFNMSIIISNGHGTTQYSTFSYVDPVITSISPKYGPMAGGTLLTLTGNYLNSGNSRHISIGGKTCTLKSVSNSILECYTPAQTISTEFAVKLKIDLANRETSIFSYREDPIVYEIHPTKSFISGGSTITGVGKNLNSVSVPRMVINVHEAGRNFTVACQHRSNSEIICCTTPSLQQLNLQLPLKTKAFFMLDGILSKYFDLIYVHNPVFKPFEKPVMISMGNENVLEIKGNDIDPEAVKGEVLKVGNKSCENIHLHSEAVLCTVPNDLLKLNSELNIEWKQAISSTVLGKVIVQPDQNFTGLIAGVVSISTALLLLLGFFLWLKKRKQIKDLGSELVRYDARVHTPHLDRLVSARSVSPTTEMVSNESVDYRATFPEDQFPNSSQNGSCRQVQYPLTDMSPILTSGDSDISSPLLQNTVHIDLSALNPELVQAVQHVVIGPSSLIVHFNEVIGRGHFGCVYHGTLLDNDGKKIHCAVKSLNRITDIGEVSQFLTEGIIMKDFSHPNVLSLLGICLRSEGSPLVVLPYMKHGDLRNFIRNETHNPTVKDLIGFGLQVAKGMKYLASKKFVHRDLAARNCMLDEKFTVKVADFGLARDMYDKEYYSVHNKTGAKLPVKWMALESLQTQKFTTKSDVWSFGVLLWELMTRGAPPYPDVNTFDITVYLLQGRRLLQPEYCPDPLYEVMLKCWHPKAEMRPSFSELVSRISAIFSTFIGEHYVHVNATYVNVKCVAPYPSLLSSEDNADDEVDTRPASFWETS protein kinase superfamily; Tyr protein kinase family Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to hepatocyte growth factor/HGF ligand. Regulates many physiological processes including proliferation, scattering, morphogenesis and survival. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces autophosphorylation of MET on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with the PI3-kinase subunit PIK3R1, PLCG1, SRC, GRB2, STAT3 or the adapter GAB1. Recruitment of these downstream effectors by MET leads to the activation of several signaling cascades including the RAS-ERK, PI3 kinase-AKT, or PLCgamma-PKC. The RAS-ERK activation is associated with the morphogenetic effects while PI3K/AKT coordinates prosurvival effects. During embryonic development, MET signaling plays a role in gastrulation, development and migration of muscles and neuronal precursors, angiogenesis and kidney formation. In adults, participates in wound healing as well as organ regeneration and tissue remodeling. Promotes also differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic cells. May regulate cortical bone osteogenesis (By similarity); (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Listeria monocytogenes internalin InlB, mediating entry of the pathogen into cells. M6ATAR00278 Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A/TCF1) HNF-1-alpha; HNF-1A; Liver-specific transcription factor LF-B1; LFB1; Transcription factor 1; TCF-1; TCF1 HNF1A_HUMAN hsa:6927 HGNC:11621 . ENSG00000135100 6927 HNF1A Protein coding 12q24.31 MVSKLSQLQTELLAALLESGLSKEALIQALGEPGPYLLAGEGPLDKGESCGGGRGELAELPNGLGETRGSEDETDDDGEDFTPPILKELENLSPEEAAHQKAVVETLLQEDPWRVAKMVKSYLQQHNIPQREVVDTTGLNQSHLSQHLNKGTPMKTQKRAALYTWYVRKQREVAQQFTHAGQGGLIEEPTGDELPTKKGRRNRFKWGPASQQILFQAYERQKNPSKEERETLVEECNRAECIQRGVSPSQAQGLGSNLVTEVRVYNWFANRRKEEAFRHKLAMDTYSGPPPGPGPGPALPAHSSPGLPPPALSPSKVHGVRYGQPATSETAEVPSSSGGPLVTVSTPLHQVSPTGLEPSHSLLSTEAKLVSAAGGPLPPVSTLTALHSLEQTSPGLNQQPQNLIMASLPGVMTIGPGEPASLGPTFTNTGASTLVIGLASTQAQSVPVINSMGSSLTTLQPVQFSQPLHPSYQQPLMPPVQSHVTQSPFMATMAQLQSPHALYSHKPEVAQYTHTGLLPQTMLITDTTNLSALASLTPTKQVFTSDTEASSESGLHTPASQATTLHVPSQDPAGIQHLQPAHRLSASPTVSSSSLVLYQSSDSSNGQSHLLPSNHSVIETFISTQMASSSQ HNF1 homeobox family Transcriptional activator that regulates the tissue specific expression of multiple genes, especially in pancreatic islet cells and in liver (By similarity). Binds to the inverted palindrome 5'-GTTAATNATTAAC-3'. Activates the transcription of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A11 (By similarity). M6ATAR00255 Hepatocyte nuclear factor 3-gamma (HNF3gamma/FOXA3) HNF-3-gamma; HNF-3G; Fork head-related protein FKH H3; Forkhead box protein A3; Transcription factor 3G; TCF-3G; HNF3G; TCF3G FOXA3_HUMAN hsa:3171 HGNC:5023 . ENSG00000170608 3171 FOXA3 Protein coding 19q13.32 MLGSVKMEAHDLAEWSYYPEAGEVYSPVTPVPTMAPLNSYMTLNPLSSPYPPGGLPASPLPSGPLAPPAPAAPLGPTFPGLGVSGGSSSSGYGAPGPGLVHGKEMPKGYRRPLAHAKPPYSYISLITMAIQQAPGKMLTLSEIYQWIMDLFPYYRENQQRWQNSIRHSLSFNDCFVKVARSPDKPGKGSYWALHPSSGNMFENGCYLRRQKRFKLEEKVKKGGSGAATTTRNGTGSAASTTTPAATVTSPPQPPPPAPEPEAQGGEDVGALDCGSPASSTPYFTGLELPGELKLDAPYNFNHPFSINNLMSEQTPAPPKLDVGFGGYGAEGGEPGVYYQGLYSRSLLNAS . Transcription factor that is thought to act as a 'pioneer' factor opening the compacted chromatin for other proteins through interactions with nucleosomal core histones and thereby replacing linker histones at target enhancer and/or promoter sites (By similarity). Originally described as a transcription activator for a number of liver genes such as AFP, albumin, tyrosine aminotransferase, PEPCK, etc. Interacts with the cis-acting regulatory regions of these genes. Involved in glucose homeostasis; binds to and activates transcription from the G6PC1 promoter. Binds to the CYP3A4 promoter and activates its transcription in cooperation with CEBPA. Binds to the CYP3A7 promoter together with members of the CTF/NF-I family. Involved in regulation of neuronal-specific transcription. May be involved in regulation of spermatogenesis. M6ATAR00271 Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) HDGF; High mobility group protein 1-like 2; HMG-1L2; HMG1L2 HDGF_HUMAN hsa:3068 HGNC:4856 . ENSG00000143321 3068 HDGF Protein coding 1q23.1 MSRSNRQKEYKCGDLVFAKMKGYPHWPARIDEMPEAAVKSTANKYQVFFFGTHETAFLGPKDLFPYEESKEKFGKPNKRKGFSEGLWEIENNPTVKASGYQSSQKKSCVEEPEPEPEAAEGDGDKKGNAEGSSDEEGKLVIDEPAKEKNEKGALKRRAGDLLEDSPKRPKEAENPEGEEKEAATLEVERPLPMEVEKNSTPSEPGSGRGPPQEEEEEEDEEEEATKEDAEAPGIRDHESL HDGF family [Isoform 1]: Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Has mitogenic activity for fibroblasts. Heparin-binding protein. [Isoform 2]: Does not have mitogenic activity for fibroblasts. Does not bind heparin. [Isoform 3]: Has mitogenic activity for fibroblasts. Heparin-binding protein. M6ATAR00283 Hexokinase-2 (HK2) Hexokinase type II; HK II; Hexokinase-B; Muscle form hexokinase HXK2_HUMAN hsa:3099 HGNC:4923 . ENSG00000159399 3099 HK2 Protein coding 2p12 MIASHLLAYFFTELNHDQVQKVDQYLYHMRLSDETLLEISKRFRKEMEKGLGATTHPTAAVKMLPTFVRSTPDGTEHGEFLALDLGGTNFRVLWVKVTDNGLQKVEMENQIYAIPEDIMRGSGTQLFDHIAECLANFMDKLQIKDKKLPLGFTFSFPCHQTKLDESFLVSWTKGFKSSGVEGRDVVALIRKAIQRRGDFDIDIVAVVNDTVGTMMTCGYDDHNCEIGLIVGTGSNACYMEEMRHIDMVEGDEGRMCINMEWGAFGDDGSLNDIRTEFDQEIDMGSLNPGKQLFEKMISGMYMGELVRLILVKMAKEELLFGGKLSPELLNTGRFETKDISDIEGEKDGIRKAREVLMRLGLDPTQEDCVATHRICQIVSTRSASLCAATLAAVLQRIKENKGEERLRSTIGVDGSVYKKHPHFAKRLHKTVRRLVPGCDVRFLRSEDGSGKGAAMVTAVAYRLADQHRARQKTLEHLQLSHDQLLEVKRRMKVEMERGLSKETHASAPVKMLPTYVCATPDGTEKGDFLALDLGGTNFRVLLVRVRNGKWGGVEMHNKIYAIPQEVMHGTGDELFDHIVQCIADFLEYMGMKGVSLPLGFTFSFPCQQNSLDESILLKWTKGFKASGCEGEDVVTLLKEAIHRREEFDLDVVAVVNDTVGTMMTCGFEDPHCEVGLIVGTGSNACYMEEMRNVELVEGEEGRMCVNMEWGAFGDNGCLDDFRTEFDVAVDELSLNPGKQRFEKMISGMYLGEIVRNILIDFTKRGLLFRGRISERLKTRGIFETKFLSQIESDCLALLQVRAILQHLGLESTCDDSIIVKEVCTVVARRAAQLCGAGMAAVVDRIRENRGLDALKVTVGVDGTLYKLHPHFAKVMHETVKDLAPKCDVSFLQSEDGSGKGAALITAVACRIREAGQR hexokinase family Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose and D-fructose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate, respectively). Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate. Plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of the outer mitochondrial membrane by preventing the release of apoptogenic molecules from the intermembrane space and subsequent apoptosis. M6ATAR00277 High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) High mobility group protein 1; HMG-1; HMG1 HMGB1_HUMAN hsa:3146 HGNC:4983 . ENSG00000189403 3146 HMGB1 Protein coding 13q12.3 MGKGDPKKPRGKMSSYAFFVQTCREEHKKKHPDASVNFSEFSKKCSERWKTMSAKEKGKFEDMAKADKARYEREMKTYIPPKGETKKKFKDPNAPKRPPSAFFLFCSEYRPKIKGEHPGLSIGDVAKKLGEMWNNTAADDKQPYEKKAAKLKEKYEKDIAAYRAKGKPDAAKKGVVKAEKSKKKKEEEEDEEDEEDEEEEEDEEDEDEEEDDDDE HMGB family Multifunctional redox sensitive protein with various roles in different cellular compartments. In the nucleus is one of the major chromatin-associated non-histone proteins and acts as a DNA chaperone involved in replication, transcription, chromatin remodeling, V(D)J recombination, DNA repair and genome stability (Ref.71). Proposed to be an universal biosensor for nucleic acids. Promotes host inflammatory response to sterile and infectious signals and is involved in the coordination and integration of innate and adaptive immune responses. In the cytoplasm functions as sensor and/or chaperone for immunogenic nucleic acids implicating the activation of TLR9-mediated immune responses, and mediates autophagy. Acts as danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule that amplifies immune responses during tissue injury. Released to the extracellular environment can bind DNA, nucleosomes, IL-1 beta, CXCL12, AGER isoform 2/sRAGE, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and activates cells through engagement of multiple surface receptors. In the extracellular compartment fully reduced HMGB1 (released by necrosis) acts as a chemokine, disulfide HMGB1 (actively secreted) as a cytokine, and sulfonyl HMGB1 (released from apoptotic cells) promotes immunological tolerance. Has proangiogdenic activity (By similarity). May be involved in platelet activation (By similarity). Binds to phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamide (By similarity). Bound to RAGE mediates signaling for neuronal outgrowth (By similarity). May play a role in accumulation of expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) proteins such as huntingtin (HTT) or TBP. Nuclear functions are attributed to fully reduced HGMB1. Associates with chromatin and binds DNA with a preference to non-canonical DNA structures such as single-stranded DNA, DNA-containing cruciforms or bent structures, supercoiled DNA and ZDNA. Can bent DNA and enhance DNA flexibility by looping thus providing a mechanism to promote activities on various gene promoters by enhancing transcription factor binding and/or bringing distant regulatory sequences into close proximity. May have an enhancing role in nucleotide excision repair (NER) (By similarity). However, effects in NER using in vitro systems have been reported conflictingly. May be involved in mismatch repair (MMR) and base excision repair (BER) pathways. May be involved in double strand break repair such as non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) (By similarity). Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex: acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS) (By similarity). In vitro can displace histone H1 from highly bent DNA (By similarity). Can restructure the canonical nucleosome leading to relaxation of structural constraints for transcription factor-binding (By similarity). Enhances binding of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) such as SREBF1 to their cognate DNA sequences and increases their transcriptional activities (By similarity). Facilitates binding of TP53 to DNA. Proposed to be involved in mitochondrial quality control and autophagy in a transcription-dependent fashion implicating HSPB1; however, this function has been questioned (By similarity). Can modulate the activity of the telomerase complex and may be involved in telomere maintenance (By similarity). In the cytoplasm proposed to dissociate the BECN1:BCL2 complex via competitive interaction with BECN1 leading to autophagy activation. Involved in oxidative stress-mediated autophagy. Can protect BECN1 and ATG5 from calpain-mediated cleavage and thus proposed to control their proautophagic and proapoptotic functions and to regulate the extent and severity of inflammation-associated cellular injury (By similarity). In myeloid cells has a protective role against endotoxemia and bacterial infection by promoting autophagy (By similarity). Involved in endosomal translocation and activation of TLR9 in response to CpG-DNA in macrophages (By similarity). In the extracellular compartment (following either active secretion or passive release) involved in regulation of the inflammatory response. Fully reduced HGMB1 (which subsequently gets oxidized after release) in association with CXCL12 mediates the recruitment of inflammatory cells during the initial phase of tissue injury; the CXCL12:HMGB1 complex triggers CXCR4 homodimerization. Induces the migration of monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells and seems to regulate adhesive and migratory functions of neutrophils implicating AGER/RAGE and ITGAM (By similarity). Can bind to various types of DNA and RNA including microbial unmethylated CpG-DNA to enhance the innate immune response to nucleic acids. Proposed to act in promiscuous DNA/RNA sensing which cooperates with subsequent discriminative sensing by specific pattern recognition receptors (By similarity). Promotes extracellular DNA-induced AIM2 inflammasome activation implicating AGER/RAGE. Disulfide HMGB1 binds to transmembrane receptors, such as AGER/RAGE, TLR2, TLR4 and probably TREM1, thus activating their signal transduction pathways. Mediates the release of cytokines/chemokines such as TNF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL10. Promotes secretion of interferon-gamma by macrophage-stimulated natural killer (NK) cells in concert with other cytokines like IL-2 or IL-12. TLR4 is proposed to be the primary receptor promoting macrophage activation and signaling through TLR4 seems to implicate LY96/MD-2. In bacterial LPS- or LTA-mediated inflammatory responses binds to the endotoxins and transfers them to CD14 for signaling to the respective TLR4:LY96 and TLR2 complexes. Contributes to tumor proliferation by association with ACER/RAGE (By similarity). Can bind to IL1-beta and signals through the IL1R1:IL1RAP receptor complex. Binding to class A CpG activates cytokine production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells implicating TLR9, MYD88 and AGER/RAGE and can activate autoreactive B cells. Via HMGB1-containing chromatin immune complexes may also promote B cell responses to endogenous TLR9 ligands through a B-cell receptor (BCR)-dependent and ACER/RAGE-independent mechanism (By similarity). Inhibits phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages; the function is dependent on poly-ADP-ribosylation and involves binding to phosphatidylserine on the cell surface of apoptotic cells (By similarity). In adaptive immunity may be involved in enhancing immunity through activation of effector T cells and suppression of regulatory T (TReg) cells. In contrast, without implicating effector or regulatory T-cells, required for tumor infiltration and activation of T-cells expressing the lymphotoxin LTA:LTB heterotrimer thus promoting tumor malignant progression (By similarity). Also reported to limit proliferation of T-cells (By similarity). Released HMGB1:nucleosome complexes formed during apoptosis can signal through TLR2 to induce cytokine production. Involved in induction of immunological tolerance by apoptotic cells; its pro-inflammatory activities when released by apoptotic cells are neutralized by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent oxidation specifically on Cys-106. During macrophage activation by activated lymphocyte-derived self apoptotic DNA (ALD-DNA) promotes recruitment of ALD-DNA to endosomes (By similarity). (Microbial infection) Critical for entry of human coronaviruses SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, as well as human coronavirus NL63/HCoV-NL63. Regulates the expression of the pro-viral genes ACE2 and CTSL through chromatin modulation. M6ATAR00476 High mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y (HMGA1) HMG-I(Y); High mobility group AT-hook protein 1; High mobility group protein A1; High mobility group protein R; HMGIY HMGA1_HUMAN hsa:3159 HGNC:5010 . ENSG00000137309 26574 HMGA1 Protein coding . MSESSSKSSQPLASKQEKDGTEKRGRGRPRKQPPVSPGTALVGSQKEPSEVPTPKRPRGRPKGSKNKGAAKTRKTTTTPGRKPRGRPKKLEKEEEEGISQESSEEEQ HMGA family. {ECO:0000305}. HMG-I/Y bind preferentially to the minor groove of A+T rich regions in double-stranded DNA. It is suggested that these proteins could function in nucleosome phasing and in the 3'-end processing of mRNA transcripts. They are also involved in the transcription regulation of genes containing, or in close proximity to A+T-rich regions. M6ATAR00276 High mobility group protein HMGI-C (HMGA2) High mobility group AT-hook protein 2; HMGIC HMGA2_HUMAN hsa:8091 HGNC:5009 . ENSG00000149948 8091 HMGA2 Protein coding 12q14.3 MSARGEGAGQPSTSAQGQPAAPAPQKRGRGRPRKQQQEPTGEPSPKRPRGRPKGSKNKSPSKAAQKKAEATGEKRPRGRPRKWPQQVVQKKPAQEETEETSSQESAEED HMGA family Functions as a transcriptional regulator. Functions in cell cycle regulation through CCNA2. Plays an important role in chromosome condensation during the meiotic G2/M transition of spermatocytes. Plays a role in postnatal myogenesis, is involved in satellite cell activation (By similarity). Positively regulates IGF2 expression through PLAG1 and in a PLAG1-independent manner. M6ATAR00768 Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) KIAA0288; Histone deacetylase 4; HD4; EC 3.5.1.98 HDAC4_HUMAN hsa:9759 HGNC:14063 . ENSG00000068024.18 9759 HDAC4 Protein coding 2q37.3 MSSQSHPDGLSGRDQPVELLNPARVNHMPSTVDVATALPLQVAPSAVPMDLRLDHQFSLPVAEPALREQQLQQELLALKQKQQIQRQILIAEFQRQHEQLSRQHEAQLHEHIKQQQEMLAMKHQQELLEHQRKLERHRQEQELEKQHREQKLQQLKNKEKGKESAVASTEVKMKLQEFVLNKKKALAHRNLNHCISSDPRYWYGKTQHSSLDQSSPPQSGVSTSYNHPVLGMYDAKDDFPLRKTASEPNLKLRSRLKQKVAERRSSPLLRRKDGPVVTALKKRPLDVTDSACSSAPGSGPSSPNNSSGSVSAENGIAPAVPSIPAETSLAHRLVAREGSAAPLPLYTSPSLPNITLGLPATGPSAGTAGQQDAERLTLPALQQRLSLFPGTHLTPYLSTSPLERDGGAAHSPLLQHMVLLEQPPAQAPLVTGLGALPLHAQSLVGADRVSPSIHKLRQHRPLGRTQSAPLPQNAQALQHLVIQQQHQQFLEKHKQQFQQQQLQMNKIIPKPSEPARQPESHPEETEEELREHQALLDEPYLDRLPGQKEAHAQAGVQVKQEPIESDEEEAEPPREVEPGQRQPSEQELLFRQQALLLEQQRIHQLRNYQASMEAAGIPVSFGGHRPLSRAQSSPASATFPVSVQEPPTKPRFTTGLVYDTLMLKHQCTCGSSSSHPEHAGRIQSIWSRLQETGLRGKCECIRGRKATLEELQTVHSEAHTLLYGTNPLNRQKLDSKKLLGSLASVFVRLPCGGVGVDSDTIWNEVHSAGAARLAVGCVVELVFKVATGELKNGFAVVRPPGHHAEESTPMGFCYFNSVAVAAKLLQQRLSVSKILIVDWDVHHGNGTQQAFYSDPSVLYMSLHRYDDGNFFPGSGAPDEVGTGPGVGFNVNMAFTGGLDPPMGDAEYLAAFRTVVMPIASEFAPDVVLVSSGFDAVEGHPTPLGGYNLSARCFGYLTKQLMGLAGGRIVLALEGGHDLTAICDASEACVSALLGNELDPLPEKVLQQRPNANAVRSMEKVMEIHSKYWRCLQRTTSTAGRSLIEAQTCENEEAETVTAMASLSVGVKPAEKRPDEEPMEEEPPL Histone deacetylase family, HD type 2 subfamily Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Involved in muscle maturation via its interaction with the myocyte enhancer factors such as MEF2A, MEF2C and MEF2D. Involved in the MTA1-mediated epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer. Deacetylates HSPA1A and HSPA1B at 'Lys-77' leading to their preferential binding to co-chaperone STUB1. M6ATAR00688 Histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) HD5; Antigen NY-CO-9 HDAC5_HUMAN hsa:10014 HGNC:14068 . ENSG00000108840 10014 HDAC5 Protein coding 17q21.31 MNSPNESDGMSGREPSLEILPRTSLHSIPVTVEVKPVLPRAMPSSMGGGGGGSPSPVELRGALVGSVDPTLREQQLQQELLALKQQQQLQKQLLFAEFQKQHDHLTRQHEVQLQKHLKQQQEMLAAKQQQEMLAAKRQQELEQQRQREQQRQEELEKQRLEQQLLILRNKEKSKESAIASTEVKLRLQEFLLSKSKEPTPGGLNHSLPQHPKCWGAHHASLDQSSPPQSGPPGTPPSYKLPLPGPYDSRDDFPLRKTASEPNLKVRSRLKQKVAERRSSPLLRRKDGTVISTFKKRAVEITGAGPGASSVCNSAPGSGPSSPNSSHSTIAENGFTGSVPNIPTEMLPQHRALPLDSSPNQFSLYTSPSLPNISLGLQATVTVTNSHLTASPKLSTQQEAERQALQSLRQGGTLTGKFMSTSSIPGCLLGVALEGDGSPHGHASLLQHVLLLEQARQQSTLIAVPLHGQSPLVTGERVATSMRTVGKLPRHRPLSRTQSSPLPQSPQALQQLVMQQQHQQFLEKQKQQQLQLGKILTKTGELPRQPTTHPEETEEELTEQQEVLLGEGALTMPREGSTESESTQEDLEEEDEEDDGEEEEDCIQVKDEEGESGAEEGPDLEEPGAGYKKLFSDAQPLQPLQVYQAPLSLATVPHQALGRTQSSPAAPGGMKSPPDQPVKHLFTTGVVYDTFMLKHQCMCGNTHVHPEHAGRIQSIWSRLQETGLLSKCERIRGRKATLDEIQTVHSEYHTLLYGTSPLNRQKLDSKKLLGPISQKMYAVLPCGGIGVDSDTVWNEMHSSSAVRMAVGCLLELAFKVAAGELKNGFAIIRPPGHHAEESTAMGFCFFNSVAITAKLLQQKLNVGKVLIVDWDIHHGNGTQQAFYNDPSVLYISLHRYDNGNFFPGSGAPEEVGGGPGVGYNVNVAWTGGVDPPIGDVEYLTAFRTVVMPIAHEFSPDVVLVSAGFDAVEGHLSPLGGYSVTARCFGHLTRQLMTLAGGRVVLALEGGHDLTAICDASEACVSALLSVELQPLDEAVLQQKPNINAVATLEKVIEIQSKHWSCVQKFAAGLGRSLREAQAGETEEAETVSAMALLSVGAEQAQAAAAREHSPRPAEEPMEQEPAL Histone deacetylase family, HD type 2 subfamily Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Involved in muscle maturation by repressing transcription of myocyte enhancer MEF2C. During muscle differentiation, it shuttles into the cytoplasm, allowing the expression of myocyte enhancer factors. Involved in the MTA1-mediated epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer. Serves as a corepressor of RARA and causes its deacetylation. In association with RARA, plays a role in the repression of microRNA-10a and thereby in the inflammatory response. M6ATAR00460 Histone H2AX (H2AX) H2a/x; Histone H2A.X; H2AFX H2AX_HUMAN hsa:3014 HGNC:4739 . ENSG00000188486 3014 H2AX Protein coding . MSGRGKTGGKARAKAKSRSSRAGLQFPVGRVHRLLRKGHYAERVGAGAPVYLAAVLEYLTAEILELAGNAARDNKKTRIIPRHLQLAIRNDEELNKLLGGVTIAQGGVLPNIQAVLLPKKTSATVGPKAPSGGKKATQASQEY histone H2A family. {ECO:0000305}. Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Required for checkpoint-mediated arrest of cell cycle progression in response to low doses of ionizing radiation and for efficient repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) specifically when modified by C-terminal phosphorylation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10959836, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12419185, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12607005, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15201865, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17709392, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26438602}. M6ATAR00669 Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2 (G9a) Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2; HLA-B-associated transcript 8; Histone H3-K9 methyltransferase 3; H3-K9-HMTase 3; Lysine N-methyltransferase 1C; Protein G9a EHMT2_HUMAN hsa:10919 HGNC:14129 . ENSG00000204371; ENSG00000206376; ENSG00000227333; ENSG00000232045; ENSG00000236759; ENSG00000238134 10919 G9a Protein coding 6p21.33 MAAAAGAAAAAAAEGEAPAEMGALLLEKETRGATERVHGSLGDTPRSEETLPKATPDSLEPAGPSSPASVTVTVGDEGADTPVGATPLIGDESENLEGDGDLRGGRILLGHATKSFPSSPSKGGSCPSRAKMSMTGAGKSPPSVQSLAMRLLSMPGAQGAAAAGSEPPPATTSPEGQPKVHRARKTMSKPGNGQPPVPEKRPPEIQHFRMSDDVHSLGKVTSDLAKRRKLNSGGGLSEELGSARRSGEVTLTKGDPGSLEEWETVVGDDFSLYYDSYSVDERVDSDSKSEVEALTEQLSEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEDEESGNQSDRSGSSGRRKAKKKWRKDSPWVKPSRKRRKREPPRAKEPRGVNGVGSSGPSEYMEVPLGSLELPSEGTLSPNHAGVSNDTSSLETERGFEELPLCSCRMEAPKIDRISERAGHKCMATESVDGELSGCNAAILKRETMRPSSRVALMVLCETHRARMVKHHCCPGCGYFCTAGTFLECHPDFRVAHRFHKACVSQLNGMVFCPHCGEDASEAQEVTIPRGDGVTPPAGTAAPAPPPLSQDVPGRADTSQPSARMRGHGEPRRPPCDPLADTIDSSGPSLTLPNGGCLSAVGLPLGPGREALEKALVIQESERRKKLRFHPRQLYLSVKQGELQKVILMLLDNLDPNFQSDQQSKRTPLHAAAQKGSVEICHVLLQAGANINAVDKQQRTPLMEAVVNNHLEVARYMVQRGGCVYSKEEDGSTCLHHAAKIGNLEMVSLLLSTGQVDVNAQDSGGWTPIIWAAEHKHIEVIRMLLTRGADVTLTDNEENICLHWASFTGSAAIAEVLLNARCDLHAVNYHGDTPLHIAARESYHDCVLLFLSRGANPELRNKEGDTAWDLTPERSDVWFALQLNRKLRLGVGNRAIRTEKIICRDVARGYENVPIPCVNGVDGEPCPEDYKYISENCETSTMNIDRNITHLQHCTCVDDCSSSNCLCGQLSIRCWYDKDGRLLQEFNKIEPPLIFECNQACSCWRNCKNRVVQSGIKVRLQLYRTAKMGWGVRALQTIPQGTFICEYVGELISDAEADVREDDSYLFDLDNKDGEVYCIDARYYGNISRFINHLCDPNIIPVRVFMLHQDLRFPRIAFFSSRDIRTGEELGFDYGDRFWDIKSKYFTCQCGSEKCKHSAEAIALEQSRLARLDPHPELLPELGSLPPVNT Class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily, Histone-lysine methyltransferase family, Suvar3-9 subfamily Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono- and dimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2, respectively) in euchromatin. H3K9me represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 proteins to methylated histones. Also mediates monomethylation of 'Lys-56' of histone H3 (H3K56me1) in G1 phase, leading to promote interaction between histone H3 and PCNA and regulating DNA replication. Also weakly methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). Also required for DNA methylation, the histone methyltransferase activity is not required for DNA methylation, suggesting that these 2 activities function independently. Probably targeted to histone H3 by different DNA-binding proteins like E2F6, MGA, MAX and/or DP1. May also methylate histone H1. In addition to the histone methyltransferase activity, also methylates non-histone proteins: mediates dimethylation of 'Lys-373' of p53/TP53. Also methylates CDYL, WIZ, ACIN1, DNMT1, HDAC1, ERCC6, KLF12 and itself. M6ATAR00249 Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 (EZH2) ENX-1; Enhancer of zeste homolog 2; Lysine N-methyltransferase 6; KMT6 EZH2_HUMAN hsa:2146 HGNC:3527 . ENSG00000106462 2146 EZH2 Protein coding 7q36.1 MGQTGKKSEKGPVCWRKRVKSEYMRLRQLKRFRRADEVKSMFSSNRQKILERTEILNQEWKQRRIQPVHILTSVSSLRGTRECSVTSDLDFPTQVIPLKTLNAVASVPIMYSWSPLQQNFMVEDETVLHNIPYMGDEVLDQDGTFIEELIKNYDGKVHGDRECGFINDEIFVELVNALGQYNDDDDDDDGDDPEEREEKQKDLEDHRDDKESRPPRKFPSDKIFEAISSMFPDKGTAEELKEKYKELTEQQLPGALPPECTPNIDGPNAKSVQREQSLHSFHTLFCRRCFKYDCFLHPFHATPNTYKRKNTETALDNKPCGPQCYQHLEGAKEFAAALTAERIKTPPKRPGGRRRGRLPNNSSRPSTPTINVLESKDTDSDREAGTETGGENNDKEEEEKKDETSSSSEANSRCQTPIKMKPNIEPPENVEWSGAEASMFRVLIGTYYDNFCAIARLIGTKTCRQVYEFRVKESSIIAPAPAEDVDTPPRKKKRKHRLWAAHCRKIQLKKDGSSNHVYNYQPCDHPRQPCDSSCPCVIAQNFCEKFCQCSSECQNRFPGCRCKAQCNTKQCPCYLAVRECDPDLCLTCGAADHWDSKNVSCKNCSIQRGSKKHLLLAPSDVAGWGIFIKDPVQKNEFISEYCGEIISQDEADRRGKVYDKYMCSFLFNLNNDFVVDATRKGNKIRFANHSVNPNCYAKVMMVNGDHRIGIFAKRAIQTGEELFFDYRYSQADALKYVGIEREMEIP class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily; Histone-lysine methyltransferase family; EZ subfamily Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Able to mono-, di- and trimethylate 'Lys-27' of histone H3 to form H3K27me1, H3K27me2 and H3K27me3, respectively. Displays a preference for substrates with less methylation, loses activity when progressively more methyl groups are incorporated into H3K27, H3K27me0 > H3K27me1 > H3K27me2. Compared to EZH1-containing complexes, it is more abundant in embryonic stem cells and plays a major role in forming H3K27me3, which is required for embryonic stem cell identity and proper differentiation. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1, CDKN2A and retinoic acid target genes. EZH2 can also methylate non-histone proteins such as the transcription factor GATA4 and the nuclear receptor RORA. Regulates the circadian clock via histone methylation at the promoter of the circadian genes. Essential for the CRY1/2-mediated repression of the transcriptional activation of PER1/2 by the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer; involved in the di and trimethylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 on PER1/2 promoters which is necessary for the CRY1/2 proteins to inhibit transcription. M6ATAR00390 Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD7 (SETD7) Histone H3-K4 methyltransferase SETD7; H3-K4-HMTase SETD7; Lysine N-methyltransferase 7; SET domain-containing protein 7; SET7/9; KIAA1717; KMT7; SET7; SET9 SETD7_HUMAN hsa:80854 HGNC:30412 . ENSG00000145391 80854 SETD7 Protein coding 4q31.1 MDSDDEMVEEAVEGHLDDDGLPHGFCTVTYSSTDRFEGNFVHGEKNGRGKFFFFDGSTLEGYYVDDALQGQGVYTYEDGGVLQGTYVDGELNGPAQEYDTDGRLIFKGQYKDNIRHGVCWIYYPDGGSLVGEVNEDGEMTGEKIAYVYPDERTALYGKFIDGEMIEGKLATLMSTEEGRPHFELMPGNSVYHFDKSTSSCISTNALLPDPYESERVYVAESLISSAGEGLFSKVAVGPNTVMSFYNGVRITHQEVDSRDWALNGNTLSLDEETVIDVPEPYNHVSKYCASLGHKANHSFTPNCIYDMFVHPRFGPIKCIRTLRAVEADEELTVAYGYDHSPPGKSGPEAPEWYQVELKAFQATQQK class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily; Histone-lysine methyltransferase family; SET7 subfamily Histone methyltransferase that specifically monomethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3. H3 'Lys-4' methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Plays a central role in the transcriptional activation of genes such as collagenase or insulin. Recruited by IPF1/PDX-1 to the insulin promoter, leading to activate transcription. Has also methyltransferase activity toward non-histone proteins such as p53/TP53, TAF10, and possibly TAF7 by recognizing and binding the [KR]-[STA]-K in substrate proteins. Monomethylates 'Lys-189' of TAF10, leading to increase the affinity of TAF10 for RNA polymerase II. Monomethylates 'Lys-372' of p53/TP53, stabilizing p53/TP53 and increasing p53/TP53-mediated transcriptional activation. M6ATAR00147 HLA complex group 11 (HCG11) HCG11; HLA complex group 11; HLA complex group 11 (non-protein coding); bK14H9.3; FLJ14049; FLJ30357 . . HGNC:17707 . ENSG00000228223 493812 HCG11 LncRNA 6p22.2 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00603 Homeobox protein Hox-A1 (HOXA1) Homeobox protein Hox-1F HXA1_HUMAN hsa:3198 HGNC:5099 . . 3198 HOXA1 Protein coding 7p15.2 MDNARMNSFLEYPILSSGDSGTCSARAYPSDHRITTFQSCAVSANSCGGDDRFLVGRGVQIGSPHHHHHHHHHHPQPATYQTSGNLGVSYSHSSCGPSYGSQNFSAPYSPYALNQEADVSGGYPQCAPAVYSGNLSSPMVQHHHHHQGYAGGAVGSPQYIHHSYGQEHQSLALATYNNSLSPLHASHQEACRSPASETSSPAQTFDWMKVKRNPPKTGKVGEYGYLGQPNAVRTNFTTKQLTELEKEFHFNKYLTRARRVEIAASLQLNETQVKIWFQNRRMKQKKREKEGLLPISPATPPGNDEKAEESSEKSSSSPCVPSPGSSTSDTLTTSH Antp homeobox family, Labial subfamily Sequence-specific transcription factor (By similarity). Regulates multiple developmental processes including brainstem, inner and outer ear, abducens nerve and cardiovascular development and morphogenesis as well as cognition and behavior. Also part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Acts on the anterior body structures. Seems to act in the maintenance and/or generation of hindbrain segments (By similarity). Activates transcription in the presence of PBX1A and PKNOX1 (By similarity). M6ATAR00491 Homeobox protein Hox-B13 (HOXB13) . HXB13_HUMAN hsa:10481 HGNC:5112 . ENSG00000159184 10481 HOXB13 Protein coding 17q21.32 MEPGNYATLDGAKDIEGLLGAGGGRNLVAHSPLTSHPAAPTLMPAVNYAPLDLPGSAEPPKQCHPCPGVPQGTSPAPVPYGYFGGGYYSCRVSRSSLKPCAQAATLAAYPAETPTAGEEYPSRPTEFAFYPGYPGTYQPMASYLDVSVVQTLGAPGEPRHDSLLPVDSYQSWALAGGWNSQMCCQGEQNPPGPFWKAAFADSSGQHPPDACAFRRGRKKRIPYSKGQLRELEREYAANKFITKDKRRKISAATSLSERQITIWFQNRRVKEKKVLAKVKNSATP Abd-B homeobox family Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds preferentially to methylated DNA. M6ATAR00282 Homeobox protein Hox-B4 (HOXB4) Homeobox protein Hox-2.6; Homeobox protein Hox-2F; HOX2F HXB4_HUMAN hsa:3214 HGNC:5115 . ENSG00000182742 3214 HOXB4 Protein coding 17q21.32 MAMSSFLINSNYVDPKFPPCEEYSQSDYLPSDHSPGYYAGGQRRESSFQPEAGFGRRAACTVQRYAACRDPGPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPGLSPRAPAPPPAGALLPEPGQRCEAVSSSPPPPPCAQNPLHPSPSHSACKEPVVYPWMRKVHVSTVNPNYAGGEPKRSRTAYTRQQVLELEKEFHYNRYLTRRRRVEIAHALCLSERQIKIWFQNRRMKWKKDHKLPNTKIRSGGAAGSAGGPPGRPNGGPRAL Antp homeobox family; Deformed subfamily Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. M6ATAR00344 Homeobox protein NANOG (NANOG) Homeobox transcription factor Nanog; hNanog NANOG_HUMAN hsa:79923 HGNC:20857 . ENSG00000111704 79923 NANOG Protein coding 12p13.31 MSVDPACPQSLPCFEASDCKESSPMPVICGPEENYPSLQMSSAEMPHTETVSPLPSSMDLLIQDSPDSSTSPKGKQPTSAEKSVAKKEDKVPVKKQKTRTVFSSTQLCVLNDRFQRQKYLSLQQMQELSNILNLSYKQVKTWFQNQRMKSKRWQKNNWPKNSNGVTQKASAPTYPSLYSSYHQGCLVNPTGNLPMWSNQTWNNSTWSNQTQNIQSWSNHSWNTQTWCTQSWNNQAWNSPFYNCGEESLQSCMQFQPNSPASDLEAALEAAGEGLNVIQQTTRYFSTPQTMDLFLNYSMNMQPEDV Nanog homeobox family Transcription regulator involved in inner cell mass and embryonic stem (ES) cells proliferation and self-renewal. Imposes pluripotency on ES cells and prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm lineages. Blocks bone morphogenetic protein-induced mesoderm differentiation of ES cells by physically interacting with SMAD1 and interfering with the recruitment of coactivators to the active SMAD transcriptional complexes. Acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor. Binds optimally to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-TAAT[GT][GT]-3' or 5'-[CG][GA][CG]C[GC]ATTAN[GC]-3'. Binds to the POU5F1/OCT4 promoter. Able to autorepress its expression in differentiating (ES) cells: binds to its own promoter following interaction with ZNF281/ZFP281, leading to recruitment of the NuRD complex and subsequent repression of expression. When overexpressed, promotes cells to enter into S phase and proliferation. M6ATAR00625 Homeobox protein Nkx-3.1 (NKX3-1) Homeobox protein NK-3 homolog A NKX31_HUMAN hsa:4824 HGNC:7838 . ENSG00000167034 4824 NKX3-1 Protein coding 8p21.2 MLRVPEPRPGEAKAEGAAPPTPSKPLTSFLIQDILRDGAQRQGGRTSSQRQRDPEPEPEPEPEGGRSRAGAQNDQLSTGPRAAPEEAETLAETEPERHLGSYLLDSENTSGALPRLPQTPKQPQKRSRAAFSHTQVIELERKFSHQKYLSAPERAHLAKNLKLTETQVKIWFQNRRYKTKRKQLSSELGDLEKHSSLPALKEEAFSRASLVSVYNSYPYYPYLYCVGSWSPAFW NK-3 homeobox family Transcription factor, which binds preferentially the consensus sequence 5'-TAAGT[AG]-3' and can behave as a transcriptional repressor. Plays an important role in normal prostate development, regulating proliferation of glandular epithelium and in the formation of ducts in prostate. Acts as a tumor suppressor controlling prostate carcinogenesis, as shown by the ability to inhibit proliferation and invasion activities of PC-3 prostate cancer cells. M6ATAR00631 Homeobox-containing protein 1 (HMBOX1) Homeobox telomere-binding protein 1; Telomere-associated homeobox-containing protein 1 HMBX1_HUMAN hsa:79618 HGNC:26137 . ENSG00000147421 79618 HMBOX1 Protein coding 8p21.1-p12 MLSSFPVVLLETMSHYTDEPRFTIEQIDLLQRLRRTGMTKHEILHALETLDRLDQEHSDKFGRRSSYGGSSYGNSTNNVPASSSTATASTQTQHSGMSPSPSNSYDTSPQPCTTNQNGRENNERLSTSNGKMSPTRYHANSMGQRSYSFEASEEDLDVDDKVEELMRRDSSVIKEEIKAFLANRRISQAVVAQVTGISQSRISHWLLQQGSDLSEQKKRAFYRWYQLEKTNPGATLSMRPAPIPIEDPEWRQTPPPVSATSGTFRLRRGSRFTWRKECLAVMESYFNENQYPDEAKREEIANACNAVIQKPGKKLSDLERVTSLKVYNWFANRRKEIKRRANIEAAILESHGIDVQSPGGHSNSDDVDGNDYSEQDDSTSHSDHQDPISLAVEMAAVNHTILALARQGANEIKTEALDDD . Binds directly to 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeats in telomeric DNA. Associates with the telomerase complex at sites of active telomere processing and positively regulates telomere elongation. Important for TERT binding to chromatin, indicating a role in recruitment of the telomerase complex to telomeres (By similarity). Also plays a role in the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway in telomerase-negative cells where it promotes formation and/or maintenance of ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia bodies (APBs). Enhances formation of telomere C-circles in ALT cells, suggesting a possible role in telomere recombination. Might also be involved in the DNA damage response at telomeres. M6ATAR00473 Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) hHIPk2 HIPK2_HUMAN hsa:28996 HGNC:14402 . ENSG00000064393 28996 HIPK2 Protein coding . MAPVYEGMASHVQVFSPHTLQSSAFCSVKKLKIEPSSNWDMTGYGSHSKVYSQSKNIPLSQPATTTVSTSLPVPNPSLPYEQTIVFPGSTGHIVVTSASSTSVTGQVLGGPHNLMRRSTVSLLDTYQKCGLKRKSEEIENTSSVQIIEEHPPMIQNNASGATVATATTSTATSKNSGSNSEGDYQLVQHEVLCSMTNTYEVLEFLGRGTFGQVVKCWKRGTNEIVAIKILKNHPSYARQGQIEVSILARLSTESADDYNFVRAYECFQHKNHTCLVFEMLEQNLYDFLKQNKFSPLPLKYIRPVLQQVATALMKLKSLGLIHADLKPENIMLVDPSRQPYRVKVIDFGSASHVSKAVCSTYLQSRYYRAPEIILGLPFCEAIDMWSLGCVIAELFLGWPLYPGASEYDQIRYISQTQGLPAEYLLSAGTKTTRFFNRDTDSPYPLWRLKTPDDHEAETGIKSKEARKYIFNCLDDMAQVNMTTDLEGSDMLVEKADRREFIDLLKKMLTIDADKRITPIETLNHPFVTMTHLLDFPHSTHVKSCFQNMEICKRRVNMYDTVNQSKTPFITHVAPSTSTNLTMTFNNQLTTVHNQAPSSTSATISLANPEVSILNYPSTLYQPSAASMAAVAQRSMPLQTGTAQICARPDPFQQALIVCPPGFQGLQASPSKHAGYSVRMENAVPIVTQAPGAQPLQIQPGLLAQQAWPSGTQQILLPPAWQQLTGVATHTSVQHATVIPETMAGTQQLADWRNTHAHGSHYNPIMQQPALLTGHVTLPAAQPLNVGVAHVMRQQPTSTTSSRKSKQHQSSVRNVSTCEVSSSQAISSPQRSKRVKENTPPRCAMVHSSPACSTSVTCGWGDVASSTTRERQRQTIVIPDTPSPTVSVITISSDTDEEEEQKHAPTSTVSKQRKNVISCVTVHDSPYSDSSSNTSPYSVQQRAGHNNANAFDTKGSLENHCTGNPRTIIVPPLKTQASEVLVECDSLVPVNTSHHSSSYKSKSSSNVTSTSGHSSGSSSGAITYRQQRPGPHFQQQQPLNLSQAQQHITTDRTGSHRRQQAYITPTMAQAPYSFPHNSPSHGTVHPHLAAAAAAAHLPTQPHLYTYTAPAALGSTGTVAHLVASQGSARHTVQHTAYPASIVHQVPVSMGPRVLPSPTIHPSQYPAQFAHQTYISASPASTVYTGYPLSPAKVNQYPYI protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. HIPK subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in transcription regulation, p53/TP53-mediated cellular apoptosis and regulation of the cell cycle. Acts as a corepressor of several transcription factors, including SMAD1 and POU4F1/Brn3a and probably NK homeodomain transcription factors. Phosphorylates PDX1, ATF1, PML, p53/TP53, CREB1, CTBP1, CBX4, RUNX1, EP300, CTNNB1, HMGA1 and ZBTB4. Inhibits cell growth and promotes apoptosis through the activation of p53/TP53 both at the transcription level and at the protein level (by phosphorylation and indirect acetylation). The phosphorylation of p53/TP53 may be mediated by a p53/TP53-HIPK2-AXIN1 complex. Involved in the response to hypoxia by acting as a transcriptional co-suppressor of HIF1A. Mediates transcriptional activation of TP73. In response to TGFB, cooperates with DAXX to activate JNK. Negative regulator through phosphorylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation of CTNNB1 and the antiapoptotic factor CTBP1. In the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway acts as an intermediate kinase between MAP3K7/TAK1 and NLK to promote the proteasomal degradation of MYB. Phosphorylates CBX4 upon DNA damage and promotes its E3 SUMO-protein ligase activity. Activates CREB1 and ATF1 transcription factors by phosphorylation in response to genotoxic stress. In response to DNA damage, stabilizes PML by phosphorylation. PML, HIPK2 and FBXO3 may act synergically to activate p53/TP53-dependent transactivation. Promotes angiogenesis, and is involved in erythroid differentiation, especially during fetal liver erythropoiesis. Phosphorylation of RUNX1 and EP300 stimulates EP300 transcription regulation activity. Triggers ZBTB4 protein degradation in response to DNA damage. Modulates HMGA1 DNA-binding affinity. In response to high glucose, triggers phosphorylation-mediated subnuclear localization shifting of PDX1. Involved in the regulation of eye size, lens formation and retinal lamination during late embryogenesis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11740489, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11925430, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12851404, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12874272, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14678985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17018294, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17960875, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18695000, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18809579, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19015637, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19046997, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19448668, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20307497, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20573984, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20637728, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20980392, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21192925, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22825850}. M6ATAR00098 HOXC13 antisense RNA (HOXC13-AS) HOXC13-AS; HOXC-AS5; HOXC cluster antisense RNA 5 (non-protein coding); HOXC cluster antisense RNA 5 . . HGNC:43753 . ENSG00000249641 100874366 HOXC13-AS LncRNA 12q13.13 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00097 HOXD antisense growth-associated long non-coding RNA (HAGLR) HAGLR; HOXD-AS1; HOXD cluster antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding); HOXD cluster antisense RNA 1; Mdgt; MIR7704HG; MIR7704 host gene . . HGNC:43755 . ENSG00000224189 401022 HAGLR LncRNA 2q31.1 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00538 HPK/GCK-like kinase HGK (MAP4K4) HPK/GCK-like kinase HGK; MAPK/ERK kinase kinase kinase 4; MEK kinase kinase 4; MEKKK 4; Nck-interacting kinase M4K4_HUMAN hsa:9448 HGNC:6866 . ENSG00000071054 9448 MAP4K4 Protein coding 2q11.2 MANDSPAKSLVDIDLSSLRDPAGIFELVEVVGNGTYGQVYKGRHVKTGQLAAIKVMDVTEDEEEEIKLEINMLKKYSHHRNIATYYGAFIKKSPPGHDDQLWLVMEFCGAGSITDLVKNTKGNTLKEDWIAYISREILRGLAHLHIHHVIHRDIKGQNVLLTENAEVKLVDFGVSAQLDRTVGRRNTFIGTPYWMAPEVIACDENPDATYDYRSDLWSCGITAIEMAEGAPPLCDMHPMRALFLIPRNPPPRLKSKKWSKKFFSFIEGCLVKNYMQRPSTEQLLKHPFIRDQPNERQVRIQLKDHIDRTRKKRGEKDETEYEYSGSEEEEEEVPEQEGEPSSIVNVPGESTLRRDFLRLQQENKERSEALRRQQLLQEQQLREQEEYKRQLLAERQKRIEQQKEQRRRLEEQQRREREARRQQEREQRRREQEEKRRLEELERRRKEEEERRRAEEEKRRVEREQEYIRRQLEEEQRHLEVLQQQLLQEQAMLLECRWREMEEHRQAERLQRQLQQEQAYLLSLQHDHRRPHPQHSQQPPPPQQERSKPSFHAPEPKAHYEPADRAREVEDRFRKTNHSSPEAQSKQTGRVLEPPVPSRSESFSNGNSESVHPALQRPAEPQVPVRTTSRSPVLSRRDSPLQGSGQQNSQAGQRNSTSIEPRLLWERVEKLVPRPGSGSSSGSSNSGSQPGSHPGSQSGSGERFRVRSSSKSEGSPSQRLENAVKKPEDKKEVFRPLKPADLTALAKELRAVEDVRPPHKVTDYSSSSEESGTTDEEDDDVEQEGADESTSGPEDTRAASSLNLSNGETESVKTMIVHDDVESEPAMTPSKEGTLIVRQTQSASSTLQKHKSSSSFTPFIDPRLLQISPSSGTTVTSVVGFSCDGMRPEAIRQDPTRKGSVVNVNPTNTRPQSDTPEIRKYKKRFNSEILCAALWGVNLLVGTESGLMLLDRSGQGKVYPLINRRRFQQMDVLEGLNVLVTISGKKDKLRVYYLSWLRNKILHNDPEVEKKQGWTTVGDLEGCVHYKVVKYERIKFLVIALKSSVEVYAWAPKPYHKFMAFKSFGELVHKPLLVDLTVEEGQRLKVIYGSCAGFHAVDVDSGSVYDIYLPTHIQCSIKPHAIIILPNTDGMELLVCYEDEGVYVNTYGRITKDVVLQWGEMPTSVAYIRSNQTMGWGEKAIEIRSVETGHLDGVFMHKRAQRLKFLCERNDKVFFASVRSGGSSQVYFMTLGRTSLLSW Protein kinase superfamily, STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family, STE20 subfamily Serine/threonine kinase that may play a role in the response to environmental stress and cytokines such as TNF-alpha. Appears to act upstream of the JUN N-terminal pathway. Phosphorylates SMAD1 on Thr-322. M6ATAR00064 hsa_circ_0000231 (circARHGAP12) . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0000231 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00787 hsa_circ_0000417 (circCPSF6) . . . . . . . circCPSF6 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00793 hsa_circ_0000677 . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0000677 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00751 hsa_circ_0004287 . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0004287 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00057 hsa_circ_0004771 (circNRIP1) . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0004771 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00065 hsa_circ_0005630 (circRAB11FIP1) . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0005630 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00067 hsa_circ_0008399 . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0008399 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00495 hsa_circ_0008542 . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0008542 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00058 hsa_circ_0021427 (circHPS5) . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0021427 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00068 hsa_circ_0029589 . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0029589 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00069 hsa_circ_0058493 . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0058493 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00059 hsa_circ_0066779 (circPVRL3) . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0066779 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00061 hsa_circ_0077837 . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0077837 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00070 hsa_circ_0081609 (circCUX1) . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0081609 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00071 hsa_circ_0087293 (SORE) . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0087293 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00062 hsa_circ_0089552 (circNOTCH1) . . . . . . . hsa_circ_0089552 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00072 hsa_circ_0092493 (circ_ARL3) circ-ARL3 . . . . . . hsa_circ_0092493 circRNA . . . . M6ATAR00025 hsa-miR-126-5p . . . . MIMAT0000444 . . hsa-miR-126-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00012 hsa-miR-1266-5p . . . . MIMAT0005920 . . hsa-miR-1266-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00013 hsa-miR-1268a . . . . MIMAT0005922 . . hsa-miR-1268a microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00034 hsa-miR-129-5p . . . . MIMAT0000242 . . hsa-miR-129-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00039 hsa-miR-133a-3p . . . . MIMAT0000427 . . hsa-miR-133a-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00055 hsa-miR-139-3p . . . . MIMAT0004552 . . hsa-miR-139-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00056 hsa-miR-140-3p . . . . MIMAT0004597 . . hsa-miR-140-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00017 hsa-miR-143-3p . . . . MIMAT0000435 . . hsa-miR-143-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00050 hsa-miR-143-3p . . . . MIMAT0000435 . . hsa-miR-143-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00063 hsa-miR-146a-5p . . . . MIMAT0000449 . . hsa-miR-146a-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00035 hsa-miR-150-5p . . . . MIMAT0000451 . . hsa-miR-150-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00030 hsa-mir-181b-1 MIRN181B1 . . HGNC:31550 MI0000270 ENSG00000207975 406955 hsa-mir-181b-1 microRNA 1q32.1 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00540 hsa-miR-181b-3p . . . . MIMAT0022692 . . hsa-miR-181b-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00666 hsa-miR-181d-5p . . . . MIMAT0002821 . . hsa-miR-181d-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00032 hsa-miR-183-3p . . . . MIMAT0004560 . . hsa-miR-183-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00033 hsa-miR-186-5p . . . . MIMAT0000456 . . hsa-miR-186-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00465 hsa-miR-1914-3p . . . . MIMAT0007890 . . hsa-miR-1914-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00641 hsa-miR-1915-3p . . . . MIMAT0007892 . . hsa-miR-1915-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00599 hsa-miR-193b hsa-mir-193bMIRN193B . . HGNC:32087 MI0003137 ENSG00000207639 574455 hsa-miR-193b microRNA 16p13.12 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00040 hsa-miR-199a-5p . . . . MIMAT0000231 . . hsa-miR-199a-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00024 hsa-miR-19a-3p . . . . MIMAT0000073 . . hsa-miR-19a-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00049 hsa-miR-21-5p . . . . MIMAT0000076 . . hsa-miR-21-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00028 hsa-miR-221-3p . . . . MIMAT0000278 . . hsa-miR-221-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00733 hsa-miR-222-3p . . . . MIMAT0000279 . . hsa-miR-222-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00021 hsa-miR-25-3p . . . . MIMAT0000081 . . hsa-miR-25-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00653 hsa-miR-26b hsa-mir-26bMIRN26B . . HGNC:31612 MI0000084 ENSG00000199121 407017 hsa-miR-26b microRNA 2q35 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00010 hsa-miR-29a-3p . . . . MIMAT0000086 . . hsa-miR-29a-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00011 hsa-miR-29b-3p . . . . MIMAT0000100 . . hsa-miR-29b-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00534 hsa-miR-30c-1-3p . . . . MIMAT0004674 . . hsa-miR-30c-1-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00617 hsa-miR-30c-2-3p . . . . MIMAT0004550 . . hsa-miR-30c-2-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00743 hsa-miR-30d hsa-mir-30d; MIRN30D . . HGNC:31628 . ENSG00000199153 407033 hsa-miR-30d microRNA 8q24.22 . . . M6ATAR00037 hsa-miR-31-5p . . . . MIMAT0000089 . . hsa-miR-31-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00672 hsa-miR-320a-3p . . . . MIMAT0000510 . . hsa-miR-320a-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00047 hsa-miR-320b . . . . MIMAT0005792 . . hsa-miR-320b microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00045 hsa-miR-320c . . . . MIMAT0005793 . . hsa-miR-320c microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00046 hsa-miR-320d . . . . MIMAT0006764 . . hsa-miR-320d microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00651 hsa-miR-34a hsa-mir-34aMIRN34A . . HGNC:31635 MI0000268 ENSG00000284357 407040 hsa-miR-34a microRNA 1p36.22 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00783 hsa-miR-375-3p . . . . MIMAT0000728 . . hsa-miR-375-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00791 hsa-miR-380-3p . . . . MIMAT0000735 . . hsa-miR-380-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00026 hsa-miR-422a . . . . MIMAT0001339 . . hsa-miR-422a microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00739 hsa-miR-5581-3p . . . . MIMAT0022276 . . hsa-miR-5581-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00730 hsa-miR-5586-5p . . . . MIMAT0022287 . . hsa-miR-5586-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00493 hsa-miR-582-3p . . . . MIMAT0004797 . . hsa-miR-582-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00735 hsa-miR-589-5p . . . . . . . hsa-miR-589-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00014 hsa-miR-671-3p . . . . MIMAT0004819 . . hsa-miR-671-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00613 hsa-miR-671-5p . . . . MIMAT0003880 . . hsa-miR-671-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00043 hsa-miR-766-5p . . . . MIMAT0022714 . . hsa-miR-766-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00009 hsa-miR-873-5p . . . . MIMAT0004953 . . hsa-miR-873-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00507 hsa-miR-99a-5p . . . . . . . hsa-miR-99a-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00274 Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-Alpha/HIF1A) HIF-1-alpha; HIF1-alpha; ARNT-interacting protein; Basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS protein MOP1; Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 78; bHLHe78; Member of PAS protein 1; PAS domain-containing protein 8; BHLHE78; MOP1; PASD8 HIF1A_HUMAN hsa:3091 HGNC:4910 . ENSG00000100644 3091 HIF1A Protein coding 14q23.2 MEGAGGANDKKKISSERRKEKSRDAARSRRSKESEVFYELAHQLPLPHNVSSHLDKASVMRLTISYLRVRKLLDAGDLDIEDDMKAQMNCFYLKALDGFVMVLTDDGDMIYISDNVNKYMGLTQFELTGHSVFDFTHPCDHEEMREMLTHRNGLVKKGKEQNTQRSFFLRMKCTLTSRGRTMNIKSATWKVLHCTGHIHVYDTNSNQPQCGYKKPPMTCLVLICEPIPHPSNIEIPLDSKTFLSRHSLDMKFSYCDERITELMGYEPEELLGRSIYEYYHALDSDHLTKTHHDMFTKGQVTTGQYRMLAKRGGYVWVETQATVIYNTKNSQPQCIVCVNYVVSGIIQHDLIFSLQQTECVLKPVESSDMKMTQLFTKVESEDTSSLFDKLKKEPDALTLLAPAAGDTIISLDFGSNDTETDDQQLEEVPLYNDVMLPSPNEKLQNINLAMSPLPTAETPKPLRSSADPALNQEVALKLEPNPESLELSFTMPQIQDQTPSPSDGSTRQSSPEPNSPSEYCFYVDSDMVNEFKLELVEKLFAEDTEAKNPFSTQDTDLDLEMLAPYIPMDDDFQLRSFDQLSPLESSSASPESASPQSTVTVFQQTQIQEPTANATTTTATTDELKTVTKDRMEDIKILIASPSPTHIHKETTSATSSPYRDTQSRTASPNRAGKGVIEQTEKSHPRSPNVLSVALSQRTTVPEEELNPKILALQNAQRKRKMEHDGSLFQAVGIGTLLQQPDDHAATTSLSWKRVKGCKSSEQNGMEQKTIILIPSDLACRLLGQSMDESGLPQLTSYDCEVNAPIQGSRNLLQGEELLRALDQVN . Functions as a master transcriptional regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia. Under hypoxic conditions, activates the transcription of over 40 genes, including erythropoietin, glucose transporters, glycolytic enzymes, vascular endothelial growth factor, HILPDA, and other genes whose protein products increase oxygen delivery or facilitate metabolic adaptation to hypoxia. Plays an essential role in embryonic vascularization, tumor angiogenesis and pathophysiology of ischemic disease. Heterodimerizes with ARNT; heterodimer binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TACGTG-3' within the hypoxia response element (HRE) of target gene promoters (By similarity). Activation requires recruitment of transcriptional coactivators such as CREBBP and EP300. Activity is enhanced by interaction with NCOA1 and/or NCOA2. Interaction with redox regulatory protein APEX1 seems to activate CTAD and potentiates activation by NCOA1 and CREBBP. Involved in the axonal distribution and transport of mitochondria in neurons during hypoxia. (Microbial infection) Upon infection by human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is required for induction of glycolysis in monocytes and the consequent proinflammatory state. In monocytes, induces expression of ACE2 and cytokines such as IL1B, TNF, IL6, and interferons. Promotes human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 replication and monocyte inflammatory response. M6ATAR00292 Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKBKB) I-kappa-B-kinase beta; IKK-B; IKK-beta; IkBKB; I-kappa-B kinase 2; IKK2; Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B inhibitor kinase beta; NFKBIKB; Serine/threonine protein kinase IKBKB; IKKB IKKB_HUMAN hsa:3551 HGNC:5960 . ENSG00000104365 3551 IKBKB Protein coding 8p11.21 MSWSPSLTTQTCGAWEMKERLGTGGFGNVIRWHNQETGEQIAIKQCRQELSPRNRERWCLEIQIMRRLTHPNVVAARDVPEGMQNLAPNDLPLLAMEYCQGGDLRKYLNQFENCCGLREGAILTLLSDIASALRYLHENRIIHRDLKPENIVLQQGEQRLIHKIIDLGYAKELDQGSLCTSFVGTLQYLAPELLEQQKYTVTVDYWSFGTLAFECITGFRPFLPNWQPVQWHSKVRQKSEVDIVVSEDLNGTVKFSSSLPYPNNLNSVLAERLEKWLQLMLMWHPRQRGTDPTYGPNGCFKALDDILNLKLVHILNMVTGTIHTYPVTEDESLQSLKARIQQDTGIPEEDQELLQEAGLALIPDKPATQCISDGKLNEGHTLDMDLVFLFDNSKITYETQISPRPQPESVSCILQEPKRNLAFFQLRKVWGQVWHSIQTLKEDCNRLQQGQRAAMMNLLRNNSCLSKMKNSMASMSQQLKAKLDFFKTSIQIDLEKYSEQTEFGITSDKLLLAWREMEQAVELCGRENEVKLLVERMMALQTDIVDLQRSPMGRKQGGTLDDLEEQARELYRRLREKPRDQRTEGDSQEMVRLLLQAIQSFEKKVRVIYTQLSKTVVCKQKALELLPKVEEVVSLMNEDEKTVVRLQEKRQKELWNLLKIACSKVRGPVSGSPDSMNASRLSQPGQLMSQPSTASNSLPEPAKKSEELVAEAHNLCTLLENAIQDTVREQDQSFTALDWSWLQTEEEEHSCLEQAS protein kinase superfamily; Ser/Thr protein kinase family; I-kappa-B kinase subfamily Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation. Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is translocated into the nucleus and activates the transcription of hundreds of genes involved in immune response, growth control, or protection against apoptosis. In addition to the NF-kappa-B inhibitors, phosphorylates several other components of the signaling pathway including NEMO/IKBKG, NF-kappa-B subunits RELA and NFKB1, as well as IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE. IKK-related kinase phosphorylations may prevent the overproduction of inflammatory mediators since they exert a negative regulation on canonical IKKs. Phosphorylates FOXO3, mediating the TNF-dependent inactivation of this pro-apoptotic transcription factor. Also phosphorylates other substrates including NCOA3, BCL10 and IRS1. Within the nucleus, acts as an adapter protein for NFKBIA degradation in UV-induced NF-kappa-B activation. Phosphorylates RIPK1 at 'Ser-25' which represses its kinase activity and consequently prevents TNF-mediated RIPK1-dependent cell death (By similarity). Phosphorylates the C-terminus of IRF5, stimulating IRF5 homodimerization and translocation into the nucleus. M6ATAR00558 Insulin receptor (INSR) IR; CD220 INSR_HUMAN hsa:3643 HGNC:6091 . ENSG00000171105 3643 INSR Protein coding 19p13.2 MATGGRRGAAAAPLLVAVAALLLGAAGHLYPGEVCPGMDIRNNLTRLHELENCSVIEGHLQILLMFKTRPEDFRDLSFPKLIMITDYLLLFRVYGLESLKDLFPNLTVIRGSRLFFNYALVIFEMVHLKELGLYNLMNITRGSVRIEKNNELCYLATIDWSRILDSVEDNYIVLNKDDNEECGDICPGTAKGKTNCPATVINGQFVERCWTHSHCQKVCPTICKSHGCTAEGLCCHSECLGNCSQPDDPTKCVACRNFYLDGRCVETCPPPYYHFQDWRCVNFSFCQDLHHKCKNSRRQGCHQYVIHNNKCIPECPSGYTMNSSNLLCTPCLGPCPKVCHLLEGEKTIDSVTSAQELRGCTVINGSLIINIRGGNNLAAELEANLGLIEEISGYLKIRRSYALVSLSFFRKLRLIRGETLEIGNYSFYALDNQNLRQLWDWSKHNLTITQGKLFFHYNPKLCLSEIHKMEEVSGTKGRQERNDIALKTNGDQASCENELLKFSYIRTSFDKILLRWEPYWPPDFRDLLGFMLFYKEAPYQNVTEFDGQDACGSNSWTVVDIDPPLRSNDPKSQNHPGWLMRGLKPWTQYAIFVKTLVTFSDERRTYGAKSDIIYVQTDATNPSVPLDPISVSNSSSQIILKWKPPSDPNGNITHYLVFWERQAEDSELFELDYCLKGLKLPSRTWSPPFESEDSQKHNQSEYEDSAGECCSCPKTDSQILKELEESSFRKTFEDYLHNVVFVPRKTSSGTGAEDPRPSRKRRSLGDVGNVTVAVPTVAAFPNTSSTSVPTSPEEHRPFEKVVNKESLVISGLRHFTGYRIELQACNQDTPEERCSVAAYVSARTMPEAKADDIVGPVTHEIFENNVVHLMWQEPKEPNGLIVLYEVSYRRYGDEELHLCVSRKHFALERGCRLRGLSPGNYSVRIRATSLAGNGSWTEPTYFYVTDYLDVPSNIAKIIIGPLIFVFLFSVVIGSIYLFLRKRQPDGPLGPLYASSNPEYLSASDVFPCSVYVPDEWEVSREKITLLRELGQGSFGMVYEGNARDIIKGEAETRVAVKTVNESASLRERIEFLNEASVMKGFTCHHVVRLLGVVSKGQPTLVVMELMAHGDLKSYLRSLRPEAENNPGRPPPTLQEMIQMAAEIADGMAYLNAKKFVHRDLAARNCMVAHDFTVKIGDFGMTRDIYETDYYRKGGKGLLPVRWMAPESLKDGVFTTSSDMWSFGVVLWEITSLAEQPYQGLSNEQVLKFVMDGGYLDQPDNCPERVTDLMRMCWQFNPKMRPTFLEIVNLLKDDLHPSFPEVSFFHSEENKAPESEELEMEFEDMENVPLDRSSHCQREEAGGRDGGSSLGFKRSYEEHIPYTHMNGGKKNGRILTLPRSNPS Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Insulin receptor subfamily Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates the pleiotropic actions of insulin. Binding of insulin leads to phosphorylation of several intracellular substrates, including, insulin receptor substrates (IRS1, 2, 3, 4), SHC, GAB1, CBL and other signaling intermediates. Each of these phosphorylated proteins serve as docking proteins for other signaling proteins that contain Src-homology-2 domains (SH2 domain) that specifically recognize different phosphotyrosine residues, including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K and SHP2. Phosphorylation of IRSs proteins lead to the activation of two main signaling pathways: the PI3K-AKT/PKB pathway, which is responsible for most of the metabolic actions of insulin, and the Ras-MAPK pathway, which regulates expression of some genes and cooperates with the PI3K pathway to control cell growth and differentiation. Binding of the SH2 domains of PI3K to phosphotyrosines on IRS1 leads to the activation of PI3K and the generation of phosphatidylinositol-(3, 4, 5)-triphosphate (PIP3), a lipid second messenger, which activates several PIP3-dependent serine/threonine kinases, such as PDPK1 and subsequently AKT/PKB. The net effect of this pathway is to produce a translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 from cytoplasmic vesicles to the cell membrane to facilitate glucose transport. Moreover, upon insulin stimulation, activated AKT/PKB is responsible for: anti-apoptotic effect of insulin by inducing phosphorylation of BAD; regulates the expression of gluconeogenic and lipogenic enzymes by controlling the activity of the winged helix or forkhead (FOX) class of transcription factors. Another pathway regulated by PI3K-AKT/PKB activation is mTORC1 signaling pathway which regulates cell growth and metabolism and integrates signals from insulin. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 thereby activating mTORC1 pathway. The Ras/RAF/MAP2K/MAPK pathway is mainly involved in mediating cell growth, survival and cellular differentiation of insulin. Phosphorylated IRS1 recruits GRB2/SOS complex, which triggers the activation of the Ras/RAF/MAP2K/MAPK pathway. In addition to binding insulin, the insulin receptor can bind insulin-like growth factors (IGFI and IGFII). Isoform Short has a higher affinity for IGFII binding. When present in a hybrid receptor with IGF1R, binds IGF1. PubMed:12138094 shows that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Long are activated with a high affinity by IGF1, with low affinity by IGF2 and not significantly activated by insulin, and that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Short are activated by IGF1, IGF2 and insulin. In contrast, PubMed:16831875 shows that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Long and hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Short have similar binding characteristics, both bind IGF1 and have a low affinity for insulin. In adipocytes, inhibits lipolysis (By similarity). M6ATAR00559 Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) IRS-1 IRS1_HUMAN hsa:3667 HGNC:6125 . ENSG00000169047 3667 IRS1 Protein coding 2q36.3 MASPPESDGFSDVRKVGYLRKPKSMHKRFFVLRAASEAGGPARLEYYENEKKWRHKSSAPKRSIPLESCFNINKRADSKNKHLVALYTRDEHFAIAADSEAEQDSWYQALLQLHNRAKGHHDGAAALGAGGGGGSCSGSSGLGEAGEDLSYGDVPPGPAFKEVWQVILKPKGLGQTKNLIGIYRLCLTSKTISFVKLNSEAAAVVLQLMNIRRCGHSENFFFIEVGRSAVTGPGEFWMQVDDSVVAQNMHETILEAMRAMSDEFRPRSKSQSSSNCSNPISVPLRRHHLNNPPPSQVGLTRRSRTESITATSPASMVGGKPGSFRVRASSDGEGTMSRPASVDGSPVSPSTNRTHAHRHRGSARLHPPLNHSRSIPMPASRCSPSATSPVSLSSSSTSGHGSTSDCLFPRRSSASVSGSPSDGGFISSDEYGSSPCDFRSSFRSVTPDSLGHTPPARGEEELSNYICMGGKGPSTLTAPNGHYILSRGGNGHRCTPGTGLGTSPALAGDEAASAADLDNRFRKRTHSAGTSPTITHQKTPSQSSVASIEEYTEMMPAYPPGGGSGGRLPGHRHSAFVPTRSYPEEGLEMHPLERRGGHHRPDSSTLHTDDGYMPMSPGVAPVPSGRKGSGDYMPMSPKSVSAPQQIINPIRRHPQRVDPNGYMMMSPSGGCSPDIGGGPSSSSSSSNAVPSGTSYGKLWTNGVGGHHSHVLPHPKPPVESSGGKLLPCTGDYMNMSPVGDSNTSSPSDCYYGPEDPQHKPVLSYYSLPRSFKHTQRPGEPEEGARHQHLRLSTSSGRLLYAATADDSSSSTSSDSLGGGYCGARLEPSLPHPHHQVLQPHLPRKVDTAAQTNSRLARPTRLSLGDPKASTLPRAREQQQQQQPLLHPPEPKSPGEYVNIEFGSDQSGYLSGPVAFHSSPSVRCPSQLQPAPREEETGTEEYMKMDLGPGRRAAWQESTGVEMGRLGPAPPGAASICRPTRAVPSSRGDYMTMQMSCPRQSYVDTSPAAPVSYADMRTGIAAEEVSLPRATMAAASSSSAASASPTGPQGAAELAAHSSLLGGPQGPGGMSAFTRVNLSPNRNQSAKVIRADPQGCRRRHSSETFSSTPSATRVGNTVPFGAGAAVGGGGGSSSSSEDVKRHSSASFENVWLRPGELGGAPKEPAKLCGAAGGLENGLNYIDLDLVKDFKQCPQECTPEPQPPPPPPPHQPLGSGESSSTRRSSEDLSAYASISFQKQPEDRQ . May mediate the control of various cellular processes by insulin. When phosphorylated by the insulin receptor binds specifically to various cellular proteins containing SH2 domains such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 subunit or GRB2. Activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase when bound to the regulatory p85 subunit (By similarity). M6ATAR00497 Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) Insulin-like growth factor I receptor; IGF-I receptor; CD221 IGF1R_HUMAN hsa:3480 HGNC:5465 . ENSG00000140443 3480 IGF1R Protein coding 15q26.3 MKSGSGGGSPTSLWGLLFLSAALSLWPTSGEICGPGIDIRNDYQQLKRLENCTVIEGYLHILLISKAEDYRSYRFPKLTVITEYLLLFRVAGLESLGDLFPNLTVIRGWKLFYNYALVIFEMTNLKDIGLYNLRNITRGAIRIEKNADLCYLSTVDWSLILDAVSNNYIVGNKPPKECGDLCPGTMEEKPMCEKTTINNEYNYRCWTTNRCQKMCPSTCGKRACTENNECCHPECLGSCSAPDNDTACVACRHYYYAGVCVPACPPNTYRFEGWRCVDRDFCANILSAESSDSEGFVIHDGECMQECPSGFIRNGSQSMYCIPCEGPCPKVCEEEKKTKTIDSVTSAQMLQGCTIFKGNLLINIRRGNNIASELENFMGLIEVVTGYVKIRHSHALVSLSFLKNLRLILGEEQLEGNYSFYVLDNQNLQQLWDWDHRNLTIKAGKMYFAFNPKLCVSEIYRMEEVTGTKGRQSKGDINTRNNGERASCESDVLHFTSTTTSKNRIIITWHRYRPPDYRDLISFTVYYKEAPFKNVTEYDGQDACGSNSWNMVDVDLPPNKDVEPGILLHGLKPWTQYAVYVKAVTLTMVENDHIRGAKSEILYIRTNASVPSIPLDVLSASNSSSQLIVKWNPPSLPNGNLSYYIVRWQRQPQDGYLYRHNYCSKDKIPIRKYADGTIDIEEVTENPKTEVCGGEKGPCCACPKTEAEKQAEKEEAEYRKVFENFLHNSIFVPRPERKRRDVMQVANTTMSSRSRNTTAADTYNITDPEELETEYPFFESRVDNKERTVISNLRPFTLYRIDIHSCNHEAEKLGCSASNFVFARTMPAEGADDIPGPVTWEPRPENSIFLKWPEPENPNGLILMYEIKYGSQVEDQRECVSRQEYRKYGGAKLNRLNPGNYTARIQATSLSGNGSWTDPVFFYVQAKTGYENFIHLIIALPVAVLLIVGGLVIMLYVFHRKRNNSRLGNGVLYASVNPEYFSAADVYVPDEWEVAREKITMSRELGQGSFGMVYEGVAKGVVKDEPETRVAIKTVNEAASMRERIEFLNEASVMKEFNCHHVVRLLGVVSQGQPTLVIMELMTRGDLKSYLRSLRPEMENNPVLAPPSLSKMIQMAGEIADGMAYLNANKFVHRDLAARNCMVAEDFTVKIGDFGMTRDIYETDYYRKGGKGLLPVRWMSPESLKDGVFTTYSDVWSFGVVLWEIATLAEQPYQGLSNEQVLRFVMEGGLLDKPDNCPDMLFELMRMCWQYNPKMRPSFLEIISSIKEEMEPGFREVSFYYSEENKLPEPEELDLEPENMESVPLDPSASSSSLPLPDRHSGHKAENGPGPGVLVLRASFDERQPYAHMNGGRKNERALPLPQSSTC Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Insulin receptor subfamily Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates actions of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Binds IGF1 with high affinity and IGF2 and insulin (INS) with a lower affinity. The activated IGF1R is involved in cell growth and survival control. IGF1R is crucial for tumor transformation and survival of malignant cell. Ligand binding activates the receptor kinase, leading to receptor autophosphorylation, and tyrosines phosphorylation of multiple substrates, that function as signaling adapter proteins including, the insulin-receptor substrates (IRS1/2), Shc and 14-3-3 proteins. Phosphorylation of IRSs proteins lead to the activation of two main signaling pathways: the PI3K-AKT/PKB pathway and the Ras-MAPK pathway. The result of activating the MAPK pathway is increased cellular proliferation, whereas activating the PI3K pathway inhibits apoptosis and stimulates protein synthesis. Phosphorylated IRS1 can activate the 85 kDa regulatory subunit of PI3K (PIK3R1), leading to activation of several downstream substrates, including protein AKT/PKB. AKT phosphorylation, in turn, enhances protein synthesis through mTOR activation and triggers the antiapoptotic effects of IGFIR through phosphorylation and inactivation of BAD. In parallel to PI3K-driven signaling, recruitment of Grb2/SOS by phosphorylated IRS1 or Shc leads to recruitment of Ras and activation of the ras-MAPK pathway. In addition to these two main signaling pathways IGF1R signals also through the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway (JAK/STAT). Phosphorylation of JAK proteins can lead to phosphorylation/activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins. In particular activation of STAT3, may be essential for the transforming activity of IGF1R. The JAK/STAT pathway activates gene transcription and may be responsible for the transforming activity. JNK kinases can also be activated by the IGF1R. IGF1 exerts inhibiting activities on JNK activation via phosphorylation and inhibition of MAP3K5/ASK1, which is able to directly associate with the IGF1R.; When present in a hybrid receptor with INSR, binds IGF1.shows that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Long are activated with a high affinity by IGF1, with low affinity by IGF2 and not significantly activated by insulin, and that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Short are activated by IGF1, IGF2 and insulin. In contrast, shows that hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Long and hybrid receptors composed of IGF1R and INSR isoform Short have similar binding characteristics, both bind IGF1 and have a low affinity for insulin. M6ATAR00291 Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1) IGF-I; Mechano growth factor; MGF; Somatomedin-C; IBP1 IGF1_HUMAN hsa:3479 HGNC:5464 . ENSG00000017427 3479 IGF1 Protein coding 12q23.2 MGKISSLPTQLFKCCFCDFLKVKMHTMSSSHLFYLALCLLTFTSSATAGPETLCGAELVDALQFVCGDRGFYFNKPTGYGSSSRRAPQTGIVDECCFRSCDLRRLEMYCAPLKPAKSARSVRAQRHTDMPKTQKYQPPSTNKNTKSQRRKGWPKTHPGGEQKEGTEASLQIRGKKKEQRREIGSRNAECRGKKGK insulin family The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation. Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of IGF1 is required for sensory perception of smell in the olfactory bulb (By similarity). Acts as a ligand for IGF1R. Binds to the alpha subunit of IGF1R, leading to the activation of the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity which autophosphorylates tyrosine residues in the beta subunit thus initiatiating a cascade of down-stream signaling events leading to activation of the PI3K-AKT/PKB and the Ras-MAPK pathways. Binds to integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA6:ITGB4. Its binding to integrins and subsequent ternary complex formation with integrins and IGFR1 are essential for IGF1 signaling. Induces the phosphorylation and activation of IGFR1, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK1/ERK2 and AKT1. M6ATAR00297 Integrin alpha-6 (ITGA6) . ITA6_HUMAN hsa:3655 HGNC:6142 . ENSG00000091409 3655 ITGA6 Protein coding 2q31.1 MAAAGQLCLLYLSAGLLSRLGAAFNLDTREDNVIRKYGDPGSLFGFSLAMHWQLQPEDKRLLLVGAPRAEALPLQRANRTGGLYSCDITARGPCTRIEFDNDADPTSESKEDQWMGVTVQSQGPGGKVVTCAHRYEKRQHVNTKQESRDIFGRCYVLSQNLRIEDDMDGGDWSFCDGRLRGHEKFGSCQQGVAATFTKDFHYIVFGAPGTYNWKGIVRVEQKNNTFFDMNIFEDGPYEVGGETEHDESLVPVPANSYLGLLFLTSVSYTDPDQFVYKTRPPREQPDTFPDVMMNSYLGFSLDSGKGIVSKDEITFVSGAPRANHSGAVVLLKRDMKSAHLLPEHIFDGEGLASSFGYDVAVVDLNKDGWQDIVIGAPQYFDRDGEVGGAVYVYMNQQGRWNNVKPIRLNGTKDSMFGIAVKNIGDINQDGYPDIAVGAPYDDLGKVFIYHGSANGINTKPTQVLKGISPYFGYSIAGNMDLDRNSYPDVAVGSLSDSVTIFRSRPVINIQKTITVTPNRIDLRQKTACGAPSGICLQVKSCFEYTANPAGYNPSISIVGTLEAEKERRKSGLSSRVQFRNQGSEPKYTQELTLKRQKQKVCMEETLWLQDNIRDKLRPIPITASVEIQEPSSRRRVNSLPEVLPILNSDEPKTAHIDVHFLKEGCGDDNVCNSNLKLEYKFCTREGNQDKFSYLPIQKGVPELVLKDQKDIALEITVTNSPSNPRNPTKDGDDAHEAKLIATFPDTLTYSAYRELRAFPEKQLSCVANQNGSQADCELGNPFKRNSNVTFYLVLSTTEVTFDTPDLDINLKLETTSNQDNLAPITAKAKVVIELLLSVSGVAKPSQVYFGGTVVGEQAMKSEDEVGSLIEYEFRVINLGKPLTNLGTATLNIQWPKEISNGKWLLYLVKVESKGLEKVTCEPQKEINSLNLTESHNSRKKREITEKQIDDNRKFSLFAERKYQTLNCSVNVNCVNIRCPLRGLDSKASLILRSRLWNSTFLEEYSKLNYLDILMRAFIDVTAAAENIRLPNAGTQVRVTVFPSKTVAQYSGVPWWIILVAILAGILMLALLVFILWKCGFFKRSRYDDSVPRYHAVRIRKEEREIKDEKYIDNLEKKQWITKWNENESYS integrin alpha chain family Integrin alpha-6/beta-1 (ITGA6:ITGB1) is a receptor for laminin on platelets (By similarity). Integrin alpha-6/beta-1 (ITGA6:ITGB1) is present in oocytes and is involved in sperm-egg fusion (By similarity). Integrin alpha-6/beta-4 (ITGA6:ITGB4) is a receptor for laminin in epithelial cells and it plays a critical structural role in the hemidesmosome (By similarity). ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to NRG1 (via EGF domain) and this binding is essential for NRG1-ERBB signaling. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF1 and this binding is essential for IGF1 signaling. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF2 and this binding is essential for IGF2 signaling. M6ATAR00298 Integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) . ITB1_HUMAN hsa:3688 HGNC:6153 . ENSG00000150093 3688 ITGB1 Protein coding 10p11.22 MNLQPIFWIGLISSVCCVFAQTDENRCLKANAKSCGECIQAGPNCGWCTNSTFLQEGMPTSARCDDLEALKKKGCPPDDIENPRGSKDIKKNKNVTNRSKGTAEKLKPEDITQIQPQQLVLRLRSGEPQTFTLKFKRAEDYPIDLYYLMDLSYSMKDDLENVKSLGTDLMNEMRRITSDFRIGFGSFVEKTVMPYISTTPAKLRNPCTSEQNCTSPFSYKNVLSLTNKGEVFNELVGKQRISGNLDSPEGGFDAIMQVAVCGSLIGWRNVTRLLVFSTDAGFHFAGDGKLGGIVLPNDGQCHLENNMYTMSHYYDYPSIAHLVQKLSENNIQTIFAVTEEFQPVYKELKNLIPKSAVGTLSANSSNVIQLIIDAYNSLSSEVILENGKLSEGVTISYKSYCKNGVNGTGENGRKCSNISIGDEVQFEISITSNKCPKKDSDSFKIRPLGFTEEVEVILQYICECECQSEGIPESPKCHEGNGTFECGACRCNEGRVGRHCECSTDEVNSEDMDAYCRKENSSEICSNNGECVCGQCVCRKRDNTNEIYSGKFCECDNFNCDRSNGLICGGNGVCKCRVCECNPNYTGSACDCSLDTSTCEASNGQICNGRGICECGVCKCTDPKFQGQTCEMCQTCLGVCAEHKECVQCRAFNKGEKKDTCTQECSYFNITKVESRDKLPQPVQPDPVSHCKEKDVDDCWFYFTYSVNGNNEVMVHVVENPECPTGPDIIPIVAGVVAGIVLIGLALLLIWKLLMIIHDRREFAKFEKEKMNAKWDTGENPIYKSAVTTVVNPKYEGK integrin beta chain family Integrins alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1 and alpha-11/beta-1 are receptors for collagen. Integrins alpha-1/beta-1 and alpha-2/beta-2 recognize the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G-E-R in collagen. Integrins alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-3/beta-1, alpha-4/beta-1, alpha-5/beta-1, alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1, alpha-11/beta-1 and alpha-V/beta-1 are receptors for fibronectin. Alpha-4/beta-1 recognizes one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. Integrin alpha-5/beta-1 is a receptor for fibrinogen. Integrin alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-6/beta-1 and alpha-7/beta-1 are receptors for lamimin. Integrin alpha-6/beta-1 (ITGA6:ITGB1) is present in oocytes and is involved in sperm-egg fusion (By similarity). Integrin alpha-4/beta-1 is a receptor for VCAM1. It recognizes the sequence Q-I-D-S in VCAM1. Integrin alpha-9/beta-1 is a receptor for VCAM1, cytotactin and osteopontin. It recognizes the sequence A-E-I-D-G-I-E-L in cytotactin. Integrin alpha-3/beta-1 is a receptor for epiligrin, thrombospondin and CSPG4. Alpha-3/beta-1 may mediate with LGALS3 the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Integrin alpha-V/beta-1 is a receptor for vitronectin. Beta-1 integrins recognize the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. When associated with alpha-7 integrin, regulates cell adhesion and laminin matrix deposition. Involved in promoting endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process and the formation of mineralized bone nodules. May be involved in up-regulation of the activity of kinases such as PKC via binding to KRT1. Together with KRT1 and RACK1, serves as a platform for SRC activation or inactivation. Plays a mechanistic adhesive role during telophase, required for the successful completion of cytokinesis. Integrin alpha-3/beta-1 provides a docking site for FAP (seprase) at invadopodia plasma membranes in a collagen-dependent manner and hence may participate in the adhesion, formation of invadopodia and matrix degradation processes, promoting cell invasion. ITGA4:ITGB1 binds to fractalkine (CX3CL1) and may act as its coreceptor in CX3CR1-dependent fractalkine signaling. ITGA4:ITGB1 and ITGA5:ITGB1 bind to PLA2G2A via a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and this induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1. ITGA5:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for fibrillin-1 (FBN1) and mediates R-G-D-dependent cell adhesion to FBN1. ITGA5:ITGB1 is a receptor for IL1B and binding is essential for IL1B signaling. ITGA5:ITGB3 is a receptor for soluble CD40LG and is required for CD40/CD40LG signaling. Plays an important role in myoblast differentiation and fusion during skeletal myogenesis (By similarity). [Isoform 2]: Interferes with isoform 1 resulting in a dominant negative effect on cell adhesion and migration (in vitro). [Isoform 5]: Isoform 5 displaces isoform 1 in striated muscles. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGA2:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for Human echoviruses 1 and 8. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Cytomegalovirus/HHV-5. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus/HHV-4. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGA5:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for Human parvovirus B19. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGA2:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for Human rotavirus. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Mammalian reovirus. (Microbial infection) In case of HIV-1 infection, integrin ITGA5:ITGB1 binding to extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. (Microbial infection) Interacts with CotH proteins expressed by fungi of the order mucorales, the causative agent of mucormycosis, which plays an important role in epithelial cell invasion by the fungi. Integrin ITGA3:ITGB1 may act as a receptor for R.delemar CotH7 in alveolar epithelial cells, which may be an early step in pulmonary mucormycosis disease progression. M6ATAR00650 Integrin beta-4 (ITGB4) GP150; CD104 ITB4_HUMAN hsa:3691 HGNC:6158 . ENSG00000132470 3691 ITGB4 Protein coding 17q25.1 MAGPRPSPWARLLLAALISVSLSGTLANRCKKAPVKSCTECVRVDKDCAYCTDEMFRDRRCNTQAELLAAGCQRESIVVMESSFQITEETQIDTTLRRSQMSPQGLRVRLRPGEERHFELEVFEPLESPVDLYILMDFSNSMSDDLDNLKKMGQNLARVLSQLTSDYTIGFGKFVDKVSVPQTDMRPEKLKEPWPNSDPPFSFKNVISLTEDVDEFRNKLQGERISGNLDAPEGGFDAILQTAVCTRDIGWRPDSTHLLVFSTESAFHYEADGANVLAGIMSRNDERCHLDTTGTYTQYRTQDYPSVPTLVRLLAKHNIIPIFAVTNYSYSYYEKLHTYFPVSSLGVLQEDSSNIVELLEEAFNRIRSNLDIRALDSPRGLRTEVTSKMFQKTRTGSFHIRRGEVGIYQVQLRALEHVDGTHVCQLPEDQKGNIHLKPSFSDGLKMDAGIICDVCTCELQKEVRSARCSFNGDFVCGQCVCSEGWSGQTCNCSTGSLSDIQPCLREGEDKPCSGRGECQCGHCVCYGEGRYEGQFCEYDNFQCPRTSGFLCNDRGRCSMGQCVCEPGWTGPSCDCPLSNATCIDSNGGICNGRGHCECGRCHCHQQSLYTDTICEINYSAIHPGLCEDLRSCVQCQAWGTGEKKGRTCEECNFKVKMVDELKRAEEVVVRCSFRDEDDDCTYSYTMEGDGAPGPNSTVLVHKKKDCPPGSFWWLIPLLLLLLPLLALLLLLCWKYCACCKACLALLPCCNRGHMVGFKEDHYMLRENLMASDHLDTPMLRSGNLKGRDVVRWKVTNNMQRPGFATHAASINPTELVPYGLSLRLARLCTENLLKPDTRECAQLRQEVEENLNEVYRQISGVHKLQQTKFRQQPNAGKKQDHTIVDTVLMAPRSAKPALLKLTEKQVEQRAFHDLKVAPGYYTLTADQDARGMVEFQEGVELVDVRVPLFIRPEDDDEKQLLVEAIDVPAGTATLGRRLVNITIIKEQARDVVSFEQPEFSVSRGDQVARIPVIRRVLDGGKSQVSYRTQDGTAQGNRDYIPVEGELLFQPGEAWKELQVKLLELQEVDSLLRGRQVRRFHVQLSNPKFGAHLGQPHSTTIIIRDPDELDRSFTSQMLSSQPPPHGDLGAPQNPNAKAAGSRKIHFNWLPPSGKPMGYRVKYWIQGDSESEAHLLDSKVPSVELTNLYPYCDYEMKVCAYGAQGEGPYSSLVSCRTHQEVPSEPGRLAFNVVSSTVTQLSWAEPAETNGEITAYEVCYGLVNDDNRPIGPMKKVLVDNPKNRMLLIENLRESQPYRYTVKARNGAGWGPEREAIINLATQPKRPMSIPIIPDIPIVDAQSGEDYDSFLMYSDDVLRSPSGSQRPSVSDDTGCGWKFEPLLGEELDLRRVTWRLPPELIPRLSASSGRSSDAEAPHGPPDDGGAGGKGGSLPRSATPGPPGEHLVNGRMDFAFPGSTNSLHRMTTTSAAAYGTHLSPHVPHRVLSTSSTLTRDYNSLTRSEHSHSTTLPRDYSTLTSVSSHDSRLTAGVPDTPTRLVFSALGPTSLRVSWQEPRCERPLQGYSVEYQLLNGGELHRLNIPNPAQTSVVVEDLLPNHSYVFRVRAQSQEGWGREREGVITIESQVHPQSPLCPLPGSAFTLSTPSAPGPLVFTALSPDSLQLSWERPRRPNGDIVGYLVTCEMAQGGGPATAFRVDGDSPESRLTVPGLSENVPYKFKVQARTTEGFGPEREGIITIESQDGGPFPQLGSRAGLFQHPLQSEYSSITTTHTSATEPFLVDGLTLGAQHLEAGGSLTRHVTQEFVSRTLTTSGTLSTHMDQQFFQT Integrin beta chain family Integrin alpha-6/beta-4 is a receptor for laminin. Plays a critical structural role in the hemidesmosome of epithelial cells. Is required for the regulation of keratinocyte polarity and motility. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to NRG1 (via EGF domain) and this binding is essential for NRG1-ERBB signaling. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF1 and this binding is essential for IGF1 signaling. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF2 and this binding is essential for IGF2 signaling. M6ATAR00155 Integrin subunit beta 3 (ITGB3) ITGB3; GP3A; integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61); CD61; GPIIIa; platelet glycoprotein IIIa; antigen CD61 ITB3_HUMAN hsa:3690 HGNC:6156 . ENSG00000259207 3690 ITGB3 Protein coding 17q21.32 MRARPRPRPLWATVLALGALAGVGVGGPNICTTRGVSSCQQCLAVSPMCAWCSDEALPLGSPRCDLKENLLKDNCAPESIEFPVSEARVLEDRPLSDKGSGDSSQVTQVSPQRIALRLRPDDSKNFSIQVRQVEDYPVDIYYLMDLSYSMKDDLWSIQNLGTKLATQMRKLTSNLRIGFGAFVDKPVSPYMYISPPEALENPCYDMKTTCLPMFGYKHVLTLTDQVTRFNEEVKKQSVSRNRDAPEGGFDAIMQATVCDEKIGWRNDASHLLVFTTDAKTHIALDGRLAGIVQPNDGQCHVGSDNHYSASTTMDYPSLGLMTEKLSQKNINLIFAVTENVVNLYQNYSELIPGTTVGVLSMDSSNVLQLIVDAYGKIRSKVELEVRDLPEELSLSFNATCLNNEVIPGLKSCMGLKIGDTVSFSIEAKVRGCPQEKEKSFTIKPVGFKDSLIVQVTFDCDCACQAQAEPNSHRCNNGNGTFECGVCRCGPGWLGSQCECSEEDYRPSQQDECSPREGQPVCSQRGECLCGQCVCHSSDFGKITGKYCECDDFSCVRYKGEMCSGHGQCSCGDCLCDSDWTGYYCNCTTRTDTCMSSNGLLCSGRGKCECGSCVCIQPGSYGDTCEKCPTCPDACTFKKECVECKKFDRGALHDENTCNRYCRDEIESVKELKDTGKDAVNCTYKNEDDCVVRFQYYEDSSGKSILYVVEEPECPKGPDILVVLLSVMGAILLIGLAALLIWKLLITIHDRKEFAKFEEERARAKWDTANNPLYKEATSTFTNITYRGT integrin beta chain family Integrin alpha-V/beta-3 (ITGAV:ITGB3) is a receptor for cytotactin, fibronectin, laminin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, osteopontin, osteomodulin, prothrombin, thrombospondin, vitronectin and von Willebrand factor. Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 (ITGA2B:ITGB3) is a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin. Integrins alpha-IIb/beta-3 and alpha-V/beta-3 recognize the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 recognizes the sequence H-H-L-G-G-G-A-K-Q-A-G-D-V in fibrinogen gamma chain. Following activation integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 brings about platelet/platelet interaction through binding of soluble fibrinogen. This step leads to rapid platelet aggregation which physically plugs ruptured endothelial surface. Fibrinogen binding enhances SELP expression in activated platelets (By similarity). ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to fractalkine (CX3CL1) and acts as its coreceptor in CX3CR1-dependent fractalkine signaling. ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to NRG1 (via EGF domain) and this binding is essential for NRG1-ERBB signaling. ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to FGF1 and this binding is essential for FGF1 signaling. ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to FGF2 and this binding is essential for FGF2 signaling. ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to IGF1 and this binding is essential for IGF1 signaling. ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to IGF2 and this binding is essential for IGF2 signaling. ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to IL1B and this binding is essential for IL1B signaling. ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to PLA2G2A via a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and this induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1. ITGAV:ITGB3 acts as a receptor for fibrillin-1 (FBN1) and mediates R-G-D-dependent cell adhesion to FBN1. In brain, plays a role in synaptic transmission and plasticity. Involved in the regulation of the serotonin neurotransmission, is required to localize to specific compartments within the synapse the serotonin receptor SLC6A4 and for an appropriate reuptake of serotonin. Controls excitatory synaptic strength by regulating GRIA2-containing AMPAR endocytosis, which affects AMPAR abundance and composition (By similarity). ITGAV:ITGB3 act as a receptor for CD40LG. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 acts as a receptor for Herpes virus 8/HHV-8. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 acts as a receptor for Coxsackievirus A9. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Hantaan virus. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 acts as a receptor for Cytomegalovirus/HHV-5. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGA5:ITGB3 acts as a receptor for Human metapneumovirus. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 acts aP05556s a receptor for Human parechovirus 1. (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 acts as a receptor for West nile virus. (Microbial infection) In case of HIV-1 infection, the interaction with extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. M6ATAR00284 Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) . ICAM1_HUMAN hsa:3383 HGNC:5344 . ENSG00000090339 3383 ICAM1 Protein coding 19p13.2 MAPSSPRPALPALLVLLGALFPGPGNAQTSVSPSKVILPRGGSVLVTCSTSCDQPKLLGIETPLPKKELLLPGNNRKVYELSNVQEDSQPMCYSNCPDGQSTAKTFLTVYWTPERVELAPLPSWQPVGKNLTLRCQVEGGAPRANLTVVLLRGEKELKREPAVGEPAEVTTTVLVRRDHHGANFSCRTELDLRPQGLELFENTSAPYQLQTFVLPATPPQLVSPRVLEVDTQGTVVCSLDGLFPVSEAQVHLALGDQRLNPTVTYGNDSFSAKASVSVTAEDEGTQRLTCAVILGNQSQETLQTVTIYSFPAPNVILTKPEVSEGTEVTVKCEAHPRAKVTLNGVPAQPLGPRAQLLLKATPEDNGRSFSCSATLEVAGQLIHKNQTRELRVLYGPRLDERDCPGNWTWPENSQQTPMCQAWGNPLPELKCLKDGTFPLPIGESVTVTRDLEGTYLCRARSTQGEVTRKVTVNVLSPRYEIVIITVVAAAVIMGTAGLSTYLYNRQRKIKKYRLQQAQKGTPMKPNTQATPP immunoglobulin superfamily; ICAM family ICAM proteins are ligands for the leukocyte adhesion protein LFA-1 (integrin alpha-L/beta-2). During leukocyte trans-endothelial migration, ICAM1 engagement promotes the assembly of endothelial apical cups through ARHGEF26/SGEF and RHOG activation. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for major receptor group rhinovirus A-B capsid proteins. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Coxsackievirus A21 capsid proteins. (Microbial infection) Upon Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/HHV-8 infection, is degraded by viral E3 ubiquitin ligase MIR2, presumably to prevent lysis of infected cells by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK cell. M6ATAR00290 Interferon beta (IFNB1) IFN-beta; Fibroblast interferon; IFB; IFNB IFNB_HUMAN hsa:3456 HGNC:5434 . ENSG00000171855 3456 IFNB1 Protein coding 9p21.3 MTNKCLLQIALLLCFSTTALSMSYNLLGFLQRSSNFQCQKLLWQLNGRLEYCLKDRMNFDIPEEIKQLQQFQKEDAALTIYEMLQNIFAIFRQDSSSTGWNETIVENLLANVYHQINHLKTVLEEKLEKEDFTRGKLMSSLHLKRYYGRILHYLKAKEYSHCAWTIVRVEILRNFYFINRLTGYLRN alpha/beta interferon family Has antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer activities. M6ATAR00521 Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) IFN-gamma; Immune interferon IFNG_HUMAN hsa:3458 HGNC:5438 . ENSG00000111537 3458 IFN-gamma Protein coding 12q15 MKYTSYILAFQLCIVLGSLGCYCQDPYVKEAENLKKYFNAGHSDVADNGTLFLGILKNWKEESDRKIMQSQIVSFYFKLFKNFKDDQSIQKSVETIKEDMNVKFFNSNKKKRDDFEKLTNYSVTDLNVQRKAIHELIQVMAELSPAAKTGKRKRSQMLFRGRRASQ Type II (or gamma) interferon family Type II interferon produced by immune cells such as T-cells and NK cells that plays crucial roles in antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor responses by activating effector immune cells and enhancing antigen presentation. Primarily signals through the JAK-STAT pathway after interaction with its receptor IFNGR1 to affect gene regulation. Upon IFNG binding, IFNGR1 intracellular domain opens out to allow association of downstream signaling components JAK2, JAK1 and STAT1, leading to STAT1 activation, nuclear translocation and transcription of IFNG-regulated genes. Many of the induced genes are transcription factors such as IRF1 that are able to further drive regulation of a next wave of transcription. Plays a role in class I antigen presentation pathway by inducing a replacement of catalytic proteasome subunits with immunoproteasome subunits. In turn, increases the quantity, quality, and repertoire of peptides for class I MHC loading. Increases the efficiency of peptide generation also by inducing the expression of activator PA28 that associates with the proteasome and alters its proteolytic cleavage preference. Up-regulates as well MHC II complexes on the cell surface by promoting expression of several key molecules such as cathepsins B/CTSB, H/CTSH, and L/CTSL. Participates in the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells during development and under homeostatic conditions by affecting their development, quiescence, and differentiation (By similarity). M6ATAR00753 Interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) IFN-gamma receptor 1; IFN-gamma-R1; CDw119; Interferon gamma receptor alpha-chain; IFN-gamma-R-alpha; CD119 INGR1_HUMAN hsa:3459 HGNC:5439 . ENSG00000027697 3459 IFNGR1 Protein coding 6q23.3 MALLFLLPLVMQGVSRAEMGTADLGPSSVPTPTNVTIESYNMNPIVYWEYQIMPQVPVFTVEVKNYGVKNSEWIDACINISHHYCNISDHVGDPSNSLWVRVKARVGQKESAYAKSEEFAVCRDGKIGPPKLDIRKEEKQIMIDIFHPSVFVNGDEQEVDYDPETTCYIRVYNVYVRMNGSEIQYKILTQKEDDCDEIQCQLAIPVSSLNSQYCVSAEGVLHVWGVTTEKSKEVCITIFNSSIKGSLWIPVVAALLLFLVLSLVFICFYIKKINPLKEKSIILPKSLISVVRSATLETKPESKYVSLITSYQPFSLEKEVVCEEPLSPATVPGMHTEDNPGKVEHTEELSSITEVVTTEENIPDVVPGSHLTPIERESSSPLSSNQSEPGSIALNSYHSRNCSESDHSRNGFDTDSSCLESHSSLSDSEFPPNNKGEIKTEGQELITVIKAPTSFGYDKPHVLVDLLVDDSGKESLIGYRPTEDSKEFS Type II cytokine receptor family Receptor subunit for interferon gamma/INFG that plays crucial roles in antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor responses by activating effector immune cells and enhancing antigen presentation. Associates with transmembrane accessory factor IFNGR2 to form a functional receptor. Upon ligand binding, the intracellular domain of IFNGR1 opens out to allow association of downstream signaling components JAK1 and JAK2. In turn, activated JAK1 phosphorylates IFNGR1 to form a docking site for STAT1. Subsequent phosphorylation of STAT1 leads to dimerization, translocation to the nucleus, and stimulation of target gene transcription . STAT3 can also be activated in a similar manner although activation seems weaker. IFNGR1 intracellular domain phosphorylation also provides a docking site for SOCS1 that regulates the JAK-STAT pathway by competing with STAT1 binding to IFNGR1 (By similarity). M6ATAR00525 Interferon regulatory factor 1 (Irf1) IRF-1 IRF1_HUMAN hsa:3659 HGNC:6116 . ENSG00000125347 3659 Irf1 Protein coding 5q31.1 MPITRMRMRPWLEMQINSNQIPGLIWINKEEMIFQIPWKHAAKHGWDINKDACLFRSWAIHTGRYKAGEKEPDPKTWKANFRCAMNSLPDIEEVKDQSRNKGSSAVRVYRMLPPLTKNQRKERKSKSSRDAKSKAKRKSCGDSSPDTFSDGLSSSTLPDDHSSYTVPGYMQDLEVEQALTPALSPCAVSSTLPDWHIPVEVVPDSTSDLYNFQVSPMPSTSEATTDEDEEGKLPEDIMKLLEQSEWQPTNVDGKGYLLNEPGVQPTSVYGDFSCKEEPEIDSPGGDIGLSLQRVFTDLKNMDATWLDSLLTPVRLPSIQAIPCAP IRF family Transcriptional regulator which displays a remarkable functional diversity in the regulation of cellular responses. Regulates transcription of IFN and IFN-inducible genes, host response to viral and bacterial infections, regulation of many genes expressed during hematopoiesis, inflammation, immune responses and cell proliferation and differentiation, regulation of the cell cycle and induction of growth arrest and programmed cell death following DNA damage. Stimulates both innate and acquired immune responses through the activation of specific target genes and can act as a transcriptional activator and repressor regulating target genes by binding to an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters. M6ATAR00296 Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) IRF-3 IRF3_HUMAN hsa:3661 HGNC:6118 . ENSG00000126456 3661 IRF3 Protein coding 19q13.33 MGTPKPRILPWLVSQLDLGQLEGVAWVNKSRTRFRIPWKHGLRQDAQQEDFGIFQAWAEATGAYVPGRDKPDLPTWKRNFRSALNRKEGLRLAEDRSKDPHDPHKIYEFVNSGVGDFSQPDTSPDTNGGGSTSDTQEDILDELLGNMVLAPLPDPGPPSLAVAPEPCPQPLRSPSLDNPTPFPNLGPSENPLKRLLVPGEEWEFEVTAFYRGRQVFQQTISCPEGLRLVGSEVGDRTLPGWPVTLPDPGMSLTDRGVMSYVRHVLSCLGGGLALWRAGQWLWAQRLGHCHTYWAVSEELLPNSGHGPDGEVPKDKEGGVFDLGPFIVDLITFTEGSGRSPRYALWFCVGESWPQDQPWTKRLVMVKVVPTCLRALVEMARVGGASSLENTVDLHISNSHPLSLTSDQYKAYLQDLVEGMDFQGPGES IRF family Key transcriptional regulator of type I interferon (IFN)-dependent immune responses which plays a critical role in the innate immune response against DNA and RNA viruses. Regulates the transcription of type I IFN genes (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) by binding to an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters. Acts as a more potent activator of the IFN-beta (IFNB) gene than the IFN-alpha (IFNA) gene and plays a critical role in both the early and late phases of the IFNA/B gene induction. Found in an inactive form in the cytoplasm of uninfected cells and following viral infection, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), or toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, is phosphorylated by IKBKE and TBK1 kinases. This induces a conformational change, leading to its dimerization and nuclear localization and association with CREB binding protein (CREBBP) to form dsRNA-activated factor 1 (DRAF1), a complex which activates the transcription of the type I IFN and ISG genes. Can activate distinct gene expression programs in macrophages and can induce significant apoptosis in primary macrophages. In response to Sendai virus infection, is recruited by TOMM70:HSP90AA1 to mitochondrion and forms an apoptosis complex TOMM70:HSP90AA1:IRF3:BAX inducing apoptosis. Key transcription factor regulating the IFN response during SARS-CoV-2 infection. M6ATAR00289 Interferon-induced 54 kDa protein (IFIT2) IFIT-2; ISG-54 K; Interferon-induced 54 kDa protein; IFI-54K; P54; CIG-42; G10P2; IFI54; ISG54 IFIT2_HUMAN hsa:3433 HGNC:5409 . ENSG00000119922 3433 IFIT2 Protein coding 10q23.31 MSENNKNSLESSLRQLKCHFTWNLMEGENSLDDFEDKVFYRTEFQNREFKATMCNLLAYLKHLKGQNEAALECLRKAEELIQQEHADQAEIRSLVTWGNYAWVYYHMGRLSDVQIYVDKVKHVCEKFSSPYRIESPELDCEEGWTRLKCGGNQNERAKVCFEKALEKKPKNPEFTSGLAIASYRLDNWPPSQNAIDPLRQAIRLNPDNQYLKVLLALKLHKMREEGEEEGEGEKLVEEALEKAPGVTDVLRSAAKFYRRKDEPDKAIELLKKALEYIPNNAYLHCQIGCCYRAKVFQVMNLRENGMYGKRKLLELIGHAVAHLKKADEANDNLFRVCSILASLHALADQYEDAEYYFQKEFSKELTPVAKQLLHLRYGNFQLYQMKCEDKAIHHFIEGVKINQKSREKEKMKDKLQKIAKMRLSKNGADSEALHVLAFLQELNEKMQQADEDSERGLESGSLIPSASSWNGE IFIT family IFN-induced antiviral protein which inhibits expression of viral messenger RNAs lacking 2'-O-methylation of the 5' cap. The ribose 2'-O-methylation would provide a molecular signature to distinguish between self and non-self mRNAs by the host during viral infection. Viruses evolved several ways to evade this restriction system such as encoding their own 2'-O-methylase for their mRNAs or by stealing host cap containing the 2'-O-methylation (cap snatching mechanism). Binds AU-rich viral RNAs, with or without 5' triphosphorylation, RNA-binding is required for antiviral activity. Can promote apoptosis. M6ATAR00536 Interferon-inducible protein 4 (ADAR1) DRADA; 136 kDa double-stranded RNA-binding protein; p136; Interferon-inducible protein 4; IFI-4; K88DSRBP DSRAD_HUMAN hsa:103 HGNC:225 . ENSG00000160710 103 ADAR1 Protein coding 1q21.3 MNPRQGYSLSGYYTHPFQGYEHRQLRYQQPGPGSSPSSFLLKQIEFLKGQLPEAPVIGKQTPSLPPSLPGLRPRFPVLLASSTRGRQVDIRGVPRGVHLRSQGLQRGFQHPSPRGRSLPQRGVDCLSSHFQELSIYQDQEQRILKFLEELGEGKATTAHDLSGKLGTPKKEINRVLYSLAKKGKLQKEAGTPPLWKIAVSTQAWNQHSGVVRPDGHSQGAPNSDPSLEPEDRNSTSVSEDLLEPFIAVSAQAWNQHSGVVRPDSHSQGSPNSDPGLEPEDSNSTSALEDPLEFLDMAEIKEKICDYLFNVSDSSALNLAKNIGLTKARDINAVLIDMERQGDVYRQGTTPPIWHLTDKKRERMQIKRNTNSVPETAPAAIPETKRNAEFLTCNIPTSNASNNMVTTEKVENGQEPVIKLENRQEARPEPARLKPPVHYNGPSKAGYVDFENGQWATDDIPDDLNSIRAAPGEFRAIMEMPSFYSHGLPRCSPYKKLTECQLKNPISGLLEYAQFASQTCEFNMIEQSGPPHEPRFKFQVVINGREFPPAEAGSKKVAKQDAAMKAMTILLEEAKAKDSGKSEESSHYSTEKESEKTAESQTPTPSATSFFSGKSPVTTLLECMHKLGNSCEFRLLSKEGPAHEPKFQYCVAVGAQTFPSVSAPSKKVAKQMAAEEAMKALHGEATNSMASDNQPEGMISESLDNLESMMPNKVRKIGELVRYLNTNPVGGLLEYARSHGFAAEFKLVDQSGPPHEPKFVYQAKVGGRWFPAVCAHSKKQGKQEAADAALRVLIGENEKAERMGFTEVTPVTGASLRRTMLLLSRSPEAQPKTLPLTGSTFHDQIAMLSHRCFNTLTNSFQPSLLGRKILAAIIMKKDSEDMGVVVSLGTGNRCVKGDSLSLKGETVNDCHAEIISRRGFIRFLYSELMKYNSQTAKDSIFEPAKGGEKLQIKKTVSFHLYISTAPCGDGALFDKSCSDRAMESTESRHYPVFENPKQGKLRTKVENGEGTIPVESSDIVPTWDGIRLGERLRTMSCSDKILRWNVLGLQGALLTHFLQPIYLKSVTLGYLFSQGHLTRAICCRVTRDGSAFEDGLRHPFIVNHPKVGRVSIYDSKRQSGKTKETSVNWCLADGYDLEILDGTRGTVDGPRNELSRVSKKNIFLLFKKLCSFRYRRDLLRLSYGEAKKAARDYETAKNYFKKGLKDMGYGNWISKPQEEKNFYLCPV . Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as A-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins since the translational machinery read the inosine as a guanosine; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) and GABA receptor (GABRA3). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acid substitutions which consequently alters their functional activities. Exhibits low-level editing at the GRIA2 Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Its viral RNA substrates include: hepatitis C virus (HCV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Exhibits either a proviral (HDV, MV, VSV and HIV-1) or an antiviral effect (HCV) and this can be editing-dependent (HDV and HCV), editing-independent (VSV and MV) or both (HIV-1). Impairs HCV replication via RNA editing at multiple sites. Enhances the replication of MV, VSV and HIV-1 through an editing-independent mechanism via suppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Stimulates both the release and infectivity of HIV-1 viral particles by an editing-dependent mechanism where it associates with viral RNAs and edits adenosines in the 5'UTR and the Rev and Tat coding sequence. Can enhance viral replication of HDV via A-to-I editing at a site designated as amber/W, thereby changing an UAG amber stop codon to an UIG tryptophan (W) codon that permits synthesis of the large delta antigen (L-HDAg) which has a key role in the assembly of viral particles. However, high levels of ADAR1 inhibit HDV replication. M6ATAR00295 Interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 (ILF3) Double-stranded RNA-binding protein 76; DRBP76; M-phase phosphoprotein 4; MPP4; Nuclear factor associated with dsRNA; NFAR; Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 90 kDa; NF-AT-90; Translational control protein 80; TCP80; DRBF; MPHOSPH4; NF90 ILF3_HUMAN hsa:3609 HGNC:6038 . ENSG00000129351 3609 ILF3 Protein coding 19p13.2 MRPMRIFVNDDRHVMAKHSSVYPTQEELEAVQNMVSHTERALKAVSDWIDEQEKGSSEQAESDNMDVPPEDDSKEGAGEQKTEHMTRTLRGVMRVGLVAKGLLLKGDLDLELVLLCKEKPTTALLDKVADNLAIQLAAVTEDKYEILQSVDDAAIVIKNTKEPPLSLTIHLTSPVVREEMEKVLAGETLSVNDPPDVLDRQKCLAALASLRHAKWFQARANGLKSCVIVIRVLRDLCTRVPTWGPLRGWPLELLCEKSIGTANRPMGAGEALRRVLECLASGIVMPDGSGIYDPCEKEATDAIGHLDRQQREDITQSAQHALRLAAFGQLHKVLGMDPLPSKMPKKPKNENPVDYTVQIPPSTTYAITPMKRPMEEDGEEKSPSKKKKKIQKKEEKAEPPQAMNALMRLNQLKPGLQYKLVSQTGPVHAPIFTMSVEVDGNSFEASGPSKKTAKLHVAVKVLQDMGLPTGAEGRDSSKGEDSAEETEAKPAVVAPAPVVEAVSTPSAAFPSDATAEQGPILTKHGKNPVMELNEKRRGLKYELISETGGSHDKRFVMEVEVDGQKFQGAGSNKKVAKAYAALAALEKLFPDTPLALDANKKKRAPVPVRGGPKFAAKPHNPGFGMGGPMHNEVPPPPNLRGRGRGGSIRGRGRGRGFGGANHGGYMNAGAGYGSYGYGGNSATAGYSQFYSNGGHSGNASGGGGGGGGGSSGYGSYYQGDNYNSPVPPKHAGKKQPHGGQQKPSYGSGYQSHQGQQQSYNQSPYSNYGPPQGKQKGYNHGQGSYSYSNSYNSPGGGGGSDYNYESKFNYSGSGGRSGGNSYGSGGASYNPGSHGGYGGGSGGGSSYQGKQGGYSQSNYNSPGSGQNYSGPPSSYQSSQGGYGRNADHSMNYQYR . RNA-binding protein that plays an essential role in the biogenesis of circular RNAs (circRNAs) which are produced by back-splicing circularization of pre-mRNAs. Within the nucleus, promotes circRNAs processing by stabilizing the regulatory elements residing in the flanking introns of the circularized exons. Plays thereby a role in the back-splicing of a subset of circRNAs. As a consequence, participates in a wide range of transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. Binds to poly-U elements and AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-UTR of target mRNAs. Upon viral infection, ILF3 accumulates in the cytoplasm and participates in the innate antiviral response. Mechanistically, ILF3 becomes phosphorylated and activated by the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase/PKR which releases ILF3 from cellular mature circRNAs. In turn, unbound ILF3 molecules are able to interact with and thus inhibit viral mRNAs. (Microbial infection) Plays a positive role in HIV-1 virus production by binding to and thereby stabilizing HIV-1 RNA, together with ILF3. M6ATAR00294 Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) IL-1 beta; Catabolin; IL1F2 IL1B_HUMAN hsa:3553 HGNC:5992 . ENSG00000125538 3553 IL1B Protein coding 2q14.1 MAEVPELASEMMAYYSGNEDDLFFEADGPKQMKCSFQDLDLCPLDGGIQLRISDHHYSKGFRQAASVVVAMDKLRKMLVPCPQTFQENDLSTFFPFIFEEEPIFFDTWDNEAYVHDAPVRSLNCTLRDSQQKSLVMSGPYELKALHLQGQDMEQQVVFSMSFVQGEESNDKIPVALGLKEKNLYLSCVLKDDKPTLQLESVDPKNYPKKKMEKRFVFNKIEINNKLEFESAQFPNWYISTSQAENMPVFLGGTKGGQDITDFTMQFVSS IL-1 family Potent proinflammatory cytokine. Initially discovered as the major endogenous pyrogen, induces prostaglandin synthesis, neutrophil influx and activation, T-cell activation and cytokine production, B-cell activation and antibody production, and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. Promotes Th17 differentiation of T-cells. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with TNF and IL6. Involved in transduction of inflammation downstream of pyroptosis: its mature form is specifically released in the extracellular milieu by passing through the gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pore. M6ATAR00293 Interleukin-11 (IL11) . IL11_HUMAN hsa:3589 HGNC:5966 . ENSG00000095752 3589 IL11 Protein coding 19q13.42 MNCVCRLVLVVLSLWPDTAVAPGPPPGPPRVSPDPRAELDSTVLLTRSLLADTRQLAAQLRDKFPADGDHNLDSLPTLAMSAGALGALQLPGVLTRLRADLLSYLRHVQWLRRAGGSSLKTLEPELGTLQARLDRLLRRLQLLMSRLALPQPPPDPPAPPLAPPSSAWGGIRAAHAILGGLHLTLDWAVRGLLLLKTRL IL-6 superfamily Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and megakaryocyte progenitor cells and induces megakaryocyte maturation resulting in increased platelet production. Also promotes the proliferation of hepatocytes in response to liver damage. Binding to its receptor formed by IL6ST and IL11RA activates a signaling cascade that promotes cell proliferation. Signaling leads to the activation of intracellular protein kinases and the phosphorylation of STAT3. The interaction with the membrane-bound IL11RA and IL6ST stimulates 'classic signaling', whereas the binding of IL11 and soluble IL11RA to IL6ST stimulates 'trans-signaling'. M6ATAR00529 Interleukin-6 (IL-6) IL-6; B-cell stimulatory factor 2; BSF-2; CTL differentiation factor; CDF; Hybridoma growth factor; Interferon beta-2; IFN-beta-2 IL6_HUMAN hsa:3569 HGNC:6018 . ENSG00000136244 3569 IL-6 Protein coding 7p15.3 MNSFSTSAFGPVAFSLGLLLVLPAAFPAPVPPGEDSKDVAAPHRQPLTSSERIDKQIRYILDGISALRKETCNKSNMCESSKEALAENNLNLPKMAEKDGCFQSGFNEETCLVKIITGLLEFEVYLEYLQNRFESSEEQARAVQMSTKVLIQFLQKKAKNLDAITTPDPTTNASLLTKLQAQNQWLQDMTTHLILRSFKEFLQSSLRALRQM IL-6 superfamily Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions in immunity, tissue regeneration, and metabolism. Binds to IL6R, then the complex associates to the signaling subunit IL6ST/gp130 to trigger the intracellular IL6-signaling pathway (Probable). The interaction with the membrane-bound IL6R and IL6ST stimulates 'classic signaling', whereas the binding of IL6 and soluble IL6R to IL6ST stimulates 'trans-signaling'. Alternatively, 'cluster signaling' occurs when membrane-bound IL6:IL6R complexes on transmitter cells activate IL6ST receptors on neighboring receiver cells (Probable); IL6 is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Rapid production of IL6 contributes to host defense during infection and tissue injury, but excessive IL6 synthesis is involved in disease pathology. In the innate immune response, is synthesized by myeloid cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, upon recognition of pathogens through toll-like receptors (TLRs) at the site of infection or tissue injury (Probable). In the adaptive immune response, is required for the differentiation of B cells into immunoglobulin-secreting cells. Plays a major role in the differentiation of CD4(+) T cell subsets. Essential factor for the development of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells that are required for the induction of germinal-center formation. Required to drive naive CD4(+) T cells to the Th17 lineage. Also required for proliferation of myeloma cells and the survival of plasmablast cells (By similarity); Acts as an essential factor in bone homeostasis and on vessels directly or indirectly by induction of VEGF, resulting in increased angiogenesis activity and vascular permeability. Induces, through 'trans-signaling' and synergistically with IL1B and TNF, the production of VEGF. Involved in metabolic controls, is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction increasing lipolysis and improving insulin resistance . 'Trans-signaling' in central nervous system also regulates energy and glucose homeostasis (By similarity). Mediates, through GLP-1, crosstalk between insulin-sensitive tissues, intestinal L cells and pancreatic islets to adapt to changes in insulin demand (By similarity). Also acts as a myokine (Probable). Plays a protective role during liver injury, being required for maintenance of tissue regeneration (By similarity). Also has a pivotal role in iron metabolism by regulating HAMP/hepcidin expression upon inflammation or bacterial infection. Through activation of IL6ST-YAP-NOTCH pathway, induces inflammation-induced epithelial regeneration (By similarity). M6ATAR00458 Intersectin-2 (ITSN2) SH3 domain-containing protein 1B; SH3P18; SH3P18-like WASP-associated protein; KIAA1256; SH3D1B; SWAP ITSN2_HUMAN hsa:50618 HGNC:6184 . ENSG00000198399 26574 ITSN2 Protein coding . MMAQFPTAMNGGPNMWAITSEERTKHDRQFDNLKPSGGYITGDQARNFFLQSGLPAPVLAEIWALSDLNKDGKMDQQEFSIAMKLIKLKLQGQQLPVVLPPIMKQPPMFSPLISARFGMGSMPNLSIPQPLPPAAPITSLSSATSGTNLPPLMMPTPLVPSVSTSSLPNGTASLIQPLPIPYSSSTLPHGSSYSLMMGGFGGASIQKAQSLIDLGSSSSTSSTASLSGNSPKTGTSEWAVPQPTRLKYRQKFNTLDKSMSGYLSGFQARNALLQSNLSQTQLATIWTLADVDGDGQLKAEEFILAMHLTDMAKAGQPLPLTLPPELVPPSFRGGKQIDSINGTLPSYQKMQEEEPQKKLPVTFEDKRKANYERGNMELEKRRQALMEQQQREAERKAQKEKEEWERKQRELQEQEWKKQLELEKRLEKQRELERQREEERRKDIERREAAKQELERQRRLEWERIRRQELLNQKNREQEEIVRLNSKKKNLHLELEALNGKHQQISGRLQDVRLKKQTQKTELEVLDKQCDLEIMEIKQLQQELQEYQNKLIYLVPEKQLLNERIKNMQFSNTPDSGVSLLHKKSLEKEELCQRLKEQLDALEKETASKLSEMDSFNNQLKCGNMDDSVLQCLLSLLSCLNNLFLLLKELRETYNTQQLALEQLYKIKRDKLKEIERKRLELMQKKKLEDEAARKAKQGKENLWKENLRKEEEEKQKRLQEEKTQEKIQEEERKAEEKQRKDKDTLKAEEKKRETASVLVNYRALYPFEARNHDEMSFNSGDIIQVDEKTVGEPGWLYGSFQGNFGWFPCNYVEKMPSSENEKAVSPKKALLPPTVSLSATSTSSEPLSSNQPASVTDYQNVSFSNLTVNTSWQKKSAFTRTVSPGSVSPIHGQGQVVENLKAQALCSWTAKKDNHLNFSKHDIITVLEQQENWWFGEVHGGRGWFPKSYVKIIPGSEVKREEPEALYAAVNKKPTSAAYSVGEEYIALYPYSSVEPGDLTFTEGEEILVTQKDGEWWTGSIGDRSGIFPSNYVKPKDQESFGSASKSGASNKKPEIAQVTSAYVASGSEQLSLAPGQLILILKKNTSGWWQGELQARGKKRQKGWFPASHVKLLGPSSERATPAFHPVCQVIAMYDYAANNEDELSFSKGQLINVMNKDDPDWWQGEINGVTGLFPSNYVKMTTDSDPSQQWCADLQTLDTMQPIERKRQGYIHELIQTEERYMADLQLVVEVFQKRMAESGFLTEGEMALIFVNWKELIMSNTKLLKALRVRKKTGGEKMPVQMIGDILAAELSHMQAYIRFCSCQLNGAALLQQKTDEDTDFKEFLKKLASDPRCKGMPLSSFLLKPMQRITRYPLLIRSILENTPESHADHSSLKLALERAEELCSQVNEGVREKENSDRLEWIQAHVQCEGLAEQLIFNSLTNCLGPRKLLHSGKLYKTKSNKELHGFLFNDFLLLTYMVKQFAVSSGSEKLFSSKSNAQFKMYKTPIFLNEVLVKLPTDPSSDEPVFHISHIDRVYTLRTDNINERTAWVQKIKAASEQYIDTEKKKREKAYQARSQKTSGIGRLMVHVIEATELKACKPNGKSNPYCEISMGSQSYTTRTIQDTLNPKWNFNCQFFIKDLYQDVLCLTLFDRDQFSPDDFLGRTEIPVAKIRTEQESKGPMTRRLLLHEVPTGEVWVRFDLQLFEQKTLL . Adapter protein that may provide indirect link between the endocytic membrane traffic and the actin assembly machinery. May regulate the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles (CCPs). Seems to be involved in CCPs maturation including invagination or budding. Involved in endocytosis of integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) and transferrin receptor (TFR). Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes. M6ATAR00744 Interstitial collagenase (MMP1) Fibroblast collagenase; Matrix metalloproteinase-1; MMP-1 MMP1_HUMAN hsa:4312 HGNC:7155 . ENSG00000196611 4312 MMP1 Protein coding 11q22.2 MHSFPPLLLLLFWGVVSHSFPATLETQEQDVDLVQKYLEKYYNLKNDGRQVEKRRNSGPVVEKLKQMQEFFGLKVTGKPDAETLKVMKQPRCGVPDVAQFVLTEGNPRWEQTHLTYRIENYTPDLPRADVDHAIEKAFQLWSNVTPLTFTKVSEGQADIMISFVRGDHRDNSPFDGPGGNLAHAFQPGPGIGGDAHFDEDERWTNNFREYNLHRVAAHELGHSLGLSHSTDIGALMYPSYTFSGDVQLAQDDIDGIQAIYGRSQNPVQPIGPQTPKACDSKLTFDAITTIRGEVMFFKDRFYMRTNPFYPEVELNFISVFWPQLPNGLEAAYEFADRDEVRFFKGNKYWAVQGQNVLHGYPKDIYSSFGFPRTVKHIDAALSEENTGKTYFFVANKYWRYDEYKRSMDPGYPKMIAHDFPGIGHKVDAVFMKDGFFYFFHGTRQYKFDPKTKRILTLQKANSWFNCRKN Peptidase M10A family Cleaves collagens of types I, II, and III at one site in the helical domain. Also cleaves collagens of types VII and X. In case of HIV infection, interacts and cleaves the secreted viral Tat protein, leading to a decrease in neuronal Tat's mediated neurotoxicity. M6ATAR00584 Iron-responsive element-binding protein 2 (IRP2) IRE-BP 2; Iron regulatory protein 2; IRP2 IREB2_HUMAN hsa:3658 HGNC:6115 . ENSG00000136381 3658 IRP2 Protein coding 15q25.1 MDAPKAGYAFEYLIETLNDSSHKKFFDVSKLGTKYDVLPYSIRVLLEAAVRNCDGFLMKKEDVMNILDWKTKQSNVEVPFFPARVLLQDFTGIPAMVDFAAMREAVKTLGGDPEKVHPACPTDLTVDHSLQIDFSKCAIQNAPNPGGGDLQKAGKLSPLKVQPKKLPCRGQTTCRGSCDSGELGRNSGTFSSQIENTPILCPFHLQPVPEPETVLKNQEVEFGRNRERLQFFKWSSRVFKNVAVIPPGTGMAHQINLEYLSRVVFEEKDLLFPDSVVGTDSHITMVNGLGILGWGVGGIETEAVMLGLPVSLTLPEVVGCELTGSSNPFVTSIDVVLGITKHLRQVGVAGKFVEFFGSGVSQLSIVDRTTIANMCPEYGAILSFFPVDNVTLKHLEHTGFSKAKLESMETYLKAVKLFRNDQNSSGEPEYSQVIQINLNSIVPSVSGPKRPQDRVAVTDMKSDFQACLNEKVGFKGFQIAAEKQKDIVSIHYEGSEYKLSHGSVVIAAVISCTNNCNPSVMLAAGLLAKKAVEAGLRVKPYIRTSLSPGSGMVTHYLSSSGVLPYLSKLGFEIVGYGCSICVGNTAPLSDAVLNAVKQGDLVTCGILSGNKNFEGRLCDCVRANYLASPPLVVAYAIAGTVNIDFQTEPLGTDPTGKNIYLHDIWPSREEVHRVEEEHVILSMFKALKDKIEMGNKRWNSLEAPDSVLFPWDLKSTYIRCPSFFDKLTKEPIALQAIENAHVLLYLGDSVTTDHISPAGSIARNSAAAKYLTNRGLTPREFNSYGARRGNDAVMTRGTFANIKLFNKFIGKPAPKTIHFPSGQTLDVFEAAELYQKEGIPLIILAGKKYGSGNSRDWAAKGPYLLGVKAVLAESYEKIHKDHLIGIGIAPLQFLPGENADSLGLSGRETFSLTFPEELSPGITLNIQTSTGKVFSVIASFEDDVEITLYKHGGLLNFVARKFS Aconitase/IPM isomerase family RNA-binding protein that binds to iron-responsive elements (IRES), which are stem-loop structures found in the 5'-UTR of ferritin, and delta aminolevulinic acid synthase mRNAs, and in the 3'-UTR of transferrin receptor mRNA. Binding to the IRE element in ferritin results in the repression of its mRNA translation. Binding of the protein to the transferrin receptor mRNA inhibits the degradation of this otherwise rapidly degraded mRNA. M6ATAR00286 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic (IDH/IDH1) IDH; Cytosolic NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase; IDP; NADP(+)-specific ICDH; Oxalosuccinate decarboxylase; PICD IDHC_HUMAN hsa:3417 HGNC:5382 . ENSG00000138413 3417 IDH1 Protein coding 2q34 MSKKISGGSVVEMQGDEMTRIIWELIKEKLIFPYVELDLHSYDLGIENRDATNDQVTKDAAEAIKKHNVGVKCATITPDEKRVEEFKLKQMWKSPNGTIRNILGGTVFREAIICKNIPRLVSGWVKPIIIGRHAYGDQYRATDFVVPGPGKVEITYTPSDGTQKVTYLVHNFEEGGGVAMGMYNQDKSIEDFAHSSFQMALSKGWPLYLSTKNTILKKYDGRFKDIFQEIYDKQYKSQFEAQKIWYEHRLIDDMVAQAMKSEGGFIWACKNYDGDVQSDSVAQGYGSLGMMTSVLVCPDGKTVEAEAAHGTVTRHYRMYQKGQETSTNPIASIFAWTRGLAHRAKLDNNKELAFFANALEEVSIETIEAGFMTKDLAACIKGLPNVQRSDYLNTFEFMDKLGENLKIKLAQAKL isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family . M6ATAR00031 KB-1980E6.3 . . . . . . . KB-1980E6.3 LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00082 KCNK15 and WISP2 antisense RNA 1 (KCNK15-AS1) KCNK15-AS1; KCNK15 antisense RNA 1 (head to head); RP11-445H22.4 . . HGNC:49901 . ENSG00000244558 106144538 KCNK15-AS1 LncRNA 20q13.12 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00078 KCNMB2 antisense RNA 1 (KCNMB2-AS1) KCNMB2-AS1; RP11-385J1.2 . . HGNC:51409 . ENSG00000237978 104797538 KCNMB2-AS1 LncRNA 3q26.32 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00154 KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) KCNQ1OT1; KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (non-protein coding); KvDMR1; KCNQ1-AS2; KvLQT1-AS; LIT1; NCRNA00012; non-protein coding RNA 12; KCNQ1 antisense RNA 2 (non-protein coding); KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:6295 . ENSG00000269821 10984 KCNQ1OT1 LncRNA 11p15.5 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00306 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) Cytosolic inhibitor of Nrf2; INrf2; Kelch-like protein 19; INRF2; KIAA0132; KLHL19 KEAP1_HUMAN hsa:9817 HGNC:23177 . ENSG00000079999 9817 KEAP1 Protein coding 19p13.2 MQPDPRPSGAGACCRFLPLQSQCPEGAGDAVMYASTECKAEVTPSQHGNRTFSYTLEDHTKQAFGIMNELRLSQQLCDVTLQVKYQDAPAAQFMAHKVVLASSSPVFKAMFTNGLREQGMEVVSIEGIHPKVMERLIEFAYTASISMGEKCVLHVMNGAVMYQIDSVVRACSDFLVQQLDPSNAIGIANFAEQIGCVELHQRAREYIYMHFGEVAKQEEFFNLSHCQLVTLISRDDLNVRCESEVFHACINWVKYDCEQRRFYVQALLRAVRCHSLTPNFLQMQLQKCEILQSDSRCKDYLVKIFEELTLHKPTQVMPCRAPKVGRLIYTAGGYFRQSLSYLEAYNPSDGTWLRLADLQVPRSGLAGCVVGGLLYAVGGRNNSPDGNTDSSALDCYNPMTNQWSPCAPMSVPRNRIGVGVIDGHIYAVGGSHGCIHHNSVERYEPERDEWHLVAPMLTRRIGVGVAVLNRLLYAVGGFDGTNRLNSAECYYPERNEWRMITAMNTIRSGAGVCVLHNCIYAAGGYDGQDQLNSVERYDVETETWTFVAPMKHRRSALGITVHQGRIYVLGGYDGHTFLDSVECYDPDTDTWSEVTRMTSGRSGVGVAVTMEPCRKQIDQQNCTC KEAP1 family Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that regulates the response to oxidative stress by targeting NFE2L2/NRF2 for ubiquitination. KEAP1 acts as a key sensor of oxidative and electrophilic stress: in normal conditions, the BCR(KEAP1) complex mediates ubiquitination and degradation of NFE2L2/NRF2, a transcription factor regulating expression of many cytoprotective genes. In response to oxidative stress, different electrophile metabolites trigger non-enzymatic covalent modifications of highly reactive cysteine residues in KEAP1, leading to inactivate the ubiquitin ligase activity of the BCR(KEAP1) complex, promoting NFE2L2/NRF2 nuclear accumulation and expression of phase II detoxifying enzymes. In response to selective autophagy, KEAP1 is sequestered in inclusion bodies following its interaction with SQSTM1/p62, leading to inactivation of the BCR(KEAP1) complex and activation of NFE2L2/NRF2 . The BCR(KEAP1) complex also mediates ubiquitination of SQSTM1/p62, increasing SQSTM1/p62 sequestering activity and degradation. The BCR(KEAP1) complex also targets BPTF and PGAM5 for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. M6ATAR00769 Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 7 (KRT7) SCL; Keratin; type II cytoskeletal 7 ; Cytokeratin-7; CK-7 ; Keratin-7; K7 ; Sarcolectin ; Type-II keratin Kb7 K2C7_HUMAN hsa:3855 HGNC:6445 . ENSG00000135480.17 3855 KRT7 Protein coding 12q13.13 MSIHFSSPVFTSRSAAFSGRGAQVRLSSARPGGLGSSSLYGLGASRPRVAVRSAYGGPVGAGIREVTINQSLLAPLRLDADPSLQRVRQEESEQIKTLNNKFASFIDKVRFLEQQNKLLETKWTLLQEQKSAKSSRLPDIFEAQIAGLRGQLEALQVDGGRLEAELRSMQDVVEDFKNKYEDEINHRTAAENEFVVLKKDVDAAYMSKVELEAKVDALNDEINFLRTLNETELTELQSQISDTSVVLSMDNSRSLDLDGIIAEVKAQYEEMAKCSRAEAEAWYQTKFETLQAQAGKHGDDLRNTRNEISEMNRAIQRLQAEIDNIKNQRAKLEAAIAEAEERGELALKDARAKQEELEAALQRGKQDMARQLREYQELMSVKLALDIEIATYRKLLEGEESRLAGDGVGAVNISVMNSTGGSSSGGGIGLTLGGTMGSNALSFSSSAGPGLLKAYSIRTASASRRSARD Intermediate filament family Blocks interferon-dependent interphase and stimulates DNA synthesis in cells. Involved in the translational regulation of the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 mRNA (HPV16 E7). M6ATAR00489 Kinesin-like protein KIF26B (KIF26B) . KI26B_HUMAN hsa:55083 HGNC:25484 . ENSG00000162849 26574 KIF26B Protein coding . MNSVAGNKERLAVSTRGKKYGVNEVCSPTKPAAPFSPESWYRKAYEESRAGSRPTPEGAGSALGSSGTPSPGSGTSSPSSFTGSPGPASPGIGTSSPGSLGGSPGFGTGSPGSGSGGGSSPGSDRGVWCENCNARLVELKRQALRLLLPGPFPGKDPAFSAVIHDKLQVPNTIRKAWNDRDNRCDICATHLNQLKQEAIQMVLTLEQAAGSEHYDASPCSPPPLSNIPTLVGSRHVGGLQQPRDWAFVPAPCATSNYTGFANKHGSKPSSLGVSNGAEKKSGSPTHQAKVSLQMATSPSNGNILNSVAIQAHQYLDGTWSLSRTNGVTLYPYQISQLMTESSREGLTEAVLNRYNADKPSACSVPASQGSCVASETSTGTSVAASFFARAAQKLNLSSKKKKHRPSTSSAAEPPLFATSFSGILQTSPPPAPPCLLRAVNKVKDTPGLGKVKVMLRICSTLARDTSESSSFLKVDPRKKQITLYDPLTCGGQNAFQKRGNQVPPKMFAFDAVFPQDASQAEVCAGTVAEVIQSVVNGADGCVFCFGHAKLGKSYTMIGKDDSMQNLGIIPCAISWLFKLINERKEKTGARFSVRVSAVEVWGKEENLRDLLSEVATGSLQDGQSPGVYLCEDPICGTQLQNQSELRAPTAEKAAFFLDAAIASRRSHQQDCDEDDHRNSHVFFTLHIYQYRMEKSGKGGMSGGRSRLHLIDLGSCVKALSKNREGGSGLCLSLSALGNVILALVNGSKHIPYKESKLAMLLRESLGNMNCRTTMIAHISAAVGSYAETLSTIQIASRVLRMKKKKTKYTSSSSGGESSCEEGRMRRPTQLRPFHTRATVDPDFPIAHLSSDPDYSSSSEQSCDTVIYIGPNGTALSDKELTDNEGPPDFVPIVPALQKTRGDSRPAEAGEAAAGKSERDCLKCNTFAELQERLDCIDGSEEPSSFPFEELPAQFGPEQASRGPRLSQAAGASPLSESDKEDNGSEGQLTNREGPELPASKMQRSHSPVPAAAPAHSPSPASPRSVPGSSSQHSASPLVQSPSLQSSRESLNSCGFVEGKPRPMGSPRLGIASLSKTSEYKPPSSPSQRCKVYTQKGVLPSPAPLPPSSKDSGVASRESLLQPEVRTPPVGMSPQVLKKSMSAGSEGFPETPVDDEQQAATPSESKKEILSTTMVTVQQPLELNGEDELVFTLVEELTISGVLDSGRPTSIISFNSDCSARALASGSRPVSIISSISEDLECYSSTAPVSEVSITQFLPLPKMSLDEKAQDAGSRRSSISSWLSEMSAGSEGEQSCHSFIAQTCFGHGEAMAEPVASEFVSSLQNTAVVCREKPKASPDNLLILSEMGDDSFNKAAPIKGCKISTVSKAMVTISNTANLSSCEGYIPMKTNITVYPCIAMSPRNIQEPEAPTATPKAGPTLAQSRESKENSAKKEMKFEDPWLKREEEVKKETAHPNEEGMMRCETATGPSNAETRAEQEQDGKPSPGDRLSSSSGEVSASPVTDNFRRVVDGCEMALPGLATQSPVHPNKSVKSSSLPRAFQKASRQEEPDSLSYYCAAETNGVGAASGTPPSKATLEGKVASPKHCVLARPKGTPPLPPVRKSSLDQKNRASPQHSASGSGTSSPLNQPAAFPAGLPDEPSGKTKDASSSSKLFSAKLEQLASRSNSLGRATVSHYECLSLERAESLSSVSSRLHAGKDGTMPRAGRSLGRSAGTSPPSSGASPKAGQSKISAVSRLLLASPRARGPSASTTKTLSFSTKSLPQAVGQGSSSPPGGKHTPWSTQSLSRNRSSGLASKLPLRAVSGRISELLQGGAGARGLQLRAGPEAEARGGALAEDEPAAAHLLPSPYSKITPPRRPHRCSSGHGSDNSSVLSGELPPAMGKTALFYHSGGSSGYESVMRDSEATGSASSAQDSTSENSSSVGGRCRSLKTPKKRSNPGSQRRRLIPALSLDTSSPVRKPPNSTGVRWVDGPLRSSPRGLGEPFEIKVYEIDDVERLQRRRGGASKEAMCFNAKLKILEHRQQRIAEVRAKYEWLMKELEATKQYLMLDPNKWLSEFDLEQVWELDSLEYLEALECVTERLESRVNFCKAHLMMITCFDITSRRR TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIF26 subfamily. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00283}. Essential for embryonic kidney development. Plays an important role in the compact adhesion between mesenchymal cells adjacent to the ureteric buds, possibly by interacting with MYH10. This could lead to the establishment of the basolateral integrity of the mesenchyme and the polarized expression of ITGA8, which maintains the GDNF expression required for further ureteric bud attraction. Although it seems to lack ATPase activity it is constitutively associated with microtubules (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. M6ATAR00307 Kinesin-like protein KIF2C (KIF2C) Kinesin-like protein 6; Mitotic centromere-associated kinesin; MCAK; KNSL6 KIF2C_HUMAN hsa:11004 HGNC:6393 . ENSG00000142945 11004 KIF2C Protein coding 1p34.1 MAMDSSLQARLFPGLAIKIQRSNGLIHSANVRTVNLEKSCVSVEWAEGGATKGKEIDFDDVAAINPELLQLLPLHPKDNLPLQENVTIQKQKRRSVNSKIPAPKESLRSRSTRMSTVSELRITAQENDMEVELPAAANSRKQFSVPPAPTRPSCPAVAEIPLRMVSEEMEEQVHSIRGSSSANPVNSVRRKSCLVKEVEKMKNKREEKKAQNSEMRMKRAQEYDSSFPNWEFARMIKEFRATLECHPLTMTDPIEEHRICVCVRKRPLNKQELAKKEIDVISIPSKCLLLVHEPKLKVDLTKYLENQAFCFDFAFDETASNEVVYRFTARPLVQTIFEGGKATCFAYGQTGSGKTHTMGGDLSGKAQNASKGIYAMASRDVFLLKNQPCYRKLGLEVYVTFFEIYNGKLFDLLNKKAKLRVLEDGKQQVQVVGLQEHLVNSADDVIKMIDMGSACRTSGQTFANSNSSRSHACFQIILRAKGRMHGKFSLVDLAGNERGADTSSADRQTRMEGAEINKSLLALKECIRALGQNKAHTPFRESKLTQVLRDSFIGENSRTCMIATISPGISSCEYTLNTLRYADRVKELSPHSGPSGEQLIQMETEEMEACSNGALIPGNLSKEEEELSSQMSSFNEAMTQIRELEEKAMEELKEIIQQGPDWLELSEMTEQPDYDLETFVNKAESALAQQAKHFSALRDVIKALRLAMQLEEQASRQISSKKRPQ TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily; Kinesin family; MCAK/KIF2 subfamily In complex with KIF18B, constitutes the major microtubule plus-end depolymerizing activity in mitotic cells. Regulates the turnover of microtubules at the kinetochore and functions in chromosome segregation during mitosis. Plays a role in chromosome congression and is required for the lateral to end-on conversion of the chromosome-microtubule attachment. M6ATAR00692 Kinesin-like protein KIF3C (KIF3C) . KIF3C_HUMAN hsa:3797 HGNC:6321 . ENSG00000084731 3797 KIF3C Protein coding 2p23.3 MASKTKASEALKVVARCRPLSRKEEAAGHEQILTMDVKLGQVTLRNPRAAPGELPKTFTFDAVYDASSKQADLYDETVRPLIDSVLQGFNGTVFAYGQTGTGKTYTMQGTWVEPELRGVIPNAFEHIFTHISRSQNQQYLVRASYLEIYQEEIRDLLSKEPGKRLELKENPETGVYIKDLSSFVTKNVKEIEHVMNLGNQTRAVGSTHMNEVSSRSHAIFIITVECSERGSDGQDHIRVGKLNLVDLAGSERQNKAGPNTAGGAATPSSGGGGGGGGSGGGAGGERPKEASKINLSLSALGNVIAALAGNRSTHIPYRDSKLTRLLQDSLGGNAKTIMVATLGPASHSYDESLSTLRFANRAKNIKNKPRVNEDPKDTLLREFQEEIARLKAQLEKRGMLGKRPRRKSSRRKKAVSAPPGYPEGPVIEAWVAEEEDDNNNNHRPPQPILESALEKNMENYLQEQKERLEEEKAAIQDDRSLVSEEKQKLLEEKEKMLEDLRREQQATELLAAKYKAMESKLLIGGRNIMDHTNEQQKMLELKRQEIAEQKRREREMQQEMMLRDEETMELRGTYTSLQQEVEVKTKKLKKLYAKLQAVKAEIQDQHDEYIRVRQDLEEAQNEQTRELKLKYLIIENFIPPEEKNKIMNRLFLDCEEEQWKFQPLVPAGVSSSQMKKRPTSAVGYKRPISQYARVAMAMGSHPRYRAENIMFLELDVSPPAVFEMEFSHDQEQDPRALHMERLMRLDSFLERPSTSKVRKSRSWCQSPQRPPPSTTHASLASASLRPATVADHE TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily, Kinesin family, Kinesin II subfamily Microtubule-based anterograde translocator for membranous organelles. M6ATAR00792 KRT7-AS . . . HGNC:52643 . ENSG00000257671 109729127 KRT7-AS LncRNA 12q13.13 . . . M6ATAR00510 Krueppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) Transcriptional repressor AP-2rep KLF12_HUMAN hsa:11278 HGNC:6346 . ENSG00000118922 11278 KLF12 Protein coding 13q22.1 MNIHMKRKTIKNINTFENRMLMLDGMPAVRVKTELLESEQGSPNVHNYPDMEAVPLLLNNVKGEPPEDSLSVDHFQTQTEPVDLSINKARTSPTAVSSSPVSMTASASSPSSTSTSSSSSSRLASSPTVITSVSSASSSSTVLTPGPLVASASGVGGQQFLHIIHPVPPSSPMNLQSNKLSHVHRIPVVVQSVPVVYTAVRSPGNVNNTIVVPLLEDGRGHGKAQMDPRGLSPRQSKSDSDDDDLPNVTLDSVNETGSTALSIARAVQEVHPSPVSRVRGNRMNNQKFPCSISPFSIESTRRQRRSESPDSRKRRIHRCDFEGCNKVYTKSSHLKAHRRTHTGEKPYKCTWEGCTWKFARSDELTRHYRKHTGVKPFKCADCDRSFSRSDHLALHRRRHMLV Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Confers strong transcriptional repression to the AP-2-alpha gene. Binds to a regulatory element (A32) in the AP-2-alpha gene promoter. M6ATAR00714 Krueppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) Lung krueppel-like factor KLF2_HUMAN hsa:10365 HGNC:6347 . ENSG00000127528 10365 KLF2 Protein coding 19p13.11 MALSEPILPSFSTFASPCRERGLQERWPRAEPESGGTDDDLNSVLDFILSMGLDGLGAEAAPEPPPPPPPPAFYYPEPGAPPPYSAPAGGLVSELLRPELDAPLGPALHGRFLLAPPGRLVKAEPPEADGGGGYGCAPGLTRGPRGLKREGAPGPAASCMRGPGGRPPPPPDTPPLSPDGPARLPAPGPRASFPPPFGGPGFGAPGPGLHYAPPAPPAFGLFDDAAAAAAALGLAPPAARGLLTPPASPLELLEAKPKRGRRSWPRKRTATHTCSYAGCGKTYTKSSHLKAHLRTHTGEKPYHCNWDGCGWKFARSDELTRHYRKHTGHRPFQCHLCDRAFSRSDHLALHMKRHM Krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Transcription factor that binds to the CACCC box in the promoter of target genes such as HBB/beta globin or NOV and activates their transcription. Might be involved in transcriptional regulation by modulating the binding of the RARA nuclear receptor to RARE DNA elements. M6ATAR00310 Krueppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) Epithelial zinc finger protein EZF; Gut-enriched krueppel-like factor; EZF; GKLF KLF4_HUMAN hsa:9314 HGNC:6348 . ENSG00000136826 9314 KLF4 Protein coding 9q31.2 MRQPPGESDMAVSDALLPSFSTFASGPAGREKTLRQAGAPNNRWREELSHMKRLPPVLPGRPYDLAAATVATDLESGGAGAACGGSNLAPLPRRETEEFNDLLDLDFILSNSLTHPPESVAATVSSSASASSSSSPSSSGPASAPSTCSFTYPIRAGNDPGVAPGGTGGGLLYGRESAPPPTAPFNLADINDVSPSGGFVAELLRPELDPVYIPPQQPQPPGGGLMGKFVLKASLSAPGSEYGSPSVISVSKGSPDGSHPVVVAPYNGGPPRTCPKIKQEAVSSCTHLGAGPPLSNGHRPAAHDFPLGRQLPSRTTPTLGLEEVLSSRDCHPALPLPPGFHPHPGPNYPSFLPDQMQPQVPPLHYQGQSRGFVARAGEPCVCWPHFGTHGMMLTPPSSPLELMPPGSCMPEEPKPKRGRRSWPRKRTATHTCDYAGCGKTYTKSSHLKAHLRTHTGEKPYHCDWDGCGWKFARSDELTRHYRKHTGHRPFQCQKCDRAFSRSDHLALHMKRHF krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Transcription factor; can act both as activator and as repressor. Binds the 5'-CACCC-3' core sequence. Binds to the promoter region of its own gene and can activate its own transcription. Regulates the expression of key transcription factors during embryonic development. Plays an important role in maintaining embryonic stem cells, and in preventing their differentiation. Required for establishing the barrier function of the skin and for postnatal maturation and maintenance of the ocular surface. Involved in the differentiation of epithelial cells and may also function in skeletal and kidney development. Contributes to the down-regulation of p53/TP53 transcription. M6ATAR00311 Krueppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) Basic transcription element-binding protein 2; BTE-binding protein 2; Colon krueppel-like factor; GC-box-binding protein 2; Intestinal-enriched krueppel-like factor; Transcription factor BTEB2; BTEB2; CKLF; IKLF KLF5_HUMAN hsa:688 HGNC:6349 . ENSG00000102554 688 KLF5 Protein coding 13q22.1 MATRVLSMSARLGPVPQPPAPQDEPVFAQLKPVLGAANPARDAALFPGEELKHAHHRPQAQPAPAQAPQPAQPPATGPRLPPEDLVQTRCEMEKYLTPQLPPVPIIPEHKKYRRDSASVVDQFFTDTEGLPYSINMNVFLPDITHLRTGLYKSQRPCVTHIKTEPVAIFSHQSETTAPPPAPTQALPEFTSIFSSHQTAAPEVNNIFIKQELPTPDLHLSVPTQQGHLYQLLNTPDLDMPSSTNQTAAMDTLNVSMSAAMAGLNTHTSAVPQTAVKQFQGMPPCTYTMPSQFLPQQATYFPPSPPSSEPGSPDRQAEMLQNLTPPPSYAATIASKLAIHNPNLPTTLPVNSQNIQPVRYNRRSNPDLEKRRIHYCDYPGCTKVYTKSSHLKAHLRTHTGEKPYKCTWEGCDWRFARSDELTRHYRKHTGAKPFQCGVCNRSFSRSDHLALHMKRHQN krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Transcription factor that binds to GC box promoter elements. Activates the transcription of these genes. M6ATAR00771 Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain; LDH-A; EC 1.1.1.27 ; Cell proliferation-inducing gene 19 protein ; LDH muscle subunit; LDH-M ; Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-59 LDHA_HUMAN hsa:3939 HGNC:6535 . ENSG00000134333.14 3939 LDHA Protein coding 11p15.1 MATLKDQLIYNLLKEEQTPQNKITVVGVGAVGMACAISILMKDLADELALVDVIEDKLKGEMMDLQHGSLFLRTPKIVSGKDYNVTANSKLVIITAGARQQEGESRLNLVQRNVNIFKFIIPNVVKYSPNCKLLIVSNPVDILTYVAWKISGFPKNRVIGSGCNLDSARFRYLMGERLGVHPLSCHGWVLGEHGDSSVPVWSGMNVAGVSLKTLHPDLGTDKDKEQWKEVHKQVVESAYEVIKLKGYTSWAIGLSVADLAESIMKNLRRVHPVSTMIKGLYGIKDDVFLSVPCILGQNGISDLVKVTLTSEEEARLKKSADTLWGIQKELQF LDH/MDH superfamily, LDH family Interconverts simultaneously and stereospecifically pyruvate and lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH and NAD(+). M6ATAR00146 LBX2 antisense RNA 1 (LBX2-AS1) LBX2-AS1; LBX2 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:25136 . ENSG00000257702 151534 LBX2-AS1 LncRNA 2p13.1 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00041 LCAT3 . . . . . . . LCAT3 LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00316 Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 4 (LILRB4) . LIRB4_HUMAN hsa:11006 HGNC:6608 . ENSG00000275730; ENSG00000186818 11006 LILRB4 Protein coding 19q13.42 MIPTFTALLCLGLSLGPRTHMQAGPLPKPTLWAEPGSVISWGNSVTIWCQGTLEAREYRLDKEESPAPWDRQNPLEPKNKARFSIPSMTEDYAGRYRCYYRSPVGWSQPSDPLELVMTGAYSKPTLSALPSPLVTSGKSVTLLCQSRSPMDTFLLIKERAAHPLLHLRSEHGAQQHQAEFPMSPVTSVHGGTYRCFSSHGFSHYLLSHPSDPLELIVSGSLEDPRPSPTRSVSTAAGPEDQPLMPTGSVPHSGLRRHWEVLIGVLVVSILLLSLLLFLLLQHWRQGKHRTLAQRQADFQRPPGAAEPEPKDGGLQRRSSPAADVQGENFCAAVKNTQPEDGVEMDTRQSPHDEDPQAVTYAKVKHSRPRREMASPPSPLSGEFLDTKDRQAEEDRQMDTEAAASEAPQDVTYAQLHSFTLRQKATEPPPSQEGASPAEPSVYATLAIH . Inhibitory receptor involved in the down-regulation of the immune response and the development of immune tolerance. Receptor for FN1. Receptor for apolipoprotein APOE. Receptor for ALCAM/CD166. Inhibits receptor-mediated phosphorylation of cellular proteins and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions. Inhibits FCGR1A/CD64-mediated monocyte activation by inducing phosphatase-mediated down-regulation of the phosphorylation of multiple proteins including LCK, SYK, LAT and ERK, leading to a reduction in TNF production. This inhibition of monocyte activation occurs at least in part via binding to FN1. Inhibits T cell proliferation, inducing anergy, suppressing the differentiation of IFNG-producing CD8+ cytoxic T cells and enhancing the generation of CD8+ T suppressor cells. Induces up-regulation of CD86 on dendritic cells. Interferes with TNFRSF5-signaling and NF-kappa-B up-regulation. M6ATAR00492 Leukocyte surface antigen CD47 (CD47) Antigenic surface determinant protein OA3; Integrin-associated protein; IAP; Protein MER6; CD47 CD47_HUMAN hsa:961 HGNC:1682 . ENSG00000196776 961 CD47 Protein coding 3q13.12 MWPLVAALLLGSACCGSAQLLFNKTKSVEFTFCNDTVVIPCFVTNMEAQNTTEVYVKWKFKGRDIYTFDGALNKSTVPTDFSSAKIEVSQLLKGDASLKMDKSDAVSHTGNYTCEVTELTREGETIIELKYRVVSWFSPNENILIVIFPIFAILLFWGQFGIKTLKYRSGGMDEKTIALLVAGLVITVIVIVGAILFVPGEYSLKNATGLGLIVTSTGILILLHYYVFSTAIGLTSFVIAILVIQVIAYILAVVGLSLCIAACIPMHGPLLISGLSILALAQLLGLVYMKFVASNQKTIQPPRKAVEEPLNAFKESKGMMNDE . Has a role in both cell adhesion by acting as an adhesion receptor for THBS1 on platelets, and in the modulation of integrins. Plays an important role in memory formation and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus (By similarity). Receptor for SIRPA, binding to which prevents maturation of immature dendritic cells and inhibits cytokine production by mature dendritic cells. Interaction with SIRPG mediates cell-cell adhesion, enhances superantigen-dependent T-cell-mediated proliferation and costimulates T-cell activation. May play a role in membrane transport and/or integrin dependent signal transduction. May prevent premature elimination of red blood cells. May be involved in membrane permeability changes induced following virus infection. M6ATAR00766 L-glutamine amidohydrolase (GLS2) GA; Glutaminase liver isoform; mitochondrial; GLS; EC 3.5.1.2 ; L-glutaminase ; L-glutamine amidohydrolase GLSL_HUMAN hsa:27165 HGNC:29570 . ENSG00000135423.13 27165 GLS2 Protein coding 12q13.3 MRSMKALQKALSRAGSHCGRGGWGHPSRSPLLGGGVRHHLSEAAAQGRETPHSHQPQHQDHDSSESGMLSRLGDLLFYTIAEGQERIPIHKFTTALKATGLQTSDPRLRDCMSEMHRVVQESSSGGLLDRDLFRKCVSSNIVLLTQAFRKKFVIPDFEEFTGHVDRIFEDVKELTGGKVAAYIPQLAKSNPDLWGVSLCTVDGQRHSVGHTKIPFCLQSCVKPLTYAISISTLGTDYVHKFVGKEPSGLRYNKLSLNEEGIPHNPMVNAGAIVVSSLIKMDCNKAEKFDFVLQYLNKMAGNEYMGFSNATFQSEKETGDRNYAIGYYLKEKKCFPKGVDMMAALDLYFQLCSVEVTCESGSVMAATLANGGICPITGESVLSAEAVRNTLSLMHSCGMYDFSGQFAFHVGLPAKSAVSGAILLVVPNVMGMMCLSPPLDKLGNSHRGTSFCQKLVSLFNFHNYDNLRHCARKLDPRREGAEIRNKTVVNLLFAAYSGDVSALRRFALSAMDMEQKDYDSRTALHVAAAEGHIEVVKFLIEACKVNPFAKDRWGNIPLDDAVQFNHLEVVKLLQDYQDSYTLSETQAEAAAEALSKENLESMV Glutaminase family Plays an important role in the regulation of glutamine catabolism. Promotes mitochondrial respiration and increases ATP generation in cells by catalyzing the synthesis of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate. Increases cellular anti-oxidant function via NADH and glutathione production. May play a role in preventing tumor proliferation. M6ATAR00099 LIFR antisense RNA 1 (LIFR-AS1) LIFR-AS1; LIFR antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:43600 . ENSG00000244968 100506495 LIFR-AS1 LncRNA 5p13.1 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00628 LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 (LASP1) LASP-1; Metastatic lymph node gene 50 protein; MLN 50 LASP1_HUMAN hsa:3927 HGNC:6513 . ENSG00000002834 3927 LASP1 Protein coding 17q12 MNPNCARCGKIVYPTEKVNCLDKFWHKACFHCETCKMTLNMKNYKGYEKKPYCNAHYPKQSFTMVADTPENLRLKQQSELQSQVRYKEEFEKNKGKGFSVVADTPELQRIKKTQDQISNIKYHEEFEKSRMGPSGGEGMEPERRDSQDGSSYRRPLEQQQPHHIPTSAPVYQQPQQQPVAQSYGGYKEPAAPVSIQRSAPGGGGKRYRAVYDYSAADEDEVSFQDGDTIVNVQQIDDGWMYGTVERTGDTGMLPANYVEAI . Plays an important role in the regulation of dynamic actin-based, cytoskeletal activities. Agonist-dependent changes in LASP1 phosphorylation may also serve to regulate actin-associated ion transport activities, not only in the parietal cell but also in certain other F-actin-rich secretory epithelial cell types (By similarity). M6ATAR00675 LINC00035 (ABHD11-AS1) NCRNA00035; non-protein coding RNA 35WBSCR26; LINC00035; ABHD11-AS1 . . HGNC:18289 . ENSG00000225969 171022 ABHD11-AS1 LncRNA 7q11.23 . . . M6ATAR00742 LINC00902 (TUSC7) LINC00902; LOC285194; NCRNA00295; LSAMP-AS3; non-protein coding RNA 295; LSAMP antisense RNA 3; tumor suppressor candidate 7 (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:27701 . ENSG00000243197 285194 TUSC7 LncRNA 3q13.31 . . . M6ATAR00562 LINE-1 (LINE-1) . . . . . . . LINE-1 Protein coding . . . . M6ATAR00317 LINE-1 type transposase domain-containing protein 1 (LINE-1/L1TD1) ES cell-associated protein 11; ECAT11 LITD1_HUMAN hsa:54596 HGNC:25595 . ENSG00000240563 54596 L1TD1 Protein coding 1p31.3 MSDVSTSVQSKFARLAKKKENITYMKREQLTETDKDIAPVLDLKCKDVSAIMNKFKVLMEIQDLMFEEMRETLKNDLKAVLGGKATIPEVKNSENSSSRTEFQQIINLALQKTGMVGKIEGENSKIGDDNENLTFKLEVNELSGKLDNTNEYNSNDGKKLPQGESRSYEVMGSMEETLCNIDDRDGNRNVHLEFTERESRKDGEDEFVKEMREERKFQKLKNKEEVLKASREEKVLMDEGAVLTLVADLSSATLDISKQWSNVFNILRENDFEPKFLCEVKLAFKCDGEIKTFSDLQSLRKFASQKSSVKELLKDVLPQKEEINQGGRKYGIQEKRDKTLIDSKHRAGEITSDGLSFLFLKEVKVAKPEEMKNLETQEEEFSELEELDEEASGMEDDEDTSGLEEEEEEPSGLEEEEEEEASGLEEDEASGLEEEEEQTSEQDSTFQGHTLVDAKHEVEITSDGMETTFIDSVEDSESEEEEEGKSSETGKVKTTSLTEKKASRRQKEIPFSYLVGDSGKKKLVKHQVVHKTQEEEETAVPTSQGTGTPCLTLCLASPSKSLEMSHDEHKKHSHTNLSISTGVTKLKKTEEKKHRTLHTEELTSKEADLTEETEENLRSSVINSIREIKEEIGNLKSSHSGVLEIENSVDDLSSRMDILEERIDSLEDQIEEFSKDTMQMTKQIISKERQRDIEERSRSCNIRLIGIPEKESYENRAEDIIKEIIDENFAELKKGSSLEIVSACRVPSKIDEKRLTPRHILVKFWNSSDKEKIIRASRERREITYQGTRIRLTADLSLDTLDARSKWSNVFKVLLEKGFNPRILYPAKMAFDFRGKTKVFLSIEEFRDYVLHMPTLRELLGNNIP transposase 22 family . M6ATAR00601 Lnc_CDC5L . . . . . . . Lnc_CDC5L LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00001 Lnc_D63785 . . . . . . . Lnc_D63785 LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00588 Lnc_LSG1 . . . . . . . Lnc-LSG1 LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00602 Lnc_STAT3 . . . . . . . Lnc_STAT3 LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00080 LncRNA activating regulator of DKK1 (LNCAROD) LNCAROD; LINC01468; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1468; lnc-MBL2-4; A-ROD; Activating Regulator of DKK1 . . HGNC:50913 . ENSG00000231131 101928687 LNCAROD LncRNA 10q21.1 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00788 LOC10013.776 (AGAP2-AS1) LOC10013.776; PUNISHER . . HGNC:48633 . ENSG00000255737 100130776 AGAP2-AS1 LncRNA 12q14.1 . . . M6ATAR00659 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1273 (LINC01273) . . . HGNC:50329 . ENSG00000231742 101927541 LINC01273 LncRNA 20q13.13 . . . M6ATAR00081 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1320 (LINC01320) LINC01320 . . HGNC:50526 . ENSG00000228262 104355288 LINC01320 LncRNA 2p22.3 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00691 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1833 (LINC01833) RP11-89; K21.1 . . HGNC:52644 . ENSG00000259439 107985879 LINC01833 LncRNA 2p21 . . . M6ATAR00074 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2598 (LINC02598/RP11) LINC02598; RP11; 277P12.9 . . HGNC:53954 . ENSG00000256155 112588022 LINC02598 LncRNA 12p13.2 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00073 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2604 (LINC02604/RP11-458F8.4) LINC02604; lncHERG; highly expressed long noncoding RNA in glioblastoma . . HGNC:53972 . ENSG00000273142 644794 LINC02604 LncRNA 7q11.21 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00105 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 278 (LINC00278) LINC00278; NCRNA00278; non-protein coding RNA 278; YY1BM; YY1-blocking micropeptide . . HGNC:38712 . ENSG00000231535 100873962 LINC00278 LncRNA Yp11.31 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00100 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 460 (LINC00460) LINC00460 . . HGNC:42809 . ENSG00000233532 728192 LINC00460 LncRNA 13q33.2 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00157 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 470 (LINC00470) LINC00470; C18orf2; chromosome 18 open reading frame 2 . . HGNC:1225 . ENSG00000132204 56651 LINC00470 LncRNA 18p11.32 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00784 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 657 (NORAD) LINC00657; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 657 . . HGNC:44311 . ENSG00000260032 647979 LncRNA NORAD LncRNA 20q11.23 . . . M6ATAR00568 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 680 (LINC00680) . . . HGNC:44417 . ENSG00000215190 106660612 LINC00680 LncRNA 6p11.2 . . . M6ATAR00093 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 857 (LINC00857) LINC00857; HUMT; lncRNA highly upregulated in metastatic TNBC-lymph node . . HGNC:45114 . ENSG00000237523 439990 LINC00857 LncRNA 10q22.3 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00090 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 920 (LINC00920/LINRIS) LINC00920; CALIC; LINRIS; Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA for IGF2BP2 Stability . . HGNC:48611 . ENSG00000246898 100505865 LINC00920 LncRNA 16q21 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00089 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 942 (LINC00942) LINC00942 . . HGNC:48636 . ENSG00000249628 100292680 LINC00942 LncRNA 12p13.33 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00088 Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 958 (LINC00958) LINC00958 . . HGNC:48671 . ENSG00000251381 100506305 LINC00958 LncRNA 11p15.3 . Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs . M6ATAR00678 Ly6/PLAUR domain-containing protein 1 (LYPD1) Putative HeLa tumor suppressor; PHTS LYPD1_HUMAN hsa:116372 HGNC:28431 . ENSG00000150551 116372 LYPD1 Protein coding 2q21.2 MWVLGIAATFCGLFLLPGFALQIQCYQCEEFQLNNDCSSPEFIVNCTVNVQDMCQKEVMEQSAGIMYRKSCASSAACLIASAGYQSFCSPGKLNSVCISCCNTPLCNGPRPKKRGSSASALRPGLRTTILFLKLALFSAHC . Believed to act as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) activity. In vitro increases receptor desensitization and decreases affinity for ACh of alpha-4:beta-2-containing nAChRs. May play a role in the intracellular trafficking of alpha-4:beta-2 and alpha-7-containing nAChRs and may inhibit their expression at the cell surface. May be involved in the control of anxiety. M6ATAR00315 Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) LEF-1; T cell-specific transcription factor 1-alpha; TCF1-alpha LEF1_HUMAN hsa:51176 HGNC:6551 . ENSG00000138795 51176 LEF1 Protein coding 4q25 MPQLSGGGGGGGGDPELCATDEMIPFKDEGDPQKEKIFAEISHPEEEGDLADIKSSLVNESEIIPASNGHEVARQAQTSQEPYHDKAREHPDDGKHPDGGLYNKGPSYSSYSGYIMMPNMNNDPYMSNGSLSPPIPRTSNKVPVVQPSHAVHPLTPLITYSDEHFSPGSHPSHIPSDVNSKQGMSRHPPAPDIPTFYPLSPGGVGQITPPLGWQGQPVYPITGGFRQPYPSSLSVDTSMSRFSHHMIPGPPGPHTTGIPHPAIVTPQVKQEHPHTDSDLMHVKPQHEQRKEQEPKRPHIKKPLNAFMLYMKEMRANVVAECTLKESAAINQILGRRWHALSREEQAKYYELARKERQLHMQLYPGWSARDNYGKKKKRKREKLQESASGTGPRMTAAYI TCF/LEF family Transcription factor that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner. Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway (By similarity). Activates transcription of target genes in the presence of CTNNB1 and EP300 (By similarity). PIAG antagonizes both Wnt-dependent and Wnt-independent activation by LEF1 (By similarity). TLE1, TLE2, TLE3 and TLE4 repress transactivation mediated by LEF1 and CTNNB1. Regulates T-cell receptor alpha enhancer function. Required for IL17A expressing gamma-delta T-cell maturation and development, via binding to regulator loci of BLK to modulate expression (By similarity). May play a role in hair cell differentiation and follicle morphogenesis (By similarity). [Isoform 1]: Transcriptionally activates MYC and CCND1 expression and enhances proliferation of pancreatic tumor cells. [Isoform 3]: Lacks the CTNNB1 interaction domain and may therefore be an antagonist for Wnt signaling. [Isoform 5]: Transcriptionally activates the fibronectin promoter, binds to and represses transcription from the E-cadherin promoter in a CTNNB1-independent manner, and is involved in reducing cellular aggregation and increasing cell migration of pancreatic cancer cells. M6ATAR00332 Macrophage metalloelastase (MMP12) MME; Macrophage elastase; ME; hME; Matrix metalloproteinase-12; MMP-12; HME MMP12_HUMAN hsa:4321 HGNC:7158 . ENSG00000262406 4321 MMP12 Protein coding 11q22.2 MKFLLILLLQATASGALPLNSSTSLEKNNVLFGERYLEKFYGLEINKLPVTKMKYSGNLMKEKIQEMQHFLGLKVTGQLDTSTLEMMHAPRCGVPDVHHFREMPGGPVWRKHYITYRINNYTPDMNREDVDYAIRKAFQVWSNVTPLKFSKINTGMADILVVFARGAHGDFHAFDGKGGILAHAFGPGSGIGGDAHFDEDEFWTTHSGGTNLFLTAVHEIGHSLGLGHSSDPKAVMFPTYKYVDINTFRLSADDIRGIQSLYGDPKENQRLPNPDNSEPALCDPNLSFDAVTTVGNKIFFFKDRFFWLKVSERPKTSVNLISSLWPTLPSGIEAAYEIEARNQVFLFKDDKYWLISNLRPEPNYPKSIHSFGFPNFVKKIDAAVFNPRFYRTYFFVDNQYWRYDERRQMMDPGYPKLITKNFQGIGPKIDAVFYSKNKYYYFFQGSNQFEYDFLLQRITKTLKSNSWFGC peptidase M10A family May be involved in tissue injury and remodeling. Has significant elastolytic activity. Can accept large and small amino acids at the P1' site, but has a preference for leucine. Aromatic or hydrophobic residues are preferred at the P1 site, with small hydrophobic residues (preferably alanine) occupying P3. M6ATAR00023 Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) . AKTS1_HUMAN, LST8_HUMAN, MTOR_HUMAN, RPTOR_HUMAN . . . . . . Protein coding . . . . M6ATAR00005 Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) . SIN1_HUMAN, LST8_HUMAN, MTOR_HUMAN, PRR5_HUMAN, RICTR_HUMAN . . . . . . Protein coding . . . . M6ATAR00537 MAP kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4) MAP kinase kinase 4; MAPKK 4; JNK-activating kinase 1; MAPK/ERK kinase 4; MEK 4; SAPK/ERK kinase 1; SEK1; Stress-activated protein kinase kinase 1; SAPK kinase 1; SAPKK-1; SAPKK1; c-Jun N-terminal kinase kinase 1; JNKK MP2K4_HUMAN hsa:6416 HGNC:6844 . ENSG00000065559 6416 MAP2K4 Protein coding 17p12 MAAPSPSGGGGSGGGSGSGTPGPVGSPAPGHPAVSSMQGKRKALKLNFANPPFKSTARFTLNPNPTGVQNPHIERLRTHSIESSGKLKISPEQHWDFTAEDLKDLGEIGRGAYGSVNKMVHKPSGQIMAVKRIRSTVDEKEQKQLLMDLDVVMRSSDCPYIVQFYGALFREGDCWICMELMSTSFDKFYKYVYSVLDDVIPEEILGKITLATVKALNHLKENLKIIHRDIKPSNILLDRSGNIKLCDFGISGQLVDSIAKTRDAGCRPYMAPERIDPSASRQGYDVRSDVWSLGITLYELATGRFPYPKWNSVFDQLTQVVKGDPPQLSNSEEREFSPSFINFVNLCLTKDESKRPKYKELLKHPFILMYEERAVEVACYVCKILDQMPATPSSPMYVD Protein kinase superfamily, STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family, MAP kinase kinase subfamily Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Essential component of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. With MAP2K7/MKK7, is the one of the only known kinase to directly activate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2 and MAPK10/JNK3. MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 both activate the JNKs by phosphorylation, but they differ in their preference for the phosphorylation site in the Thr-Pro-Tyr motif. MAP2K4 shows preference for phosphorylation of the Tyr residue and MAP2K7/MKK7 for the Thr residue. The phosphorylation of the Thr residue by MAP2K7/MKK7 seems to be the prerequisite for JNK activation at least in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines, while other stimuli activate both MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 which synergistically phosphorylate JNKs. MAP2K4 is required for maintaining peripheral lymphoid homeostasis. The MKK/JNK signaling pathway is also involved in mitochondrial death signaling pathway, including the release cytochrome c, leading to apoptosis. Whereas MAP2K7/MKK7 exclusively activates JNKs, MAP2K4/MKK4 additionally activates the p38 MAPKs MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14. M6ATAR00565 MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase 2 (MNK2) MAP kinase signal-integrating kinase 2; MAPK signal-integrating kinase 2; Mnk2 MKNK2_HUMAN hsa:2872 HGNC:7111 . ENSG00000099875 2872 MNK2 Protein coding 19p13.3 MVQKKPAELQGFHRSFKGQNPFELAFSLDQPDHGDSDFGLQCSARPDMPASQPIDIPDAKKRGKKKKRGRATDSFSGRFEDVYQLQEDVLGEGAHARVQTCINLITSQEYAVKIIEKQPGHIRSRVFREVEMLYQCQGHRNVLELIEFFEEEDRFYLVFEKMRGGSILSHIHKRRHFNELEASVVVQDVASALDFLHNKGIAHRDLKPENILCEHPNQVSPVKICDFDLGSGIKLNGDCSPISTPELLTPCGSAEYMAPEVVEAFSEEASIYDKRCDLWSLGVILYILLSGYPPFVGRCGSDCGWDRGEACPACQNMLFESIQEGKYEFPDKDWAHISCAAKDLISKLLVRDAKQRLSAAQVLQHPWVQGCAPENTLPTPMVLQRNSCAKDLTSFAAEAIAMNRQLAQHDEDLAEEEAAGQGQPVLVRATSRCLQLSPPSQSKLAQRRQRASLSSAPVVLVGDHA Protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family Serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates SFPQ/PSF, HNRNPA1 and EIF4E. May play a role in the response to environmental stress and cytokines. Appears to regulate translation by phosphorylating EIF4E, thus increasing the affinity of this protein for the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap. Required for mediating PP2A-inhibition-induced EIF4E phosphorylation. Triggers EIF4E shuttling from cytoplasm to nucleus. Isoform 1 displays a high basal kinase activity, but isoform 2 exhibits a very low kinase activity. Acts as a mediator of the suppressive effects of IFNgamma on hematopoiesis. Negative regulator for signals that control generation of arsenic trioxide As(2)O(3)-dependent apoptosis and anti-leukemic responses. Involved in anti-apoptotic signaling in response to serum withdrawal. M6ATAR00337 MARCKS-related protein (MARCKSL1) MARCKS-like protein 1; Macrophage myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate; Mac-MARCKS; MacMARCKS; MLP; MRP MRP_HUMAN hsa:65108 HGNC:7142 . ENSG00000175130 65108 MARCKSL1 Protein coding 1p35.1 MGSQSSKAPRGDVTAEEAAGASPAKANGQENGHVKSNGDLSPKGEGESPPVNGTDEAAGATGDAIEPAPPSQGAEAKGEVPPKETPKKKKKFSFKKPFKLSGLSFKRNRKEGGGDSSASSPTEEEQEQGEIGACSDEGTAQEGKAAATPESQEPQAKGAEASAASEEEAGPQATEPSTPSGPESGPTPASAEQNE MARCKS family Controls cell movement by regulating actin cytoskeleton homeostasis and filopodium and lamellipodium formation. When unphosphorylated, induces cell migration (By similarity). When phosphorylated by MAPK8, induces actin bundles formation and stabilization, thereby reducing actin plasticity, hence restricting cell movement, including neuronal migration (By similarity). May be involved in coupling the protein kinase C and calmodulin signal transduction systems (By similarity). M6ATAR00150 Maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) MEG3; maternally expressed 3; maternally expressed 3 (non-protein coding); GTL2; NCRNA00023; LINC00023; onco-lncRNA-83; non-protein coding RNA 23; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 23; gene trap locus 2 . . HGNC:14575 . ENSG00000214548 55384 MEG3 LncRNA 14q32.2 . MicroRNA non-coding host genes; Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00687 Matrix metalloproteinase-24 (MMP24) MMP-24; Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase 5; MT-MMP 5; MTMMP5; Membrane-type-5 matrix metalloproteinase; MT5-MMP; MT5MMP MMP24_HUMAN hsa:10893 HGNC:7172 . ENSG00000125966 10893 MMP24 Protein coding 20q11.22 MPRSRGGRAAPGPPPPPPPPGQAPRWSRWRVPGRLLLLLLPALCCLPGAARAAAAAAGAGNRAAVAVAVARADEAEAPFAGQNWLKSYGYLLPYDSRASALHSAKALQSAVSTMQQFYGIPVTGVLDQTTIEWMKKPRCGVPDHPHLSRRRRNKRYALTGQKWRQKHITYSIHNYTPKVGELDTRKAIRQAFDVWQKVTPLTFEEVPYHEIKSDRKEADIMIFFASGFHGDSSPFDGEGGFLAHAYFPGPGIGGDTHFDSDEPWTLGNANHDGNDLFLVAVHELGHALGLEHSSDPSAIMAPFYQYMETHNFKLPQDDLQGIQKIYGPPAEPLEPTRPLPTLPVRRIHSPSERKHERQPRPPRPPLGDRPSTPGTKPNICDGNFNTVALFRGEMFVFKDRWFWRLRNNRVQEGYPMQIEQFWKGLPARIDAAYERADGRFVFFKGDKYWVFKEVTVEPGYPHSLGELGSCLPREGIDTALRWEPVGKTYFFKGERYWRYSEERRATDPGYPKPITVWKGIPQAPQGAFISKEGYYTYFYKGRDYWKFDNQKLSVEPGYPRNILRDWMGCNQKEVERRKERRLPQDDVDIMVTINDVPGSVNAVAVVIPCILSLCILVLVYTIFQFKNKTGPQPVTYYKRPVQEWV Peptidase M10A family Metalloprotease that mediates cleavage of N-cadherin (CDH2) and acts as a regulator of neuro-immune interactions and neural stem cell quiescence. Involved in cell-cell interactions between nociceptive neurites and mast cells, possibly by mediating cleavage of CDH2, thereby acting as a mediator of peripheral thermal nociception and inflammatory hyperalgesia. Key regulator of neural stem cells quiescence by mediating cleavage of CDH2, affecting CDH2-mediated anchorage of neural stem cells to ependymocytes in the adult subependymal zone, leading to modulate their quiescence. May play a role in axonal growth. Able to activate progelatinase A. May also be a proteoglycanase involved in degradation of proteoglycans, such as dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Cleaves partially fibronectin, but not collagen type I, nor laminin (By similarity). M6ATAR00335 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) MMP-9; 92 kDa gelatinase; 92 kDa type IV collagenase; Gelatinase B; GELB; CLG4B MMP9_HUMAN hsa:4318 HGNC:7176 . ENSG00000100985 4318 MMP9 Protein coding 20q13.12 MSLWQPLVLVLLVLGCCFAAPRQRQSTLVLFPGDLRTNLTDRQLAEEYLYRYGYTRVAEMRGESKSLGPALLLLQKQLSLPETGELDSATLKAMRTPRCGVPDLGRFQTFEGDLKWHHHNITYWIQNYSEDLPRAVIDDAFARAFALWSAVTPLTFTRVYSRDADIVIQFGVAEHGDGYPFDGKDGLLAHAFPPGPGIQGDAHFDDDELWSLGKGVVVPTRFGNADGAACHFPFIFEGRSYSACTTDGRSDGLPWCSTTANYDTDDRFGFCPSERLYTQDGNADGKPCQFPFIFQGQSYSACTTDGRSDGYRWCATTANYDRDKLFGFCPTRADSTVMGGNSAGELCVFPFTFLGKEYSTCTSEGRGDGRLWCATTSNFDSDKKWGFCPDQGYSLFLVAAHEFGHALGLDHSSVPEALMYPMYRFTEGPPLHKDDVNGIRHLYGPRPEPEPRPPTTTTPQPTAPPTVCPTGPPTVHPSERPTAGPTGPPSAGPTGPPTAGPSTATTVPLSPVDDACNVNIFDAIAEIGNQLYLFKDGKYWRFSEGRGSRPQGPFLIADKWPALPRKLDSVFEERLSKKLFFFSGRQVWVYTGASVLGPRRLDKLGLGADVAQVTGALRSGRGKMLLFSGRRLWRFDVKAQMVDPRSASEVDRMFPGVPLDTHDVFQYREKAYFCQDRFYWRVSSRSELNQVDQVGYVTYDILQCPED peptidase M10A family Matrix metalloproteinase that plays an essential role in local proteolysis of the extracellular matrix and in leukocyte migration. Could play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption (By similarity). Cleaves KiSS1 at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Cleaves NINJ1 to generate the Secreted ninjurin-1 form. Cleaves type IV and type V collagen into large C-terminal three quarter fragments and shorter N-terminal one quarter fragments. M6ATAR00324 Meiosis-specific with coiled-coil domain protein (MEIOC) Meiosis-specific with coiled-coil domain protein; C17orf104 MEIOC_HUMAN hsa:284071 HGNC:26670 . ENSG00000180336 284071 MEIOC Protein coding 17q21.31 MEVRRGDTCPRPHPSGLREEGLEPKVAFPGGANRCWNLGADAGSRLTDVFGSVMLTGSASFYDCYTSQSEDNVDLRQTYTPFSSTEYSSSVDSSLFCAPWSTYGDDIKQPSNSQISIKNRIQTERNDYGSETDLYGLVSNILEEQDKSQPYFAEGTCSSNLKSVWPMNTSRFADHHDLLTETKRPIDTVISQQAFYSDESVSAMEKQYLRNSNLTPQQKIDELHHGFTGLDLEEQWMYPSRSDHSNCHNIQTNDTAKTTFQEYPLIKNCFTPQTGLSDIMKESGVDIYHYGRDRICTKGLEAPLQQKRAEMFLSQFNRYNENVDYCRYPEYVHPNKAKLNKCSNFSVQDSKKLANGTPETPTVEADTYTKLFQVKPANQKKMEETIPDQQNFTFPKTTPHLTEKQFAKEAVFTADFGLTSEYGLKPHTACPANDFANVTEKQQFAKPDPPHSEYFKSVNLLSNSATSSGGINLNRPTWMNVQTKNNTPIPYRNQGNLMKLNSHLSAASKGSNHSSDFPQLSSTNLTPNSNLFQKYCQENPSAFSSFDFSYSGAERIQSVNHIEGLTKPGEENLFKLVTDKKIKQPNGFCDNYSAQKYGIIENVNKHNFQAKPQSGHYDPEEGPKHLDGLSQNTYQDLLESQGHSNSHRTRGGDNSRVNRTQVSCFSNNYMMGDLRHNQCFQQLGSNGFPLRSTHPFGHSVVPLLDSYDLLSYDDLSHLYPYFNMMYGDNSFSGLMPTFGFQRPIKTRSGPASELHIRLEECCEQWRALEKERKKTELALAKNYPGKKVSSTNNTPVPRLTSNPSRVDRLIVDELRELARVVTLLGKMERLRSSLLHASISTALDRHLESIHIVQSRRKDEIVNASNRQRQGVPRCQDDRDVFALASAIKEMCVATRKTRTALWCALQMTLPKTASTADVVKPLQDTVNCEDKVHESINSSNPMNQRGETNKH . Is required for meiosis completion in both male and female germ cells. Confers stability to numerous meiotic mRNAs in gonads allowing proper initiation and progression into meiosis prophase I. The function may involve YTHDC2 and is independent of induction by retinoic acid (RA). Maintains an extended meiotic prophase I by properly promoting the transition from a mitotic to a meiotic cell cycle program by binding transcripts through its interaction with YTHDC2 that regulate the mitotic cell cycle. M6ATAR00702 Melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) MC4-R MC4R_HUMAN hsa:4160 HGNC:6932 . ENSG00000166603 4160 MC4R Protein coding 18q21.32 MVNSTHRGMHTSLHLWNRSSYRLHSNASESLGKGYSDGGCYEQLFVSPEVFVTLGVISLLENILVIVAIAKNKNLHSPMYFFICSLAVADMLVSVSNGSETIVITLLNSTDTDAQSFTVNIDNVIDSVICSSLLASICSLLSIAVDRYFTIFYALQYHNIMTVKRVGIIISCIWAACTVSGILFIIYSDSSAVIICLITMFFTMLALMASLYVHMFLMARLHIKRIAVLPGTGAIRQGANMKGAITLTILIGVFVVCWAPFFLHLIFYISCPQNPYCVCFMSHFNLYLILIMCNSIIDPLIYALRSQELRKTFKEIICCYPLGGLCDLSSRY G-protein coupled receptor 1 family Receptor specific to the heptapeptide core common to adrenocorticotropic hormone and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-MSH. Plays a central role in energy homeostasis and somatic growth. This receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase (cAMP). M6ATAR00754 Melanoma-associated antigen D1 (MAGED1) NRAGE; Melanoma-associated antigen D1 ; MAGE tumor antigen CCF ; MAGE-D1 antigen ; Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homolog MAGD1_HUMAN hsa:9500 HGNC:6813 . ENSG00000179222.18 9500 MAGED1 Protein coding Xp11.22 MAQKMDCGAGLLGFQAEASVEDSALLMQTLMEAIQISEAPPTNQATAAASPQSSQPPTANEMADIQVSAAAARPKSAFKVQNATTKGPNGVYDFSQAHNAKDVPNTQPKAAFKSQNATPKGPNAAYDFSQAATTGELAANKSEMAFKAQNATTKVGPNATYNFSQSLNANDLANSRPKTPFKAWNDTTKAPTADTQTQNVNQAKMATSQADIETDPGISEPDGATAQTSADGSQAQNLESRTIIRGKRTRKINNLNVEENSSGDQRRAPLAAGTWRSAPVPVTTQNPPGAPPNVLWQTPLAWQNPSGWQNQTARQTPPARQSPPARQTPPAWQNPVAWQNPVIWPNPVIWQNPVIWPNPIVWPGPVVWPNPLAWQNPPGWQTPPGWQTPPGWQGPPDWQGPPDWPLPPDWPLPPDWPLPTDWPLPPDWIPADWPIPPDWQNLRPSPNLRPSPNSRASQNPGAAQPRDVALLQERANKLVKYLMLKDYTKVPIKRSEMLRDIIREYTDVYPEIIERACFVLEKKFGIQLKEIDKEEHLYILISTPESLAGILGTTKDTPKLGLLLVILGVIFMNGNRASEAVLWEALRKMGLRPGVRHPLLGDLRKLLTYEFVKQKYLDYRRVPNSNPPEYEFLWGLRSYHETSKMKVLRFIAEVQKRDPRDWTAQFMEAADEALDALDAAAAEAEARAEARTRMGIGDEAVSGPWSWDDIEFELLTWDEEGDFGDPWSRIPFTFWARYHQNARSRFPQTFAGPIIGPGGTASANFAANFGAIGFFWVE . Involved in the apoptotic response after nerve growth factor (NGF) binding in neuronal cells. Inhibits cell cycle progression, and facilitates NGFR-mediated apoptosis. May act as a regulator of the function of DLX family members. May enhance ubiquitin ligase activity of RING-type zinc finger-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. Proposed to act through recruitment and/or stabilization of the Ubl-conjugating enzyme (E2) at the E3:substrate complex. Plays a role in the circadian rhythm regulation. May act as RORA co-regulator, modulating the expression of core clock genes such as ARNTL/BMAL1 and NFIL3, induced, or NR1D1, repressed. M6ATAR00171 Meltrin-beta (ADAM19) ADAM 19; Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 19; Metalloprotease and disintegrin dendritic antigen marker; MADDAM; MLTNB; FKSG34 ADA19_HUMAN hsa:8728 HGNC:197 . ENSG00000135074 8728 ADAM19 Protein coding 5q33.3 MPGGAGAARLCLLAFALQPLRPRAAREPGWTRGSEEGSPKLQHELIIPQWKTSESPVREKHPLKAELRVMAEGRELILDLEKNEQLFAPSYTETHYTSSGNPQTTTRKLEDHCFYHGTVRETELSSVTLSTCRGIRGLITVSSNLSYVIEPLPDSKGQHLIYRSEHLKPPPGNCGFEHSKPTTRDWALQFTQQTKKRPRRMKREDLNSMKYVELYLVADYLEFQKNRRDQDATKHKLIEIANYVDKFYRSLNIRIALVGLEVWTHGNMCEVSENPYSTLWSFLSWRRKLLAQKYHDNAQLITGMSFHGTTIGLAPLMAMCSVYQSGGVNMDHSENAIGVAATMAHEMGHNFGMTHDSADCCSASAADGGCIMAAATGHPFPKVFNGCNRRELDRYLQSGGGMCLSNMPDTRMLYGGRRCGNGYLEDGEECDCGEEEECNNPCCNASNCTLRPGAECAHGSCCHQCKLLAPGTLCREQARQCDLPEFCTGKSPHCPTNFYQMDGTPCEGGQAYCYNGMCLTYQEQCQQLWGPGARPAPDLCFEKVNVAGDTFGNCGKDMNGEHRKCNMRDAKCGKIQCQSSEARPLESNAVPIDTTIIMNGRQIQCRGTHVYRGPEEEGDMLDPGLVMTGTKCGYNHICFEGQCRNTSFFETEGCGKKCNGHGVCNNNQNCHCLPGWAPPFCNTPGHGGSIDSGPMPPESVGPVVAGVLVAILVLAVLMLMYYCCRQNNKLGQLKPSALPSKLRQQFSCPFRVSQNSGTGHANPTFKLQTPQGKRKVINTPEILRKPSQPPPRPPPDYLRGGSPPAPLPAHLSRAARNSPGPGSQIERTESSRRPPPSRPIPPAPNCIVSQDFSRPRPPQKALPANPVPGRRSLPRPGGASPLRPPGAGPQQSRPLAALAPKVSPREALKVKAGTRGLQGGRCRVEKTKQFMLLVVWTELPEQKPRAKHSCFLVPA . Participates in the proteolytic processing of beta-type neuregulin isoforms which are involved in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, suggesting a regulatory role in glial cell. Also cleaves alpha-2 macroglobulin. May be involved in osteoblast differentiation and/or osteoblast activity in bone (By similarity). M6ATAR00745 Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1) Erythroid-potentiating activity; EPA; Fibroblast collagenase inhibitor; Collagenase inhibitor; Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1; TIMP-1 TIMP1_HUMAN hsa:7076 HGNC:11820 . ENSG00000102265 7076 TIMP-1 Protein coding Xp11.3 MAPFEPLASGILLLLWLIAPSRACTCVPPHPQTAFCNSDLVIRAKFVGTPEVNQTTLYQRYEIKMTKMYKGFQALGDAADIRFVYTPAMESVCGYFHRSHNRSEEFLIAGKLQDGLLHITTCSFVAPWNSLSLAQRRGFTKTYTVGCEECTVFPCLSIPCKLQSGTHCLWTDQLLQGSEKGFQSRHLACLPREPGLCTWQSLRSQIA Protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family Metalloproteinase inhibitor that functions by forming one to one complexes with target metalloproteinases, such as collagenases, and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. Acts on MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP7, MMP8, MMP9, MMP10, MMP11, MMP12, MMP13 and MMP16. Does not act on MMP14. Also functions as a growth factor that regulates cell differentiation, migration and cell death and activates cellular signaling cascades via CD63 and ITGB1. Plays a role in integrin signaling. Mediates erythropoiesis in vitro; but, unlike IL3, it is species-specific, stimulating the growth and differentiation of only human and murine erythroid progenitors. M6ATAR00648 Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 (TIMP2) CSC-21K; Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2; TIMP-2 TIMP2_HUMAN hsa:7077 HGNC:11821 . ENSG00000035862 7077 TIMP2 Protein coding 17q25.3 MGAAARTLRLALGLLLLATLLRPADACSCSPVHPQQAFCNADVVIRAKAVSEKEVDSGNDIYGNPIKRIQYEIKQIKMFKGPEKDIEFIYTAPSSAVCGVSLDVGGKKEYLIAGKAEGDGKMHITLCDFIVPWDTLSTTQKKSLNHRYQMGCECKITRCPMIPCYISSPDECLWMDWVTEKNINGHQAKFFACIKRSDGSCAWYRGAAPPKQEFLDIEDP Protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. Known to act on MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-13, MMP-14, MMP-15, MMP-16 and MMP-19. M6ATAR00431 Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 (TIMP3) Protein MIG-5; Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3; TIMP-3 TIMP3_HUMAN hsa:7078 HGNC:11822 . ENSG00000100234 7078 TIMP3 Protein coding 22q12.3 MTPWLGLIVLLGSWSLGDWGAEACTCSPSHPQDAFCNSDIVIRAKVVGKKLVKEGPFGTLVYTIKQMKMYRGFTKMPHVQYIHTEASESLCGLKLEVNKYQYLLTGRVYDGKMYTGLCNFVERWDQLTLSQRKGLNYRYHLGCNCKIKSCYYLPCFVTSKNECLWTDMLSNFGYPGYQSKHYACIRQKGGYCSWYRGWAPPDKSIINATDP protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. May form part of a tissue-specific acute response to remodeling stimuli. Known to act on MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-13, MMP-14 and MMP-15. M6ATAR00706 Metalloreductase STEAP2 (STEAP2) Prostate cancer-associated protein 1; Protein up-regulated in metastatic prostate cancer; PUMPCn; Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 2; SixTransMembrane protein of prostate 1 STEA2_HUMAN hsa:261729 HGNC:17885 . ENSG00000157214 261729 STEAP2 Protein coding 7q21.13 MESISMMGSPKSLSETFLPNGINGIKDARKVTVGVIGSGDFAKSLTIRLIRCGYHVVIGSRNPKFASEFFPHVVDVTHHEDALTKTNIIFVAIHREHYTSLWDLRHLLVGKILIDVSNNMRINQYPESNAEYLASLFPDSLIVKGFNVVSAWALQLGPKDASRQVYICSNNIQARQQVIELARQLNFIPIDLGSLSSAREIENLPLRLFTLWRGPVVVAISLATFFFLYSFVRDVIHPYARNQQSDFYKIPIEIVNKTLPIVAITLLSLVYLAGLLAAAYQLYYGTKYRRFPPWLETWLQCRKQLGLLSFFFAMVHVAYSLCLPMRRSERYLFLNMAYQQVHANIENSWNEEEVWRIEMYISFGIMSLGLLSLLAVTSIPSVSNALNWREFSFIQSTLGYVALLISTFHVLIYGWKRAFEEEYYRFYTPPNFVLALVLPSIVILGKIILFLPCISRKLKRIKKGWEKSQFLEEGMGGTIPHVSPERVTVM STEAP family Metalloreductase that has the ability to reduce both Fe(3+) to Fe(2+) and Cu(2+) to Cu(1+). Uses NAD(+) as acceptor (By similarity). M6ATAR00141 Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) MALAT1; metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (non-protein coding); PRO1073; MALAT-1; NCRNA00047; HCN; NEAT2; LINC00047; mascRNA; metastasis associated in lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; non-protein coding RNA 47; hepcarcin; nuclear enriched abundant transcript 2; nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 2 (non-protein coding); long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 47 . . HGNC:29665 . ENSG00000251562 378938 MALAT1 LncRNA 11q13.1 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00542 Metastasis-associated protein MTA1 (MTA1) . MTA1_HUMAN hsa:9112 HGNC:7410 . ENSG00000182979 9112 MTA1 Protein coding 14q32.33 MAANMYRVGDYVYFENSSSNPYLIRRIEELNKTANGNVEAKVVCFYRRRDISSTLIALADKHATLSVCYKAGPGADNGEEGEIEEEMENPEMVDLPEKLKHQLRHRELFLSRQLESLPATHIRGKCSVTLLNETESLKSYLEREDFFFYSLVYDPQQKTLLADKGEIRVGNRYQADITDLLKEGEEDGRDQSRLETQVWEAHNPLTDKQIDQFLVVARSVGTFARALDCSSSVRQPSLHMSAAAASRDITLFHAMDTLHKNIYDISKAISALVPQGGPVLCRDEMEEWSASEANLFEEALEKYGKDFTDIQQDFLPWKSLTSIIEYYYMWKTTDRYVQQKRLKAAEAESKLKQVYIPNYNKPNPNQISVNNVKAGVVNGTGAPGQSPGAGRACESCYTTQSYQWYSWGPPNMQCRLCASCWTYWKKYGGLKMPTRLDGERPGPNRSNMSPHGLPARSSGSPKFAMKTRQAFYLHTTKLTRIARRLCREILRPWHAARHPYLPINSAAIKAECTARLPEASQSPLVLKQAVRKPLEAVLRYLETHPRPPKPDPVKSVSSVLSSLTPAKVAPVINNGSPTILGKRSYEQHNGVDGNMKKRLLMPSRGLANHGQARHMGPSRNLLLNGKSYPTKVRLIRGGSLPPVKRRRMNWIDAPDDVFYMATEETRKIRKLLSSSETKRAARRPYKPIALRQSQALPPRPPPPAPVNDEPIVIED . Transcriptional coregulator which can act as both a transcriptional corepressor and coactivator. As a part of the histone-deacetylase multiprotein complex (NuRD), regulates transcription of its targets by modifying the acetylation status of the target chromatin and cofactor accessibility to the target DNA. In conjunction with other components of NuRD, acts as a transcriptional corepressor of BRCA1, ESR1, TFF1 and CDKN1A. Acts as a transcriptional coactivator of BCAS3, PAX5 and SUMO2, independent of the NuRD complex. Stimulates the expression of WNT1 by inhibiting the expression of its transcriptional corepressor SIX3. Regulates p53-dependent and -independent DNA repair processes following genotoxic stress. Regulates the stability and function of p53/TP53 by inhibiting its ubiquitination by COP1 and MDM2 thereby regulating the p53-dependent DNA repair. Plays an important role in tumorigenesis, tumor invasion, and metastasis. Involved in the epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer in a TFAP2C, IFI16 and HDAC4/5/6-dependent manner. Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian clock and is essential for the generation and maintenance of circadian rhythms under constant light and for normal entrainment of behavior to light-dark (LD) cycles. Positively regulates the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer mediated transcriptional activation of its own transcription and the transcription of CRY1. Regulates deacetylation of ARNTL/BMAL1 by regulating SIRT1 expression, resulting in derepressing CRY1-mediated transcription repression. Isoform Short binds to ESR1 and sequesters it in the cytoplasm and enhances its non-genomic responses. With TFCP2L1, promotes establishment and maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and inhibits endoderm differentiation (By similarity). M6ATAR00326 Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase (MGMT) 6-O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; MGMT; O-6-methylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase MGMT_HUMAN hsa:4255 HGNC:7059 . ENSG00000170430 4255 MGMT Protein coding 10q26.3 MDKDCEMKRTTLDSPLGKLELSGCEQGLHEIKLLGKGTSAADAVEVPAPAAVLGGPEPLMQCTAWLNAYFHQPEAIEEFPVPALHHPVFQQESFTRQVLWKLLKVVKFGEVISYQQLAALAGNPKAARAVGGAMRGNPVPILIPCHRVVCSSGAVGNYSGGLAVKEWLLAHEGHRLGKPGLGGSSGLAGAWLKGAGATSGSPPAGRN MGMT family Involved in the cellular defense against the biological effects of O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG) and O4-methylthymine (O4-MeT) in DNA. Repairs the methylated nucleobase in DNA by stoichiometrically transferring the methyl group to a cysteine residue in the enzyme. This is a suicide reaction: the enzyme is irreversibly inactivated. M6ATAR00637 Methylcytosine dioxygenase TET1 (TET1) CXXC-type zinc finger protein 6; Leukemia-associated protein with a CXXC domain; Ten-eleven translocation 1 gene protein TET1_HUMAN hsa:80312 HGNC:29484 . ENSG00000138336 80312 TET1 Protein coding 10q21.3 MSRSRHARPSRLVRKEDVNKKKKNSQLRKTTKGANKNVASVKTLSPGKLKQLIQERDVKKKTEPKPPVPVRSLLTRAGAARMNLDRTEVLFQNPESLTCNGFTMALRSTSLSRRLSQPPLVVAKSKKVPLSKGLEKQHDCDYKILPALGVKHSENDSVPMQDTQVLPDIETLIGVQNPSLLKGKSQETTQFWSQRVEDSKINIPTHSGPAAEILPGPLEGTRCGEGLFSEETLNDTSGSPKMFAQDTVCAPFPQRATPKVTSQGNPSIQLEELGSRVESLKLSDSYLDPIKSEHDCYPTSSLNKVIPDLNLRNCLALGGSTSPTSVIKFLLAGSKQATLGAKPDHQEAFEATANQQEVSDTTSFLGQAFGAIPHQWELPGADPVHGEALGETPDLPEIPGAIPVQGEVFGTILDQQETLGMSGSVVPDLPVFLPVPPNPIATFNAPSKWPEPQSTVSYGLAVQGAIQILPLGSGHTPQSSSNSEKNSLPPVMAISNVENEKQVHISFLPANTQGFPLAPERGLFHASLGIAQLSQAGPSKSDRGSSQVSVTSTVHVVNTTVVTMPVPMVSTSSSSYTTLLPTLEKKKRKRCGVCEPCQQKTNCGECTYCKNRKNSHQICKKRKCEELKKKPSVVVPLEVIKENKRPQREKKPKVLKADFDNKPVNGPKSESMDYSRCGHGEEQKLELNPHTVENVTKNEDSMTGIEVEKWTQNKKSQLTDHVKGDFSANVPEAEKSKNSEVDKKRTKSPKLFVQTVRNGIKHVHCLPAETNVSFKKFNIEEFGKTLENNSYKFLKDTANHKNAMSSVATDMSCDHLKGRSNVLVFQQPGFNCSSIPHSSHSIINHHASIHNEGDQPKTPENIPSKEPKDGSPVQPSLLSLMKDRRLTLEQVVAIEALTQLSEAPSENSSPSKSEKDEESEQRTASLLNSCKAILYTVRKDLQDPNLQGEPPKLNHCPSLEKQSSCNTVVFNGQTTTLSNSHINSATNQASTKSHEYSKVTNSLSLFIPKSNSSKIDTNKSIAQGIITLDNCSNDLHQLPPRNNEVEYCNQLLDSSKKLDSDDLSCQDATHTQIEEDVATQLTQLASIIKINYIKPEDKKVESTPTSLVTCNVQQKYNQEKGTIQQKPPSSVHNNHGSSLTKQKNPTQKKTKSTPSRDRRKKKPTVVSYQENDRQKWEKLSYMYGTICDIWIASKFQNFGQFCPHDFPTVFGKISSSTKIWKPLAQTRSIMQPKTVFPPLTQIKLQRYPESAEEKVKVEPLDSLSLFHLKTESNGKAFTDKAYNSQVQLTVNANQKAHPLTQPSSPPNQCANVMAGDDQIRFQQVVKEQLMHQRLPTLPGISHETPLPESALTLRNVNVVCSGGITVVSTKSEEEVCSSSFGTSEFSTVDSAQKNFNDYAMNFFTNPTKNLVSITKDSELPTCSCLDRVIQKDKGPYYTHLGAGPSVAAVREIMENRYGQKGNAIRIEIVVYTGKEGKSSHGCPIAKWVLRRSSDEEKVLCLVRQRTGHHCPTAVMVVLIMVWDGIPLPMADRLYTELTENLKSYNGHPTDRRCTLNENRTCTCQGIDPETCGASFSFGCSWSMYFNGCKFGRSPSPRRFRIDPSSPLHEKNLEDNLQSLATRLAPIYKQYAPVAYQNQVEYENVARECRLGSKEGRPFSGVTACLDFCAHPHRDIHNMNNGSTVVCTLTREDNRSLGVIPQDEQLHVLPLYKLSDTDEFGSKEGMEAKIKSGAIEVLAPRRKKRTCFTQPVPRSGKKRAAMMTEVLAHKIRAVEKKPIPRIKRKNNSTTTNNSKPSSLPTLGSNTETVQPEVKSETEPHFILKSSDNTKTYSLMPSAPHPVKEASPGFSWSPKTASATPAPLKNDATASCGFSERSSTPHCTMPSGRLSGANAAAADGPGISQLGEVAPLPTLSAPVMEPLINSEPSTGVTEPLTPHQPNHQPSFLTSPQDLASSPMEEDEQHSEADEPPSDEPLSDDPLSPAEEKLPHIDEYWSDSEHIFLDANIGGVAIAPAHGSVLIECARRELHATTPVEHPNRNHPTRLSLVFYQHKNLNKPQHGFELNKIKFEAKEAKNKKMKASEQKDQAANEGPEQSSEVNELNQIPSHKALTLTHDNVVTVSPYALTHVAGPYNHWV TET family Dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and plays a key role in active DNA demethylation . Also mediates subsequent conversion of 5hmC into 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and conversion of 5fC to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). In addition to its role in DNA demethylation, plays a more general role in chromatin regulation by recruiting histone modifying protein complexes to alter histone marks and chromatin accessibility, leading to both activation and repression of gene expression. Plays therefore a role in many biological processes and diseases, including stem cell maintenance, T and B-cell development, inflammation regulation, genomic imprinting, neural activity or DNA repair. Involved in the balance between pluripotency and lineage commitment of cells it plays a role in embryonic stem cells maintenance and inner cell mass cell specification. Plays an important role in the tumorigenicity of glioblastoma cells. TET1-mediated production of 5hmC acts as a recruitment signal for the CHTOP-methylosome complex to selective sites on the chromosome, where it methylates H4R3 and activates the transcription of genes involved in glioblastomagenesis . Binds preferentially to DNA containing cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides over CpH (H=A, T, and C), hemimethylated-CpG and hemimethylated-hydroxymethyl-CpG. Plays an essential role in the protection and maintenance of transcriptional and developmental programs together with QSER1 to inhibit the binding of DNMT3A/3B and therefore de novo methylation. M6ATAR00228 Microprocessor complex subunit DGCR8 (DGCR8) DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8; C22orf12; DGCRK6; LP4941 DGCR8_HUMAN hsa:54487 HGNC:2847 . ENSG00000128191 54487 DGCR8 Protein coding 22q11.21 METDESPSPLPCGPAGEAVMESRARPFQALPREQSPPPPLQTSSGAEVMDVGSGGDGQSELPAEDPFNFYGASLLSKGSFSKGRLLIDPNCSGHSPRTARHAPAVRKFSPDLKLLKDVKISVSFTESCRSKDRKVLYTGAERDVRAECGLLLSPVSGDVHACPFGGSVGDGVGIGGESADKKDEENELDQEKRVEYAVLDELEDFTDNLELDEEGAGGFTAKAIVQRDRVDEEALNFPYEDDFDNDVDALLEEGLCAPKKRRTEEKYGGDSDHPSDGETSVQPMMTKIKTVLKSRGRPPTEPLPDGWIMTFHNSGVPVYLHRESRVVTWSRPYFLGTGSIRKHDPPLSSIPCLHYKKMKDNEEREQSSDLTPSGDVSPVKPLSRSAELEFPLDEPDSMGADPGPPDEKDPLGAEAAPGALGQVKAKVEVCKDESVDLEEFRSYLEKRFDFEQVTVKKFRTWAERRQFNREMKRKQAESERPILPANQKLITLSVQDAPTKKEFVINPNGKSEVCILHEYMQRVLKVRPVYNFFECENPSEPFGASVTIDGVTYGSGTASSKKLAKNKAARATLEILIPDFVKQTSEEKPKDSEELEYFNHISIEDSRVYELTSKAGLLSPYQILHECLKRNHGMGDTSIKFEVVPGKNQKSEYVMACGKHTVRGWCKNKRVGKQLASQKILQLLHPHVKNWGSLLRMYGRESSKMVKQETSDKSVIELQQYAKKNKPNLHILSKLQEEMKRLAEEREETRKKPKMSIVASAQPGGEPLCTVDV . Component of the microprocessor complex that acts as a RNA- and heme-binding protein that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DGCR8 function as a molecular anchor necessary for the recognition of pri-miRNA at dsRNA-ssRNA junction and directs DROSHA to cleave 11 bp away form the junction to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. The heme-bound DGCR8 dimer binds pri-miRNAs as a cooperative trimer (of dimers) and is active in triggering pri-miRNA cleavage, whereas the heme-free DGCR8 monomer binds pri-miRNAs as a dimer and is much less active. Both double-stranded and single-stranded regions of a pri-miRNA are required for its binding. Specifically recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing pri-miRNAs, a modification required for pri-miRNAs processing. Involved in the silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal (By similarity). M6ATAR00138 microRNA 107 (MIR107) MIR107; MIRN107; hsa-mir-107 . . HGNC:31496 MI0000114 ENSG00000198997 406901 MIR107 microRNA 10q23.31 . MicroRNA MIR103/107 family . M6ATAR00109 microRNA 1246 (MIR1246) MIR1246; MIRN1246; hsa-mir-1246 . . HGNC:35312 MI0006381 ENSG00000283203 100302142 MIR1246 microRNA 2q31.1 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00137 microRNA 126 (MIR126) MIR126; MIRN126; hsa-mir-126 . . HGNC:31508 MI0000471 ENSG00000199161 406913 MIR126 microRNA 9q34.3 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00110 microRNA 1305 (MIR1305) MIR1305; MIRN1305; hsa-mir-1305 . . HGNC:35303 MI0006372 ENSG00000221227 100302270 MIR1305 microRNA 4q34.3 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00136 microRNA 145 (MIR145) MIR145; MIRN145; hsa-mir-145; MIR-145 . . HGNC:31532 MI0000461 ENSG00000276365 406937 MIR145 microRNA 5q32 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00785 microRNA 150 (MIR150) hsa-mir-150; MIRN150 . . HGNC:31537 MI0000479 ENSG00000207782 406942 MIR150 microRNA 19q13.33 . MicroRNA MIRLET7 family . M6ATAR00135 microRNA 155 (MIR155) MIR155; MIRN155; hsa-mir-155 . . HGNC:31542 MI0000681 ENSG00000283904 406947 MIR155 microRNA 21q21.3 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00134 microRNA 186 (MIR186) MIR186; MIRN186; hsa-mir-186 . . HGNC:31557 MI0000483 ENSG00000207721 406962 MIR186 microRNA 1p31.1 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00132 microRNA 21 (MIR21) MIR21; MIRN21; hsa-mir-21; MIR-21 . . HGNC:31586 MI0000077 ENSG00000284190 406991 MIR21 microRNA 17q23.1 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00131 microRNA 211 (MIR211) MIR211; MIRN211; hsa-mir-211 . . HGNC:31588 MI0000287 ENSG00000207702 406993 MIR211 microRNA 15q13.3 . MicroRNA MIR204/211 family . M6ATAR00130 microRNA 221 (MIR221) MIR221; MIRN221; hsa-mir-221 . . HGNC:31601 MI0000298 ENSG00000207870 407006 MIR221 microRNA Xp11.3 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00129 microRNA 222 (MIR222) MIR222; MIRN222; hsa-mir-222 . . HGNC:31602 MI0000299 ENSG00000207725 407007 MIR222 microRNA Xp11.3 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00128 microRNA 23a (MIR23A) MIR23A; MIRN23A; hsa-mir-23a . . HGNC:31605 MI0000079 ENSG00000207980 407010 MIR23A microRNA 19p13.12 . MicroRNA MIR23 family . M6ATAR00127 microRNA 25 (MIR25) MIR25; MIRN25; hsa-mir-25 . . HGNC:31609 MI0000082 ENSG00000207547 407014 MIR25 microRNA 7q22.1 . MicroRNA MIR25/92 family . M6ATAR00126 microRNA 29a (MIR29A) MIR29A; MIRN29MIRN29A; microRNA 29; hsa-mir-29; hsa-mir-29a . . HGNC:31616 MI0000087 ENSG00000284032 407021 MIR29A microRNA 7q32.3 . MicroRNA MIR29 family . M6ATAR00121 microRNA 335 (MIR335) MIR335; MIRN335; hsa-mir-335 . . HGNC:31773 MI0000816 ENSG00000199043 442904 MIR335 microRNA 7q32.2 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00119 microRNA 370 (MIR370) MIR370; MIRN370; hsa-mir-370 . . HGNC:31784 MI0000778 ENSG00000199005 442915 MIR370 microRNA 14q32.31 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00118 microRNA 375 (MIR375) MIR375; MIRN375; hsa-mir-375 . . HGNC:31868 MI0000783 ENSG00000198973 494324 MIR375 microRNA 2q35 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00115 microRNA 576 (MIR576) MIR576; MIRN576; hsa-mir-576 . . HGNC:32832 MI0003583 ENSG00000207988 693161 MIR576 microRNA 4q25 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00114 microRNA 660 (MIR660) MIR660; MIRN660; hsa-mir-660 . . HGNC:32916 MI0003684 ENSG00000207970 724030 MIR660 microRNA Xp11.23 . MicroRNA MIR188/532 family . M6ATAR00111 microRNA 675 (MIR675) MIR675; MIRN675; hsa-mir-675 . . HGNC:33351 MI0005416 ENSG00000284010 100033819 MIR675 microRNA 11p15.5 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00125 microRNA 7-1 (MIR7-1) MIR7-1; MIRN7-1; hsa-mir-7-1 . . HGNC:31638 MI0000263 ENSG00000284179 407043 MIR7-1 microRNA 9q21.32 . MicroRNA MIR7 family . M6ATAR00124 microRNA 93 (MIR93) MIR93; MIRN93; hsa-mir-93 . . HGNC:31645 MI0000095 ENSG00000207757 407050 MIR93 microRNA 7q22.1 . MicroRNA MIR17 family . M6ATAR00485 microRNA let-7b (MIRLET7B) hsa-let-7b; MIRNLET7B . . HGNC:31479 . ENSG00000284520 406884 MIRLET7B microRNA 22q13.31 . MicroRNA MIRLET7 family . M6ATAR00139 microRNA let-7g (MIRLET7G) MIRLET7G; MIRNLET7G; hsa-let-7g . . HGNC:31485 MI0000433 ENSG00000199150 406890 MIRLET7G microRNA 3p21.2 . MicroRNA MIRLET7 family . M6ATAR00611 Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) MAP-2 MTAP2_HUMAN hsa:4133 HGNC:6839 . ENSG00000078018 4133 MAP2 Protein coding 2q34 MADERKDEAKAPHWTSAPLTEASAHSHPPEIKDQGGAGEGLVRSANGFPYREDEEGAFGEHGSQGTYSNTKENGINGELTSADRETAEEVSARIVQVVTAEAVAVLKGEQEKEAQHKDQTAALPLAAEETANLPPSPPPSPASEQTVTVEEDLLTASKMEFHDQQELTPSTAEPSDQKEKESEKQSKPGEDLKHAALVSQPETTKTYPDKKDMQGTEEEKAPLALFGHTLVASLEDMKQKTEPSLVVPGIDLPKEPPTPKEQKDWFIEMPTEAKKDEWGLVAPISPGPLTPMREKDVFDDIPKWEGKQFDSPMPSPFQGGSFTLPLDVMKNEIVTETSPFAPAFLQPDDKKSLQQTSGPATAKDSFKIEEPHEAKPDKMAEAPPSEAMTLPKDAHIPVVEEHVMGKVLEEEKEAINQETVQQRDTFTPSGQEPILTEKETELKLEEKTTISDKEAVPKESKPPKPADEEIGIIQTSTEHTFSEQKDQEPTTDMLKQDSFPVSLEQAVTDSAMTSKTLEKAMTEPSALIEKSSIQELFEMRVDDKDKIEGVGAATSAELDMPFYEDKSGMSKYFETSALKEEATKSIEPGSDYYELSDTRESVHESIDTMSPMHKNGDKEFQTGKESQPSPPAQEAGYSTLAQSYPSDLPEEPSSPQERMFTIDPKVYGEKRDLHSKNKDDLTLSRSLGLGGRSAIEQRSMSINLPMSCLDSIALGFNFGRGHDLSPLASDILTNTSGSMDEGDDYLPATTPALEKAPCFPVESKEEEQIEKVKATGEESTQAEISCESPFLAKDFYKNGTVMAPDLPEMLDLAGTRSRLASVSADAEVARRKSVPSETVVEDSRTGLPPVTDENHVIVKTDSQLEDLGYCVFNKYTVPLPSPVQDSENLSGESGTFYEGTDDKVRRDLATDLSLIEVKLAAAGRVKDEFSVDKEASAHISGDKSGLSKEFDQEKKANDRLDTVLEKSEEHADSKEHAKKTEEAGDEIETFGLGVTYEQALAKDLSIPTDASSEKAEKGLSSVPEIAEVEPSKKVEQGLDFAVQGQLDVKISDFGQMASGLNIDDRRATELKLEATQDMTPSSKAPQEADAFMGVESGHMKEGTKVSETEVKEKVAKPDLVHQEAVDKEESYESSGEHESLTMESLKADEGKKETSPESSLIQDEIAVKLSVEIPCPPAVSEADLATDERADVQMEFIQGPKEESKETPDISITPSDVAEPLHETIVSEPAEIQSEEEEIEAQGEYDKLLFRSDTLQITDLGVSGAREEFVETCPSEHKGVIESVVTIEDDFITVVQTTTDEGESGSHSVRFAALEQPEVERRPSPHDEEEFEVEEAAEAQAEPKDGSPEAPASPEREEVALSEYKTETYDDYKDETTIDDSIMDADSLWVDTQDDDRSIMTEQLETIPKEEKAEKEARRSSLEKHRKEKPFKTGRGRISTPERKVAKKEPSTVSRDEVRRKKAVYKKAELAKKTEVQAHSPSRKFILKPAIKYTRPTHLSCVKRKTTAAGGESALAPSVFKQAKDKVSDGVTKSPEKRSSLPRPSSILPPRRGVSGDRDENSFSLNSSISSSARRTTRSEPIRRAGKSGTSTPTTPGSTAITPGTPPSYSSRTPGTPGTPSYPRTPHTPGTPKSAILVPSEKKVAIIRTPPKSPATPKQLRLINQPLPDLKNVKSKIGSTDNIKYQPKGGQVQIVTKKIDLSHVTSKCGSLKNIRHRPGGGRVKIESVKLDFKEKAQAKVGSLDNAHHVPGGGNVKIDSQKLNFREHAKARVDHGAEIITQSPGRSSVASPRRLSNVSSSGSINLLESPQLATLAEDVTAALAKQGL . The exact function of MAP2 is unknown but MAPs may stabilize the microtubules against depolymerization. They also seem to have a stiffening effect on microtubules. M6ATAR00331 Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (MAP1LC3B/LC3B-II) Autophagy-related protein LC3 B; Autophagy-related ubiquitin-like modifier LC3 B; MAP1 light chain 3-like protein 2; MAP1A/MAP1B light chain 3 B; MAP1A/MAP1B LC3 B; Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MAP1ALC3 MLP3B_HUMAN hsa:81631 HGNC:13352 . ENSG00000140941 81631 MAP1LC3B Protein coding 16q24.2 MPSEKTFKQRRTFEQRVEDVRLIREQHPTKIPVIIERYKGEKQLPVLDKTKFLVPDHVNMSELIKIIRRRLQLNANQAFFLLVNGHSMVSVSTPISEVYESEKDEDGFLYMVYASQETFGMKLSV ATG8 family Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). Plays a role in mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. In response to cellular stress and upon mitochondria fission, binds C-18 ceramides and anchors autophagolysosomes to outer mitochondrial membranes to eliminate damaged mitochondria. While LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation. Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway. Through its interaction with the reticulophagy receptor TEX264, participates in the remodeling of subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum into autophagosomes upon nutrient stress, which then fuse with lysosomes for endoplasmic reticulum turnover . Upon nutrient stress, directly recruits cofactor JMY to the phagophore membrane surfaces and promotes JMY's actin nucleation activity and autophagosome biogenesis during autophagy . M6ATAR00626 Mimecan (OGN) Osteoglycin; Osteoinductive factor; OIF MIME_HUMAN hsa:4969 HGNC:8126 . ENSG00000106809 4969 OGN Protein coding 9q22.31 MKTLQSTLLLLLLVPLIKPAPPTQQDSRIIYDYGTDNFEESIFSQDYEDKYLDGKNIKEKETVIIPNEKSLQLQKDEAITPLPPKKENDEMPTCLLCVCLSGSVYCEEVDIDAVPPLPKESAYLYARFNKIKKLTAKDFADIPNLRRLDFTGNLIEDIEDGTFSKLSLLEELSLAENQLLKLPVLPPKLTLFNAKYNKIKSRGIKANAFKKLNNLTFLYLDHNALESVPLNLPESLRVIHLQFNNIASITDDTFCKANDTSYIRDRIEEIRLEGNPIVLGKHPNSFICLKRLPIGSYF Small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family, SLRP class III subfamily Induces bone formation in conjunction with TGF-beta-1 or TGF-beta-2. M6ATAR00600 Mir-100-let-7a-2-mir-125b-1 cluster host gene (MIR100HG) AGD1; lncRNA-N2; linc-NeD125adipogenesis down-regulated transcript 1; lncRNA neuronal 2; neuronal differentiation lncRNA hosting miR-125 . . HGNC:39522 . ENSG00000255248 399959 MIR100HG microRNA 11q24.1 . . . M6ATAR00552 miR-17-92 . . . . . . . MIR17-92 microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00585 miR-182 hsa-mir-182; miR-182MIRN182 . . HGNC:31553 MI0000272 ENSG00000207990 406958 MIR182 microRNA 7q32.2 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00697 miR-194-2 hsa-mir-194-2MIRN194-2 . . HGNC:31565 MI0000732 ENSG00000284155 406970 MIR194-2 microRNA 11q13.1 . MicroRNAs . M6ATAR00717 miR-503 hsa-mir-503; MIRN503 . . HGNC:32138 MI0003188 ENSG00000208005 574506 MIR503 microRNA Xq26.3 . . . M6ATAR00483 Mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 (PMS2) DNA mismatch repair protein PMS2; PMS1 protein homolog 2; PMSL2 PMS2_HUMAN hsa:5395 HGNC:9122 . ENSG00000122512 5395 PMS2 Protein coding . MERAESSSTEPAKAIKPIDRKSVHQICSGQVVLSLSTAVKELVENSLDAGATNIDLKLKDYGVDLIEVSDNGCGVEEENFEGLTLKHHTSKIQEFADLTQVETFGFRGEALSSLCALSDVTISTCHASAKVGTRLMFDHNGKIIQKTPYPRPRGTTVSVQQLFSTLPVRHKEFQRNIKKEYAKMVQVLHAYCIISAGIRVSCTNQLGQGKRQPVVCTGGSPSIKENIGSVFGQKQLQSLIPFVQLPPSDSVCEEYGLSCSDALHNLFYISGFISQCTHGVGRSSTDRQFFFINRRPCDPAKVCRLVNEVYHMYNRHQYPFVVLNISVDSECVDINVTPDKRQILLQEEKLLLAVLKTSLIGMFDSDVNKLNVSQQPLLDVEGNLIKMHAADLEKPMVEKQDQSPSLRTGEEKKDVSISRLREAFSLRHTTENKPHSPKTPEPRRSPLGQKRGMLSSSTSGAISDKGVLRPQKEAVSSSHGPSDPTDRAEVEKDSGHGSTSVDSEGFSIPDTGSHCSSEYAASSPGDRGSQEHVDSQEKAPKTDDSFSDVDCHSNQEDTGCKFRVLPQPTNLATPNTKRFKKEEILSSSDICQKLVNTQDMSASQVDVAVKINKKVVPLDFSMSSLAKRIKQLHHEAQQSEGEQNYRKFRAKICPGENQAAEDELRKEISKTMFAEMEIIGQFNLGFIITKLNEDIFIVDQHATDEKYNFEMLQQHTVLQGQRLIAPQTLNLTAVNEAVLIENLEIFRKNGFDFVIDENAPVTERAKLISLPTSKNWTFGPQDVDELIFMLSDSPGVMCRPSRVKQMFASRACRKSVMIGTALNTSEMKKLITHMGEMDHPWNCPHGRPTMRHIANLGVISQN DNA mismatch repair MutL/HexB family. {ECO:0000305}. Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). Heterodimerizes with MLH1 to form MutL alpha. DNA repair is initiated by MutS alpha (MSH2-MSH6) or MutS beta (MSH2-MSH3) binding to a dsDNA mismatch, then MutL alpha is recruited to the heteroduplex. Assembly of the MutL-MutS-heteroduplex ternary complex in presence of RFC and PCNA is sufficient to activate endonuclease activity of PMS2. It introduces single-strand breaks near the mismatch and thus generates new entry points for the exonuclease EXO1 to degrade the strand containing the mismatch. DNA methylation would prevent cleavage and therefore assure that only the newly mutated DNA strand is going to be corrected. MutL alpha (MLH1-PMS2) interacts physically with the clamp loader subunits of DNA polymerase III, suggesting that it may play a role to recruit the DNA polymerase III to the site of the MMR. Also implicated in DNA damage signaling, a process which induces cell cycle arrest and can lead to apoptosis in case of major DNA damages. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16873062, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18206974, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23709753}. M6ATAR00320 Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) MAVS; CARD adapter inducing interferon beta; Cardif; Interferon beta promoter stimulator protein 1; IPS-1; Putative NF-kappa-B-activating protein 031N; Virus-induced-signaling adapter; VISA; IPS1; KIAA1271; VISA MAVS_HUMAN hsa:57506 HGNC:29233 . ENSG00000088888 57506 MAVS Protein coding 20p13 MPFAEDKTYKYICRNFSNFCNVDVVEILPYLPCLTARDQDRLRATCTLSGNRDTLWHLFNTLQRRPGWVEYFIAALRGCELVDLADEVASVYQSYQPRTSDRPPDPLEPPSLPAERPGPPTPAAAHSIPYNSCREKEPSYPMPVQETQAPESPGENSEQALQTLSPRAIPRNPDGGPLESSSDLAALSPLTSSGHQEQDTELGSTHTAGATSSLTPSRGPVSPSVSFQPLARSTPRASRLPGPTGSVVSTGTSFSSSSPGLASAGAAEGKQGAESDQAEPIICSSGAEAPANSLPSKVPTTLMPVNTVALKVPANPASVSTVPSKLPTSSKPPGAVPSNALTNPAPSKLPINSTRAGMVPSKVPTSMVLTKVSASTVPTDGSSRNEETPAAPTPAGATGGSSAWLDSSSENRGLGSELSKPGVLASQVDSPFSGCFEDLAISASTSLGMGPCHGPEENEYKSEGTFGIHVAENPSIQLLEGNPGPPADPDGGPRPQADRKFQEREVPCHRPSPGALWLQVAVTGVLVVTLLVVLYRRRLH . Required for innate immune defense against viruses. Acts downstream of DHX33, DDX58/RIG-I and IFIH1/MDA5, which detect intracellular dsRNA produced during viral replication, to coordinate pathways leading to the activation of NF-kappa-B, IRF3 and IRF7, and to the subsequent induction of antiviral cytokines such as IFNB and RANTES (CCL5). Peroxisomal and mitochondrial MAVS act sequentially to create an antiviral cellular state. Upon viral infection, peroxisomal MAVS induces the rapid interferon-independent expression of defense factors that provide short-term protection, whereas mitochondrial MAVS activates an interferon-dependent signaling pathway with delayed kinetics, which amplifies and stabilizes the antiviral response. May activate the same pathways following detection of extracellular dsRNA by TLR3 . May protect cells from apoptosis. M6ATAR00327 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK/ERK2/MAPK1) MAP kinase 1; MAPK 1; ERT1; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2; ERK-2; MAP kinase isoform p42; p42-MAPK; Mitogen-activated protein kinase 2; MAP kinase 2; MAPK 2; ERK2; PRKM1; PRKM2 MK01_HUMAN hsa:5594 HGNC:6871 . ENSG00000100030 5594 MAPK1 Protein coding 22q11.22 MAAAAAAGAGPEMVRGQVFDVGPRYTNLSYIGEGAYGMVCSAYDNVNKVRVAIKKISPFEHQTYCQRTLREIKILLRFRHENIIGINDIIRAPTIEQMKDVYIVQDLMETDLYKLLKTQHLSNDHICYFLYQILRGLKYIHSANVLHRDLKPSNLLLNTTCDLKICDFGLARVADPDHDHTGFLTEYVATRWYRAPEIMLNSKGYTKSIDIWSVGCILAEMLSNRPIFPGKHYLDQLNHILGILGSPSQEDLNCIINLKARNYLLSLPHKNKVPWNRLFPNADSKALDLLDKMLTFNPHKRIEVEQALAHPYLEQYYDPSDEPIAEAPFKFDMELDDLPKEKLKELIFEETARFQPGYRS protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; MAP kinase subfamily Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, DCC, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. Mediates phosphorylation of TPR in response to EGF stimulation. May play a role in the spindle assembly checkpoint. Phosphorylates PML and promotes its interaction with PIN1, leading to PML degradation. Phosphorylates CDK2AP2 (By similarity). ; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to a [GC]AAA[GC] consensus sequence. Repress the expression of interferon gamma-induced genes. Seems to bind to the promoter of CCL5, DMP1, IFIH1, IFITM1, IRF7, IRF9, LAMP3, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and STAT1. Transcriptional activity is independent of kinase activity. M6ATAR00330 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (p38/MAPK14) MAP kinase 14; MAPK 14; Cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drug-binding protein; CSAID-binding protein; CSBP; MAP kinase MXI2; MAX-interacting protein 2; Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 alpha; MAP kinase p38 alpha; Stress-activated protein kinase 2a; SAPK2a; CSBP; CSBP1; CSBP2; CSPB1; MXI2; SAPK2A MK14_HUMAN hsa:1432 HGNC:6876 . ENSG00000112062 1432 MAPK14 Protein coding 6p21.31 MSQERPTFYRQELNKTIWEVPERYQNLSPVGSGAYGSVCAAFDTKTGLRVAVKKLSRPFQSIIHAKRTYRELRLLKHMKHENVIGLLDVFTPARSLEEFNDVYLVTHLMGADLNNIVKCQKLTDDHVQFLIYQILRGLKYIHSADIIHRDLKPSNLAVNEDCELKILDFGLARHTDDEMTGYVATRWYRAPEIMLNWMHYNQTVDIWSVGCIMAELLTGRTLFPGTDHIDQLKLILRLVGTPGAELLKKISSESARNYIQSLTQMPKMNFANVFIGANPLAVDLLEKMLVLDSDKRITAAQALAHAYFAQYHDPDDEPVADPYDQSFESRDLLIDEWKSLTYDEVISFVPPPLDQEEMES protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; MAP kinase subfamily Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK14 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstream kinases which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets. RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 can directly phosphorylate and activate transcription factors such as CREB1, ATF1, the NF-kappa-B isoform RELA/NFKB3, STAT1 and STAT3, but can also phosphorylate histone H3 and the nucleosomal protein HMGN1. RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 play important roles in the rapid induction of immediate-early genes in response to stress or mitogenic stimuli, either by inducing chromatin remodeling or by recruiting the transcription machinery. On the other hand, two other kinase targets, MAPKAPK2/MK2 and MAPKAPK3/MK3, participate in the control of gene expression mostly at the post-transcriptional level, by phosphorylating ZFP36 (tristetraprolin) and ELAVL1, and by regulating EEF2K, which is important for the elongation of mRNA during translation. MKNK1/MNK1 and MKNK2/MNK2, two other kinases activated by p38 MAPKs, regulate protein synthesis by phosphorylating the initiation factor EIF4E2. MAPK14 interacts also with casein kinase II, leading to its activation through autophosphorylation and further phosphorylation of TP53/p53. In the cytoplasm, the p38 MAPK pathway is an important regulator of protein turnover. For example, CFLAR is an inhibitor of TNF-induced apoptosis whose proteasome-mediated degradation is regulated by p38 MAPK phosphorylation. In a similar way, MAPK14 phosphorylates the ubiquitin ligase SIAH2, regulating its activity towards EGLN3. MAPK14 may also inhibit the lysosomal degradation pathway of autophagy by interfering with the intracellular trafficking of the transmembrane protein ATG9. Another function of MAPK14 is to regulate the endocytosis of membrane receptors by different mechanisms that impinge on the small GTPase RAB5A. In addition, clathrin-mediated EGFR internalization induced by inflammatory cytokines and UV irradiation depends on MAPK14-mediated phosphorylation of EGFR itself as well as of RAB5A effectors. Ectodomain shedding of transmembrane proteins is regulated by p38 MAPKs as well. In response to inflammatory stimuli, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate the membrane-associated metalloprotease ADAM17. Such phosphorylation is required for ADAM17-mediated ectodomain shedding of TGF-alpha family ligands, which results in the activation of EGFR signaling and cell proliferation. Another p38 MAPK substrate is FGFR1. FGFR1 can be translocated from the extracellular space into the cytosol and nucleus of target cells, and regulates processes such as rRNA synthesis and cell growth. FGFR1 translocation requires p38 MAPK activation. In the nucleus, many transcription factors are phosphorylated and activated by p38 MAPKs in response to different stimuli. Classical examples include ATF1, ATF2, ATF6, ELK1, PTPRH, DDIT3, TP53/p53 and MEF2C and MEF2A. The p38 MAPKs are emerging as important modulators of gene expression by regulating chromatin modifiers and remodelers. The promoters of several genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as IL6, IL8 and IL12B, display a p38 MAPK-dependent enrichment of histone H3 phosphorylation on 'Ser-10' (H3S10ph) in LPS-stimulated myeloid cells. This phosphorylation enhances the accessibility of the cryptic NF-kappa-B-binding sites marking promoters for increased NF-kappa-B recruitment. Phosphorylates CDC25B and CDC25C which is required for binding to 14-3-3 proteins and leads to initiation of a G2 delay after ultraviolet radiation. Phosphorylates TIAR following DNA damage, releasing TIAR from GADD45A mRNA and preventing mRNA degradation. The p38 MAPKs may also have kinase-independent roles, which are thought to be due to the binding to targets in the absence of phosphorylation. Protein O-Glc-N-acylation catalyzed by the OGT is regulated by MAPK14, and, although OGT does not seem to be phosphorylated by MAPK14, their interaction increases upon MAPK14 activation induced by glucose deprivation. This interaction may regulate OGT activity by recruiting it to specific targets such as neurofilament H, stimulating its O-Glc-N-acylation. Required in mid-fetal development for the growth of embryo-derived blood vessels in the labyrinth layer of the placenta. Also plays an essential role in developmental and stress-induced erythropoiesis, through regulation of EPO gene expression. Isoform MXI2 activation is stimulated by mitogens and oxidative stress and only poorly phosphorylates ELK1 and ATF2. Isoform EXIP may play a role in the early onset of apoptosis. Phosphorylates S100A9 at 'Thr-113'. M6ATAR00328 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (ERK1/MAPK3) MAP kinase 3; MAPK 3; ERT2; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1; ERK-1; Insulin-stimulated MAP2 kinase; MAP kinase isoform p44; p44-MAPK; Microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase; p44-ERK1; ERK1; PRKM3 MK03_HUMAN hsa:5595 HGNC:6877 . ENSG00000102882 5595 MAPK3 Protein coding 16p11.2 MAAAAAQGGGGGEPRRTEGVGPGVPGEVEMVKGQPFDVGPRYTQLQYIGEGAYGMVSSAYDHVRKTRVAIKKISPFEHQTYCQRTLREIQILLRFRHENVIGIRDILRASTLEAMRDVYIVQDLMETDLYKLLKSQQLSNDHICYFLYQILRGLKYIHSANVLHRDLKPSNLLINTTCDLKICDFGLARIADPEHDHTGFLTEYVATRWYRAPEIMLNSKGYTKSIDIWSVGCILAEMLSNRPIFPGKHYLDQLNHILGILGSPSQEDLNCIINMKARNYLQSLPSKTKVAWAKLFPKSDSKALDLLDRMLTFNPNKRITVEEALAHPYLEQYYDPTDEPVAEEPFTFAMELDDLPKERLKELIFQETARFQPGVLEAP protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; MAP kinase subfamily Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. M6ATAR00329 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (JNK/MAPK8) MAP kinase 8; MAPK 8; JNK-46; Stress-activated protein kinase 1c; SAPK1c; Stress-activated protein kinase JNK1; c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1; JNK1; PRKM8; SAPK1; SAPK1C MK08_HUMAN hsa:5599 HGNC:6881 . ENSG00000107643 5599 MAPK8 Protein coding 10q11.22 MSRSKRDNNFYSVEIGDSTFTVLKRYQNLKPIGSGAQGIVCAAYDAILERNVAIKKLSRPFQNQTHAKRAYRELVLMKCVNHKNIIGLLNVFTPQKSLEEFQDVYIVMELMDANLCQVIQMELDHERMSYLLYQMLCGIKHLHSAGIIHRDLKPSNIVVKSDCTLKILDFGLARTAGTSFMMTPYVVTRYYRAPEVILGMGYKENVDLWSVGCIMGEMVCHKILFPGRDYIDQWNKVIEQLGTPCPEFMKKLQPTVRTYVENRPKYAGYSFEKLFPDVLFPADSEHNKLKASQARDLLSKMLVIDASKRISVDEALQHPYINVWYDPSEAEAPPPKIPDKQLDEREHTIEEWKELIYKEVMDLEERTKNGVIRGQPSPLGAAVINGSQHPSSSSSVNDVSSMSTDPTLASDTDSSLEAAAGPLGCCR protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; MAP kinase subfamily Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, transformation and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK8/JNK1. In turn, MAPK8/JNK1 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN, JDP2 and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity . Phosphorylates the replication licensing factor CDT1, inhibiting the interaction between CDT1 and the histone H4 acetylase HBO1 to replication origins. Loss of this interaction abrogates the acetylation required for replication initiation. Promotes stressed cell apoptosis by phosphorylating key regulatory factors including p53/TP53 and Yes-associates protein YAP1. In T-cells, MAPK8 and MAPK9 are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells. Contributes to the survival of erythroid cells by phosphorylating the antagonist of cell death BAD upon EPO stimulation. Mediates starvation-induced BCL2 phosphorylation, BCL2 dissociation from BECN1, and thus activation of autophagy. Phosphorylates STMN2 and hence regulates microtubule dynamics, controlling neurite elongation in cortical neurons. In the developing brain, through its cytoplasmic activity on STMN2, negatively regulates the rate of exit from multipolar stage and of radial migration from the ventricular zone. Phosphorylates several other substrates including heat shock factor protein 4 (HSF4), the deacetylase SIRT1, ELK1, or the E3 ligase ITCH. Phosphorylates the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer and plays a role in the regulation of the circadian clock . Phosphorylates the heat shock transcription factor HSF1, suppressing HSF1-induced transcriptional activity. Phosphorylates POU5F1, which results in the inhibition of POU5F1's transcriptional activity and enhances its proteosomal degradation (By similarity). Phosphorylates JUND and this phosphorylation is inhibited in the presence of MEN1. In neurons, phosphorylates SYT4 which captures neuronal dense core vesicles at synapses (By similarity). Phosphorylates EIF4ENIF1/4-ET in response to oxidative stress, promoting P-body assembly; JNK1 isoforms display different binding patterns: beta-1 preferentially binds to c-Jun, whereas alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta-2 have a similar low level of binding to both c-Jun or ATF2. However, there is no correlation between binding and phosphorylation, which is achieved at about the same efficiency by all isoforms. M6ATAR00018 mmu-miR-365-3p . . . . MIMAT0000711 . . mmu-miR-365-3p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00020 mmu-miR-7212-5p . . . . MIMAT0028392 . . mmu-miR-7212-5p microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00336 MOB kinase activator 3B (MOB3B) Mob1 homolog 2b; Mps one binder kinase activator-like 2B; MOB kinase activator-like 2B; C9orf35; MOBKL2B MOB3B_HUMAN hsa:79817 HGNC:23825 . ENSG00000120162 79817 MOB3B Protein coding 9p21.2 MSIALKQVFNKDKTFRPKRKFEPGTQRFELHKRAQASLNSGVDLKAAVQLPSGEDQNDWVAVHVVDFFNRINLIYGTICEFCTERTCPVMSGGPKYEYRWQDDLKYKKPTALPAPQYMNLLMDWIEVQINNEEIFPTCVGVPFPKNFLQICKKILCRLFRVFVHVYIHHFDRVIVMGAEAHVNTCYKHFYYFVTEMNLIDRKELEPLKEMTSRMCH MOB1/phocein family Modulates LATS1 expression in the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. M6ATAR00760 Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (CCL2) MCP1; SCYA2; C-C motif chemokine 2 ; HC11 ; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 ; Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor; MCAF ; Monocyte chemotactic protein 1; MCP-1 ; Monocyte secretory protein JE ; Small-inducible cytokine A2 CCL2_HUMAN hsa:6347 HGNC:10618 . ENSG00000108691.9 6347 Ccl2 Protein coding 17q12 MKVSAALLCLLLIAATFIPQGLAQPDAINAPVTCCYNFTNRKISVQRLASYRRITSSKCPKEAVIFKTIVAKEICADPKQKWVQDSMDHLDKQTQTPKT Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR2. Signals through binding and activation of CCR2 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions. Exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis. M6ATAR00532 Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (SMAD2) MAD homolog 2; Mothers against DPP homolog 2; JV18-1; Mad-related protein 2; hMAD-2; SMAD family member 2; SMAD 2; Smad2; hSMAD2 SMAD2_HUMAN hsa:4087 HGNC:6768 . ENSG00000175387 4087 SMAD2 Protein coding 18q21.1 MSSILPFTPPVVKRLLGWKKSAGGSGGAGGGEQNGQEEKWCEKAVKSLVKKLKKTGRLDELEKAITTQNCNTKCVTIPSTCSEIWGLSTPNTIDQWDTTGLYSFSEQTRSLDGRLQVSHRKGLPHVIYCRLWRWPDLHSHHELKAIENCEYAFNLKKDEVCVNPYHYQRVETPVLPPVLVPRHTEILTELPPLDDYTHSIPENTNFPAGIEPQSNYIPETPPPGYISEDGETSDQQLNQSMDTGSPAELSPTTLSPVNHSLDLQPVTYSEPAFWCSIAYYELNQRVGETFHASQPSLTVDGFTDPSNSERFCLGLLSNVNRNATVEMTRRHIGRGVRLYYIGGEVFAECLSDSAIFVQSPNCNQRYGWHPATVCKIPPGCNLKIFNNQEFAALLAQSVNQGFEAVYQLTRMCTIRMSFVKGWGAEYRRQTVTSTPCWIELHLNGPLQWLDKVLTQMGSPSVRCSSMS Dwarfin/SMAD family Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. M6ATAR00396 Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (SMAD3) MAD homolog 3; Mad3; Mothers against DPP homolog 3; hMAD-3; JV15-2; SMAD family member 3; SMAD 3; Smad3; hSMAD3; MADH3 SMAD3_HUMAN hsa:4088 HGNC:6769 . ENSG00000166949 4088 SMAD3 Protein coding 15q22.33 MSSILPFTPPIVKRLLGWKKGEQNGQEEKWCEKAVKSLVKKLKKTGQLDELEKAITTQNVNTKCITIPRSLDGRLQVSHRKGLPHVIYCRLWRWPDLHSHHELRAMELCEFAFNMKKDEVCVNPYHYQRVETPVLPPVLVPRHTEIPAEFPPLDDYSHSIPENTNFPAGIEPQSNIPETPPPGYLSEDGETSDHQMNHSMDAGSPNLSPNPMSPAHNNLDLQPVTYCEPAFWCSISYYELNQRVGETFHASQPSMTVDGFTDPSNSERFCLGLLSNVNRNAAVELTRRHIGRGVRLYYIGGEVFAECLSDSAIFVQSPNCNQRYGWHPATVCKIPPGCNLKIFNNQEFAALLAQSVNQGFEAVYQLTRMCTIRMSFVKGWGAEYRRQTVTSTPCWIELHLNGPLQWLDKVLTQMGSPSIRCSSVS dwarfin/SMAD family Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD3/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. Also can form a SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex at the AP-1/SMAD site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated transcription. Has an inhibitory effect on wound healing probably by modulating both growth and migration of primary keratinocytes and by altering the TGF-mediated chemotaxis of monocytes. This effect on wound healing appears to be hormone-sensitive. Regulator of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis and inhibits early healing of bone fractures. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. M6ATAR00738 Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 6 (SMAD6) MAD homolog 6; Mothers against DPP homolog 6; SMAD family member 6; SMAD 6; Smad6; hSMAD6 SMAD6_HUMAN hsa:4091 HGNC:6772 . ENSG00000137834 4091 SMAD6 Protein coding 15q22.31 MFRSKRSGLVRRLWRSRVVPDREEGGSGGGGGGDEDGSLGSRAEPAPRAREGGGCGRSEVRPVAPRRPRDAVGQRGAQGAGRRRRAGGPPRPMSEPGAGAGSSLLDVAEPGGPGWLPESDCETVTCCLFSERDAAGAPRDASDPLAGAALEPAGGGRSREARSRLLLLEQELKTVTYSLLKRLKERSLDTLLEAVESRGGVPGGCVLVPRADLRLGGQPAPPQLLLGRLFRWPDLQHAVELKPLCGCHSFAAAADGPTVCCNPYHFSRLCGPESPPPPYSRLSPRDEYKPLDLSDSTLSYTETEATNSLITAPGEFSDASMSPDATKPSHWCSVAYWEHRTRVGRLYAVYDQAVSIFYDLPQGSGFCLGQLNLEQRSESVRRTRSKIGFGILLSKEPDGVWAYNRGEHPIFVNSPTLDAPGGRALVVRKVPPGYSIKVFDFERSGLQHAPEPDAADGPYDPNSVRISFAKGWGPCYSRQFITSCPCWLEILLNNPR Dwarfin/SMAD family Transforming growth factor-beta superfamily receptors signaling occurs through the Smad family of intracellular mediators. SMAD6 is an inhibitory Smad (i-Smad) that negatively regulates signaling downstream of type I transforming growth factor-beta. Acts as a mediator of TGF-beta and BMP anti-inflammatory activities. Suppresses IL1R-TLR signaling through its direct interaction with PEL1, preventing NF-kappa-B activation, nuclear transport and NF-kappa-B-mediated expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Blocks the BMP-SMAD1 signaling pathway by competing with SMAD4 for receptor-activated SMAD1-binding . Binds to regulatory elements in target promoter regions. M6ATAR00397 Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 (SMAD7) MAD homolog 7; Mothers against DPP homolog 7; Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 8; MAD homolog 8; Mothers against DPP homolog 8; SMAD family member 7; SMAD 7; Smad7; hSMAD7; MADH7; MADH8 SMAD7_HUMAN hsa:4092 HGNC:6773 . ENSG00000101665 4092 SMAD7 Protein coding 18q21.1 MFRTKRSALVRRLWRSRAPGGEDEEEGAGGGGGGGELRGEGATDSRAHGAGGGGPGRAGCCLGKAVRGAKGHHHPHPPAAGAGAAGGAEADLKALTHSVLKKLKERQLELLLQAVESRGGTRTACLLLPGRLDCRLGPGAPAGAQPAQPPSSYSLPLLLCKVFRWPDLRHSSEVKRLCCCESYGKINPELVCCNPHHLSRLCELESPPPPYSRYPMDFLKPTADCPDAVPSSAETGGTNYLAPGGLSDSQLLLEPGDRSHWCVVAYWEEKTRVGRLYCVQEPSLDIFYDLPQGNGFCLGQLNSDNKSQLVQKVRSKIGCGIQLTREVDGVWVYNRSSYPIFIKSATLDNPDSRTLLVHKVFPGFSIKAFDYEKAYSLQRPNDHEFMQQPWTGFTVQISFVKGWGQCYTRQFISSCPCWLEVIFNSR dwarfin/SMAD family Antagonist of signaling by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) type 1 receptor superfamily members; has been shown to inhibit TGF-beta (Transforming growth factor) and activin signaling by associating with their receptors thus preventing SMAD2 access. Functions as an adapter to recruit SMURF2 to the TGF-beta receptor complex. Also acts by recruiting the PPP1R15A-PP1 complex to TGFBR1, which promotes its dephosphorylation. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. M6ATAR00710 M-phase inducer phosphatase 2 (CDC25B) Dual specificity phosphatase Cdc25B MPIP2_HUMAN hsa:994 HGNC:1726 . ENSG00000101224 994 CDC25B Protein coding 20p13 MEVPQPEPAPGSALSPAGVCGGAQRPGHLPGLLLGSHGLLGSPVRAAASSPVTTLTQTMHDLAGLGSETPKSQVGTLLFRSRSRLTHLSLSRRASESSLSSESSESSDAGLCMDSPSPMDPHMAEQTFEQAIQAASRIIRNEQFAIRRFQSMPVRLLGHSPVLRNITNSQAPDGRRKSEAGSGAASSSGEDKENDGFVFKMPWKPTHPSSTHALAEWASRREAFAQRPSSAPDLMCLSPDRKMEVEELSPLALGRFSLTPAEGDTEEDDGFVDILESDLKDDDAVPPGMESLISAPLVKTLEKEEEKDLVMYSKCQRLFRSPSMPCSVIRPILKRLERPQDRDTPVQNKRRRSVTPPEEQQEAEEPKARVLRSKSLCHDEIENLLDSDHRELIGDYSKAFLLQTVDGKHQDLKYISPETMVALLTGKFSNIVDKFVIVDCRYPYEYEGGHIKTAVNLPLERDAESFLLKSPIAPCSLDKRVILIFHCEFSSERGPRMCRFIRERDRAVNDYPSLYYPEMYILKGGYKEFFPQHPNFCEPQDYRPMNHEAFKDELKTFRLKTRSWAGERSRRELCSRLQDQ MPI phosphatase family Tyrosine protein phosphatase which functions as a dosage-dependent inducer of mitotic progression. Required for G2/M phases of the cell cycle progression and abscission during cytokinesis in a ECT2-dependent manner. Directly dephosphorylates CDK1 and stimulates its kinase activity. The three isoforms seem to have a different level of activity. M6ATAR00722 Mucin-3A (MUC3A) MUC-3A; Intestinal mucin-3A MUC3A_HUMAN hsa:4584 HGNC:7513 . ENSG00000169894 4584 MUC3A Protein coding 7q22.1 MQLLGLLGLLWMLKASPWATGTLSTATSISQVPFPRAEAASAVLSNSPHSRDLAGWPLGVPQLASPAPGHRENAPMTLTTSPHDTLISETLLNSPVSSNTSTTPTSKFAFKVETTPPTVLVYSATTECVYPTSFIITISHPTSICVTTTQVAFTSSYTSTPVTQKPVTTVTSTYSMTTTEKGTSAMTSSPSTTTARETPIVTVTPSSVSATDTTFHTTISSTTRTTERTPLPTGSIHTTTSPTPVFTTLKTAVTSTSPITSSITSTNTVTSMTTTASQPTATNTLSSPTRTILSSTPVLSTETITSGITNTTPLSTLVTTLPTTISRSTPTSETTYTTSPTSTVTDSTTKIAYSTSMTGTLSTETSLPPTSSSLPTTETATTPMTNLVTTTTEISSHSTPSFSSSTIYSTVSTSTTAISSLPPTSGTMVTSTTMTPSSLSTDIPFTTPTTITHHSVGSTGFLTTATDLTSTFTVSSSSAMSTSVIPSSPSIQNTETSSLVSMTSATTPNVRPTFVSTLSTPTSSLLTTFPATYSFSSSMSASSAGTTHTESISSPPASTSTLHTTAESTLAPTTTTSFTTSTTMEPPSTTAATTGTGQTTFTSSTATFPETTTPTPTTDMSTESLTTAMTSPPITSSVTSTNTVTSMTTTTSPPTTTNSFTSLTSMPLSSTPVPSTEVVTSGTINTIPPSILVTTLPTPNASSMTTSETTYPNSPTGPGTNSTTEITYPTTMTETSSTATSLPPTSPLVSTAKTAKTPTTNLVTTTTKTTSHSTTSFTSSTVYSTASTYTTAITSVPTTLGTMVTSTSMISSTVSTGIPTSQPTTITPSSVGISGSLPMMTDLTSVYTVSNMSARPTTVIPSSPTVQNTEISISVSMTSATTPSGGPTFTSTENTPTRSLLTSFPMTHSFSSSMSESSAGTTHTESISSPRGTTSTLHTTVESTPSPTTTTSFTTSTMMEPPSSTVSTTGRGQTTFPSSTATFPETTTLTPTTDISTVSLTTAMTSPPPVSSSITPTNTMTSMRTTTYWPTATNTLSPLTSSILSSTPVPSTEMITSHTTNTTPLSTLVTTLLTTITRSTPTSETTYPTSPTSIVSDSTTEITYSTSITGTLSTATTLPPTSSSLPTTETATMTPTTTLITTTPNTTSLSTPSFTSSTIYSTVSTSTTAISSASPTSGTMVTSTTMTPSSLSTDTPSTTPTTITYPSVGSTGFLTTATDLTSTFTVSSSSAMSTSVIPSSPSIQNTETSSLVSMTSATTPSLRPTITSTDSTLTSSLLTTFPSTYSFSSSMSASSAGTTHTETISSLPASTNTIHTTAESALAPTTTTSFTTSPTMEPPSTTVATTGTGQTTFPSSTATFLETTTLTPTTDFSTESLTTAMTSTPPITSSITPTDTMTSMRTTTSWPTATNTLSPLTSSILSSTPVPSTEVTTSHTTNTNPVSTLVTTLPITITRSTLTSETAYPSSPTSTVTESTTEITYPTTMTETSSTATSLPPTSSLVSTAETAKTPTTNLVTTTTKTTSHSTTSFTSSTIYSTASTPTTAITSVPTTLGTMVTSTSMIPSTVSTGIPTSQPTTITPSSVGISGSLPMMTDLTSVYTVSSMSARPTSVIPSSPTVQNTETSIFVSMMSATTPSGGPTFTSTENTPTRSLLTSFPVTHSFSSSMSASSVGTTHTQSISSPPAITSTLHTTAESTPSPTTTMSFTTFTKMETPSSTVATTGTGQTTFTSSTATSPKTTTLTPTSDISTGSFKTAVSSTPPITSSITSTYTVTSMTTTTPLGPTATNTLPSFTSSVSSSTPVPSTEAITSGTTNTTPLSTLVTTFSNSDTSSTPTSETTYPTSLTSALTDSTTRTTYSTNMTGTLSTVTSLRPTSSSLLTTVTATVPTTNLVTTTTKITSHSTPSFTSSIATTETPSHSTPRFTSSITTTETPSHSTPRFTSSITNTKTTSHSSPSFTSSITTTETTSHNTPSLTSSITTTKTTSHSTPSYTSLITTTTTTSHSTPSFTSSITTTETTSHNTPSLTSSITTTETTSHSTPSFTSSITTETTSHSTPSFTSLITITEITSHSTLSYTTSITTTETPSHSTLSFTSSITTTETTSHSTPSFTSSITTSEMPSHSTPSFTSSITTTENATHSTPNFTSSITTTETTSHSTPSFTSLITTTETTSHRWGTTETTSYSTPSFTSSNTITETTSHSTPSYITSITTTETPSSSTPSFSSSITTTETTSHSTPGFTSSITTTETTSHSTPSFTSSITTTETTSHDTPSFTSSITTSETPSHSTPSSTSLITTTKTTSHSTPSFTSSITTTETTSHSAHSFTSSITTTETTSHNTRSFTSSITTTETNSHSTTSFTSSITTTETTSHSTPSFSSSITTTETPLHSTPGLTSWVTTTKTTSHITPGLTSSITTTETTSHSTPGFTSSITTTETTSESTPSLSSSTIYSTVSTSTTAITSHFTTSETAVTPTPVTPSSLSTDIPTTSLRTLTPSSVGTSTSLTTTTDFPSIPTDISTLPTRTHIISSSPSIQSTETSSLVGTTSPTMSTVRMTLRITENTPISSFSTSIVVIPETPTQTPPVLTSATGTQTSPAPTTVTFGSTDSSTSTLHTLTPSTALSTIVSTSQVPIPSTHSSTLQTTPSTPSLQTSLTSTSEFTTESFTRGSTSTNAILTSFSTIIWSSTPTIIMSSSPSSASITPVFSTTIHSVPSSPYIFSTENVGSASITGFPSLSSSATTSTSSTSSSLTTALTEITPFSYISLPSTTPCPGTITITIVPASPTDPCVEMDPSTEATSPPTTPLTVFPFTTEMVTCPTSISIQTTLTTYMDTSSMMPESESSISPNASSSTGTGTVPTNTVFTSTRLPTSETWLSNSSVIPLPLPGVSTIPLTMKPSSSLPTILRTSSKSTHPSPPTTRTSETPVATTQTPTTLTSRRTTRITSQMTTQSTLTTTAGTCDNGGTWEQGQCACLPGFSGDRCQLQTRCQNGGQWDGLKCQCPSTFYGSSCEFAVEQVDLDVVETEVGMEVSVDQQFSPDLNDNTSQAYRDFNKTFWNQMQKIFADMQGFTFKGVEILSLRNGSIVVDYLVLLEMPFSPQLESEYEQVKTTLKEGLQNASQDVNSCQDSQTLCFKPDSIKVNNNSKTELTPAAICRRAAPTGYEEFYFPLVEATRLRCVTKCTSGVDNAIDCHQGQCVLETSGPTCRCYSTDTHWFSGPRCEVAVHWRALVGGLTAGAALLVLLLLALGVRAVRSGWWGGQRRGRSWDQDRKWFETWDEEVVGTFSNWGFEDDGTDKDTNFYVALENVDTTMKVHIKRPEMTSSSV . Major glycoprotein component of a variety of mucus gels. Thought to provide a protective, lubricating barrier against particles and infectious agents at mucosal surfaces. May be involved in ligand binding and intracellular signaling. M6ATAR00772 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1) MRP; MRP1; Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1; EC 7.6.2.2 ; ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 1 ; Glutathione-S-conjugate-translocating ATPase ABCC1; EC 7.6.2.3 ; Leukotriene C; 4 transporter; LTC4 transporter MRP1_HUMAN hsa:4363 HGNC:51 . ENSG00000103222.20 4363 MRP1 Protein coding 16p13.11 MALRGFCSADGSDPLWDWNVTWNTSNPDFTKCFQNTVLVWVPCFYLWACFPFYFLYLSRHDRGYIQMTPLNKTKTALGFLLWIVCWADLFYSFWERSRGIFLAPVFLVSPTLLGITMLLATFLIQLERRKGVQSSGIMLTFWLVALVCALAILRSKIMTALKEDAQVDLFRDITFYVYFSLLLIQLVLSCFSDRSPLFSETIHDPNPCPESSASFLSRITFWWITGLIVRGYRQPLEGSDLWSLNKEDTSEQVVPVLVKNWKKECAKTRKQPVKVVYSSKDPAQPKESSKVDANEEVEALIVKSPQKEWNPSLFKVLYKTFGPYFLMSFFFKAIHDLMMFSGPQILKLLIKFVNDTKAPDWQGYFYTVLLFVTACLQTLVLHQYFHICFVSGMRIKTAVIGAVYRKALVITNSARKSSTVGEIVNLMSVDAQRFMDLATYINMIWSAPLQVILALYLLWLNLGPSVLAGVAVMVLMVPVNAVMAMKTKTYQVAHMKSKDNRIKLMNEILNGIKVLKLYAWELAFKDKVLAIRQEELKVLKKSAYLSAVGTFTWVCTPFLVALCTFAVYVTIDENNILDAQTAFVSLALFNILRFPLNILPMVISSIVQASVSLKRLRIFLSHEELEPDSIERRPVKDGGGTNSITVRNATFTWARSDPPTLNGITFSIPEGALVAVVGQVGCGKSSLLSALLAEMDKVEGHVAIKGSVAYVPQQAWIQNDSLRENILFGCQLEEPYYRSVIQACALLPDLEILPSGDRTEIGEKGVNLSGGQKQRVSLARAVYSNADIYLFDDPLSAVDAHVGKHIFENVIGPKGMLKNKTRILVTHSMSYLPQVDVIIVMSGGKISEMGSYQELLARDGAFAEFLRTYASTEQEQDAEENGVTGVSGPGKEAKQMENGMLVTDSAGKQLQRQLSSSSSYSGDISRHHNSTAELQKAEAKKEETWKLMEADKAQTGQVKLSVYWDYMKAIGLFISFLSIFLFMCNHVSALASNYWLSLWTDDPIVNGTQEHTKVRLSVYGALGISQGIAVFGYSMAVSIGGILASRCLHVDLLHSILRSPMSFFERTPSGNLVNRFSKELDTVDSMIPEVIKMFMGSLFNVIGACIVILLATPIAAIIIPPLGLIYFFVQRFYVASSRQLKRLESVSRSPVYSHFNETLLGVSVIRAFEEQERFIHQSDLKVDENQKAYYPSIVANRWLAVRLECVGNCIVLFAALFAVISRHSLSAGLVGLSVSYSLQVTTYLNWLVRMSSEMETNIVAVERLKEYSETEKEAPWQIQETAPPSSWPQVGRVEFRNYCLRYREDLDFVLRHINVTINGGEKVGIVGRTGAGKSSLTLGLFRINESAEGEIIIDGINIAKIGLHDLRFKITIIPQDPVLFSGSLRMNLDPFSQYSDEEVWTSLELAHLKDFVSALPDKLDHECAEGGENLSVGQRQLVCLARALLRKTKILVLDEATAAVDLETDDLIQSTIRTQFEDCTVLTIAHRLNTIMDYTRVIVLDKGEIQEYGAPSDLLQQRGLFYSMAKDAGLV ABC transporter superfamily, ABCC family, Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotrexate, antiviral drugs and other xenobiotics. Confers resistance to anticancer drugs by decreasing accumulation of drug in cells, and by mediating ATP- and GSH-dependent drug export. Hydrolyzes ATP with low efficiency . Catalyzes the export of sphingosine 1-phosphate from mast cells independently of their degranulation. Participates in inflammatory response by allowing export of leukotriene C4 from leukotriene C4-synthezing cells (By similarity). M6ATAR00375 Mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1 (PTEN) Mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1; Phosphatase and tensin homolog; MMAC1; TEP1 PTEN_HUMAN hsa:5728 HGNC:9588 . ENSG00000171862 5728 PTEN Protein coding 10q23.31 MTAIIKEIVSRNKRRYQEDGFDLDLTYIYPNIIAMGFPAERLEGVYRNNIDDVVRFLDSKHKNHYKIYNLCAERHYDTAKFNCRVAQYPFEDHNPPQLELIKPFCEDLDQWLSEDDNHVAAIHCKAGKGRTGVMICAYLLHRGKFLKAQEALDFYGEVRTRDKKGVTIPSQRRYVYYYSYLLKNHLDYRPVALLFHKMMFETIPMFSGGTCNPQFVVCQLKVKIYSSNSGPTRREDKFMYFEFPQPLPVCGDIKVEFFHKQNKMLKKDKMFHFWVNTFFIPGPEETSEKVENGSLCDQEIDSICSIERADNDKEYLVLTLTKNDLDKANKDKANRYFSPNFKVKLYFTKTVEEPSNPEASSSTSVTPDVSDNEPDHYRYSDTTDSDPENEPFDEDQHTQITKV PTEN phosphatase protein family Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine-phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. The lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor suppressor function. Antagonizes the PI3K-AKT/PKB signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphoinositides and thereby modulating cell cycle progression and cell survival. The unphosphorylated form cooperates with MAGI2 to suppress AKT1 activation. Dephosphorylates tyrosine-phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase and inhibits cell migration and integrin-mediated cell spreading and focal adhesion formation. Plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. May be a negative regulator of insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue. The nuclear monoubiquitinated form possesses greater apoptotic potential, whereas the cytoplasmic nonubiquitinated form induces less tumor suppressive ability. In motile cells, suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement.; [Isoform alpha]: Functional kinase, like isoform 1 it antagonizes the PI3K-AKT/PKB signaling pathway. Plays a role in mitochondrial energetic metabolism by promoting COX activity and ATP production, via collaboration with isoform 1 in increasing protein levels of PINK1. M6ATAR00341 Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 39; bHLHe39; Proto-oncogene c-Myc; Transcription factor p64; BHLHE39 MYC_HUMAN hsa:4609 HGNC:7553 . ENSG00000136997 4609 MYC Protein coding 8q24.21 MPLNVSFTNRNYDLDYDSVQPYFYCDEEENFYQQQQQSELQPPAPSEDIWKKFELLPTPPLSPSRRSGLCSPSYVAVTPFSLRGDNDGGGGSFSTADQLEMVTELLGGDMVNQSFICDPDDETFIKNIIIQDCMWSGFSAAAKLVSEKLASYQAARKDSGSPNPARGHSVCSTSSLYLQDLSAAASECIDPSVVFPYPLNDSSSPKSCASQDSSAFSPSSDSLLSSTESSPQGSPEPLVLHEETPPTTSSDSEEEQEDEEEIDVVSVEKRQAPGKRSESGSPSAGGHSKPPHSPLVLKRCHVSTHQHNYAAPPSTRKDYPAAKRVKLDSVRVLRQISNNRKCTSPRSSDTEENVKRRTHNVLERQRRNELKRSFFALRDQIPELENNEKAPKVVILKKATAYILSVQAEEQKLISEEDLLRKRREQLKHKLEQLRNSCA . Transcription factor that binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Activates the transcription of growth-related genes. Binds to the VEGFA promoter, promoting VEGFA production and subsequent sprouting angiogenesis. Regulator of somatic reprogramming, controls self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (By similarity). Functions with TAF6L to activate target gene expression through RNA polymerase II pause release (By similarity). Positively regulates transcription of HNRNPA1, HNRNPA2 and PTBP1 which in turn regulate splicing of pyruvate kinase PKM by binding repressively to sequences flanking PKM exon 9, inhibiting exon 9 inclusion and resulting in exon 10 inclusion and production of the PKM M2 isoform. M6ATAR00342 Myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 (MYD88) . MYD88_HUMAN hsa:4615 HGNC:7562 . ENSG00000172936 4615 MYD88 Protein coding 3p22.2 MAAGGPGAGSAAPVSSTSSLPLAALNMRVRRRLSLFLNVRTQVAADWTALAEEMDFEYLEIRQLETQADPTGRLLDAWQGRPGASVGRLLELLTKLGRDDVLLELGPSIEEDCQKYILKQQQEEAEKPLQVAAVDSSVPRTAELAGITTLDDPLGHMPERFDAFICYCPSDIQFVQEMIRQLEQTNYRLKLCVSDRDVLPGTCVWSIASELIEKRCRRMVVVVSDDYLQSKECDFQTKFALSLSPGAHQKRLIPIKYKAMKKEFPSILRFITVCDYTNPCTKSWFWTRLAKALSLP . Adapter protein involved in the Toll-like receptor and IL-1 receptor signaling pathway in the innate immune response. Acts via IRAK1, IRAK2, IRF7 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Increases IL-8 transcription. Involved in IL-18-mediated signaling pathway. Activates IRF1 resulting in its rapid migration into the nucleus to mediate an efficient induction of IFN-beta, NOS2/INOS, and IL12A genes. Upon TLR8 activation by GU-rich single-stranded RNA (GU-rich RNA) derived from viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and HIV-1, induces IL1B release through NLRP3 inflammasome activation. MyD88-mediated signaling in intestinal epithelial cells is crucial for maintenance of gut homeostasis and controls the expression of the antimicrobial lectin REG3G in the small intestine (By similarity). M6ATAR00343 Myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1) MZF-1; Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing protein 6; Zinc finger protein 42; MZF; ZNF42; ZSCAN6 MZF1_HUMAN hsa:7593 HGNC:13108 . ENSG00000099326 7593 MZF1 Protein coding 19q13.43 MRPAVLGSPDRAPPEDEGPVMVKLEDSEEEGEAALWDPGPEAARLRFRCFRYEEATGPQEALAQLRELCRQWLRPEVRSKEQMLELLVLEQFLGALPPEIQARVQGQRPGSPEEAAALVDGLRREPGGPRRWVTVQVQGQEVLSEKMEPSSFQPLPETEPPTPEPGPKTPPRTMQESPLGLQVKEESEVTEDSDFLESGPLAATQESVPTLLPEEAQRCGTVLDQIFPHSKTGPEGPSWREHPRALWHEEAGGIFSPGFALQLGSISAGPGSVSPHLHVPWDLGMAGLSGQIQSPSREGGFAHALLLPSDLRSEQDPTDEDPCRGVGPALITTRWRSPRGRSRGRPSTGGGVVRGGRCDVCGKVFSQRSNLLRHQKIHTGERPFVCSECGRSFSRSSHLLRHQLTHTEERPFVCGDCGQGFVRSARLEEHRRVHTGEQPFRCAECGQSFRQRSNLLQHQRIHGDPPGPGAKPPAPPGAPEPPGPFPCSECRESFARRAVLLEHQAVHTGDKSFGCVECGERFGRRSVLLQHRRVHSGERPFACAECGQSFRQRSNLTQHRRIHTGERPFACAECGKAFRQRPTLTQHLRVHTGEKPFACPECGQRFSQRLKLTRHQRTHTGEKPYHCGECGLGFTQVSRLTEHQRIHTGERPFACPECGQSFRQHANLTQHRRIHTGERPYACPECGKAFRQRPTLTQHLRTHRREKPFACQDCGRRFHQSTKLIQHQRVHSAE krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Binds to target promoter DNA and functions as transcription regulator. Regulates transcription from the PADI1 and CDH2 promoter. May be one regulator of transcriptional events during hemopoietic development. M6ATAR00079 Myosin heavy chain associated RNA transcript (MHRT) MHRT; Myheart . . HGNC:51291 . . 104564225 MHRT LncRNA 14q11.2 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00654 Myosin-7 (Myh7) Myosin heavy chain 7; Myosin heavy chain slow isoform; MyHC-slow; Myosin heavy chain, cardiac muscle beta isoform; MyHC-beta MYH7_HUMAN hsa:4625 HGNC:7577 . ENSG00000092054 4625 Myh7 Protein coding 14q11.2 MGDSEMAVFGAAAPYLRKSEKERLEAQTRPFDLKKDVFVPDDKQEFVKAKIVSREGGKVTAETEYGKTVTVKEDQVMQQNPPKFDKIEDMAMLTFLHEPAVLYNLKDRYGSWMIYTYSGLFCVTVNPYKWLPVYTPEVVAAYRGKKRSEAPPHIFSISDNAYQYMLTDRENQSILITGESGAGKTVNTKRVIQYFAVIAAIGDRSKKDQSPGKGTLEDQIIQANPALEAFGNAKTVRNDNSSRFGKFIRIHFGATGKLASADIETYLLEKSRVIFQLKAERDYHIFYQILSNKKPELLDMLLITNNPYDYAFISQGETTVASIDDAEELMATDNAFDVLGFTSEEKNSMYKLTGAIMHFGNMKFKLKQREEQAEPDGTEEADKSAYLMGLNSADLLKGLCHPRVKVGNEYVTKGQNVQQVIYATGALAKAVYERMFNWMVTRINATLETKQPRQYFIGVLDIAGFEIFDFNSFEQLCINFTNEKLQQFFNHHMFVLEQEEYKKEGIEWTFIDFGMDLQACIDLIEKPMGIMSILEEECMFPKATDMTFKAKLFDNHLGKSANFQKPRNIKGKPEAHFSLIHYAGIVDYNIIGWLQKNKDPLNETVVGLYQKSSLKLLSTLFANYAGADAPIEKGKGKAKKGSSFQTVSALHRENLNKLMTNLRSTHPHFVRCIIPNETKSPGVMDNPLVMHQLRCNGVLEGIRICRKGFPNRILYGDFRQRYRILNPAAIPEGQFIDSRKGAEKLLSSLDIDHNQYKFGHTKVFFKAGLLGLLEEMRDERLSRIITRIQAQSRGVLARMEYKKLLERRDSLLVIQWNIRAFMGVKNWPWMKLYFKIKPLLKSAEREKEMASMKEEFTRLKEALEKSEARRKELEEKMVSLLQEKNDLQLQVQAEQDNLADAEERCDQLIKNKIQLEAKVKEMNERLEDEEEMNAELTAKKRKLEDECSELKRDIDDLELTLAKVEKEKHATENKVKNLTEEMAGLDEIIAKLTKEKKALQEAHQQALDDLQAEEDKVNTLTKAKVKLEQQVDDLEGSLEQEKKVRMDLERAKRKLEGDLKLTQESIMDLENDKQQLDERLKKKDFELNALNARIEDEQALGSQLQKKLKELQARIEELEEELEAERTARAKVEKLRSDLSRELEEISERLEEAGGATSVQIEMNKKREAEFQKMRRDLEEATLQHEATAAALRKKHADSVAELGEQIDNLQRVKQKLEKEKSEFKLELDDVTSNMEQIIKAKANLEKMCRTLEDQMNEHRSKAEETQRSVNDLTSQRAKLQTENGELSRQLDEKEALISQLTRGKLTYTQQLEDLKRQLEEEVKAKNALAHALQSARHDCDLLREQYEEETEAKAELQRVLSKANSEVAQWRTKYETDAIQRTEELEEAKKKLAQRLQEAEEAVEAVNAKCSSLEKTKHRLQNEIEDLMVDVERSNAAAAALDKKQRNFDKILAEWKQKYEESQSELESSQKEARSLSTELFKLKNAYEESLEHLETFKRENKNLQEEISDLTEQLGSSGKTIHELEKVRKQLEAEKMELQSALEEAEASLEHEEGKILRAQLEFNQIKAEIERKLAEKDEEMEQAKRNHLRVVDSLQTSLDAETRSRNEALRVKKKMEGDLNEMEIQLSHANRMAAEAQKQVKSLQSLLKDTQIQLDDAVRANDDLKENIAIVERRNNLLQAELEELRAVVEQTERSRKLAEQELIETSERVQLLHSQNTSLINQKKKMDADLSQLQTEVEEAVQECRNAEEKAKKAITDAAMMAEELKKEQDTSAHLERMKKNMEQTIKDLQHRLDEAEQIALKGGKKQLQKLEARVRELENELEAEQKRNAESVKGMRKSERRIKELTYQTEEDRKNLLRLQDLVDKLQLKVKAYKRQAEEAEEQANTNLSKFRKVQHELDEAEERADIAESQVNKLRAKSRDIGTKGLNEE TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily, Myosin family Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity essential for muscle contraction. Forms regular bipolar thick filaments that, together with actin thin filaments, constitute the fundamental contractile unit of skeletal and cardiac muscle. M6ATAR00732 Myt1 kinase (PKMYT1) Myt1 kinase PMYT1_HUMAN hsa:9088 HGNC:29650 . ENSG00000127564 9088 PKMYT1 Protein coding 16p13.3 MLERPPALAMPMPTEGTPPPLSGTPIPVPAYFRHAEPGFSLKRPRGLSRSLPPPPPAKGSIPISRLFPPRTPGWHQLQPRRVSFRGEASETLQSPGYDPSRPESFFQQSFQRLSRLGHGSYGEVFKVRSKEDGRLYAVKRSMSPFRGPKDRARKLAEVGSHEKVGQHPCCVRLEQAWEEGGILYLQTELCGPSLQQHCEAWGASLPEAQVWGYLRDTLLALAHLHSQGLVHLDVKPANIFLGPRGRCKLGDFGLLVELGTAGAGEVQEGDPRYMAPELLQGSYGTAADVFSLGLTILEVACNMELPHGGEGWQQLRQGYLPPEFTAGLSSELRSVLVMMLEPDPKLRATAEALLALPVLRQPRAWGVLWCMAAEALSRGWALWQALLALLCWLWHGLAHPASWLQPLGPPATPPGSPPCSLLLDSSLSSNWDDDSLGPSLSPEAVLARTVGSTSTPRSRCTPRDALDLSDINSEPPRGSFPSFEPRNLLSLFEDTLDPT Protein kinase superfamily, Ser/Thr protein kinase family, WEE1 subfamily Acts as a negative regulator of entry into mitosis (G2 to M transition) by phosphorylation of the CDK1 kinase specifically when CDK1 is complexed to cyclins. Mediates phosphorylation of CDK1 predominantly on 'Thr-14'. Also involved in Golgi fragmentation. May be involved in phosphorylation of CDK1 on 'Tyr-15' to a lesser degree, however tyrosine kinase activity is unclear and may be indirect. May be a downstream target of Notch signaling pathway during eye development. M6ATAR00605 NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) Angiotensin/vasopressin receptor AII/AVP-like; Caterpiller protein 1.1; CLR1.1; Cold-induced autoinflammatory syndrome 1 protein; Cryopyrin; PYRIN-containing APAF1-like protein 1 NLRP3_HUMAN hsa:114548 HGNC:16400 . ENSG00000162711 114548 NLRP3 Protein coding 1q44 MKMASTRCKLARYLEDLEDVDLKKFKMHLEDYPPQKGCIPLPRGQTEKADHVDLATLMIDFNGEEKAWAMAVWIFAAINRRDLYEKAKRDEPKWGSDNARVSNPTVICQEDSIEEEWMGLLEYLSRISICKMKKDYRKKYRKYVRSRFQCIEDRNARLGESVSLNKRYTRLRLIKEHRSQQEREQELLAIGKTKTCESPVSPIKMELLFDPDDEHSEPVHTVVFQGAAGIGKTILARKMMLDWASGTLYQDRFDYLFYIHCREVSLVTQRSLGDLIMSCCPDPNPPIHKIVRKPSRILFLMDGFDELQGAFDEHIGPLCTDWQKAERGDILLSSLIRKKLLPEASLLITTRPVALEKLQHLLDHPRHVEILGFSEAKRKEYFFKYFSDEAQARAAFSLIQENEVLFTMCFIPLVCWIVCTGLKQQMESGKSLAQTSKTTTAVYVFFLSSLLQPRGGSQEHGLCAHLWGLCSLAADGIWNQKILFEESDLRNHGLQKADVSAFLRMNLFQKEVDCEKFYSFIHMTFQEFFAAMYYLLEEEKEGRTNVPGSRLKLPSRDVTVLLENYGKFEKGYLIFVVRFLFGLVNQERTSYLEKKLSCKISQQIRLELLKWIEVKAKAKKLQIQPSQLELFYCLYEMQEEDFVQRAMDYFPKIEINLSTRMDHMVSSFCIENCHRVESLSLGFLHNMPKEEEEEEKEGRHLDMVQCVLPSSSHAACSHGLVNSHLTSSFCRGLFSVLSTSQSLTELDLSDNSLGDPGMRVLCETLQHPGCNIRRLWLGRCGLSHECCFDISLVLSSNQKLVELDLSDNALGDFGIRLLCVGLKHLLCNLKKLWLVSCCLTSACCQDLASVLSTSHSLTRLYVGENALGDSGVAILCEKAKNPQCNLQKLGLVNSGLTSVCCSALSSVLSTNQNLTHLYLRGNTLGDKGIKLLCEGLLHPDCKLQVLELDNCNLTSHCCWDLSTLLTSSQSLRKLSLGNNDLGDLGVMMFCEVLKQQSCLLQNLGLSEMYFNYETKSALETLQEEKPELTVVFEPSW NLRP family As the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, plays a crucial role in innate immunity and inflammation. In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex, made of NLRP3, PYCARD and CASP1 (and possibly CASP4 and CASP5). Recruitment of proCASP1 to the inflammasome promotes its activation and CASP1-catalyzed IL1B and IL18 maturation and secretion in the extracellular milieu. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion. The active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses. Inflammasomes can also induce pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Under resting conditions, NLRP3 is autoinhibited. NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, reactive oxygen species, K(+) efflux, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, cytosolic dsRNA, etc. Activation upon, at least, K(+) efflux is mediated by the interaction wit NEK7 (By similarity). Activation in presence of cytosolic dsRNA is mediated by DHX33. Independently of inflammasome activation, regulates the differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and has a role in Th2 cell-dependent asthma and tumor growth (By similarity). During Th2 differentiation, required for optimal IRF4 binding to IL4 promoter and for IRF4-dependent IL4 transcription. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-GRRGGNRGAG-3'. May also participate in the transcription of IL5, IL13, GATA3, CCR3, CCR4 and MAF (By similarity). M6ATAR00708 NACHT/LRR/PYD domains-containing protein 1 (NLRP1) Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 7; Death effector filament-forming ced-4-like apoptosis protein; Nucleotide-binding domain and caspase recruitment domain NLRP1_HUMAN hsa:22861 HGNC:14374 . ENSG00000091592 22861 NLRP1 Protein coding 17p13 MAGGAWGRLACYLEFLKKEELKEFQLLLANKAHSRSSSGETPAQPEKTSGMEVASYLVAQYGEQRAWDLALHTWEQMGLRSLCAQAQEGAGHSPSFPYSPSEPHLGSPSQPTSTAVLMPWIHELPAGCTQGSERRVLRQLPDTSGRRWREISASLLYQALPSSPDHESPSQESPNAPTSTAVLGSWGSPPQPSLAPREQEAPGTQWPLDETSGIYYTEIREREREKSEKGRPPWAAVVGTPPQAHTSLQPHHHPWEPSVRESLCSTWPWKNEDFNQKFTQLLLLQRPHPRSQDPLVKRSWPDYVEENRGHLIEIRDLFGPGLDTQEPRIVILQGAAGIGKSTLARQVKEAWGRGQLYGDRFQHVFYFSCRELAQSKVVSLAELIGKDGTATPAPIRQILSRPERLLFILDGVDEPGWVLQEPSSELCLHWSQPQPADALLGSLLGKTILPEASFLITARTTALQNLIPSLEQARWVEVLGFSESSRKEYFYRYFTDERQAIRAFRLVKSNKELWALCLVPWVSWLACTCLMQQMKRKEKLTLTSKTTTTLCLHYLAQALQAQPLGPQLRDLCSLAAEGIWQKKTLFSPDDLRKHGLDGAIISTFLKMGILQEHPIPLSYSFIHLCFQEFFAAMSYVLEDEKGRGKHSNCIIDLEKTLEAYGIHGLFGASTTRFLLGLLSDEGEREMENIFHCRLSQGRNLMQWVPSLQLLLQPHSLESLHCLYETRNKTFLTQVMAHFEEMGMCVETDMELLVCTFCIKFSRHVKKLQLIEGRQHRSTWSPTMVVLFRWVPVTDAYWQILFSVLKVTRNLKELDLSGNSLSHSAVKSLCKTLRRPRCLLETLRLAGCGLTAEDCKDLAFGLRANQTLTELDLSFNVLTDAGAKHLCQRLRQPSCKLQRLQLVSCGLTSDCCQDLASVLSASPSLKELDLQQNNLDDVGVRLLCEGLRHPACKLIRLGLDQTTLSDEMRQELRALEQEKPQLLIFSRRKPSVMTPTEGLDTGEMSNSTSSLKRQRLGSERAASHVAQANLKLLDVSKIFPIAEIAEESSPEVVPVELLCVPSPASQGDLHTKPLGTDDDFWGPTGPVATEVVDKEKNLYRVHFPVAGSYRWPNTGLCFVMREAVTVEIEFCVWDQFLGEINPQHSWMVAGPLLDIKAEPGAVEAVHLPHFVALQGGHVDTSLFQMAHFKEEGMLLEKPARVELHHIVLENPSFSPLGVLLKMIHNALRFIPVTSVVLLYHRVHPEEVTFHLYLIPSDCSIRKAIDDLEMKFQFVRIHKPPPLTPLYMGCRYTVSGSGSGMLEILPKELELCYRSPGEDQLFSEFYVGHLGSGIRLQVKDKKDETLVWEALVKPGDLMPATTLIPPARIAVPSPLDAPQLLHFVDQYREQLIARVTSVEVVLDKLHGQVLSQEQYERVLAENTRPSQMRKLFSLSQSWDRKCKDGLYQALKETHPHLIMELWEKGSKKGLLPLSS NLRP family Acts as the sensor component of the NLRP1 inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to various pathogen-associated signals, leading to subsequent pyroptosis. Inflammasomes are supramolecular complexes that assemble in the cytosol in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals and play critical roles in innate immunity and inflammation. Acts as a recognition receptor (PRR): recognizes specific pathogens and other damage-associated signals, such as cleavage by human rhinoviruses 14 and 16 (HRV-14 and HRV-16), double-stranded RNA or Val-boroPro inhibitor, and mediates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex composed of NLRP1, CASP1 and PYCARD/ASC. In response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of NLRP1 is degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, C-terminus), which polymerizes and associates with PYCARD/ASC to initiate the formation of the inflammasome complex: the NLRP1 inflammasome recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), leading to pyroptosis. Activation of NLRP1 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion; the active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses. Binds ATP and shows ATPase activity. Plays an important role in antiviral immunity and inflammation in the human airway epithelium. Specifically recognizes a number of pathogen-associated signals: upon infection by human rhinoviruses 14 and 16 (HRV-14 and HRV-16), NLRP1 is cleaved and activated which triggers NLRP1-dependent inflammasome activation and IL18 secretion. Positive-strand RNA viruses such as. Semliki forest virus and long dsRNA activate the NLRP1 inflammasome, triggering IL1B release in a NLRP1-dependent fashion. Acts as a direct sensor for long dsRNA and thus RNA virus infection. May also be activated by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, in a NOD2-dependent manner; [NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1]: Constitutes the precursor of the NLRP1 inflammasome, which mediates autoproteolytic processing within the FIIND domain to generate the N-terminal and C-terminal parts, which are associated non-covalently in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals. ; FUNCTION: [NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, N-terminus]: Regulatory part that prevents formation of the NLRP1 inflammasome: in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the C-terminal part of NLRP1 (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, C-terminus), preventing activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, this part is ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein, which polymerizes and forms the NLRP1 inflammasome; [NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, C-terminus]: Constitutes the active part of the NLRP1 inflammasome. In absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the N-terminal part of NLRP1 (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, N-terminus), preventing activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of NLRP1 is degraded by the proteasome, releasing this form, which polymerizes and associates with PYCARD/ASC to form of the NLRP1 inflammasome complex: the NLRP1 inflammasome complex then directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, leading to gasdermin-D (GSDMD) cleavage and subsequent pyroptosis ; [Isoform 2]: It is unclear whether is involved in inflammasome formation. It is not cleaved within the FIIND domain, does not assemble into specks, nor promote IL1B release. However, in an vitro cell-free system, it has been shown to be activated by MDP. M6ATAR00393 NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) hSIRT1; NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-1; Regulatory protein SIR2 homolog 1; SIR2-like protein 1; hSIR2; 75SirT1; SIR2L1 SIR1_HUMAN hsa:23411 HGNC:14929 . ENSG00000096717 23411 SIRT1 Protein coding 10q21.3 MADEAALALQPGGSPSAAGADREAASSPAGEPLRKRPRRDGPGLERSPGEPGGAAPEREVPAAARGCPGAAAAALWREAEAEAAAAGGEQEAQATAAAGEGDNGPGLQGPSREPPLADNLYDEDDDDEGEEEEEAAAAAIGYRDNLLFGDEIITNGFHSCESDEEDRASHASSSDWTPRPRIGPYTFVQQHLMIGTDPRTILKDLLPETIPPPELDDMTLWQIVINILSEPPKRKKRKDINTIEDAVKLLQECKKIIVLTGAGVSVSCGIPDFRSRDGIYARLAVDFPDLPDPQAMFDIEYFRKDPRPFFKFAKEIYPGQFQPSLCHKFIALSDKEGKLLRNYTQNIDTLEQVAGIQRIIQCHGSFATASCLICKYKVDCEAVRGDIFNQVVPRCPRCPADEPLAIMKPEIVFFGENLPEQFHRAMKYDKDEVDLLIVIGSSLKVRPVALIPSSIPHEVPQILINREPLPHLHFDVELLGDCDVIINELCHRLGGEYAKLCCNPVKLSEITEKPPRTQKELAYLSELPPTPLHVSEDSSSPERTSPPDSSVIVTLLDQAAKSNDDLDVSESKGCMEEKPQEVQTSRNVESIAEQMENPDLKNVGSSTGEKNERTSVAGTVRKCWPNRVAKEQISRRLDGNQYLFLPPNRYIFHGAEVYSDSEDDVLSSSSCGSNSDSGTCQSPSLEEPMEDESEIEEFYNGLEDEPDVPERAGGAGFGTDGDDQEAINEAISVKQEVTDMNYPSNKS sirtuin family; Class I subfamily NAD-dependent protein deacetylase that links transcriptional regulation directly to intracellular energetics and participates in the coordination of several separated cellular functions such as cell cycle, response to DNA damage, metabolism, apoptosis and autophagy . Can modulate chromatin function through deacetylation of histones and can promote alterations in the methylation of histones and DNA, leading to transcriptional repression. Serves as a sensor of the cytosolic ratio of NAD(+)/NADH which is altered by glucose deprivation and metabolic changes associated with caloric restriction. Is essential in skeletal muscle cell differentiation and in response to low nutrients mediates the inhibitory effect on skeletal myoblast differentiation which also involves 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) (By similarity). Component of the eNoSC (energy-dependent nucleolar silencing) complex, a complex that mediates silencing of rDNA in response to intracellular energy status and acts by recruiting histone-modifying enzymes. The eNoSC complex is able to sense the energy status of cell: upon glucose starvation, elevation of NAD(+)/NADP(+) ratio activates SIRT1, leading to histone H3 deacetylation followed by dimethylation of H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me2) by SUV39H1 and the formation of silent chromatin in the rDNA locus. Deacetylates H2A and 'Lys-26' of H1-4. Deacetylates 'Lys-16' of histone H4 (in vitro). Involved in NR0B2/SHP corepression function through chromatin remodeling: Recruited to LRH1 target gene promoters by NR0B2/SHP thereby stimulating histone H3 and H4 deacetylation leading to transcriptional repression. Proposed to contribute to genomic integrity via positive regulation of telomere length; however, reports on localization to pericentromeric heterochromatin are conflicting (By similarity). Proposed to play a role in constitutive heterochromatin (CH) formation and/or maintenance through regulation of the available pool of nuclear SUV39H1. This increase in SUV39H1 levels enhances SUV39H1 turnover in CH, which in turn seems to accelerate renewal of the heterochromatin which correlates with greater genomic integrity during stress response. Deacetylates TAF1B and thereby represses rDNA transcription by the RNA polymerase I (By similarity). Deacetylates MYC, promotes the association of MYC with MAX and decreases MYC stability leading to compromised transformational capability. Deacetylates FOXO3 in response to oxidative stress thereby increasing its ability to induce cell cycle arrest and resistance to oxidative stress but inhibiting FOXO3-mediated induction of apoptosis transcriptional activity; also leading to FOXO3 ubiquitination and protesomal degradation. Appears to have a similar effect on MLLT7/FOXO4 in regulation of transcriptional activity and apoptosis. Deacetylates DNMT1; thereby impairs DNMT1 methyltransferase-independent transcription repressor activity, modulates DNMT1 cell cycle regulatory function and DNMT1-mediated gene silencing. Deacetylates RELA/NF-kappa-B p65 thereby inhibiting its transactivating potential and augments apoptosis in response to TNF-alpha. Deacetylates HIF1A, KAT5/TIP60, RB1 and HIC1. Deacetylates FOXO1 resulting in its nuclear retention and enhancement of its transcriptional activity leading to increased gluconeogenesis in liver. Inhibits E2F1 transcriptional activity and apoptotic function, possibly by deacetylation. Involved in HES1- and HEY2-mediated transcriptional repression. In cooperation with MYCN seems to be involved in transcriptional repression of DUSP6/MAPK3 leading to MYCN stabilization by phosphorylation at 'Ser-62'. Deacetylates MEF2D. Required for antagonist-mediated transcription suppression of AR-dependent genes which may be linked to local deacetylation of histone H3. Represses HNF1A-mediated transcription (By similarity). Required for the repression of ESRRG by CREBZF. Deacetylates NR1H3 and NR1H2 and deacetylation of NR1H3 at 'Lys-434' positively regulates transcription of NR1H3:RXR target genes, promotes NR1H3 proteosomal degradation and results in cholesterol efflux; a promoter clearing mechanism after reach round of transcription is proposed. Involved in lipid metabolism: deacetylates LPIN1, thereby inhibiting diacylglycerol synthesis. Implicated in regulation of adipogenesis and fat mobilization in white adipocytes by repression of PPARG which probably involves association with NCOR1 and SMRT/NCOR2 (By similarity). Deacetylates p300/EP300 and PRMT1 (By similarity). Deacetylates ACSS2 leading to its activation, and HMGCS1 deacetylation. Involved in liver and muscle metabolism. Through deacetylation and activation of PPARGC1A is required to activate fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle under low-glucose conditions and is involved in glucose homeostasis. Involved in regulation of PPARA and fatty acid beta-oxidation in liver. Involved in positive regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells in response to glucose; the function seems to imply transcriptional repression of UCP2. Proposed to deacetylate IRS2 thereby facilitating its insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Deacetylates SREBF1 isoform SREBP-1C thereby decreasing its stability and transactivation in lipogenic gene expression. Involved in DNA damage response by repressing genes which are involved in DNA repair, such as XPC and TP73, deacetylating XRCC6/Ku70, and facilitating recruitment of additional factors to sites of damaged DNA, such as SIRT1-deacetylated NBN can recruit ATM to initiate DNA repair and SIRT1-deacetylated XPA interacts with RPA2 . Also involved in DNA repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination and specifically single-strand annealing independently of XRCC6/Ku70 and NBN. Transcriptional suppression of XPC probably involves an E2F4:RBL2 suppressor complex and protein kinase B (AKT) signaling. Transcriptional suppression of TP73 probably involves E2F4 and PCAF. Deacetylates WRN thereby regulating its helicase and exonuclease activities and regulates WRN nuclear translocation in response to DNA damage. Deacetylates APEX1 at 'Lys-6' and 'Lys-7' and stimulates cellular AP endonuclease activity by promoting the association of APEX1 to XRCC1. Catalyzes deacetylation of ERCC4/XPF, thereby impairing interaction with ERCC1 and nucleotide excision repair (NER). Increases p53/TP53-mediated transcription-independent apoptosis by blocking nuclear translocation of cytoplasmic p53/TP53 and probably redirecting it to mitochondria. Deacetylates XRCC6/Ku70 at 'Lys-539' and 'Lys-542' causing it to sequester BAX away from mitochondria thereby inhibiting stress-induced apoptosis. Is involved in autophagy, presumably by deacetylating ATG5, ATG7 and MAP1LC3B/ATG8. Deacetylates AKT1 which leads to enhanced binding of AKT1 and PDK1 to PIP3 and promotes their activation. Proposed to play role in regulation of STK11/LBK1-dependent AMPK signaling pathways implicated in cellular senescence which seems to involve the regulation of the acetylation status of STK11/LBK1. Can deacetylate STK11/LBK1 and thereby increase its activity, cytoplasmic localization and association with STRAD; however, the relevance of such activity in normal cells is unclear . In endothelial cells is shown to inhibit STK11/LBK1 activity and to promote its degradation. Deacetylates SMAD7 at 'Lys-64' and 'Lys-70' thereby promoting its degradation. Deacetylates CIITA and augments its MHC class II transactivation and contributes to its stability. Deacetylates MECOM/EVI1. Deacetylates PML at 'Lys-487' and this deacetylation promotes PML control of PER2 nuclear localization . During the neurogenic transition, represses selective NOTCH1-target genes through histone deacetylation in a BCL6-dependent manner and leading to neuronal differentiation. Regulates the circadian expression of several core clock genes, including ARNTL/BMAL1, RORC, PER2 and CRY1 and plays a critical role in maintaining a controlled rhythmicity in histone acetylation, thereby contributing to circadian chromatin remodeling . Deacetylates ARNTL/BMAL1 and histones at the circadian gene promoters in order to facilitate repression by inhibitory components of the circadian oscillator (By similarity). Deacetylates PER2, facilitating its ubiquitination and degradation by the proteosome (By similarity). Protects cardiomyocytes against palmitate-induced apoptosis (By similarity). Deacetylates XBP1 isoform 2; deacetylation decreases protein stability of XBP1 isoform 2 and inhibits its transcriptional activity. Deacetylates PCK1 and directs its activity toward phosphoenolpyruvate production promoting gluconeogenesis. Involved in the CCAR2-mediated regulation of PCK1 and NR1D1. Deacetylates CTNB1 at 'Lys-49'. In POMC (pro-opiomelanocortin) neurons, required for leptin-induced activation of PI3K signaling (By similarity). In addition to protein deacetylase activity, also acts as protein-lysine deacylase by mediating protein depropionylation and decrotonylation. Mediates depropionylation of Osterix (SP7) (By similarity). Catalyzes decrotonylation of histones; it however does not represent a major histone decrotonylase. Deacetylates SOX9; promoting SOX9 nuclear localization and transactivation activity (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of centrosome duplication. Deacetylates CENATAC in G1 phase, allowing for SASS6 accumulation on the centrosome and subsequent procentriole assembly. Deacetylates NDC80/HEC1.; [Isoform 2]: Deacetylates 'Lys-382' of p53/TP53, however with lower activity than isoform 1. In combination, the two isoforms exert an additive effect. Isoform 2 regulates p53/TP53 expression and cellular stress response and is in turn repressed by p53/TP53 presenting a SIRT1 isoform-dependent auto-regulatory loop; (Microbial infection) In case of HIV-1 infection, interacts with and deacetylates the viral Tat protein. The viral Tat protein inhibits SIRT1 deacetylation activity toward RELA/NF-kappa-B p65, thereby potentiates its transcriptional activity and SIRT1 is proposed to contribute to T-cell hyperactivation during infection. ; [SirtT1 75 kDa fragment]: Catalytically inactive 75SirT1 may be involved in regulation of apoptosis. May be involved in protecting chondrocytes from apoptotic death by associating with cytochrome C and interfering with apoptosome assembly. M6ATAR00394 NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-6 (SIRT6) Regulatory protein SIR2 homolog 6; SIR2-like protein 6; SIR2L6 SIR6_HUMAN hsa:51548 HGNC:14934 . ENSG00000077463 51548 SIRT6 Protein coding 19p13.3 MSVNYAAGLSPYADKGKCGLPEIFDPPEELERKVWELARLVWQSSSVVFHTGAGISTASGIPDFRGPHGVWTMEERGLAPKFDTTFESARPTQTHMALVQLERVGLLRFLVSQNVDGLHVRSGFPRDKLAELHGNMFVEECAKCKTQYVRDTVVGTMGLKATGRLCTVAKARGLRACRGELRDTILDWEDSLPDRDLALADEASRNADLSITLGTSLQIRPSGNLPLATKRRGGRLVIVNLQPTKHDRHADLRIHGYVDEVMTRLMKHLGLEIPAWDGPRVLERALPPLPRPPTPKLEPKEESPTRINGSIPAGPKQEPCAQHNGSEPASPKRERPTSPAPHRPPKRVKAKAVPS sirtuin family; Class IV subfamily NAD-dependent protein deacetylase involved in various processes including telomere maintenance and gene expression, and consequently has roles in genomic stability, cell senescence and apoptosis . Has very weak deacetylase activity and can bind NAD(+) in the absence of acetylated substrate. Has deacetylase activity towards histone H3K9Ac and H3K56Ac. Modulates acetylation of histone H3 in telomeric chromatin during the S-phase of the cell cycle. May also be required for the association of WRN with telomeres during S-phase and for normal telomere maintenance. Deacetylates histone H3K9Ac at NF-kappa-B target promoters and may down-regulate the expression of a subset of NF-kappa-B target genes. Deacetylation of nucleosomes interferes with RELA binding to target DNA. Acts as a corepressor of the transcription factor Hif1a to control the expression of multiple glycolytic genes to regulate glucose homeostasis (By similarity). Required for normal IGF1 serum levels and normal glucose homeostasis (By similarity). Regulates the production of TNF protein (By similarity). Has a role in the regulation of life span (By similarity). M6ATAR00264 Negative growth regulatory protein MyD118 (GADD45B) Myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD118; Negative growth regulatory protein MyD118; MYD118 GA45B_HUMAN hsa:4616 HGNC:4096 . ENSG00000099860 4616 GADD45B Protein coding 19p13.3 MTLEELVACDNAAQKMQTVTAAVEELLVAAQRQDRLTVGVYESAKLMNVDPDSVVLCLLAIDEEEEDDIALQIHFTLIQSFCCDNDINIVRVSGMQRLAQLLGEPAETQGTTEARDLHCLLVTNPHTDAWKSHGLVEVASYCEESRGNNQWVPYISLQER GADD45 family Involved in the regulation of growth and apoptosis. Mediates activation of stress-responsive MTK1/MEKK4 MAPKKK. M6ATAR00634 Neuroblast differentiation-associated protein AHNAK (AHNAK) Desmoyokin AHNK_HUMAN hsa:79026 HGNC:347 . ENSG00000124942 79026 AHNAK Protein coding 11q12.3 MEKEETTRELLLPNWQGSGSHGLTIAQRDDGVFVQEVTQNSPAARTGVVKEGDQIVGATIYFDNLQSGEVTQLLNTMGHHTVGLKLHRKGDRSPEPGQTWTREVFSSCSSEVVLSGDDEEYQRIYTTKIKPRLKSEDGVEGDLGETQSRTITVTRRVTAYTVDVTGREGAKDIDISSPEFKIKIPRHELTEISNVDVETQSGKTVIRLPSGSGAASPTGSAVDIRAGAISASGPELQGAGHSKLQVTMPGIKVGGSGVNVNAKGLDLGGRGGVQVPAVDISSSLGGRAVEVQGPSLESGDHGKIKFPTMKVPKFGVSTGREGQTPKAGLRVSAPEVSVGHKGGKPGLTIQAPQLEVSVPSANIEGLEGKLKGPQITGPSLEGDLGLKGAKPQGHIGVDASAPQIGGSITGPSVEVQAPDIDVQGPGSKLNVPKMKVPKFSVSGAKGEETGIDVTLPTGEVTVPGVSGDVSLPEIATGGLEGKMKGTKVKTPEMIIQKPKISMQDVDLSLGSPKLKGDIKVSAPGVQGDVKGPQVALKGSRVDIETPNLEGTLTGPRLGSPSGKTGTCRISMSEVDLNVAAPKVKGGVDVTLPRVEGKVKVPEVDVRGPKVDVSAPDVEAHGPEWNLKMPKMKMPTFSTPGAKGEGPDVHMTLPKGDISISGPKVNVEAPDVNLEGLGGKLKGPDVKLPDMSVKTPKISMPDVDLHVKGTKVKGEYDVTVPKLEGELKGPKVDIDAPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKMKMPKFSVPGFKAEGPEVDVNLPKADVDISGPKIDVTAPDVSIEEPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKVPKISMPDVDLHLKGPNVKGEYDVTMPKVESEIKVPDVELKSAKMDIDVPDVEVQGPDWHLKMPKMKMPKFSMPGFKAEGPEVDVNLPKADVDISGPKVGVEVPDVNIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDVDLHMKGPKVKGEYDMTVPKLEGDLKGPKVDVSAPDVEMQGPDWNLKMPKIKMPKFSMPSLKGEGPEFDVNLSKANVDISAPKVDTNAPDLSLEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMHFRAPKMSLPDVDLDLKGPKMKGNVDISAPKIEGEMQVPDVDIRGPKVDIKAPDVEGQGLDWSLKIPKMKMPKFSMPSLKGEGPEVDVNLPKADVVVSGPKVDIEAPDVSLEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMHFKTPKISMPDVDLHLKGPKVKGDVDVSVPKVEGEMKVPDVEIKGPKMDIDAPDVEVQGPDWHLKMPKMKMPKFSMPGFKGEGREVDVNLPKADIDVSGPKVDVEVPDVSLEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMHFKAPKISMPDVDLNLKGPKLKGDVDVSLPEVEGEMKVPDVDIKGPKVDISAPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPEVDVKLPKADVDVSGPKMDAEVPDVNIEGPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMSIKPQKISIPDVGLHLKGPKMKGDYDVTVPKVEGEIKAPDVDIKGPKVDINAPDVEVHGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPEVDMNLPKADLGVSGPKVDIDVPDVNLEAPEGKLKGPKFKMPSMNIQTHKISMPDVGLNLKAPKLKTDVDVSLPKVEGDLKGPEIDVKAPKMDVNVGDIDIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMHFKAPKISMPDVDLHLKGPKVKGDMDVSVPKVEGEMKVPDVDIKGPKVDIDAPDVEVHDPDWHLKMPKMKMPKFSMPGFKAEGPEVDVNLPKADIDVSGPSVDTDAPDLDIEGPEGKLKGSKFKMPKLNIKAPKVSMPDVDLNLKGPKLKGEIDASVPELEGDLRGPQVDVKGPFVEAEVPDVDLECPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMHFKAPKISMPDVDLHLKGPKVKGDADVSVPKLEGDLTGPSVGVEVPDVELECPDAKLKGPKFKMPDMHFKAPKISMPDVDLHLKGPKVKGDVDVSVPKLEGDLTGPSVGVEVPDVELECPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMHFKTPKISMPDVDLHLKGPKVKGDMDVSVPKVEGEMKVPDVDIKGPKMDIDAPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKMKMPKFSMPGFKAEGPEVDVNLPKADVVVSGPKVDVEVPDVSLEGPEGKLKGPKLKMPEMHFKAPKISMPDVDLHLKGPKVKGDVDVSLPKLEGDLTGPSVDVEVPDVELECPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMHFKTPKISMPDVNLNLKGPKVKGDMDVSVPKVEGEMKVPDVDIRGPKVDIDAPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKMKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPEVDVNLPKADVDVSGPKVDVEVPDVSLEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMHFKTPKISMPDVDFNLKGPKIKGDVDVSAPKLEGELKGPELDVKGPKLDADMPEVAVEGPNGKWKTPKFKMPDMHFKAPKISMPDLDLHLKSPKAKGEVDVDVPKLEGDLKGPHVDVSGPDIDIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPDMHFKAPNISMPDVDLNLKGPKIKGDVDVSVPEVEGKLEVPDMNIRGPKVDVNAPDVQAPDWHLKMPKMKMPKFSMPGFKAEGPEVDVNLPKADVDISGPKVDIEGPDVNIEGPEGKLKGPKLKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDFDLHLKGPKVKGDVDVSLPKVEGDLKGPEVDIKGPKVDINAPDVGVQGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPDGDVKLPKADIDVSGPKVDIEGPDVNIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDIDLNLKGPKVKGDVDVSLPKVEGDLKGPEVDIKGPKVDIDAPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKIKMPKISMPGFKGEGPDVDVNLPKADIDVSGPKVDVECPDVNIEGPEGKWKSPKFKMPEMHFKTPKISMPDIDLNLTGPKIKGDVDVTGPKVEGDLKGPEVDLKGPKVDIDVPDVNVQGPDWHLKMPKMKMPKFSMPGFKAEGPEVDVNLPKADVDVSGPKVDVEGPDVNIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKIPMPDFDLHLKGPKVKGDVDISLPKVEGDLKGPEVDIRGPQVDIDVPDVGVQGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPDVDVNLPKADLDVSGPKVDIDVPDVNIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDIDLNLKGPKVKGDMDVSLPKVEGDMKVPDVDIKGPKVDINAPDVDVQGPDWHLKMPKIKMPKISMPGFKGEGPEVDVNLPKADLDVSGPKVDVDVPDVNIEGPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDLDLNLKGPKMKGEVDVSLANVEGDLKGPALDIKGPKIDVDAPDIDIHGPDAKLKGPKLKMPDMHVNMPKISMPEIDLNLKGSKLKGDVDVSGPKLEGDIKAPSLDIKGPEVDVSGPKLNIEGKSKKSRFKLPKFNFSGSKVQTPEVDVKGKKPDIDITGPKVDINAPDVEVQGKVKGSKFKMPFLSISSPKVSMPDVELNLKSPKVKGDLDIAGPNLEGDFKGPKVDIKAPEVNLNAPDVDVHGPDWNLKMPKMKMPKFSVSGLKAEGPDVAVDLPKGDINIEGPSMNIEGPDLNVEGPEGGLKGPKFKMPDMNIKAPKISMPDIDLNLKGPKVKGDVDISLPKLEGDLKGPEVDIKGPKVDINAPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPEVDVTLPKADIDISGPNVDVDVPDVNIEGPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDFDLNLKGPKMKGDVVVSLPKVEGDLKGPEVDIKGPKVDIDTPDINIEGSEGKFKGPKFKIPEMHLKAPKISMPDIDLNLKGPKVKGDVDVSLPKMEGDLKGPEVDIKGPKVDINAPDVDVQGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPDVDVNLPKADLDVSGPKVDIDVPDVNIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDIDLNLKGPKVKGDMDVSLPKVEGDMQVPDLDIKGPKVDINAPDVDVRGPDWHLKMPKIKMPKISMPGFKGEGPEVDVNLPKADLDVSGPKVDVDVPDVNIEGPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDFDLHLKGPKVKGDVDVSLPKMEGDLKAPEVDIKGPKVDIDAPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPEVDVNLPKADIDVSGPKVDIDTPDIDIHGPEGKLKGPKFKMPDLHLKAPKISMPEVDLNLKGPKMKGDVDVSLPKVEGDLKGPEVDIKGPKVDIDVPDVDVQGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPDVDVNLPKADLDVSGPKVDIDVPDVNIEGPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDFDLHLKGPKVKGDVDVSLPKVEGDLKGPEVDIKGPKVDIDAPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPDVDVTLPKADIEISGPKVDIDAPDVSIEGPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDIDFNLKGPKVKGDVDVSLPKVEGDLKGPEIDIKGPSLDIDTPDVNIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPEMNIKAPKISMPDFDLHLKGPKVKGDVDVSLPKVESDLKGPEVDIEGPEGKLKGPKFKMPDVHFKSPQISMSDIDLNLKGPKIKGDMDISVPKLEGDLKGPKVDVKGPKVGIDTPDIDIHGPEGKLKGPKFKMPDLHLKAPKISMPEVDLNLKGPKVKGDMDISLPKVEGDLKGPEVDIRDPKVDIDVPDVDVQGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPDVDVNLPKADIDVSGPKVDVDVPDVNIEGPDAKLKGPKFKMPEMSIKAPKISMPDIDLNLKGPKVKGDVDVTLPKVEGDLKGPEADIKGPKVDINTPDVDVHGPDWHLKMPKVKMPKFSMPGFKGEGPDVDVSLPKADIDVSGPKVDVDIPDVNIEGPDAKLKGPKFKMPEINIKAPKISIPDVDLDLKGPKVKGDFDVSVPKVEGTLKGPEVDLKGPRLDFEGPDAKLSGPSLKMPSLEISAPKVTAPDVDLHLKAPKIGFSGPKLEGGEVDLKGPKVEAPSLDVHMDSPDINIEGPDVKIPKFKKPKFGFGAKSPKADIKSPSLDVTVPEAELNLETPEISVGGKGKKSKFKMPKIHMSGPKIKAKKQGFDLNVPGGEIDASLKAPDVDVNIAGPDAALKVDVKSPKTKKTMFGKMYFPDVEFDIKSPKFKAEAPLPSPKLEGELQAPDLELSLPAIHVEGLDIKAKAPKVKMPDVDISVPKIEGDLKGPKVQANLGAPDINIEGLDAKVKTPSFGISAPQVSIPDVNVNLKGPKIKGDVPSVGLEGPDVDLQGPEAKIKFPKFSMPKIGIPGVKMEGGGAEVHAQLPSLEGDLRGPDVKLEGPDVSLKGPGVDLPSVNLSMPKVSGPDLDLNLKGPSLKGDLDASVPSMKVHAPGLNLSGVGGKMQVGGDGVKVPGIDATTKLNVGAPDVTLRGPSLQGDLAVSGDIKCPKVSVGAPDLSLEASEGSIKLPKMKLPQFGISTPGSDLHVNAKGPQVSGELKGPGVDVNLKGPRISAPNVDFNLEGPKVKGSLGATGEIKGPTVGGGLPGIGVQGLEGNLQMPGIKSSGCDVNLPGVNVKLPTGQISGPEIKGGLKGSEVGFHGAAPDISVKGPAFNMASPESDFGINLKGPKIKGGADVSGGVSAPDISLGEGHLSVKGSGGEWKGPQVSSALNLDTSKFAGGLHFSGPKVEGGVKGGQIGLQAPGLSVSGPQGHLESGSGKVTFPKMKIPKFTFSGRELVGREMGVDVHFPKAEASIQAGAGDGEWEESEVKLKKSKIKMPKFNFSKPKGKGGVTGSPEASISGSKGDLKSSKASLGSLEGEAEAEASSPKGKFSLFKSKKPRHRSNSFSDEREFSGPSTPTGTLEFEGGEVSLEGGKVKGKHGKLKFGTFGGLGSKSKGHYEVTGSDDETGKLQGSGVSLASKKSRLSSSSSNDSGNKVGIQLPEVELSVSTKKE . May be required for neuronal cell differentiation. M6ATAR00667 Neurocalcin-delta (NCALD) . NCALD_HUMAN hsa:83988 HGNC:7655 . ENSG00000104490 83988 NCALD Protein coding 8q22.3 MGKQNSKLRPEVMQDLLESTDFTEHEIQEWYKGFLRDCPSGHLSMEEFKKIYGNFFPYGDASKFAEHVFRTFDANGDGTIDFREFIIALSVTSRGKLEQKLKWAFSMYDLDGNGYISKAEMLEIVQAIYKMVSSVMKMPEDESTPEKRTEKIFRQMDTNRDGKLSLEEFIRGAKSDPSIVRLLQCDPSSAGQF Recoverin family May be involved in the calcium-dependent regulation of rhodopsin phosphorylation. Binds three calcium ions. M6ATAR00612 Neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NEUROD1) NeuroD; NeuroD1; Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 3; bHLHa3 NDF1_HUMAN hsa:4760 HGNC:7762 . ENSG00000162992 4760 NEUROD1 Protein coding 2q31.3 MTKSYSESGLMGEPQPQGPPSWTDECLSSQDEEHEADKKEDDLETMNAEEDSLRNGGEEEDEDEDLEEEEEEEEEDDDQKPKRRGPKKKKMTKARLERFKLRRMKANARERNRMHGLNAALDNLRKVVPCYSKTQKLSKIETLRLAKNYIWALSEILRSGKSPDLVSFVQTLCKGLSQPTTNLVAGCLQLNPRTFLPEQNQDMPPHLPTASASFPVHPYSYQSPGLPSPPYGTMDSSHVFHVKPPPHAYSAALEPFFESPLTDCTSPSFDGPLSPPLSINGNFSFKHEPSAEFEKNYAFTMHYPAATLAGAQSHGSIFSGTAAPRCEIPIDNIMSFDSHSHHERVMSAQLNAIFHD . Acts as a transcriptional activator: mediates transcriptional activation by binding to E box-containing promoter consensus core sequences 5'-CANNTG-3'. Associates with the p300/CBP transcription coactivator complex to stimulate transcription of the secretin gene as well as the gene encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A. Contributes to the regulation of several cell differentiation pathways, like those that promote the formation of early retinal ganglion cells, inner ear sensory neurons, granule cells forming either the cerebellum or the dentate gyrus cell layer of the hippocampus, endocrine islet cells of the pancreas and enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine. Together with PAX6 or SIX3, is required for the regulation of amacrine cell fate specification. Also required for dendrite morphogenesis and maintenance in the cerebellar cortex. Associates with chromatin to enhancer regulatory elements in genes encoding key transcriptional regulators of neurogenesis (By similarity). M6ATAR00351 Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (NOTCH1) Notch 1; hN1; Translocation-associated notch protein TAN-1; NEXT; NICD; TAN1 NOTC1_HUMAN hsa:4851 HGNC:7881 . ENSG00000148400 4851 NOTCH1 Protein coding 9q34.3 MPPLLAPLLCLALLPALAARGPRCSQPGETCLNGGKCEAANGTEACVCGGAFVGPRCQDPNPCLSTPCKNAGTCHVVDRRGVADYACSCALGFSGPLCLTPLDNACLTNPCRNGGTCDLLTLTEYKCRCPPGWSGKSCQQADPCASNPCANGGQCLPFEASYICHCPPSFHGPTCRQDVNECGQKPGLCRHGGTCHNEVGSYRCVCRATHTGPNCERPYVPCSPSPCQNGGTCRPTGDVTHECACLPGFTGQNCEENIDDCPGNNCKNGGACVDGVNTYNCRCPPEWTGQYCTEDVDECQLMPNACQNGGTCHNTHGGYNCVCVNGWTGEDCSENIDDCASAACFHGATCHDRVASFYCECPHGRTGLLCHLNDACISNPCNEGSNCDTNPVNGKAICTCPSGYTGPACSQDVDECSLGANPCEHAGKCINTLGSFECQCLQGYTGPRCEIDVNECVSNPCQNDATCLDQIGEFQCICMPGYEGVHCEVNTDECASSPCLHNGRCLDKINEFQCECPTGFTGHLCQYDVDECASTPCKNGAKCLDGPNTYTCVCTEGYTGTHCEVDIDECDPDPCHYGSCKDGVATFTCLCRPGYTGHHCETNINECSSQPCRHGGTCQDRDNAYLCFCLKGTTGPNCEINLDDCASSPCDSGTCLDKIDGYECACEPGYTGSMCNINIDECAGNPCHNGGTCEDGINGFTCRCPEGYHDPTCLSEVNECNSNPCVHGACRDSLNGYKCDCDPGWSGTNCDINNNECESNPCVNGGTCKDMTSGYVCTCREGFSGPNCQTNINECASNPCLNQGTCIDDVAGYKCNCLLPYTGATCEVVLAPCAPSPCRNGGECRQSEDYESFSCVCPTGWQGQTCEVDINECVLSPCRHGASCQNTHGGYRCHCQAGYSGRNCETDIDDCRPNPCHNGGSCTDGINTAFCDCLPGFRGTFCEEDINECASDPCRNGANCTDCVDSYTCTCPAGFSGIHCENNTPDCTESSCFNGGTCVDGINSFTCLCPPGFTGSYCQHDVNECDSQPCLHGGTCQDGCGSYRCTCPQGYTGPNCQNLVHWCDSSPCKNGGKCWQTHTQYRCECPSGWTGLYCDVPSVSCEVAAQRQGVDVARLCQHGGLCVDAGNTHHCRCQAGYTGSYCEDLVDECSPSPCQNGATCTDYLGGYSCKCVAGYHGVNCSEEIDECLSHPCQNGGTCLDLPNTYKCSCPRGTQGVHCEINVDDCNPPVDPVSRSPKCFNNGTCVDQVGGYSCTCPPGFVGERCEGDVNECLSNPCDARGTQNCVQRVNDFHCECRAGHTGRRCESVINGCKGKPCKNGGTCAVASNTARGFICKCPAGFEGATCENDARTCGSLRCLNGGTCISGPRSPTCLCLGPFTGPECQFPASSPCLGGNPCYNQGTCEPTSESPFYRCLCPAKFNGLLCHILDYSFGGGAGRDIPPPLIEEACELPECQEDAGNKVCSLQCNNHACGWDGGDCSLNFNDPWKNCTQSLQCWKYFSDGHCDSQCNSAGCLFDGFDCQRAEGQCNPLYDQYCKDHFSDGHCDQGCNSAECEWDGLDCAEHVPERLAAGTLVVVVLMPPEQLRNSSFHFLRELSRVLHTNVVFKRDAHGQQMIFPYYGREEELRKHPIKRAAEGWAAPDALLGQVKASLLPGGSEGGRRRRELDPMDVRGSIVYLEIDNRQCVQASSQCFQSATDVAAFLGALASLGSLNIPYKIEAVQSETVEPPPPAQLHFMYVAAAAFVLLFFVGCGVLLSRKRRRQHGQLWFPEGFKVSEASKKKRREPLGEDSVGLKPLKNASDGALMDDNQNEWGDEDLETKKFRFEEPVVLPDLDDQTDHRQWTQQHLDAADLRMSAMAPTPPQGEVDADCMDVNVRGPDGFTPLMIASCSGGGLETGNSEEEEDAPAVISDFIYQGASLHNQTDRTGETALHLAARYSRSDAAKRLLEASADANIQDNMGRTPLHAAVSADAQGVFQILIRNRATDLDARMHDGTTPLILAARLAVEGMLEDLINSHADVNAVDDLGKSALHWAAAVNNVDAAVVLLKNGANKDMQNNREETPLFLAAREGSYETAKVLLDHFANRDITDHMDRLPRDIAQERMHHDIVRLLDEYNLVRSPQLHGAPLGGTPTLSPPLCSPNGYLGSLKPGVQGKKVRKPSSKGLACGSKEAKDLKARRKKSQDGKGCLLDSSGMLSPVDSLESPHGYLSDVASPPLLPSPFQQSPSVPLNHLPGMPDTHLGIGHLNVAAKPEMAALGGGGRLAFETGPPRLSHLPVASGTSTVLGSSSGGALNFTVGGSTSLNGQCEWLSRLQSGMVPNQYNPLRGSVAPGPLSTQAPSLQHGMVGPLHSSLAASALSQMMSYQGLPSTRLATQPHLVQTQQVQPQNLQMQQQNLQPANIQQQQSLQPPPPPPQPHLGVSSAASGHLGRSFLSGEPSQADVQPLGPSSLAVHTILPQESPALPTSLPSSLVPPVTAAQFLTPPSQHSYSSPVDNTPSHQLQVPEHPFLTPSPESPDQWSSSSPHSNVSDWSEGVSSPPTSMQSQIARIPEAFK NOTCH family Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged-1 (JAG1), Jagged-2 (JAG2) and Delta-1 (DLL1) to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs. Involved in angiogenesis; negatively regulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration and angiogenic sprouting. Involved in the maturation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells in the thymus. Important for follicular differentiation and possibly cell fate selection within the follicle. During cerebellar development, functions as a receptor for neuronal DNER and is involved in the differentiation of Bergmann glia. Represses neuronal and myogenic differentiation. May play an essential role in postimplantation development, probably in some aspect of cell specification and/or differentiation. May be involved in mesoderm development, somite formation and neurogenesis. May enhance HIF1A function by sequestering HIF1AN away from HIF1A. Required for the THBS4 function in regulating protective astrogenesis from the subventricular zone (SVZ) niche after injury. Involved in determination of left/right symmetry by modulating the balance between motile and immotile (sensory) cilia at the left-right organiser (LRO). M6ATAR00566 Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 (NOTCH2) Notch 2; hN2 NOTC2_HUMAN hsa:4853 HGNC:7882 . ENSG00000134250 4853 NOTCH2 Protein coding 1p12 MPALRPALLWALLALWLCCAAPAHALQCRDGYEPCVNEGMCVTYHNGTGYCKCPEGFLGEYCQHRDPCEKNRCQNGGTCVAQAMLGKATCRCASGFTGEDCQYSTSHPCFVSRPCLNGGTCHMLSRDTYECTCQVGFTGKECQWTDACLSHPCANGSTCTTVANQFSCKCLTGFTGQKCETDVNECDIPGHCQHGGTCLNLPGSYQCQCPQGFTGQYCDSLYVPCAPSPCVNGGTCRQTGDFTFECNCLPGFEGSTCERNIDDCPNHRCQNGGVCVDGVNTYNCRCPPQWTGQFCTEDVDECLLQPNACQNGGTCANRNGGYGCVCVNGWSGDDCSENIDDCAFASCTPGSTCIDRVASFSCMCPEGKAGLLCHLDDACISNPCHKGALCDTNPLNGQYICTCPQGYKGADCTEDVDECAMANSNPCEHAGKCVNTDGAFHCECLKGYAGPRCEMDINECHSDPCQNDATCLDKIGGFTCLCMPGFKGVHCELEINECQSNPCVNNGQCVDKVNRFQCLCPPGFTGPVCQIDIDDCSSTPCLNGAKCIDHPNGYECQCATGFTGVLCEENIDNCDPDPCHHGQCQDGIDSYTCICNPGYMGAICSDQIDECYSSPCLNDGRCIDLVNGYQCNCQPGTSGVNCEINFDDCASNPCIHGICMDGINRYSCVCSPGFTGQRCNIDIDECASNPCRKGATCINGVNGFRCICPEGPHHPSCYSQVNECLSNPCIHGNCTGGLSGYKCLCDAGWVGINCEVDKNECLSNPCQNGGTCDNLVNGYRCTCKKGFKGYNCQVNIDECASNPCLNQGTCFDDISGYTCHCVLPYTGKNCQTVLAPCSPNPCENAAVCKESPNFESYTCLCAPGWQGQRCTIDIDECISKPCMNHGLCHNTQGSYMCECPPGFSGMDCEEDIDDCLANPCQNGGSCMDGVNTFSCLCLPGFTGDKCQTDMNECLSEPCKNGGTCSDYVNSYTCKCQAGFDGVHCENNINECTESSCFNGGTCVDGINSFSCLCPVGFTGSFCLHEINECSSHPCLNEGTCVDGLGTYRCSCPLGYTGKNCQTLVNLCSRSPCKNKGTCVQKKAESQCLCPSGWAGAYCDVPNVSCDIAASRRGVLVEHLCQHSGVCINAGNTHYCQCPLGYTGSYCEEQLDECASNPCQHGATCSDFIGGYRCECVPGYQGVNCEYEVDECQNQPCQNGGTCIDLVNHFKCSCPPGTRGLLCEENIDDCARGPHCLNGGQCMDRIGGYSCRCLPGFAGERCEGDINECLSNPCSSEGSLDCIQLTNDYLCVCRSAFTGRHCETFVDVCPQMPCLNGGTCAVASNMPDGFICRCPPGFSGARCQSSCGQVKCRKGEQCVHTASGPRCFCPSPRDCESGCASSPCQHGGSCHPQRQPPYYSCQCAPPFSGSRCELYTAPPSTPPATCLSQYCADKARDGVCDEACNSHACQWDGGDCSLTMENPWANCSSPLPCWDYINNQCDELCNTVECLFDNFECQGNSKTCKYDKYCADHFKDNHCDQGCNSEECGWDGLDCAADQPENLAEGTLVIVVLMPPEQLLQDARSFLRALGTLLHTNLRIKRDSQGELMVYPYYGEKSAAMKKQRMTRRSLPGEQEQEVAGSKVFLEIDNRQCVQDSDHCFKNTDAAAALLASHAIQGTLSYPLVSVVSESLTPERTQLLYLLAVAVVIILFIILLGVIMAKRKRKHGSLWLPEGFTLRRDASNHKRREPVGQDAVGLKNLSVQVSEANLIGTGTSEHWVDDEGPQPKKVKAEDEALLSEEDDPIDRRPWTQQHLEAADIRRTPSLALTPPQAEQEVDVLDVNVRGPDGCTPLMLASLRGGSSDLSDEDEDAEDSSANIITDLVYQGASLQAQTDRTGEMALHLAARYSRADAAKRLLDAGADANAQDNMGRCPLHAAVAADAQGVFQILIRNRVTDLDARMNDGTTPLILAARLAVEGMVAELINCQADVNAVDDHGKSALHWAAAVNNVEATLLLLKNGANRDMQDNKEETPLFLAAREGSYEAAKILLDHFANRDITDHMDRLPRDVARDRMHHDIVRLLDEYNVTPSPPGTVLTSALSPVICGPNRSFLSLKHTPMGKKSRRPSAKSTMPTSLPNLAKEAKDAKGSRRKKSLSEKVQLSESSVTLSPVDSLESPHTYVSDTTSSPMITSPGILQASPNPMLATAAPPAPVHAQHALSFSNLHEMQPLAHGASTVLPSVSQLLSHHHIVSPGSGSAGSLSRLHPVPVPADWMNRMEVNETQYNEMFGMVLAPAEGTHPGIAPQSRPPEGKHITTPREPLPPIVTFQLIPKGSIAQPAGAPQPQSTCPPAVAGPLPTMYQIPEMARLPSVAFPTAMMPQQDGQVAQTILPAYHPFPASVGKYPTPPSQHSYASSNAAERTPSHSGHLQGEHPYLTPSPESPDQWSSSSPHSASDWSDVTTSPTPGGAGGGQRGPGTHMSEPPHNNMQVYA NOTCH family Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged-1 (JAG1), Jagged-2 (JAG2) and Delta-1 (DLL1) to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity). Involved in bone remodeling and homeostasis. In collaboration with RELA/p65 enhances NFATc1 promoter activity and positively regulates RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Positively regulates self-renewal of liver cancer cells. M6ATAR00162 Neutral amino acid transporter B(0) (SLC1A5) ATB(0); Baboon M7 virus receptor; RD114/simian type D retrovirus receptor; Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter type 2; Solute carrier family 1 member 5; ASCT2; M7V1; RDR; RDRC AAAT_HUMAN hsa:6510 HGNC:10943 . ENSG00000105281 6510 SLC1A5 Protein coding 19q13.32 MVADPPRDSKGLAAAEPTANGGLALASIEDQGAAAGGYCGSRDQVRRCLRANLLVLLTVVAVVAGVALGLGVSGAGGALALGPERLSAFVFPGELLLRLLRMIILPLVVCSLIGGAASLDPGALGRLGAWALLFFLVTTLLASALGVGLALALQPGAASAAINASVGAAGSAENAPSKEVLDSFLDLARNIFPSNLVSAAFRSYSTTYEERNITGTRVKVPVGQEVEGMNILGLVVFAIVFGVALRKLGPEGELLIRFFNSFNEATMVLVSWIMWYAPVGIMFLVAGKIVEMEDVGLLFARLGKYILCCLLGHAIHGLLVLPLIYFLFTRKNPYRFLWGIVTPLATAFGTSSSSATLPLMMKCVEENNGVAKHISRFILPIGATVNMDGAALFQCVAAVFIAQLSQQSLDFVKIITILVTATASSVGAAGIPAGGVLTLAIILEAVNLPVDHISLILAVDWLVDRSCTVLNVEGDALGAGLLQNYVDRTESRSTEPELIQVKSELPLDPLPVPTEEGNPLLKHYRGPAGDATVASEKESVM dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2;A;23) family; SLC1A5 subfamily Sodium-dependent amino acids transporter that has a broad substrate specificity, with a preference for zwitterionic amino acids. It accepts as substrates all neutral amino acids, including glutamine, asparagine, and branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, and excludes methylated, anionic, and cationic amino acids. Through binding of the fusogenic protein syncytin-1/ERVW-1 may mediate trophoblasts syncytialization, the spontaneous fusion of their plasma membranes, an essential process in placental development. (Microbial infection) Acts as a cell surface receptor for Feline endogenous virus RD114. (Microbial infection) Acts as a cell surface receptor for Baboon M7 endogenous virus. (Microbial infection) Acts as a cell surface receptor for type D simian retroviruses. M6ATAR00683 NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (Nfkbia) I-kappa-B-alpha; IkB-alpha; IkappaBalpha; Major histocompatibility complex enhancer-binding protein MAD3 IKBA_HUMAN hsa:4792 HGNC:7797 . ENSG00000100906 4792 Nfkbia Protein coding 14q13.2 MFQAAERPQEWAMEGPRDGLKKERLLDDRHDSGLDSMKDEEYEQMVKELQEIRLEPQEVPRGSEPWKQQLTEDGDSFLHLAIIHEEKALTMEVIRQVKGDLAFLNFQNNLQQTPLHLAVITNQPEIAEALLGAGCDPELRDFRGNTPLHLACEQGCLASVGVLTQSCTTPHLHSILKATNYNGHTCLHLASIHGYLGIVELLVSLGADVNAQEPCNGRTALHLAVDLQNPDLVSLLLKCGADVNRVTYQGYSPYQLTWGRPSTRIQQQLGQLTLENLQMLPESEDEESYDTESEFTEFTEDELPYDDCVFGGQRLTL NF-kappa-B inhibitor family Inhibits the activity of dimeric NF-kappa-B/REL complexes by trapping REL dimers in the cytoplasm through masking of their nuclear localization signals. On cellular stimulation by immune and pro-inflammatory responses, becomes phosphorylated promoting ubiquitination and degradation, enabling the dimeric RELA to translocate to the nucleus and activate transcription. M6ATAR00144 NIFK antisense RNA 1 (NIFK-AS1) NIFK-AS1 . . HGNC:27385 . ENSG00000236859 254128 NIFK-AS1 LncRNA 2q14.3 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00462 Non-homologous end-joining factor 1 (NHEJ1/XLF) Protein cernunnos; XRCC4-like factor; XLF NHEJ1_HUMAN hsa:79840 HGNC:25737 . ENSG00000187736 2956 NHEJ1 Protein coding . MEELEQGLLMQPWAWLQLAENSLLAKVFITKQGYALLVSDLQQVWHEQVDTSVVSQRAKELNKRLTAPPAAFLCHLDNLLRPLLKDAAHPSEATFSCDCVADALILRVRSELSGLPFYWNFHCMLASPSLVSQHLIRPLMGMSLALQCQVRELATLLHMKDLEIQDYQESGATLIRDRLKTEPFEENSFLEQFMIEKLPEACSIGDGKPFVMNLQDLYMAVTTQEVQVGQKHQGAGDPHTSNSASLQGIDSQCVNQPEQLVSSAPTLSAPEKESTGTSGPLQRPQLSKVKRKKPRGLFS XRCC4-XLF family. XLF subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. DNA repair protein involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ); required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination. Plays a key role in NHEJ by promoting the ligation of various mismatched and non-cohesive ends. Together with PAXX, collaborates with DNA polymerase lambda (POLL) to promote joining of non-cohesive DNA ends. May act in concert with XRCC5-XRCC6 (Ku) to stimulate XRCC4-mediated joining of blunt ends and several types of mismatched ends that are non-complementary or partially complementary. Associates with XRCC4 to form alternating helical filaments that bridge DNA and act like a bandage, holding together the broken DNA until it is repaired. The XRCC4-NHEJ1/XLF subcomplex binds to the DNA fragments of a DSB in a highly diffusive manner and robustly bridges two independent DNA molecules, holding the broken DNA fragments in close proximity to one other. The mobility of the bridges ensures that the ends remain accessible for further processing by other repair factors . Binds DNA in a length-dependent manner. M6ATAR00557 Non-metastatic gene A protein (BAMBI) Non-metastatic gene A protein; Putative transmembrane protein NMA BAMBI_HUMAN hsa:25805 HGNC:30251 . ENSG00000095739 25805 BAMBI Protein coding 10p12.1 MDRHSSYIFIWLQLELCAMAVLLTKGEIRCYCDAAHCVATGYMCKSELSACFSRLLDPQNSNSPLTHGCLDSLASTTDICQAKQARNHSGTTIPTLECCHEDMCNYRGLHDVLSPPRGEASGQGNRYQHDGSRNLITKVQELTSSKELWFRAAVIAVPIAGGLILVLLIMLALRMLRSENKRLQDQRQQMLSRLHYSFHGHHSKKGQVAKLDLECMVPVSGHENCCLTCDKMRQADLSNDKILSLVHWGMYSGHGKLEFV BAMBI family Negatively regulates TGF-beta signaling. M6ATAR00786 Non-protein coding RNA 106 (LINC00106) OTTHUMG00000021061; CXYorf8; NCRNA00106; chromosome X and Y open reading frame 8; non-protein coding RNA 106 . . HGNC:31843 . ENSG00000236871 751580 LINC00106 LncRNA Xp22.33 and Yp11.32 . . . M6ATAR00348 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) NF-E2-related factor 2; NFE2-related factor 2; Nrf-2; HEBP1; Nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2; NRF2 NF2L2_HUMAN hsa:4780 HGNC:7782 . ENSG00000116044 4780 NFE2L2 Protein coding 2q31.2 MMDLELPPPGLPSQQDMDLIDILWRQDIDLGVSREVFDFSQRRKEYELEKQKKLEKERQEQLQKEQEKAFFAQLQLDEETGEFLPIQPAQHIQSETSGSANYSQVAHIPKSDALYFDDCMQLLAQTFPFVDDNEVSSATFQSLVPDIPGHIESPVFIATNQAQSPETSVAQVAPVDLDGMQQDIEQVWEELLSIPELQCLNIENDKLVETTMVPSPEAKLTEVDNYHFYSSIPSMEKEVGNCSPHFLNAFEDSFSSILSTEDPNQLTVNSLNSDATVNTDFGDEFYSAFIAEPSISNSMPSPATLSHSLSELLNGPIDVSDLSLCKAFNQNHPESTAEFNDSDSGISLNTSPSVASPEHSVESSSYGDTLLGLSDSEVEELDSAPGSVKQNGPKTPVHSSGDMVQPLSPSQGQSTHVHDAQCENTPEKELPVSPGHRKTPFTKDKHSSRLEAHLTRDELRAKALHIPFPVEKIINLPVVDFNEMMSKEQFNEAQLALIRDIRRRGKNKVAAQNCRKRKLENIVELEQDLDHLKDEKEKLLKEKGENDKSLHLLKKQLSTLYLEVFSMLRDEDGKPYSPSEYSLQQTRDGNVFLVPKSKKPDVKKN bZIP family; CNC subfamily Transcription factor that plays a key role in the response to oxidative stress: binds to antioxidant response (ARE) elements present in the promoter region of many cytoprotective genes, such as phase 2 detoxifying enzymes, and promotes their expression, thereby neutralizing reactive electrophiles. In normal conditions, ubiquitinated and degraded in the cytoplasm by the BCR(KEAP1) complex. In response to oxidative stress, electrophile metabolites inhibit activity of the BCR(KEAP1) complex, promoting nuclear accumulation of NFE2L2/NRF2, heterodimerization with one of the small Maf proteins and binding to ARE elements of cytoprotective target genes. The NFE2L2/NRF2 pathway is also activated in response to selective autophagy: autophagy promotes interaction between KEAP1 and SQSTM1/p62 and subsequent inactivation of the BCR(KEAP1) complex, leading to NFE2L2/NRF2 nuclear accumulation and expression of cytoprotective genes. May also be involved in the transcriptional activation of genes of the beta-globin cluster by mediating enhancer activity of hypersensitive site 2 of the beta-globin locus control region. Plays also an important role in the regulation of the innate immune response and antiviral cytosolic DNA sensing. It is a critical regulator of the innate immune response and survival during sepsis by maintaining redox homeostasis and restraint of the dysregulation of proinflammatory signaling pathways like MyD88-dependent and -independent and TNF-alpha signaling (By similarity). Suppresses macrophage inflammatory response by blocking proinflammatory cytokine transcription and the induction of IL6 (By similarity). Binds to the proximity of proinflammatory genes in macrophages and inhibits RNA Pol II recruitment. The inhibition is independent of the NRF2-binding motif and reactive oxygen species level (By similarity). Represses antiviral cytosolic DNA sensing by suppressing the expression of the adapter protein STING1 and decreasing responsiveness to STING1 agonists while increasing susceptibility to infection with DNA viruses. Once activated, limits the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection and to virus-derived ligands through a mechanism that involves inhibition of IRF3 dimerization. Also inhibits both SARS-CoV-2 replication, as well as the replication of several other pathogenic viruses including Herpes Simplex Virus-1 and-2, Vaccinia virus, and Zika virus through a type I interferon (IFN)-independent mechanism . M6ATAR00054 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (NF-Kappa-B/NFKB1) DNA-binding factor KBF1; EBP-1; Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 NFKB1_HUMAN hsa:4790 HGNC:7794 . ENSG00000109320 4790 NFKB1 Protein coding 4q24 MAEDDPYLGRPEQMFHLDPSLTHTIFNPEVFQPQMALPTDGPYLQILEQPKQRGFRFRYVCEGPSHGGLPGASSEKNKKSYPQVKICNYVGPAKVIVQLVTNGKNIHLHAHSLVGKHCEDGICTVTAGPKDMVVGFANLGILHVTKKKVFETLEARMTEACIRGYNPGLLVHPDLAYLQAEGGGDRQLGDREKELIRQAALQQTKEMDLSVVRLMFTAFLPDSTGSFTRRLEPVVSDAIYDSKAPNASNLKIVRMDRTAGCVTGGEEIYLLCDKVQKDDIQIRFYEEEENGGVWEGFGDFSPTDVHRQFAIVFKTPKYKDINITKPASVFVQLRRKSDLETSEPKPFLYYPEIKDKEEVQRKRQKLMPNFSDSFGGGSGAGAGGGGMFGSGGGGGGTGSTGPGYSFPHYGFPTYGGITFHPGTTKSNAGMKHGTMDTESKKDPEGCDKSDDKNTVNLFGKVIETTEQDQEPSEATVGNGEVTLTYATGTKEESAGVQDNLFLEKAMQLAKRHANALFDYAVTGDVKMLLAVQRHLTAVQDENGDSVLHLAIIHLHSQLVRDLLEVTSGLISDDIINMRNDLYQTPLHLAVITKQEDVVEDLLRAGADLSLLDRLGNSVLHLAAKEGHDKVLSILLKHKKAALLLDHPNGDGLNAIHLAMMSNSLPCLLLLVAAGADVNAQEQKSGRTALHLAVEHDNISLAGCLLLEGDAHVDSTTYDGTTPLHIAAGRGSTRLAALLKAAGADPLVENFEPLYDLDDSWENAGEDEGVVPGTTPLDMATSWQVFDILNGKPYEPEFTSDDLLAQGDMKQLAEDVKLQLYKLLEIPDPDKNWATLAQKLGLGILNNAFRLSPAPSKTLMDNYEVSGGTVRELVEALRQMGYTEAIEVIQAASSPVKTTSQAHSLPLSPASTRQQIDELRDSDSVCDSGVETSFRKLSFTESLTSGASLLTLNKMPHDYGQEGPLEGKI . NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52 and the heterodimeric p65-p50 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. NF-kappa-B is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NF-kappa-B complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NF-kappa-B inhibitor (I-kappa-B) family. In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. NF-kappa-B heterodimeric p65-p50 and RelB-p50 complexes are transcriptional activators. The NF-kappa-B p50-p50 homodimer is a transcriptional repressor, but can act as a transcriptional activator when associated with BCL3. NFKB1 appears to have dual functions such as cytoplasmic retention of attached NF-kappa-B proteins by p105 and generation of p50 by a cotranslational processing. The proteasome-mediated process ensures the production of both p50 and p105 and preserves their independent function, although processing of NFKB1/p105 also appears to occur post-translationally. p50 binds to the kappa-B consensus sequence 5'-GGRNNYYCC-3', located in the enhancer region of genes involved in immune response and acute phase reactions. In a complex with MAP3K8, NFKB1/p105 represses MAP3K8-induced MAPK signaling; active MAP3K8 is released by proteasome-dependent degradation of NFKB1/p105. M6ATAR00140 Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) NEAT1; NCRNA00084; non-protein coding RNA 84; nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (non-protein coding); TncRNA; MENepsilon/beta; LINC00084; VINC; trophoblast derived non-protein coding RNA; nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 84; virus inducible non-coding RNA . . HGNC:30815 . ENSG00000245532 283131 NEAT1 LncRNA 11q13.1 . MicroRNA non-coding host genes; Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00352 Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 1 (TLX/NR2E1) Nuclear receptor TLX; Protein tailless homolog; Tll; hTll; TLX NR2E1_HUMAN hsa:7101 HGNC:7973 . ENSG00000112333 7101 NR2E1 Protein coding 6q21 MSKPAGSTSRILDIPCKVCGDRSSGKHYGVYACDGCSGFFKRSIRRNRTYVCKSGNQGGCPVDKTHRNQCRACRLKKCLEVNMNKDAVQHERGPRTSTIRKQVALYFRGHKEENGAAAHFPSAALPAPAFFTAVTQLEPHGLELAAVSTTPERQTLVSLAQPTPKYPHEVNGTPMYLYEVATESVCESAARLLFMSIKWAKSVPAFSTLSLQDQLMLLEDAWRELFVLGIAQWAIPVDANTLLAVSGMNGDNTDSQKLNKIISEIQALQEVVARFRQLRLDATEFACLKCIVTFKAVPTHSGSELRSFRNAAAIAALQDEAQLTLNSYIHTRYPTQPCRFGKLLLLLPALRSISPSTIEEVFFKKTIGNVPITRLLSDMYKSSDI nuclear hormone receptor family; NR2 subfamily Orphan receptor that binds DNA as a monomer to hormone response elements (HRE) containing an extended core motif half-site sequence 5'-AAGGTCA-3' in which the 5' flanking nucleotides participate in determining receptor specificity (By similarity). May be required to pattern anterior brain differentiation. Involved in the regulation of retinal development and essential for vision. During retinogenesis, regulates PTEN-Cyclin D expression via binding to the promoter region of PTEN and suppressing its activity (By similarity). May be involved in retinoic acid receptor (RAR) regulation in retinal cells. M6ATAR00604 Nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) Nuclear factor RIP140; Receptor-interacting protein 140 NRIP1_HUMAN hsa:8204 HGNC:8001 . ENSG00000180530 8204 NRIP1 Protein coding 21q11.2-q21.1 MTHGEELGSDVHQDSIVLTYLEGLLMHQAAGGSGTAVDKKSAGHNEEDQNFNISGSAFPTCQSNGPVLNTHTYQGSGMLHLKKARLLQSSEDWNAAKRKRLSDSIMNLNVKKEALLAGMVDSVPKGKQDSTLLASLLQSFSSRLQTVALSQQIRQSLKEQGYALSHDSLKVEKDLRCYGVASSHLKTLLKKSKVKDQKPDTNLPDVTKNLIRDRFAESPHHVGQSGTKVMSEPLSCAARLQAVASMVEKRASPATSPKPSVACSQLALLLSSEAHLQQYSREHALKTQNANQAASERLAAMARLQENGQKDVGSYQLPKGMSSHLNGQARTSSSKLMASKSSATVFQNPMGIIPSSPKNAGYKNSLERNNIKQAANNSLLLHLLKSQTIPKPMNGHSHSERGSIFEESSTPTTIDEYSDNNPSFTDDSSGDESSYSNCVPIDLSCKHRTEKSESDQPVSLDNFTQSLLNTWDPKVPDVDIKEDQDTSKNSKLNSHQKVTLLQLLLGHKNEENVEKNTSPQGVHNDVSKFNTQNYARTSVIESPSTNRTTPVSTPPLLTSSKAGSPINLSQHSLVIKWNSPPYVCSTQSEKLTNTASNHSMDLTKSKDPPGEKPAQNEGAQNSATFSASKLLQNLAQCGMQSSMSVEEQRPSKQLLTGNTDKPIGMIDRLNSPLLSNKTNAVEENKAFSSQPTGPEPGLSGSEIENLLERRTVLQLLLGNPNKGKSEKKEKTPLRDESTQEHSERALSEQILMVKIKSEPCDDLQIPNTNVHLSHDAKSAPFLGMAPAVQRSAPALPVSEDFKSEPVSPQDFSFSKNGLLSRLLRQNQDSYLADDSDRSHRNNEMALLESKNLCMVPKKRKLYTEPLENPFKKMKNNIVDAANNHSAPEVLYGSLLNQEELKFSRNDLEFKYPAGHGSASESEHRSWARESKSFNVLKQLLLSENCVRDLSPHRSNSVADSKKKGHKNNVTNSKPEFSISSLNGLMYSSTQPSSCMDNRTFSYPGVVKTPVSPTFPEHLGCAGSRPESGLLNGCSMPSEKGPIKWVITDAEKNEYEKDSPRLTKTNPILYYMLQKGGNSVTSRETQDKDIWREASSAESVSQVTAKEELLPTAETKASFFNLRSPYNSHMGNNASRPHSANGEVYGLLGSVLTIKKESE . Modulates transcriptional activation by steroid receptors such as NR3C1, NR3C2 and ESR1. Also modulates transcriptional repression by nuclear hormone receptors. Positive regulator of the circadian clock gene expression: stimulates transcription of ARNTL/BMAL1, CLOCK and CRY1 by acting as a coactivator for RORA and RORC. Involved in the regulation of ovarian function (By similarity). Plays a role in renal development. M6ATAR00490 Nucleobindin-1 (NUCB1) . NUCB1_HUMAN hsa:4924 HGNC:8043 . ENSG00000104805 4924 NUCB1 Protein coding 19q13.33 MPPSGPRGTLLLLPLLLLLLLRAVLAVPLERGAPNKEETPATESPDTGLYYHRYLQEVIDVLETDGHFREKLQAANAEDIKSGKLSRELDFVSHHVRTKLDELKRQEVSRLRMLLKAKMDAEQDPNVQVDHLNLLKQFEHLDPQNQHTFEARDLELLIQTATRDLAQYDAAHHEEFKRYEMLKEHERRRYLESLGEEQRKEAERKLEEQQRRHREHPKVNVPGSQAQLKEVWEELDGLDPNRFNPKTFFILHDINSDGVLDEQELEALFTKELEKVYDPKNEEDDMREMEEERLRMREHVMKNVDTNQDRLVTLEEFLASTQRKEFGDTGEGWETVEMHPAYTEEELRRFEEELAAREAELNAKAQRLSQETEALGRSQGRLEAQKRELQQAVLHMEQRKQQQQQQQGHKAPAAHPEGQLKFHPDTDDVPVPAPAGDQKEVDTSEKKLLERLPEVEVPQHL Nucleobindin family Major calcium-binding protein of the Golgi which may have a role in calcium homeostasis (By similarity). Acts as a non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor which binds to and activates alpha subunits of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) (By similarity). M6ATAR00606 Nucleolar protein 3 (ARC) Apoptosis repressor with CARD; Muscle-enriched cytoplasmic protein; Myp; Nucleolar protein of 30 kDa; Nop30 NOL3_HUMAN hsa:8996 HGNC:7869 . ENSG00000140939 8996 ARC Protein coding 16q22.1 MGNAQERPSETIDRERKRLVETLQADSGLLLDALLARGVLTGPEYEALDALPDAERRVRRLLLLVQGKGEAACQELLRCAQRTAGAPDPAWDWQHVGPGYRDRSYDPPCPGHWTPEAPGSGTTCPGLPRASDPDEAGGPEGSEAVQSGTPEEPEPELEAEASKEAEPEPEPEPELEPEAEAEPEPELEPEPDPEPEPDFEERDESEDS . May be involved in RNA splicing; Functions as an apoptosis repressor that blocks multiple modes of cell death. Inhibits extrinsic apoptotic pathways through two different ways. Firstly by interacting with FAS and FADD upon FAS activation blocking death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) assembly (By similarity). Secondly by interacting with CASP8 in a mitochondria localization- and phosphorylation-dependent manner, limiting the amount of soluble CASP8 available for DISC-mediated activation (By similarity). Inhibits intrinsic apoptotic pathway in response to a wide range of stresses, through its interaction with BAX resulting in BAX inactivation, preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and release of pro-apoptotic factors. Inhibits calcium-mediated cell death by functioning as a cytosolic calcium buffer, dissociating its interaction with CASP8 and maintaining calcium homeostasis. Negatively regulates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by phosphorylation-dependent suppression of the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway, by blocking CASP2 activation and BAX translocation (By similarity). Negatively regulates hypoxia-induced apoptosis in part by inhibiting the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria in a caspase-independent manner (By similarity). Also inhibits TNF-induced necrosis by preventing TNF-signaling pathway through TNFRSF1A interaction abrogating the recruitment of RIPK1 to complex I (By similarity). Finally through its role as apoptosis repressor, promotes vascular remodeling through inhibition of apoptosis and stimulation of proliferation, in response to hypoxia (By similarity). Inhibits too myoblast differentiation through caspase inhibition (By similarity). M6ATAR00572 Nucleophosmin (NPM1) NPM; Nucleolar phosphoprotein B23; Nucleolar protein NO38; Numatrin NPM_HUMAN hsa:4869 HGNC:7910 . ENSG00000181163 4869 NPM1 Protein coding 5q35.1 MEDSMDMDMSPLRPQNYLFGCELKADKDYHFKVDNDENEHQLSLRTVSLGAGAKDELHIVEAEAMNYEGSPIKVTLATLKMSVQPTVSLGGFEITPPVVLRLKCGSGPVHISGQHLVAVEEDAESEDEEEEDVKLLSISGKRSAPGGGSKVPQKKVKLAADEDDDDDDEEDDDEDDDDDDFDDEEAEEKAPVKKSIRDTPAKNAQKSNQNGKDSKPSSTPRSKGQESFKKQEKTPKTPKGPSSVEDIKAKMQASIEKGGSLPKVEAKFINYVKNCFRMTDQEAIQDLWQWRKSL Nucleoplasmin family Involved in diverse cellular processes such as ribosome biogenesis, centrosome duplication, protein chaperoning, histone assembly, cell proliferation, and regulation of tumor suppressors p53/TP53 and ARF. Binds ribosome presumably to drive ribosome nuclear export. Associated with nucleolar ribonucleoprotein structures and bind single-stranded nucleic acids. Acts as a chaperonin for the core histones H3, H2B and H4. Stimulates APEX1 endonuclease activity on apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) double-stranded DNA but inhibits APEX1 endonuclease activity on AP single-stranded RNA. May exert a control of APEX1 endonuclease activity within nucleoli devoted to repair AP on rDNA and the removal of oxidized rRNA molecules. In concert with BRCA2, regulates centrosome duplication. Regulates centriole duplication: phosphorylation by PLK2 is able to trigger centriole replication. Negatively regulates the activation of EIF2AK2/PKR and suppresses apoptosis through inhibition of EIF2AK2/PKR autophosphorylation. Antagonizes the inhibitory effect of ATF5 on cell proliferation and relieves ATF5-induced G2/M blockade. In complex with MYC enhances the transcription of MYC target genes. M6ATAR00541 Nucleosome-remodeling factor subunit BPTF (BPTF) Bromodomain and PHD finger-containing transcription factor; Fetal Alz-50 clone 1 protein; Fetal Alzheimer antigen BPTF_HUMAN hsa:2186 HGNC:3581 . ENSG00000171634 2186 BPTF Protein coding 17q24.2 MRGRRGRPPKQPAAPAAERCAPAPPPPPPPPTSGPIGGLRSRHRGSSRGRWAAAQAEVAPKTRLSSPRGGSSSRRKPPPPPPAPPSTSAPGRGGRGGGGGRTGGGGGGGHLARTTAARRAVNKVVYDDHESEEEEEEEDMVSEEEEEEDGDAEETQDSEDDEEDEMEEDDDDSDYPEEMEDDDDDASYCTESSFRSHSTYSSTPGRRKPRVHRPRSPILEEKDIPPLEFPKSSEDLMVPNEHIMNVIAIYEVLRNFGTVLRLSPFRFEDFCAALVSQEQCTLMAEMHVVLLKAVLREEDTSNTTFGPADLKDSVNSTLYFIDGMTWPEVLRVYCESDKEYHHVLPYQEAEDYPYGPVENKIKVLQFLVDQFLTTNIAREELMSEGVIQYDDHCRVCHKLGDLLCCETCSAVYHLECVKPPLEEVPEDEWQCEVCVAHKVPGVTDCVAEIQKNKPYIRHEPIGYDRSRRKYWFLNRRLIIEEDTENENEKKIWYYSTKVQLAELIDCLDKDYWEAELCKILEEMREEIHRHMDITEDLTNKARGSNKSFLAAANEEILESIRAKKGDIDNVKSPEETEKDKNETENDSKDAEKNREEFEDQSLEKDSDDKTPDDDPEQGKSEEPTEVGDKGNSVSANLGDNTTNATSEETSPSEGRSPVGCLSETPDSSNMAEKKVASELPQDVPEEPNKTCESSNTSATTTSIQPNLENSNSSSELNSSQSESAKAADDPENGERESHTPVSIQEEIVGDFKSEKSNGELSESPGAGKGASGSTRIITRLRNPDSKLSQLKSQQVAAAAHEANKLFKEGKEVLVVNSQGEISRLSTKKEVIMKGNINNYFKLGQEGKYRVYHNQYSTNSFALNKHQHREDHDKRRHLAHKFCLTPAGEFKWNGSVHGSKVLTISTLRLTITQLENNIPSSFLHPNWASHRANWIKAVQMCSKPREFALALAILECAVKPVVMLPIWRESLGHTRLHRMTSIEREEKEKVKKKEKKQEEEETMQQATWVKYTFPVKHQVWKQKGEEYRVTGYGGWSWISKTHVYRFVPKLPGNTNVNYRKSLEGTKNNMDENMDESDKRKCSRSPKKIKIEPDSEKDEVKGSDAAKGADQNEMDISKITEKKDQDVKELLDSDSDKPCKEEPMEVDDDMKTESHVNCQESSQVDVVNVSEGFHLRTSYKKKTKSSKLDGLLERRIKQFTLEEKQRLEKIKLEGGIKGIGKTSTNSSKNLSESPVITKAKEGCQSDSMRQEQSPNANNDQPEDLIQGCSESDSSVLRMSDPSHTTNKLYPKDRVLDDVSIRSPETKCPKQNSIENDIEEKVSDLASRGQEPSKSKTKGNDFFIDDSKLASADDIGTLICKNKKPLIQEESDTIVSSSKSALHSSVPKSTNDRDATPLSRAMDFEGKLGCDSESNSTLENSSDTVSIQDSSEEDMIVQNSNESISEQFRTREQDVEVLEPLKCELVSGESTGNCEDRLPVKGTEANGKKPSQQKKLEERPVNKCSDQIKLKNTTDKKNNENRESEKKGQRTSTFQINGKDNKPKIYLKGECLKEISESRVVSGNVEPKVNNINKIIPENDIKSLTVKESAIRPFINGDVIMEDFNERNSSETKSHLLSSSDAEGNYRDSLETLPSTKESDSTQTTTPSASCPESNSVNQVEDMEIETSEVKKVTSSPITSEEESNLSNDFIDENGLPINKNENVNGESKRKTVITEVTTMTSTVATESKTVIKVEKGDKQTVVSSTENCAKSTVTTTTTTVTKLSTPSTGGSVDIISVKEQSKTVVTTTVTDSLTTTGGTLVTSMTVSKEYSTRDKVKLMKFSRPKKTRSGTALPSYRKFVTKSSKKSIFVLPNDDLKKLARKGGIREVPYFNYNAKPALDIWPYPSPRPTFGITWRYRLQTVKSLAGVSLMLRLLWASLRWDDMAAKAPPGGGTTRTETSETEITTTEIIKRRDVGPYGIRSEYCIRKIICPIGVPETPKETPTPQRKGLRSSALRPKRPETPKQTGPVIIETWVAEEELELWEIRAFAERVEKEKAQAVEQQAKKRLEQQKPTVIATSTTSPTSSTTSTISPAQKVMVAPISGSVTTGTKMVLTTKVGSPATVTFQQNKNFHQTFATWVKQGQSNSGVVQVQQKVLGIIPSSTGTSQQTFTSFQPRTATVTIRPNTSGSGGTTSNSQVITGPQIRPGMTVIRTPLQQSTLGKAIIRTPVMVQPGAPQQVMTQIIRGQPVSTAVSAPNTVSSTPGQKSLTSATSTSNIQSSASQPPRPQQGQVKLTMAQLTQLTQGHGGNQGLTVVIQGQGQTTGQLQLIPQGVTVLPGPGQQLMQAAMPNGTVQRFLFTPLATTATTASTTTTTVSTTAAGTGEQRQSKLSPQMQVHQDKTLPPAQSSSVGPAEAQPQTAQPSAQPQPQTQPQSPAQPEVQTQPEVQTQTTVSSHVPSEAQPTHAQSSKPQVAAQSQPQSNVQGQSPVRVQSPSQTRIRPSTPSQLSPGQQSQVQTTTSQPIPIQPHTSLQIPSQGQPQSQPQVQSSTQTLSSGQTLNQVTVSSPSRPQLQIQQPQPQVIAVPQLQQQVQVLSQIQSQVVAQIQAQQSGVPQQIKLQLPIQIQQSSAVQTHQIQNVVTVQAASVQEQLQRVQQLRDQQQKKKQQQIEIKREHTLQASNQSEIIQKQVVMKHNAVIEHLKQKKSMTPAEREENQRMIVCNQVMKYILDKIDKEEKQAAKKRKREESVEQKRSKQNATKLSALLFKHKEQLRAEILKKRALLDKDLQIEVQEELKRDLKIKKEKDLMQLAQATAVAAPCPPVTPAPPAPPAPPPSPPPPPAVQHTGLLSTPTLPAASQKRKREEEKDSSSKSKKKKMISTTSKETKKDTKLYCICKTPYDESKFYIGCDRCQNWYHGRCVGILQSEAELIDEYVCPQCQSTEDAMTVLTPLTEKDYEGLKRVLRSLQAHKMAWPFLEPVDPNDAPDYYGVIKEPMDLATMEERVQRRYYEKLTEFVADMTKIFDNCRYYNPSDSPFYQCAEVLESFFVQKLKGFKASRSHNNKLQSTAS PBTF family Regulatory subunit of the ATP-dependent NURF-1 and NURF-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complexes, which form ordered nucleosome arrays on chromatin and facilitate access to DNA during DNA-templated processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and repair. The NURF-1 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex has a lower ATP hydrolysis rate than the NURF-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex . Within the NURF-1 ISWI chromatin-remodeling complex, binds to the promoters of En1 and En2 to positively regulate their expression and promote brain development. Histone-binding protein which binds to H3 tails trimethylated on 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3), which mark transcription start sites of active genes. Binds to histone H3 tails dimethylated on 'Lys-4' (H3K4Me2) to a lesser extent. May also regulate transcription through direct binding to DNA or transcription factors. M6ATAR00354 Obg-like ATPase 1 (OLA1) DNA damage-regulated overexpressed in cancer 45; DOC45; GTP-binding protein 9; GTPBP9; PRO2455; PTD004 OLA1_HUMAN hsa:29789 HGNC:28833 . ENSG00000138430 29789 OLA1 Protein coding 2q31.1 MPPKKGGDGIKPPPIIGRFGTSLKIGIVGLPNVGKSTFFNVLTNSQASAENFPFCTIDPNESRVPVPDERFDFLCQYHKPASKIPAFLNVVDIAGLVKGAHNGQGLGNAFLSHISACDGIFHLTRAFEDDDITHVEGSVDPIRDIEIIHEELQLKDEEMIGPIIDKLEKVAVRGGDKKLKPEYDIMCKVKSWVIDQKKPVRFYHDWNDKEIEVLNKHLFLTSKPMVYLVNLSEKDYIRKKNKWLIKIKEWVDKYDPGALVIPFSGALELKLQELSAEERQKYLEANMTQSALPKIIKAGFAALQLEYFFTAGPDEVRAWTIRKGTKAPQAAGKIHTDFEKGFIMAEVMKYEDFKEEGSENAVKAAGKYRQQGRNYIVEDGDIIFFKFNTPQQPKKK TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily; OBG GTPase family; YchF/OLA1 subfamily Hydrolyzes ATP, and can also hydrolyze GTP with lower efficiency. Has lower affinity for GTP. M6ATAR00355 Oxidative stress-induced growth inhibitor 1 (OSGIN1) Bone marrow stromal cell-derived growth inhibitor; BMSC-derived growth inhibitor; Ovary, kidney and liver protein 38; huOKL38; Pregnancy-induced growth inhibitor OKL38; BDGI; OKL38 OSGI1_HUMAN hsa:29948 HGNC:30093 . ENSG00000140961 29948 OSGIN1 Protein coding 16q23.3 MSSSRKDHLGASSSEPLPVIIVGNGPSGICLSYLLSGYTPYTKPDAIHPHPLLQRKLTEAPGVSILDQDLDYLSEGLEGRSQSPVALLFDALLRPDTDFGGNMKSVLTWKHRKEHAIPHVVLGRNLPGGAWHSIEGSMVILSQGQWMGLPDLEVKDWMQKKRRGLRNSRATAGDIAHYYRDYVVKKGLGHNFVSGAVVTAVEWGTPDPSSCGAQDSSPLFQVSGFLTRNQAQQPFSLWARNVVLATGTFDSPARLGIPGEALPFIHHELSALEAATRVGAVTPASDPVLIIGAGLSAADAVLYARHYNIPVIHAFRRAVDDPGLVFNQLPKMLYPEYHKVHQMMREQSILSPSPYEGYRSLPRHQLLCFKEDCQAVFQDLEGVEKVFGVSLVLVLIGSHPDLSFLPGAGADFAVDPDQPLSAKRNPIDVDPFTYQSTRQEGLYAMGPLAGDNFVRFVQGGALAVASSLLRKETRKPP OKL38 family Regulates the differentiation and proliferation through the regulation of cell death. M6ATAR00503 Oxysterols receptor LXR-alpha (LXRA) Liver X receptor alpha; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3 NR1H3_HUMAN hsa:10062 HGNC:7966 . ENSG00000025434 10062 LXRA Protein coding 11p11.2 MSLWLGAPVPDIPPDSAVELWKPGAQDASSQAQGGSSCILREEARMPHSAGGTAGVGLEAAEPTALLTRAEPPSEPTEIRPQKRKKGPAPKMLGNELCSVCGDKASGFHYNVLSCEGCKGFFRRSVIKGAHYICHSGGHCPMDTYMRRKCQECRLRKCRQAGMREECVLSEEQIRLKKLKRQEEEQAHATSLPPRASSPPQILPQLSPEQLGMIEKLVAAQQQCNRRSFSDRLRVTPWPMAPDPHSREARQQRFAHFTELAIVSVQEIVDFAKQLPGFLQLSREDQIALLKTSAIEVMLLETSRRYNPGSESITFLKDFSYNREDFAKAGLQVEFINPIFEFSRAMNELQLNDAEFALLIAISIFSADRPNVQDQLQVERLQHTYVEALHAYVSIHHPHDRLMFPRMLMKLVSLRTLSSVHSEQVFALRLQDKKLPPLLSEIWDVHE Nuclear hormone receptor family, NR1 subfamily Nuclear receptor that exhibits a ligand-dependent transcriptional activation activity. Interaction with retinoic acid receptor (RXR) shifts RXR from its role as a silent DNA-binding partner to an active ligand-binding subunit in mediating retinoid responses through target genes defined by LXRES (By similarity). LXRES are DR4-type response elements characterized by direct repeats of two similar hexanuclotide half-sites spaced by four nucleotides (By similarity). Plays an important role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, regulating cholesterol uptake through MYLIP-dependent ubiquitination of LDLR, VLDLR and LRP8. Interplays functionally with RORA for the regulation of genes involved in liver metabolism (By similarity). Induces LPCAT3-dependent phospholipid remodeling in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes of hepatocytes, driving SREBF1 processing and lipogenesis (By similarity). Via LPCAT3, triggers the incorporation of arachidonate into phosphatidylcholines of ER membranes, increasing membrane dynamics and enabling triacylglycerols transfer to nascent very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles. Via LPCAT3 also counteracts lipid-induced ER stress response and inflammation, likely by modulating SRC kinase membrane compartmentalization and limiting the synthesis of lipid inflammatory mediators (By similarity). M6ATAR00549 P2X purinoceptor 6 (P2RX6) P2X6; ATP receptor; P2XM; Purinergic receptor; Purinergic receptor P2X-like 1 P2RX6_HUMAN hsa:9127 HGNC:8538 . ENSG00000099957 9127 P2RX6 Protein coding 22q11.21 MCPQLAGAGSMGSPGATTGWGLLDYKTEKYVMTRNWRVGALQRLLQFGIVVYVVGWALLAKKGYQERDLEPQFSIITKLKGVSVTQIKELGNRLWDVADFVKPPQGENVFFLVTNFLVTPAQVQGRCPEHPSVPLANCWVDEDCPEGEGGTHSHGVKTGQCVVFNGTHRTCEIWSWCPVESGVVPSRPLLAQAQNFTLFIKNTVTFSKFNFSKSNALETWDPTYFKHCRYEPQFSPYCPVFRIGDLVAKAGGTFEDLALLGGSVGIRVHWDCDLDTGDSGCWPHYSFQLQEKSYNFRTATHWWEQPGVEARTLLKLYGIRFDILVTGQAGKFGLIPTAVTLGTGAAWLGVVTFFCDLLLLYVDREAHFYWRTKYEEAKAPKATANSVWRELALASQARLAECLRRSSAPAPTATAAGSQTQTPGWPCPSSDTHLPTHSGSL P2X receptor family Receptor for ATP that acts as a ligand-gated ion channel. M6ATAR00646 p53 apoptosis effector related to PMP-22 (PERP) Keratinocyte-associated protein 1; KCP-1; P53-induced protein PIGPC1; Transmembrane protein THW PERP_HUMAN hsa:64065 HGNC:17637 . ENSG00000112378 64065 PERP Protein coding 6q23.3 MIRCGLACERCRWILPLLLLSAIAFDIIALAGRGWLQSSDHGQTSSLWWKCSQEGGGSGSYEEGCQSLMEYAWGRAAAAMLFCGFIILVICFILSFFALCGPQMLVFLRVIGGLLALAAVFQIISLVIYPVKYTQTFTLHANPAVTYIYNWAYGFGWAATIILIGCAFFFCCLPNYEDDLLGNAKPRYFYTSA TMEM47 family Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Plays a role in stratified epithelial integrity and cell-cell adhesion by promoting desmosome assembly; FUNCTION: Plays a role as an effector in the TP53-dependent apoptotic pathway. M6ATAR00535 P5C reductase 1 (PYCR1) P5C reductase 1; P5CR 1 P5CR1_HUMAN hsa:5831 HGNC:9721 . ENSG00000183010 5831 PYCR1 Protein coding 17q25.3 MSVGFIGAGQLAFALAKGFTAAGVLAAHKIMASSPDMDLATVSALRKMGVKLTPHNKETVQHSDVLFLAVKPHIIPFILDEIGADIEDRHIVVSCAAGVTISSIEKKLSAFRPAPRVIRCMTNTPVVVREGATVYATGTHAQVEDGRLMEQLLSSVGFCTEVEEDLIDAVTGLSGSGPAYAFTALDALADGGVKMGLPRRLAVRLGAQALLGAAKMLLHSEQHPGQLKDNVSSPGGATIHALHVLESGGFRSLLINAVEASCIRTRELQSMADQEQVSPAAIKKTILDKVKLDSPAGTALSPSGHTKLLPRSLAPAGKD Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family Housekeeping enzyme that catalyzes the last step in proline biosynthesis. Can utilize both NAD and NADP, but has higher affinity for NAD. Involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress. M6ATAR00580 Paired mesoderm homeobox protein 1 (PRRX1) Homeobox protein PHOX1; Paired-related homeobox protein 1; PRX-1 PRRX1_HUMAN hsa:5396 HGNC:9142 . ENSG00000116132 5396 PRRX1 Protein coding 1q24.2 MTSSYGHVLERQPALGGRLDSPGNLDTLQAKKNFSVSHLLDLEEAGDMVAAQADENVGEAGRSLLESPGLTSGSDTPQQDNDQLNSEEKKKRKQRRNRTTFNSSQLQALERVFERTHYPDAFVREDLARRVNLTEARVQVWFQNRRAKFRRNERAMLANKNASLLKSYSGDVTAVEQPIVPRPAPRPTDYLSWGTASPYSAMATYSATCANNSPAQGINMANSIANLRLKAKEYSLQRNQVPTVN Paired homeobox family Acts as a transcriptional regulator of muscle creatine kinase (MCK) and so has a role in the establishment of diverse mesodermal muscle types. The protein binds to an A/T-rich element in the muscle creatine enhancer (By similarity).. M6ATAR00547 Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 (Pdx1) PDX-1; Glucose-sensitive factor; GSF; Insulin promoter factor 1; IPF-1; Insulin upstream factor 1; IUF-1; Islet/duodenum homeobox-1; IDX-1; Somatostatin-transactivating factor 1; STF-1 PDX1_HUMAN hsa:3651 HGNC:6107 . ENSG00000139515 3651 Pdx1 Protein coding 13q12.2 MNGEEQYYAATQLYKDPCAFQRGPAPEFSASPPACLYMGRQPPPPPPHPFPGALGALEQGSPPDISPYEVPPLADDPAVAHLHHHLPAQLALPHPPAGPFPEGAEPGVLEEPNRVQLPFPWMKSTKAHAWKGQWAGGAYAAEPEENKRTRTAYTRAQLLELEKEFLFNKYISRPRRVELAVMLNLTERHIKIWFQNRRMKWKKEEDKKRGGGTAVGGGGVAEPEQDCAVTSGEELLALPPPPPPGGAVPPAAPVAAREGRLPPGLSASPQPSSVAPRRPQEPR Antp homeobox family, IPF1/XlHbox-8 subfamily Activates insulin, somatostatin, glucokinase, islet amyloid polypeptide and glucose transporter type 2 gene transcription. Particularly involved in glucose-dependent regulation of insulin gene transcription. As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex in pancreatic acinar cells is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element. Binds preferentially the DNA motif 5'-[CT]TAAT[TG]-3'. During development, specifies the early pancreatic epithelium, permitting its proliferation, branching and subsequent differentiation. At adult stage, required for maintaining the hormone-producing phenotype of the beta-cell. M6ATAR00376 Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R) PTH/PTHrP type I receptor; PTH/PTHr receptor; Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor; PTH1 receptor; PTHR; PTHR1 PTH1R_HUMAN hsa:5745 HGNC:9608 . ENSG00000160801 5745 PTH1R Protein coding 3p21.31 MGTARIAPGLALLLCCPVLSSAYALVDADDVMTKEEQIFLLHRAQAQCEKRLKEVLQRPASIMESDKGWTSASTSGKPRKDKASGKLYPESEEDKEAPTGSRYRGRPCLPEWDHILCWPLGAPGEVVAVPCPDYIYDFNHKGHAYRRCDRNGSWELVPGHNRTWANYSECVKFLTNETREREVFDRLGMIYTVGYSVSLASLTVAVLILAYFRRLHCTRNYIHMHLFLSFMLRAVSIFVKDAVLYSGATLDEAERLTEEELRAIAQAPPPPATAAAGYAGCRVAVTFFLYFLATNYYWILVEGLYLHSLIFMAFFSEKKYLWGFTVFGWGLPAVFVAVWVSVRATLANTGCWDLSSGNKKWIIQVPILASIVLNFILFINIVRVLATKLRETNAGRCDTRQQYRKLLKSTLVLMPLFGVHYIVFMATPYTEVSGTLWQVQMHYEMLFNSFQGFFVAIIYCFCNGEVQAEIKKSWSRWTLALDFKRKARSGSSSYSYGPMVSHTSVTNVGPRVGLGLPLSPRLLPTATTNGHPQLPGHAKPGTPALETLETTPPAMAAPKDDGFLNGSCSGLDEEASGPERPPALLQEEWETVM G-protein coupled receptor 2 family Receptor for parathyroid hormone and for parathyroid hormone-related peptide. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and also a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. M6ATAR00363 Paternally-expressed gene 3 protein (PEG3) Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing protein 24; KIAA0287; ZSCAN24 PEG3_HUMAN hsa:5178 HGNC:8826 . ENSG00000198300 5178 PEG3 Protein coding 19q13.43 MLPPKHLSATKPKKSWAPNLYELDSDLTKEPDVIIGEGPTDSEFFHQRFRNLIYVEFVGPRKTLIKLRNLCLDWLQPETRTKEEIIELLVLEQYLTIIPEKLKPWVRAKKPENCEKLVTLLENYKEMYQPEDDNNSDVTSDDDMTRNRRESSPPHSVHSFSDRDWDRRGRSRDMEPRDRWSHTRNPRSRMPPRDLSLPVVAKTSFEMDREDDRDSRAYESRSQDAESYQNVVDLAEDRKPHNTIQDNMENYRKLLSLVQLAEDDGHSHMTQGHSSRSKRSAYPSTSRGLKTMPEAKKSTHRRGICEDESSHGVIMEKFIKDVSRSSKSGRARESSDRSQRFPRMSDDNWKDISLNKRESVIQQRVYEGNAFRGGFRFNSTLVSRKRVLERKRRYHFDTDGKGSIHDQKGCPRKKPFECGSEMRKAMSVSSLSSLSSPSFTESQPIDFGAMPYVCDECGRSFSVISEFVEHQIMHTRENLYEYGESFIHSVAVSEVQKSQVGGKRFECKDCGETFNKSAALAEHRKIHARGYLVECKNQECEEAFMPSPTFSELQKIYGKDKFYECRVCKETFLHSSALIEHQKIHFGDDKDNEREHERERERERGETFRPSPALNEFQKMYGKEKMYECKVCGETFLHSSSLKEHQKIHTRGNPFENKGKVCEETFIPGQSLKRRQKTYNKEKLCDFTDGRDAFMQSSELSEHQKIHSRKNLFEGRGYEKSVIHSGPFTESQKSHTITRPLESDEDEKAFTISSNPYENQKIPTKENVYEAKSYERSVIHSLASVEAQKSHSVAGPSKPKVMAESTIQSFDAINHQRVRAGGNTSEGREYSRSVIHSLVASKPPRSHNGNELVESNEKGESSIYISDLNDKRQKIPARENPCEGGSKNRNYEDSVIQSVFRAKPQKSVPGEGSGEFKKDGEFSVPSSNVREYQKARAKKKYIEHRSNETSVIHSLPFGEQTFRPRGMLYECQECGECFAHSSDLTEHQKIHDREKPSGSRNYEWSVIRSLAPTDPQTSYAQEQYAKEQARNKCKDFRQFFATSEDLNTNQKIYDQEKSHGEESQGENTDGEETHSEETHGQETIEDPVIQGSDMEDPQKDDPDDKIYECEDCGLGFVDLTDLTDHQKVHSRKCLVDSREYTHSVIHTHSISEYQRDYTGEQLYECPKCGESFIHSSFLFEHQRIHEQDQLYSMKGCDDGFIALLPMKPRRNRAAERNPALAGSAIRCLLCGQGFIHSSALNEHMRLHREDDLLEQSQMAEEAIIPGLALTEFQRSQTEERLFECAVCGESFVNPAELADHVTVHKNEPYEYGSSYTHTSFLTEPLKGAIPFYECKDCGKSFIHSTVLTKHKELHLEEEEEDEAAAAAAAAAQEVEANVHVPQVVLRIQGLNVEAAEPEVEAAEPEVEAAEPEVEAAEPNGEAEGPDGEAAEPIGEAGQPNGEAEQPNGDADEPDGAGIEDPEERAEEPEGKAEEPEGDADEPDGVGIEDPEEGEDQEIQVEEPYYDCHECTETFTSSTAFSEHLKTHASMIIFEPANAFGECSGYIERASTSTGGANQADEKYFKCDVCGQLFNDRLSLARHQNTHTG krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Induces apoptosis in cooperation with SIAH1A. Acts as a mediator between p53/TP53 and BAX in a neuronal death pathway that is activated by DNA damage. Acts synergistically with TRAF2 and inhibits TNF induced apoptosis through activation of NF-kappa-B (By similarity). Possesses a tumor suppressing activity in glioma cells. M6ATAR00359 PCNA-interacting partner (PARPBP) PARI; PARP-1 binding protein; PARP1-binding protein; PARPBP; C12orf48; PARI PARI_HUMAN hsa:55010 HGNC:26074 . ENSG00000185480 55010 PARPBP Protein coding 12q23.2 MAVFNQKSVSDMIKEFRKNWRALCNSERTTLCGADSMLLALQLSMAENNKQHSGEFTVSLSDVLLTWKYLLHEKLNLPVENMDVTDHYEDVRKIYDDFLKNSNMLDLIDVYQKCRALTSNCENYNTVSPSQLLDFLSGKQYAVGDETDLSIPTSPTSKYNRDNEKVQLLARKIIFSYLNLLVNSKNDLAVAYILNIPDRGLGREAFTDLKHAAREKQMSIFLVATSFIRTIELGGKGYAPPPSDPLRTHVKGLSNFINFIDKLDEILGEIPNPSIAGGQILSVIKMQLIKGQNSRDPFCKAIEEVAQDLDLRIKNIINSQEGVVALSTTDISPARPKSHAINHGTAYCGRDTVKALLVLLDEEAANAPTKNKAELLYDEENTIHHHGTSILTLFRSPTQVNNSIKPLRERICVSMQEKKIKMKQTLIRSQFACTYKDDYMISKDNWNNVNLASKPLCVLYMENDLSEGVNPSVGRSTIGTSFGNVHLDRSKNEKVSRKSTSQTGNKSSKRKQVDLDGENILCDNRNEPPQHKNAKIPKKSNDSQNRLYGKLAKVAKSNKCTAKDKLISGQAKLTQFFRL PARI family Required to suppress inappropriate homologous recombination, thereby playing a central role DNA repair and in the maintenance of genomic stability. Antagonizes homologous recombination by interfering with the formation of the RAD51-DNA homologous recombination structure. Binds single-strand DNA and poly(A) homopolymers. Positively regulate the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation activity of PARP1; however such function may be indirect. M6ATAR00362 PDH kinase 1 (PDK1) Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 1; PDH kinase 1; PDHK1 PDK1_HUMAN hsa:5163 HGNC:8809 . ENSG00000152256 5163 PDK1 Protein coding 2q31.1 MRLARLLRGAALAGPGPGLRAAGFSRSFSSDSGSSPASERGVPGQVDFYARFSPSPLSMKQFLDFGSVNACEKTSFMFLRQELPVRLANIMKEISLLPDNLLRTPSVQLVQSWYIQSLQELLDFKDKSAEDAKAIYDFTDTVIRIRNRHNDVIPTMAQGVIEYKESFGVDPVTSQNVQYFLDRFYMSRISIRMLLNQHSLLFGGKGKGSPSHRKHIGSINPNCNVLEVIKDGYENARRLCDLYYINSPELELEELNAKSPGQPIQVVYVPSHLYHMVFELFKNAMRATMEHHANRGVYPPIQVHVTLGNEDLTVKMSDRGGGVPLRKIDRLFNYMYSTAPRPRVETSRAVPLAGFGYGLPISRLYAQYFQGDLKLYSLEGYGTDAVIYIKALSTDSIERLPVYNKAAWKHYNTNHEADDWCVPSREPKDMTTFRSA PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family Kinase that plays a key role in regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2. This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. Plays an important role in cellular responses to hypoxia and is important for cell proliferation under hypoxia. Protects cells against apoptosis in response to hypoxia and oxidative stress. M6ATAR00364 Period circadian protein homolog 1 (PER1) hPER1; Circadian clock protein PERIOD 1; Circadian pacemaker protein Rigui; KIAA0482; PER; RIGUI PER1_HUMAN hsa:5187 HGNC:8845 . ENSG00000179094 5187 PER1 Protein coding 17p13.1 MSGPLEGADGGGDPRPGESFCPGGVPSPGPPQHRPCPGPSLADDTDANSNGSSGNESNGHESRGASQRSSHSSSSGNGKDSALLETTESSKSTNSQSPSPPSSSIAYSLLSASSEQDNPSTSGCSSEQSARARTQKELMTALRELKLRLPPERRGKGRSGTLATLQYALACVKQVQANQEYYQQWSLEEGEPCSMDMSTYTLEELEHITSEYTLQNQDTFSVAVSFLTGRIVYISEQAAVLLRCKRDVFRGTRFSELLAPQDVGVFYGSTAPSRLPTWGTGASAGSGLRDFTQEKSVFCRIRGGPDRDPGPRYQPFRLTPYVTKIRVSDGAPAQPCCLLIAERIHSGYEAPRIPPDKRIFTTRHTPSCLFQDVDERAAPLLGYLPQDLLGAPVLLFLHPEDRPLMLAIHKKILQLAGQPFDHSPIRFCARNGEYVTMDTSWAGFVHPWSRKVAFVLGRHKVRTAPLNEDVFTPPAPSPAPSLDTDIQELSEQIHRLLLQPVHSPSPTGLCGVGAVTSPGPLHSPGSSSDSNGGDAEGPGPPAPVTFQQICKDVHLVKHQGQQLFIESRARPQSRPRLPATGTFKAKALPCQSPDPELEAGSAPVQAPLALVPEEAERKEASSCSYQQINCLDSILRYLESCNLPSTTKRKCASSSSYTTSSASDDDRQRTGPVSVGTKKDPPSAALSGEGATPRKEPVVGGTLSPLALANKAESVVSVTSQCSFSSTIVHVGDKKPPESDIIMMEDLPGLAPGPAPSPAPSPTVAPDPAPDAYRPVGLTKAVLSLHTQKEEQAFLSRFRDLGRLRGLDSSSTAPSALGERGCHHGPAPPSRRHHCRSKAKRSRHHQNPRAEAPCYVSHPSPVPPSTPWPTPPATTPFPAVVQPYPLPVFSPRGGPQPLPPAPTSVPPAAFPAPLVTPMVALVLPNYLFPTPSSYPYGALQTPAEGPPTPASHSPSPSLPALAPSPPHRPDSPLFNSRCSSPLQLNLLQLEELPRAEGAAVAGGPGSSAGPPPPSAEAAEPEARLAEVTESSNQDALSGSSDLLELLLQEDSRSGTGSAASGSLGSGLGSGSGSGSHEGGSTSASITRSSQSSHTSKYFGSIDSSEAEAGAARGGAEPGDQVIKYVLQDPIWLLMANADQRVMMTYQVPSRDMTSVLKQDRERLRAMQKQQPRFSEDQRRELGAVHSWVRKGQLPRALDVMACVDCGSSTQDPGHPDDPLFSELDGLGLEPMEEGGGEQGSSGGGSGEGEGCEEAQGGAKASSSQDLAMEEEEEGRSSSSPALPTAGNCTS . Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1, ARNTL2/BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a period shorter and longer than 24 hours, respectively. Disruptions in the circadian rhythms contribute to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging. A transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) forms the core of the molecular circadian clock mechanism. Transcription factors, CLOCK or NPAS2 and ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, form the positive limb of the feedback loop, act in the form of a heterodimer and activate the transcription of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes (involved in key metabolic processes), harboring E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') within their promoters. The core clock genes: PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2 which are transcriptional repressors form the negative limb of the feedback loop and interact with the CLOCK|NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1|ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer inhibiting its activity and thereby negatively regulating their own expression. This heterodimer also activates nuclear receptors NR1D1/2 and RORA/B/G, which form a second feedback loop and which activate and repress ARNTL/BMAL1 transcription, respectively. Regulates circadian target genes expression at post-transcriptional levels, but may not be required for the repression at transcriptional level. Controls PER2 protein decay. Represses CRY2 preventing its repression on CLOCK/ARNTL target genes such as FXYD5 and SCNN1A in kidney and PPARA in liver. Besides its involvement in the maintenance of the circadian clock, has an important function in the regulation of several processes. Participates in the repression of glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1/GR-induced transcriptional activity by reducing the association of NR3C1/GR to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) by ARNTL:CLOCK. Plays a role in the modulation of the neuroinflammatory state via the regulation of inflammatory mediators release, such as CCL2 and IL6. In spinal astrocytes, negatively regulates the MAPK14/p38 and MAPK8/JNK MAPK cascades as well as the subsequent activation of NFkappaB. Coordinately regulates the expression of multiple genes that are involved in the regulation of renal sodium reabsorption. Can act as gene expression activator in a gene and tissue specific manner, in kidney enhances WNK1 and SLC12A3 expression in collaboration with CLOCK. Modulates hair follicle cycling. Represses the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 induced transcription of BHLHE40/DEC1. M6ATAR00236 Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme (EHHADH) PBE; PBFE; L-bifunctional protein; LBP; Multifunctional enzyme 1; MFE1; ECHD ECHP_HUMAN hsa:1962 HGNC:3247 . ENSG00000113790 1962 EHHADH Protein coding 3q27.2 MAEYTRLHNALALIRLRNPPVNAISTTLLRDIKEGLQKAVIDHTIKAIVICGAEGKFSAGADIRGFSAPRTFGLTLGHVVDEIQRNEKPVVAAIQGMAFGGGLELALGCHYRIAHAEAQVGLPEVTLGLLPGARGTQLLPRLTGVPAALDLITSGRRILADEALKLGILDKVVNSDPVEEAIRFAQRVSDQPLESRRLCNKPIQSLPNMDSIFSEALLKMRRQHPGCLAQEACVRAVQAAVQYPYEVGIKKEEELFLYLLQSGQARALQYAFFAERKANKWSTPSGASWKTASARPVSSVGVVGLGTMGRGIVISFARARIPVIAVDSDKNQLATANKMITSVLEKEASKMQQSGHPWSGPKPRLTSSVKELGGVDLVIEAVFEEMSLKKQVFAELSAVCKPEAFLCTNTSALDVDEIASSTDRPHLVIGTHFFSPAHVMKLLEVIPSQYSSPTTIATVMNLSKKIKKIGVVVGNCFGFVGNRMLNPYYNQAYFLLEEGSKPEEVDQVLEEFGFKMGPFRVSDLAGLDVGWKSRKGQGLTGPTLLPGTPARKRGNRRYCPIPDVLCELGRFGQKTGKGWYQYDKPLGRIHKPDPWLSKFLSRYRKTHHIEPRTISQDEILERCLYSLINEAFRILGEGIAASPEHIDVVYLHGYGWPRHKGGPMFYASTVGLPTVLEKLQKYYRQNPDIPQLEPSDYLKKLASQGNPPLKEWQSLAGSPSSKL enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family Peroxisomal trifunctional enzyme possessing 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and delta 3, delta 2-enoyl-CoA isomerase activities. Catalyzes two of the four reactions of the long chain fatty acids peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway (By similarity). Can also use branched-chain fatty acids such as 2-methyl-2E-butenoyl-CoA as a substrate, which is hydrated into (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA (By similarity). Optimal isomerase for 2,5 double bonds into 3,5 form isomerization in a range of enoyl-CoA species (Probable). Also able to isomerize both 3-cis and 3-trans double bonds into the 2-trans form in a range of enoyl-CoA species (By similarity). With HSD17B4, catalyzes the hydration of trans-2-enoyl-CoA and the dehydrogenation of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, but with opposite chiral specificity. Regulates the amount of medium-chain dicarboxylic fatty acids which are essential regulators of all fatty acid oxidation pathways (By similarity). Also involved in the degradation of long-chain dicarboxylic acids through peroxisomal beta-oxidation. M6ATAR00475 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha/PPARA) PPAR-alpha; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 1; NR1C1; PPAR PPARA_HUMAN hsa:5465 HGNC:9232 . ENSG00000186951 5395 PPARA Protein coding . MVDTESPLCPLSPLEAGDLESPLSEEFLQEMGNIQEISQSIGEDSSGSFGFTEYQYLGSCPGSDGSVITDTLSPASSPSSVTYPVVPGSVDESPSGALNIECRICGDKASGYHYGVHACEGCKGFFRRTIRLKLVYDKCDRSCKIQKKNRNKCQYCRFHKCLSVGMSHNAIRFGRMPRSEKAKLKAEILTCEHDIEDSETADLKSLAKRIYEAYLKNFNMNKVKARVILSGKASNNPPFVIHDMETLCMAEKTLVAKLVANGIQNKEAEVRIFHCCQCTSVETVTELTEFAKAIPGFANLDLNDQVTLLKYGVYEAIFAMLSSVMNKDGMLVAYGNGFITREFLKSLRKPFCDIMEPKFDFAMKFNALELDDSDISLFVAAIICCGDRPGLLNVGHIEKMQEGIVHVLRLHLQSNHPDDIFLFPKLLQKMADLRQLVTEHAQLVQIIKKTESDAALHPLLQEIYRDMY nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety. Receptor for peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the ACOX1 and P450 genes. Transactivation activity requires heterodimerization with RXRA and is antagonized by NR2C2. May be required for the propagation of clock information to metabolic pathways regulated by PER2. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10195690, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24043310, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7629123, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7684926, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9556573}. M6ATAR00592 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) PPAR-gamma; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 3 PPARG_HUMAN hsa:5468 HGNC:9236 . ENSG00000132170 5468 PPARG Protein coding 3p25.2 MGETLGDSPIDPESDSFTDTLSANISQEMTMVDTEMPFWPTNFGISSVDLSVMEDHSHSFDIKPFTTVDFSSISTPHYEDIPFTRTDPVVADYKYDLKLQEYQSAIKVEPASPPYYSEKTQLYNKPHEEPSNSLMAIECRVCGDKASGFHYGVHACEGCKGFFRRTIRLKLIYDRCDLNCRIHKKSRNKCQYCRFQKCLAVGMSHNAIRFGRMPQAEKEKLLAEISSDIDQLNPESADLRALAKHLYDSYIKSFPLTKAKARAILTGKTTDKSPFVIYDMNSLMMGEDKIKFKHITPLQEQSKEVAIRIFQGCQFRSVEAVQEITEYAKSIPGFVNLDLNDQVTLLKYGVHEIIYTMLASLMNKDGVLISEGQGFMTREFLKSLRKPFGDFMEPKFEFAVKFNALELDDSDLAIFIAVIILSGDRPGLLNVKPIEDIQDNLLQALELQLKLNHPESSQLFAKLLQKMTDLRQIVTEHVQLLQVIKKTETDMSLHPLLQEIYKDLY Nuclear hormone receptor family, NR1 subfamily Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated pro-inflammatory responses. Plays a role in the regulation of cardiovascular circadian rhythms by regulating the transcription of ARNTL/BMAL1 in the blood vessels (By similarity); (Microbial infection) Upon treatment with M.tuberculosis or its lipoprotein LpqH, phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and IL-6 production are modulated, probably via this protein. M6ATAR00746 Pescadillo homolog (PES1) . PESC_HUMAN hsa:23481 HGNC:8848 . ENSG00000100029 23481 PES1 Protein coding 22q12.2 MGGLEKKKYERGSATNYITRNKARKKLQLSLADFRRLCILKGIYPHEPKHKKKVNKGSTAARTFYLIKDIRFLLHEPIVNKFREYKVFVRKLRKAYGKSEWNTVERLKDNKPNYKLDHIIKERYPTFIDALRDLDDALSMCFLFSTFPRTGKCHVQTIQLCRRLTVEFMHYIIAARALRKVFLSIKGIYYQAEVLGQPIVWITPYAFSHDHPTDVDYRVMATFTEFYTTLLGFVNFRLYQLLNLHYPPKLEGQAQAEAKAGEGTYALDSESCMEKLAALSASLARVVVPATEEEAEVDEFPTDGEMSAQEEDRRKELEAQEKHKKLFEGLKFFLNREVPREALAFIIRSFGGEVSWDKSLCIGATYDVTDSRITHQIVDRPGQQTSVIGRCYVQPQWVFDSVNARLLLPVAEYFSGVQLPPHLSPFVTEKEGDYVPPEKLKLLALQRGEDPGNLNESEEEEEEDDNNEGDGDEEGENEEEEEDAEAGSEKEEEARLAALEEQRMEGKKPRVMAGTLKLEDKQRLAQEEESEAKRLAIMMMKKREKYLYQKIMFGKRRKIREANKLAEKRKAHDEAVRSEKKAKKARPE Pescadillo family Component of the PeBoW complex, which is required for maturation of 28S and 5.8S ribosomal RNAs and formation of the 60S ribosome. M6ATAR00695 PHD finger protein 10 (PHF10) BRG1-associated factor 45a; BAF45a; XAP135 PHF10_HUMAN hsa:55274 HGNC:18250 . ENSG00000130024 55274 PHF10 Protein coding 6q27 MAAAAGPGAALSPRPCDSDPATPGAQSPKDDNEDNSNDGTQPSKRRRMGSGDSSRSCETSSQDLGFSYYPAENLIEYKWPPDETGEYYMLQEQVSEYLGVTSFKRKYPDLERRDLSHKEKLYLRELNVITETQCTLGLTALRSDEVIDLMIKEYPAKHAEYSVILQEKERQRITDHYKEYSQMQQQNTQKVEASKVPEYIKKAAKKAAEFNSNLNRERMEERRAYFDLQTHVIQVPQGKYKVLPTERTKVSSYPVALIPGQFQEYYKRYSPDELRYLPLNTALYEPPLDPELPALDSDGDSDDGEDGRGDEKRKNKGTSDSSSGNVSEGESPPDSQEDSFQGRQKSKDKAATPRKDGPKRSVLSKSVPGYKPKVIPNAICGICLKGKESNKKGKAESLIHCSQCENSGHPSCLDMTMELVSMIKTYPWQCMECKTCIICGQPHHEEEMMFCDMCDRGYHTFCVGLGAIPSGRWICDCCQRAPPTPRKVGRRGKNSKEG SAYP family Involved in transcription activity regulation by chromatin remodeling. Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and is required for the proliferation of neural progenitors. During neural development a switch from a stem/progenitor to a post-mitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells to post-mitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A/BAF53A and PHF10/BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B/BAF53B and DPF1/BAF45B or DPF3/BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth (By similarity). M6ATAR00366 PHLPP-like (PHLPP2) PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase-like; PHLPP-like; KIAA0931; PHLPPL PHLP2_HUMAN hsa:23035 HGNC:29149 . ENSG00000040199 23035 PHLPP2 Protein coding 16q22.2 MKRNGSRNCLNRRSRFGSRERDWLREDVKRGCVYLYGADTTTATTTTTTSSSSSSSSSSSDLHLVLCTVETPASEICAGEGRESLYLQLHGDLVRRLEPTERPLQIVYDYLSRLGFDDPVRIQEEATNPDLGCMIRFYGEKPCHMDRLDRILLSGIYNVRKGKTQLHKWAERLVVLCGTCLIVSSVKDCQTGKMHILPLVGGKIEEVKRRQYSLAFSSAGAQAQTYHVSFETLAEYQRWQRQASKVVSQRISTVDLSCYSLEEVPEHLFYSQDITYLNLRHNFMQLERPGGLDTLYKFSQLKGLNLSHNKLGLFPILLCEISTLTELNLSCNGFHDLPSQIGNLLNLQTLCLDGNFLTTLPEELGNLQQLSSLGISFNNFSQIPEVYEKLTMLDRVVMAGNCLEVLNLGVLNRMNHIKHVDLRMNHLKTMVIENLEGNKHITHVDLRDNRLTDLDLSSLCSLEQLHCGRNQLRELTLSGFSLRTLYASSNRLTAVNVYPVPSLLTFLDLSRNLLECVPDWACEAKKIEVLDVSYNLLTEVPVRILSSLSLRKLMLGHNHVQNLPTLVEHIPLEVLDLQHNALTRLPDTLFSKALNLRYLNASANSLESLPSACTGEESLSMLQLLYLTNNLLTDQCIPVLVGHLHLRILHLANNQLQTFPASKLNKLEQLEELNLSGNKLKTIPTTIANCKRLHTLVAHSNNISIFPEILQLPQIQFVDLSCNDLTEILIPEALPATLQDLDLTGNTNLVLEHKTLDIFSHITTLKIDQKPLPTTDSTVTSTFWSHGLAEMAGQRNKLCVSALAMDSFAEGVGAVYGMFDGDRNEELPRLLQCTMADVLLEEVQQSTNDTVFMANTFLVSHRKLGMAGQKLGSSALLCYIRPDTADPASSFSLTVANVGTCQAVLCRGGKPVPLSKVFSLEQDPEEAQRVKDQKAIITEDNKVNGVTCCTRMLGCTYLYPWILPKPHISSTPLTIQDELLILGNKALWEHLSYTEAVNAVRHVQDPLAAAKKLCTLAQSYGCQDNVGAMVVYLNIGEEGCTCEMNGLTLPGPVGFASTTTIKDAPKPATPSSSSGIASEFSSEMSTSEVSSEVGSTASDEHNAGGLDTALLPRPERRCSLHPTPTSGLFQRQPSSATFSSNQSDNGLDSDDDQPVEGVITNGSKVEVEVDIHCCRGRDLENSPPLIESSPTLCSEEHARGSCFGIRRQNSVNSGMLLPMSKDRMELQKSPSTSCLYGKKLSNGSIVPLEDSLNLIEVATEVPKRKTGYFAAPTQMEPEDQFVVPHDLEEEVKEQMKQHQDSRLEPEPHEEDRTEPPEEFDTAL . Protein phosphatase involved in regulation of Akt and PKC signaling. Mediates dephosphorylation in the C-terminal domain hydrophobic motif of members of the AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; specifically acts on 'Ser-473' of AKT1, 'Ser-660' of PRKCB isoform beta-II and 'Ser-657' of PRKCA. Akt regulates the balance between cell survival and apoptosis through a cascade that primarily alters the function of transcription factors that regulate pro- and antiapoptotic genes. Dephosphorylation of 'Ser-473' of Akt triggers apoptosis and decreases cell proliferation. Also controls the phosphorylation of AKT3. Dephosphorylates STK4 on 'Thr-387' leading to STK4 activation and apoptosis. Dephosphorylates RPS6KB1 and is involved in regulation of cap-dependent translation. Inhibits cancer cell proliferation and may act as a tumor suppressor. Dephosphorylation of PRKCA and PRKCB leads to their destabilization and degradation. Dephosphorylates RAF1 inhibiting its kinase activity. M6ATAR00358 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta (PI3K-p85/PIK3R2) PI3-kinase regulatory subunit beta; PI3K regulatory subunit beta; PtdIns-3-kinase regulatory subunit beta; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase 85 kDa regulatory subunit beta; PI3-kinase subunit p85-beta; PtdIns-3-kinase regulatory subunit p85-beta P85B_HUMAN hsa:5296 HGNC:8980 . ENSG00000105647 5296 PIK3R2 Protein coding 19p13.11 MAGPEGFQYRALYPFRRERPEDLELLPGDVLVVSRAALQALGVAEGGERCPQSVGWMPGLNERTRQRGDFPGTYVEFLGPVALARPGPRPRGPRPLPARPRDGAPEPGLTLPDLPEQFSPPDVAPPLLVKLVEAIERTGLDSESHYRPELPAPRTDWSLSDVDQWDTAALADGIKSFLLALPAPLVTPEASAEARRALREAAGPVGPALEPPTLPLHRALTLRFLLQHLGRVASRAPALGPAVRALGATFGPLLLRAPPPPSSPPPGGAPDGSEPSPDFPALLVEKLLQEHLEEQEVAPPALPPKPPKAKPASTVLANGGSPPSLQDAEWYWGDISREEVNEKLRDTPDGTFLVRDASSKIQGEYTLTLRKGGNNKLIKVFHRDGHYGFSEPLTFCSVVDLINHYRHESLAQYNAKLDTRLLYPVSKYQQDQIVKEDSVEAVGAQLKVYHQQYQDKSREYDQLYEEYTRTSQELQMKRTAIEAFNETIKIFEEQGQTQEKCSKEYLERFRREGNEKEMQRILLNSERLKSRIAEIHESRTKLEQQLRAQASDNREIDKRMNSLKPDLMQLRKIRDQYLVWLTQKGARQKKINEWLGIKNETEDQYALMEDEDDLPHHEERTWYVGKINRTQAEEMLSGKRDGTFLIRESSQRGCYACSVVVDGDTKHCVIYRTATGFGFAEPYNLYGSLKELVLHYQHASLVQHNDALTVTLAHPVRAPGPGPPPAAR PI3K p85 subunit family Regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), a kinase that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane. Indirectly regulates autophagy . Promotes nuclear translocation of XBP1 isoform 2 in a ER stress- and/or insulin-dependent manner during metabolic overloading in the liver and hence plays a role in glucose tolerance improvement (By similarity). M6ATAR00624 Phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase (LHPP) hLHPP LHPP_HUMAN hsa:64077 HGNC:30042 . ENSG00000107902 64077 LHPP Protein coding 10q26.13 MAPWGKRLAGVRGVLLDISGVLYDSGAGGGTAIAGSVEAVARLKRSRLKVRFCTNESQKSRAELVGQLQRLGFDISEQEVTAPAPAACQILKEQGLRPYLLIHDGVRSEFDQIDTSNPNCVVIADAGESFSYQNMNNAFQVLMELEKPVLISLGKGRYYKETSGLMLDVGPYMKALEYACGIKAEVVGKPSPEFFKSALQAIGVEAHQAVMIGDDIVGDVGGAQRCGMRALQVRTGKFRPSDEHHPEVKADGYVDNLAEAVDLLLQHADK HAD-like hydrolase superfamily Phosphatase that hydrolyzes imidodiphosphate, 3-phosphohistidine and 6-phospholysine. Has broad substrate specificity and can also hydrolyze inorganic diphosphate, but with lower efficiency (By similarity). M6ATAR00368 PI3-kinase subunit alpha (PI3k/PIK3CA) PI3-kinase subunit alpha; PI3K-alpha; PI3Kalpha; PtdIns-3-kinase subunit alpha; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase 110 kDa catalytic subunit alpha; PtdIns-3-kinase subunit p110-alpha; p110alpha; Phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase catalytic alpha polypeptide; Serine/threonine protein kinase PIK3CA PK3CA_HUMAN hsa:5290 HGNC:8975 . ENSG00000121879 5290 PIK3CA Protein coding 3q26.32 MPPRPSSGELWGIHLMPPRILVECLLPNGMIVTLECLREATLITIKHELFKEARKYPLHQLLQDESSYIFVSVTQEAEREEFFDETRRLCDLRLFQPFLKVIEPVGNREEKILNREIGFAIGMPVCEFDMVKDPEVQDFRRNILNVCKEAVDLRDLNSPHSRAMYVYPPNVESSPELPKHIYNKLDKGQIIVVIWVIVSPNNDKQKYTLKINHDCVPEQVIAEAIRKKTRSMLLSSEQLKLCVLEYQGKYILKVCGCDEYFLEKYPLSQYKYIRSCIMLGRMPNLMLMAKESLYSQLPMDCFTMPSYSRRISTATPYMNGETSTKSLWVINSALRIKILCATYVNVNIRDIDKIYVRTGIYHGGEPLCDNVNTQRVPCSNPRWNEWLNYDIYIPDLPRAARLCLSICSVKGRKGAKEEHCPLAWGNINLFDYTDTLVSGKMALNLWPVPHGLEDLLNPIGVTGSNPNKETPCLELEFDWFSSVVKFPDMSVIEEHANWSVSREAGFSYSHAGLSNRLARDNELRENDKEQLKAISTRDPLSEITEQEKDFLWSHRHYCVTIPEILPKLLLSVKWNSRDEVAQMYCLVKDWPPIKPEQAMELLDCNYPDPMVRGFAVRCLEKYLTDDKLSQYLIQLVQVLKYEQYLDNLLVRFLLKKALTNQRIGHFFFWHLKSEMHNKTVSQRFGLLLESYCRACGMYLKHLNRQVEAMEKLINLTDILKQEKKDETQKVQMKFLVEQMRRPDFMDALQGFLSPLNPAHQLGNLRLEECRIMSSAKRPLWLNWENPDIMSELLFQNNEIIFKNGDDLRQDMLTLQIIRIMENIWQNQGLDLRMLPYGCLSIGDCVGLIEVVRNSHTIMQIQCKGGLKGALQFNSHTLHQWLKDKNKGEIYDAAIDLFTRSCAGYCVATFILGIGDRHNSNIMVKDDGQLFHIDFGHFLDHKKKKFGYKRERVPFVLTQDFLIVISKGAQECTKTREFERFQEMCYKAYLAIRQHANLFINLFSMMLGSGMPELQSFDDIAYIRKTLALDKTEQEALEYFMKQMNDAHHGGWTTKMDWIFHTIKQHALN PI3/PI4-kinase family Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (PI) and its phosphorylated derivatives at position 3 of the inositol ring to produce 3-phosphoinositides. Uses ATP and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Participates in cellular signaling in response to various growth factors. Involved in the activation of AKT1 upon stimulation by receptor tyrosine kinases ligands such as EGF, insulin, IGF1, VEGFA and PDGF. Involved in signaling via insulin-receptor substrate (IRS) proteins. Essential in endothelial cell migration during vascular development through VEGFA signaling, possibly by regulating RhoA activity. Required for lymphatic vasculature development, possibly by binding to RAS and by activation by EGF and FGF2, but not by PDGF. Regulates invadopodia formation through the PDPK1-AKT1 pathway. Participates in cardiomyogenesis in embryonic stem cells through a AKT1 pathway. Participates in vasculogenesis in embryonic stem cells through PDK1 and protein kinase C pathway. In addition to its lipid kinase activity, it displays a serine-protein kinase activity that results in the autophosphorylation of the p85alpha regulatory subunit as well as phosphorylation of other proteins such as 4EBP1, H-Ras, the IL-3 beta c receptor and possibly others. Plays a role in the positive regulation of phagocytosis and pinocytosis (By similarity). M6ATAR00369 PI3-kinase subunit beta (PIK3CB) PI3-kinase subunit beta; PI3K-beta; PI3Kbeta; PtdIns-3-kinase subunit beta; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase 110 kDa catalytic subunit beta; PtdIns-3-kinase subunit p110-beta; p110beta; PIK3C1 PK3CB_HUMAN hsa:5291 HGNC:8976 . ENSG00000051382 5291 PIK3CB Protein coding 3q22.3 MCFSFIMPPAMADILDIWAVDSQIASDGSIPVDFLLPTGIYIQLEVPREATISYIKQMLWKQVHNYPMFNLLMDIDSYMFACVNQTAVYEELEDETRRLCDVRPFLPVLKLVTRSCDPGEKLDSKIGVLIGKGLHEFDSLKDPEVNEFRRKMRKFSEEKILSLVGLSWMDWLKQTYPPEHEPSIPENLEDKLYGGKLIVAVHFENCQDVFSFQVSPNMNPIKVNELAIQKRLTIHGKEDEVSPYDYVLQVSGRVEYVFGDHPLIQFQYIRNCVMNRALPHFILVECCKIKKMYEQEMIAIEAAINRNSSNLPLPLPPKKTRIISHVWENNNPFQIVLVKGNKLNTEETVKVHVRAGLFHGTELLCKTIVSSEVSGKNDHIWNEPLEFDINICDLPRMARLCFAVYAVLDKVKTKKSTKTINPSKYQTIRKAGKVHYPVAWVNTMVFDFKGQLRTGDIILHSWSSFPDELEEMLNPMGTVQTNPYTENATALHVKFPENKKQPYYYPPFDKIIEKAAEIASSDSANVSSRGGKKFLPVLKEILDRDPLSQLCENEMDLIWTLRQDCREIFPQSLPKLLLSIKWNKLEDVAQLQALLQIWPKLPPREALELLDFNYPDQYVREYAVGCLRQMSDEELSQYLLQLVQVLKYEPFLDCALSRFLLERALGNRRIGQFLFWHLRSEVHIPAVSVQFGVILEAYCRGSVGHMKVLSKQVEALNKLKTLNSLIKLNAVKLNRAKGKEAMHTCLKQSAYREALSDLQSPLNPCVILSELYVEKCKYMDSKMKPLWLVYNNKVFGEDSVGVIFKNGDDLRQDMLTLQMLRLMDLLWKEAGLDLRMLPYGCLATGDRSGLIEVVSTSETIADIQLNSSNVAAAAAFNKDALLNWLKEYNSGDDLDRAIEEFTLSCAGYCVASYVLGIGDRHSDNIMVKKTGQLFHIDFGHILGNFKSKFGIKRERVPFILTYDFIHVIQQGKTGNTEKFGRFRQCCEDAYLILRRHGNLFITLFALMLTAGLPELTSVKDIQYLKDSLALGKSEEEALKQFKQKFDEALRESWTTKVNWMAHTVRKDYRS PI3/PI4-kinase family Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol derivatives at position 3 of the inositol ring to produce 3-phosphoinositides. Uses ATP and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Involved in the activation of AKT1 upon stimulation by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) ligands such as CXCL12, sphingosine 1-phosphate, and lysophosphatidic acid. May also act downstream receptor tyrosine kinases. Required in different signaling pathways for stable platelet adhesion and aggregation. Plays a role in platelet activation signaling triggered by GPCRs, alpha-IIb/beta-3 integrins (ITGA2B/ ITGB3) and ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif)-bearing receptors such as GP6. Regulates the strength of adhesion of ITGA2B/ ITGB3 activated receptors necessary for the cellular transmission of contractile forces. Required for platelet aggregation induced by F2 (thrombin) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2). Has a role in cell survival. May have a role in cell migration. Involved in the early stage of autophagosome formation. Modulates the intracellular level of PtdIns3P (phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate) and activates PIK3C3 kinase activity. May act as a scaffold, independently of its lipid kinase activity to positively regulate autophagy. May have a role in insulin signaling as scaffolding protein in which the lipid kinase activity is not required. May have a kinase-independent function in regulating cell proliferation and in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Mediator of oncogenic signal in cell lines lacking PTEN. The lipid kinase activity is necessary for its role in oncogenic transformation. Required for the growth of ERBB2 and RAS driven tumors. M6ATAR00608 Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) PEDF; Cell proliferation-inducing gene 35 protein; EPC-1; Serpin F1 PEDF_HUMAN hsa:5176 HGNC:8824 . ENSG00000132386 5176 PEDF Protein coding 17p13.3 MQALVLLLCIGALLGHSSCQNPASPPEEGSPDPDSTGALVEEEDPFFKVPVNKLAAAVSNFGYDLYRVRSSTSPTTNVLLSPLSVATALSALSLGAEQRTESIIHRALYYDLISSPDIHGTYKELLDTVTAPQKNLKSASRIVFEKKLRIKSSFVAPLEKSYGTRPRVLTGNPRLDLQEINNWVQAQMKGKLARSTKEIPDEISILLLGVAHFKGQWVTKFDSRKTSLEDFYLDEERTVRVPMMSDPKAVLRYGLDSDLSCKIAQLPLTGSMSIIFFLPLKVTQNLTLIEESLTSEFIHDIDRELKTVQAVLTVPKLKLSYEGEVTKSLQEMKLQSLFDSPDFSKITGKPIKLTQVEHRAGFEWNEDGAGTTPSPGLQPAHLTFPLDYHLNQPFIFVLRDTDTGALLFIGKILDPRGP Serpin family Neurotrophic protein; induces extensive neuronal differentiation in retinoblastoma cells. Potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. As it does not undergo the S (stressed) to R (relaxed) conformational transition characteristic of active serpins, it exhibits no serine protease inhibitory activity. M6ATAR00761 Platelet glycoprotein 4 (CD36) GP3B; GP4; Platelet glycoprotein 4 ; Fatty acid translocase; FAT ; Glycoprotein IIIb; GPIIIB ; Leukocyte differentiation antigen CD36 ; PAS IV ; PAS-4 ; Platelet collagen receptor ; Platelet glycoprotein IV; GPIV ; Thrombospondin receptor ; CD antigen CD36 CD36_HUMAN hsa:948 HGNC:1663 . ENSG00000135218.19 948 Cd36 Protein coding 7q21.11 MGCDRNCGLIAGAVIGAVLAVFGGILMPVGDLLIQKTIKKQVVLEEGTIAFKNWVKTGTEVYRQFWIFDVQNPQEVMMNSSNIQVKQRGPYTYRVRFLAKENVTQDAEDNTVSFLQPNGAIFEPSLSVGTEADNFTVLNLAVAAASHIYQNQFVQMILNSLINKSKSSMFQVRTLRELLWGYRDPFLSLVPYPVTTTVGLFYPYNNTADGVYKVFNGKDNISKVAIIDTYKGKRNLSYWESHCDMINGTDAASFPPFVEKSQVLQFFSSDICRSIYAVFESDVNLKGIPVYRFVLPSKAFASPVENPDNYCFCTEKIISKNCTSYGVLDISKCKEGRPVYISLPHFLYASPDVSEPIDGLNPNEEEHRTYLDIEPITGFTLQFAKRLQVNLLVKPSEKIQVLKNLKRNYIVPILWLNETGTIGDEKANMFRSQVTGKINLLGLIEMILLSVGVVMFVAFMISYCACRSKTIK CD36 family Multifunctional glycoprotein that acts as receptor for a broad range of ligands. Ligands can be of proteinaceous nature like thrombospondin, fibronectin, collagen or amyloid-beta as well as of lipidic nature such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), anionic phospholipids, long-chain fatty acids and bacterial diacylated lipopeptides. They are generally multivalent and can therefore engage multiple receptors simultaneously, the resulting formation of CD36 clusters initiates signal transduction and internalization of receptor-ligand complexes. The dependency on coreceptor signaling is strongly ligand specific. Cellular responses to these ligands are involved in angiogenesis, inflammatory response, fatty acid metabolism, taste and dietary fat processing in the intestine (Probable). Binds long-chain fatty acids and facilitates their transport into cells, thus participating in muscle lipid utilization, adipose energy storage, and gut fat absorption (By similarity). Mechanistically, binding of fatty acids activates downstream kinase LYN, which phosphorylates the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC5 and inactivates it resulting in the subsequent depalmitoylation of CD36 and caveolar endocytosis. In the small intestine, plays a role in proximal absorption of dietary fatty acid and cholesterol for optimal chylomicron formation, possibly through the activation of MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway (By similarity). Involved in oral fat perception and preferences . Detection into the tongue of long-chain fatty acids leads to a rapid and sustained rise in flux and protein content of pancreatobiliary secretions (By similarity). In taste receptor cells, mediates the induction of an increase in intracellular calcium levels by long-chain fatty acids, leading to the activation of the gustatory neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (By similarity). Important factor in both ventromedial hypothalamus neuronal sensing of long-chain fatty acid and the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis (By similarity). Receptor for thrombospondins, THBS1 and THBS2, mediating their antiangiogenic effects (By similarity). As a coreceptor for TLR4:TLR6 heterodimer, promotes inflammation in monocytes/macrophages. Upon ligand binding, such as oxLDL or amyloid-beta 42, interacts with the heterodimer TLR4:TLR6, the complex is internalized and triggers inflammatory response, leading to NF-kappa-B-dependent production of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL9 cytokines, via MYD88 signaling pathway, and CCL5 cytokine, via TICAM1 signaling pathway, as well as IL1B secretion, through the priming and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome (By similarity). Selective and nonredundant sensor of microbial diacylated lipopeptide that signal via TLR2:TLR6 heterodimer, this cluster triggers signaling from the cell surface, leading to the NF-kappa-B-dependent production of TNF, via MYD88 signaling pathway and subsequently is targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway (By similarity); (Microbial infection) Directly mediates cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum parasitized erythrocytes and the internalization of particles independently of TLR signaling. M6ATAR00665 Platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGFC) PDGF-C; Fallotein; Spinal cord-derived growth factor; SCDGF; VEGF-E PDGFC_HUMAN hsa:56034 HGNC:8801 . ENSG00000145431 56034 PDGFC Protein coding 4q32.1 MSLFGLLLLTSALAGQRQGTQAESNLSSKFQFSSNKEQNGVQDPQHERIITVSTNGSIHSPRFPHTYPRNTVLVWRLVAVEENVWIQLTFDERFGLEDPEDDICKYDFVEVEEPSDGTILGRWCGSGTVPGKQISKGNQIRIRFVSDEYFPSEPGFCIHYNIVMPQFTEAVSPSVLPPSALPLDLLNNAITAFSTLEDLIRYLEPERWQLDLEDLYRPTWQLLGKAFVFGRKSRVVDLNLLTEEVRLYSCTPRNFSVSIREELKRTDTIFWPGCLLVKRCGGNCACCLHNCNECQCVPSKVTKKYHEVLQLRPKTGVRGLHKSLTDVALEHHEECDCVCRGSTGG PDGF/VEGF growth factor family Growth factor that plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell migration, survival and chemotaxis. Potent mitogen and chemoattractant for cells of mesenchymal origin. Required for normal skeleton formation during embryonic development, especially for normal development of the craniofacial skeleton and for normal development of the palate. Required for normal skin morphogenesis during embryonic development. Plays an important role in wound healing, where it appears to be involved in three stages: inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Plays an important role in angiogenesis and blood vessel development. Involved in fibrotic processes, in which transformation of interstitial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts plus collagen deposition occurs. The CUB domain has mitogenic activity in coronary artery smooth muscle cells, suggesting a role beyond the maintenance of the latency of the PDGF domain. In the nucleus, PDGFC seems to have additional function. M6ATAR00620 Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) PDGF-R-alpha; PDGFR-alpha; Alpha platelet-derived growth factor receptor; Alpha-type platelet-derived growth factor receptor; CD140 antigen-like family member A; CD140a antigen; Platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor; Platelet-derived growth factor receptor 2; PDGFR-2; CD140a PGFRA_HUMAN hsa:5156 HGNC:8803 . ENSG00000134853 5156 PDGFRA Protein coding 4q12 MGTSHPAFLVLGCLLTGLSLILCQLSLPSILPNENEKVVQLNSSFSLRCFGESEVSWQYPMSEEESSDVEIRNEENNSGLFVTVLEVSSASAAHTGLYTCYYNHTQTEENELEGRHIYIYVPDPDVAFVPLGMTDYLVIVEDDDSAIIPCRTTDPETPVTLHNSEGVVPASYDSRQGFNGTFTVGPYICEATVKGKKFQTIPFNVYALKATSELDLEMEALKTVYKSGETIVVTCAVFNNEVVDLQWTYPGEVKGKGITMLEEIKVPSIKLVYTLTVPEATVKDSGDYECAARQATREVKEMKKVTISVHEKGFIEIKPTFSQLEAVNLHEVKHFVVEVRAYPPPRISWLKNNLTLIENLTEITTDVEKIQEIRYRSKLKLIRAKEEDSGHYTIVAQNEDAVKSYTFELLTQVPSSILDLVDDHHGSTGGQTVRCTAEGTPLPDIEWMICKDIKKCNNETSWTILANNVSNIITEIHSRDRSTVEGRVTFAKVEETIAVRCLAKNLLGAENRELKLVAPTLRSELTVAAAVLVLLVIVIISLIVLVVIWKQKPRYEIRWRVIESISPDGHEYIYVDPMQLPYDSRWEFPRDGLVLGRVLGSGAFGKVVEGTAYGLSRSQPVMKVAVKMLKPTARSSEKQALMSELKIMTHLGPHLNIVNLLGACTKSGPIYIITEYCFYGDLVNYLHKNRDSFLSHHPEKPKKELDIFGLNPADESTRSYVILSFENNGDYMDMKQADTTQYVPMLERKEVSKYSDIQRSLYDRPASYKKKSMLDSEVKNLLSDDNSEGLTLLDLLSFTYQVARGMEFLASKNCVHRDLAARNVLLAQGKIVKICDFGLARDIMHDSNYVSKGSTFLPVKWMAPESIFDNLYTTLSDVWSYGILLWEIFSLGGTPYPGMMVDSTFYNKIKSGYRMAKPDHATSEVYEIMVKCWNSEPEKRPSFYHLSEIVENLLPGQYKKSYEKIHLDFLKSDHPAVARMRVDSDNAYIGVTYKNEEDKLKDWEGGLDEQRLSADSGYIIPLPDIDPVPEEEDLGKRNRHSSQTSEESAIETGSSSSTFIKREDETIEDIDMMDDIGIDSSDLVEDSFL Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, CSF-1/PDGF receptor subfamily Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for PDGFA, PDGFB and PDGFC and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, survival and chemotaxis. Depending on the context, promotes or inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration. Plays an important role in the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Required for normal skeleton development and cephalic closure during embryonic development. Required for normal development of the mucosa lining the gastrointestinal tract, and for recruitment of mesenchymal cells and normal development of intestinal villi. Plays a role in cell migration and chemotaxis in wound healing. Plays a role in platelet activation, secretion of agonists from platelet granules, and in thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Binding of its cognate ligands - homodimeric PDGFA, homodimeric PDGFB, heterodimers formed by PDGFA and PDGFB or homodimeric PDGFC -leads to the activation of several signaling cascades; the response depends on the nature of the bound ligand and is modulated by the formation of heterodimers between PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Phosphorylates PIK3R1, PLCG1, and PTPN11. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, mobilization of cytosolic Ca(2+) and the activation of protein kinase C. Phosphorylates PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and thereby mediates activation of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Mediates activation of HRAS and of the MAP kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1. Promotes activation of STAT family members STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5A and/or STAT5B. Receptor signaling is down-regulated by protein phosphatases that dephosphorylate the receptor and its down-stream effectors, and by rapid internalization of the activated receptor. M6ATAR00571 Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) PDGF-R-beta; PDGFR-beta; Beta platelet-derived growth factor receptor; Beta-type platelet-derived growth factor receptor; CD140 antigen-like family member B; Platelet-derived growth factor receptor 1; PDGFR-1; CD140b PGFRB_HUMAN hsa:5159 HGNC:8804 . ENSG00000113721 5159 PDGFRB Protein coding 5q32 MRLPGAMPALALKGELLLLSLLLLLEPQISQGLVVTPPGPELVLNVSSTFVLTCSGSAPVVWERMSQEPPQEMAKAQDGTFSSVLTLTNLTGLDTGEYFCTHNDSRGLETDERKRLYIFVPDPTVGFLPNDAEELFIFLTEITEITIPCRVTDPQLVVTLHEKKGDVALPVPYDHQRGFSGIFEDRSYICKTTIGDREVDSDAYYVYRLQVSSINVSVNAVQTVVRQGENITLMCIVIGNEVVNFEWTYPRKESGRLVEPVTDFLLDMPYHIRSILHIPSAELEDSGTYTCNVTESVNDHQDEKAINITVVESGYVRLLGEVGTLQFAELHRSRTLQVVFEAYPPPTVLWFKDNRTLGDSSAGEIALSTRNVSETRYVSELTLVRVKVAEAGHYTMRAFHEDAEVQLSFQLQINVPVRVLELSESHPDSGEQTVRCRGRGMPQPNIIWSACRDLKRCPRELPPTLLGNSSEEESQLETNVTYWEEEQEFEVVSTLRLQHVDRPLSVRCTLRNAVGQDTQEVIVVPHSLPFKVVVISAILALVVLTIISLIILIMLWQKKPRYEIRWKVIESVSSDGHEYIYVDPMQLPYDSTWELPRDQLVLGRTLGSGAFGQVVEATAHGLSHSQATMKVAVKMLKSTARSSEKQALMSELKIMSHLGPHLNVVNLLGACTKGGPIYIITEYCRYGDLVDYLHRNKHTFLQHHSDKRRPPSAELYSNALPVGLPLPSHVSLTGESDGGYMDMSKDESVDYVPMLDMKGDVKYADIESSNYMAPYDNYVPSAPERTCRATLINESPVLSYMDLVGFSYQVANGMEFLASKNCVHRDLAARNVLICEGKLVKICDFGLARDIMRDSNYISKGSTFLPLKWMAPESIFNSLYTTLSDVWSFGILLWEIFTLGGTPYPELPMNEQFYNAIKRGYRMAQPAHASDEIYEIMQKCWEEKFEIRPPFSQLVLLLERLLGEGYKKKYQQVDEEFLRSDHPAILRSQARLPGFHGLRSPLDTSSVLYTAVQPNEGDNDYIIPLPDPKPEVADEGPLEGSPSLASSTLNEVNTSSTISCDSPLEPQDEPEPEPQLELQVEPEPELEQLPDSGCPAPRAEAEDSFL Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, CSF-1/PDGF receptor subfamily Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for homodimeric PDGFB and PDGFD and for heterodimers formed by PDGFA and PDGFB, and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, chemotaxis and migration. Plays an essential role in blood vessel development by promoting proliferation, migration and recruitment of pericytes and smooth muscle cells to endothelial cells. Plays a role in the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and the formation of neointima at vascular injury sites. Required for normal development of the cardiovascular system. Required for normal recruitment of pericytes (mesangial cells) in the kidney glomerulus, and for normal formation of a branched network of capillaries in kidney glomeruli. Promotes rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of membrane ruffles. Binding of its cognate ligands - homodimeric PDGFB, heterodimers formed by PDGFA and PDGFB or homodimeric PDGFD -leads to the activation of several signaling cascades; the response depends on the nature of the bound ligand and is modulated by the formation of heterodimers between PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Phosphorylates PLCG1, PIK3R1, PTPN11, RASA1/GAP, CBL, SHC1 and NCK1. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, mobilization of cytosolic Ca(2+) and the activation of protein kinase C. Phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, leads to the activation of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Phosphorylation of SHC1, or of the C-terminus of PTPN11, creates a binding site for GRB2, resulting in the activation of HRAS, RAF1 and down-stream MAP kinases, including MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1. Promotes phosphorylation and activation of SRC family kinases. Promotes phosphorylation of PDCD6IP/ALIX and STAM. Receptor signaling is down-regulated by protein phosphatases that dephosphorylate the receptor and its down-stream effectors, and by rapid internalization of the activated receptor. M6ATAR00361 Platelet-derived growth factor subunit A (PDGFA) PDGF subunit A; PDGF-1; Platelet-derived growth factor A chain; Platelet-derived growth factor alpha polypeptide; PDGF1 PDGFA_HUMAN hsa:5154 HGNC:8799 . ENSG00000197461 5154 PDGFA Protein coding 7p22.3 MRTLACLLLLGCGYLAHVLAEEAEIPREVIERLARSQIHSIRDLQRLLEIDSVGSEDSLDTSLRAHGVHATKHVPEKRPLPIRRKRSIEEAVPAVCKTRTVIYEIPRSQVDPTSANFLIWPPCVEVKRCTGCCNTSSVKCQPSRVHHRSVKVAKVEYVRKKPKLKEVQVRLEEHLECACATTSLNPDYREEDTGRPRESGKKRKRKRLKPT PDGF/VEGF growth factor family Growth factor that plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell migration, survival and chemotaxis. Potent mitogen for cells of mesenchymal origin. Required for normal lung alveolar septum formation during embryogenesis, normal development of the gastrointestinal tract, normal development of Leydig cells and spermatogenesis. Required for normal oligodendrocyte development and normal myelination in the spinal cord and cerebellum. Plays an important role in wound healing. Signaling is modulated by the formation of heterodimers with PDGFB (By similarity). M6ATAR00019 PncRNA-D . . . . . . . PncRNA-D LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00551 Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1) PARP-1; ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 1; ARTD1; DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1; NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 1; ADPRT 1; Poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 1; Protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1 PARP1_HUMAN hsa:142 HGNC:270 . ENSG00000143799 142 PARP1 Protein coding 1q42.12 MAESSDKLYRVEYAKSGRASCKKCSESIPKDSLRMAIMVQSPMFDGKVPHWYHFSCFWKVGHSIRHPDVEVDGFSELRWDDQQKVKKTAEAGGVTGKGQDGIGSKAEKTLGDFAAEYAKSNRSTCKGCMEKIEKGQVRLSKKMVDPEKPQLGMIDRWYHPGCFVKNREELGFRPEYSASQLKGFSLLATEDKEALKKQLPGVKSEGKRKGDEVDGVDEVAKKKSKKEKDKDSKLEKALKAQNDLIWNIKDELKKVCSTNDLKELLIFNKQQVPSGESAILDRVADGMVFGALLPCEECSGQLVFKSDAYYCTGDVTAWTKCMVKTQTPNRKEWVTPKEFREISYLKKLKVKKQDRIFPPETSASVAATPPPSTASAPAAVNSSASADKPLSNMKILTLGKLSRNKDEVKAMIEKLGGKLTGTANKASLCISTKKEVEKMNKKMEEVKEANIRVVSEDFLQDVSASTKSLQELFLAHILSPWGAEVKAEPVEVVAPRGKSGAALSKKSKGQVKEEGINKSEKRMKLTLKGGAAVDPDSGLEHSAHVLEKGGKVFSATLGLVDIVKGTNSYYKLQLLEDDKENRYWIFRSWGRVGTVIGSNKLEQMPSKEDAIEHFMKLYEEKTGNAWHSKNFTKYPKKFYPLEIDYGQDEEAVKKLTVNPGTKSKLPKPVQDLIKMIFDVESMKKAMVEYEIDLQKMPLGKLSKRQIQAAYSILSEVQQAVSQGSSDSQILDLSNRFYTLIPHDFGMKKPPLLNNADSVQAKVEMLDNLLDIEVAYSLLRGGSDDSSKDPIDVNYEKLKTDIKVVDRDSEEAEIIRKYVKNTHATTHNAYDLEVIDIFKIEREGECQRYKPFKQLHNRRLLWHGSRTTNFAGILSQGLRIAPPEAPVTGYMFGKGIYFADMVSKSANYCHTSQGDPIGLILLGEVALGNMYELKHASHISKLPKGKHSVKGLGKTTPDPSANISLDGVDVPLGTGISSGVNDTSLLYNEYIVYDIAQVNLKYLLKLKFNFKTSLW ARTD/PARP family Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation of proteins and plays a key role in DNA repair. Mediates glutamate, aspartate, serine or tyrosine ADP-ribosylation of proteins: the ADP-D-ribosyl group of NAD(+) is transferred to the acceptor carboxyl group of target residues and further ADP-ribosyl groups are transferred to the 2'-position of the terminal adenosine moiety, building up a polymer with an average chain length of 20-30 units . Serine ADP-ribosylation of proteins constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Mainly mediates glutamate and aspartate ADP-ribosylation of target proteins in absence of HPF1. Following interaction with HPF1, catalyzes serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins; HPF1 conferring serine specificity by completing the PARP1 active site . Also catalyzes tyrosine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins following interaction with HPF1. PARP1 initiates the repair of DNA breaks: recognizes and binds DNA breaks within chromatin and recruits HPF1, licensing serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins, such as histones, thereby promoting decompaction of chromatin and the recruitment of repair factors leading to the reparation of DNA strand breaks . In addition to base excision repair (BER) pathway, also involved in double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair: together with TIMELESS, accumulates at DNA damage sites and promotes homologous recombination repair by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation. Mediates the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of a number of proteins, including itself, APLF and CHFR. In addition to proteins, also able to ADP-ribosylate DNA: catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of DNA strand break termini containing terminal phosphates and a 2'-OH group in single- and double-stranded DNA, respectively. Required for PARP9 and DTX3L recruitment to DNA damage sites . PARP1-dependent PARP9-DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination promotes the rapid and specific recruitment of 53BP1/TP53BP1, UIMC1/RAP80, and BRCA1 to DNA damage sites. Acts as a regulator of transcription: positively regulates the transcription of MTUS1 and negatively regulates the transcription of MTUS2/TIP150. Plays a role in the positive regulation of IFNG transcription in T-helper 1 cells as part of an IFNG promoter-binding complex with TXK and EEF1A1. Involved in the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus, together with NMNAT1, PARG and NUDT5. Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming. M6ATAR00519 Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase tankyrase-1 (Tankyrase) ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 5; ARTD5; Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 5A; Protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase tankyrase-1; TNKS-1; TRF1-interacting ankyrin-related ADP-ribose polymerase; Tankyrase I; Tankyrase-1; TANK1 TNKS1_HUMAN hsa:8658 HGNC:11941 . ENSG00000173273 8658 Tankyrase Protein coding 8p23.1 MAASRRSQHHHHHHQQQLQPAPGASAPPPPPPPPLSPGLAPGTTPASPTASGLAPFASPRHGLALPEGDGSRDPPDRPRSPDPVDGTSCCSTTSTICTVAAAPVVPAVSTSSAAGVAPNPAGSGSNNSPSSSSSPTSSSSSSPSSPGSSLAESPEAAGVSSTAPLGPGAAGPGTGVPAVSGALRELLEACRNGDVSRVKRLVDAANVNAKDMAGRKSSPLHFAAGFGRKDVVEHLLQMGANVHARDDGGLIPLHNACSFGHAEVVSLLLCQGADPNARDNWNYTPLHEAAIKGKIDVCIVLLQHGADPNIRNTDGKSALDLADPSAKAVLTGEYKKDELLEAARSGNEEKLMALLTPLNVNCHASDGRKSTPLHLAAGYNRVRIVQLLLQHGADVHAKDKGGLVPLHNACSYGHYEVTELLLKHGACVNAMDLWQFTPLHEAASKNRVEVCSLLLSHGADPTLVNCHGKSAVDMAPTPELRERLTYEFKGHSLLQAAREADLAKVKKTLALEIINFKQPQSHETALHCAVASLHPKRKQVTELLLRKGANVNEKNKDFMTPLHVAAERAHNDVMEVLHKHGAKMNALDTLGQTALHRAALAGHLQTCRLLLSYGSDPSIISLQGFTAAQMGNEAVQQILSESTPIRTSDVDYRLLEASKAGDLETVKQLCSSQNVNCRDLEGRHSTPLHFAAGYNRVSVVEYLLHHGADVHAKDKGGLVPLHNACSYGHYEVAELLVRHGASVNVADLWKFTPLHEAAAKGKYEICKLLLKHGADPTKKNRDGNTPLDLVKEGDTDIQDLLRGDAALLDAAKKGCLARVQKLCTPENINCRDTQGRNSTPLHLAAGYNNLEVAEYLLEHGADVNAQDKGGLIPLHNAASYGHVDIAALLIKYNTCVNATDKWAFTPLHEAAQKGRTQLCALLLAHGADPTMKNQEGQTPLDLATADDIRALLIDAMPPEALPTCFKPQATVVSASLISPASTPSCLSAASSIDNLTGPLAELAVGGASNAGDGAAGTERKEGEVAGLDMNISQFLKSLGLEHLRDIFETEQITLDVLADMGHEELKEIGINAYGHRHKLIKGVERLLGGQQGTNPYLTFHCVNQGTILLDLAPEDKEYQSVEEEMQSTIREHRDGGNAGGIFNRYNVIRIQKVVNKKLRERFCHRQKEVSEENHNHHNERMLFHGSPFINAIIHKGFDERHAYIGGMFGAGIYFAENSSKSNQYVYGIGGGTGCPTHKDRSCYICHRQMLFCRVTLGKSFLQFSTMKMAHAPPGHHSVIGRPSVNGLAYAEYVIYRGEQAYPEYLITYQIMKPEAPSQTATAAEQKT ARTD/PARP family Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase involved in various processes such as Wnt signaling pathway, telomere length and vesicle trafficking . Acts as an activator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARsylation) of AXIN1 and AXIN2, 2 key components of the beta-catenin destruction complex: poly-ADP-ribosylated target proteins are recognized by RNF146, which mediates their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Also mediates PARsylation of BLZF1 and CASC3, followed by recruitment of RNF146 and subsequent ubiquitination. Mediates PARsylation of TERF1, thereby contributing to the regulation of telomere length. Involved in centrosome maturation during prometaphase by mediating PARsylation of HEPACAM2/MIKI. May also regulate vesicle trafficking and modulate the subcellular distribution of SLC2A4/GLUT4-vesicles. May be involved in spindle pole assembly through PARsylation of NUMA1. Stimulates 26S proteasome activity. M6ATAR00664 Polycomb complex protein BMI-1 (BMI1) Polycomb group RING finger protein 4; RING finger protein 51 BMI1_HUMAN hsa:100532731 HGNC:1066 . ENSG00000168283 648 BMI1 Protein coding 10p12.2 MHRTTRIKITELNPHLMCVLCGGYFIDATTIIECLHSFCKTCIVRYLETSKYCPICDVQVHKTRPLLNIRSDKTLQDIVYKLVPGLFKNEMKRRRDFYAAHPSADAANGSNEDRGEVADEDKRIITDDEIISLSIEFFDQNRLDRKVNKDKEKSKEEVNDKRYLRCPAAMTVMHLRKFLRSKMDIPNTFQIDVMYEEEPLKDYYTLMDIAYIYTWRRNGPLPLKYRVRPTCKRMKISHQRDGLTNAGELESDSGSDKANSPAGGIPSTSSCLPSPSTPVQSPHPQFPHISSTMNGTSNSPSGNHQSSFANRPRKSSVNGSSATSSG . Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. The complex composed of RNF2, UB2D3 and BMI1 binds nucleosomes, and has activity only with nucleosomal histone H2A. In the PRC1-like complex, regulates the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of RNF2/RING2. M6ATAR00515 Polycomb group protein ASXL1 (Asxl1) Additional sex combs-like protein 1 ASXL1_HUMAN hsa:171023 HGNC:18318 . ENSG00000171456 171023 Asxl1 Protein coding 20q11.21 MKDKQKKKKERTWAEAARLVLENYSDAPMTPKQILQVIEAEGLKEMRSGTSPLACLNAMLHSNSRGGEGLFYKLPGRISLFTLKKDALQWSRHPATVEGEEPEDTADVESCGSNEASTVSGENDVSLDETSSNASCSTESQSRPLSNPRDSYRASSQANKQKKKTGVMLPRVVLTPLKVNGAHVESASGFSGCHADGESGSPSSSSSGSLALGSAAIRGQAEVTQDPAPLLRGFRKPATGQMKRNRGEEIDFETPGSILVNTNLRALINSRTFHALPSHFQQQLLFLLPEVDRQVGTDGLLRLSSSALNNEFFTHAAQSWRERLADGEFTHEMQVRIRQEMEKEKKVEQWKEKFFEDYYGQKLGLTKEESLQQNVGQEEAEIKSGLCVPGESVRIQRGPATRQRDGHFKKRSRPDLRTRARRNLYKKQESEQAGVAKDAKSVASDVPLYKDGEAKTDPAGLSSPHLPGTSSAAPDLEGPEFPVESVASRIQAEPDNLARASASPDRIPSLPQETVDQEPKDQKRKSFEQAASASFPEKKPRLEDRQSFRNTIESVHTEKPQPTKEEPKVPPIRIQLSRIKPPWVVKGQPTYQICPRIIPTTESSCRGWTGARTLADIKARALQVRGARGHHCHREAATTAIGGGGGPGGGGGGATDEGGGRGSSSGDGGEACGHPEPRGGPSTPGKCTSDLQRTQLLPPYPLNGEHTQAGTAMSRARREDLPSLRKEESCLLQRATVGLTDGLGDASQLPVAPTGDQPCQALPLLSSQTSVAERLVEQPQLHPDVRTECESGTTSWESDDEEQGPTVPADNGPIPSLVGDDTLEKGTGQALDSHPTMKDPVNVTPSSTPESSPTDCLQNRAFDDELGLGGSCPPMRESDTRQENLKTKALVSNSSLHWIPIPSNDEVVKQPKPESREHIPSVEPQVGEEWEKAAPTPPALPGDLTAEEGLDPLDSLTSLWTVPSRGGSDSNGSYCQQVDIEKLKINGDSEALSPHGESTDTASDFEGHLTEDSSEADTREAAVTKGSSVDKDEKPNWNQSAPLSKVNGDMRLVTRTDGMVAPQSWVSRVCAVRQKIPDSLLLASTEYQPRAVCLSMPGSSVEATNPLVMQLLQGSLPLEKVLPPAHDDSMSESPQVPLTKDQSHGSLRMGSLHGLGKNSGMVDGSSPSSLRALKEPLLPDSCETGTGLARIEATQAPGAPQKNCKAVPSFDSLHPVTNPITSSRKLEEMDSKEQFSSFSCEDQKEVRAMSQDSNSNAAPGKSPGDLTTSRTPRFSSPNVISFGPEQTGRALGDQSNVTGQGKKLFGSGNVAATLQRPRPADPMPLPAEIPPVFPSGKLGPSTNSMSGGVQTPREDWAPKPHAFVGSVKNEKTFVGGPLKANAENRKATGHSPLELVGHLEGMPFVMDLPFWKLPREPGKGLSEPLEPSSLPSQLSIKQAFYGKLSKLQLSSTSFNYSSSSPTFPKGLAGSVVQLSHKANFGASHSASLSLQMFTDSSTVESISLQCACSLKAMIMCQGCGAFCHDDCIGPSKLCVLCLVVR Asx family Probable Polycomb group (PcG) protein involved in transcriptional regulation mediated by ligand-bound nuclear hormone receptors, such as retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG). Acts as coactivator of RARA and RXRA through association with NCOA1 . Acts as corepressor for PPARG and suppresses its adipocyte differentiation-inducing activity (By similarity). Non-catalytic component of the PR-DUB complex, a complex that specifically mediates deubiquitination of histone H2A monoubiquitinated at 'Lys-119' (H2AK119ub1) . Acts as a sensor of N(6)-methyladenosine methylation on DNA (m6A): recognizes and binds m6A DNA, leading to its ubiquitination and degradation by TRIP12, thereby inactivating the PR-DUB complex and regulating Polycomb silencing. M6ATAR00561 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 6 (KCNH6) Ether-a-go-go-related gene potassium channel 2; ERG-2; Eag-related protein 2; Ether-a-go-go-related protein 2; hERG-2; hERG2; Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv11.2 KCNH6_HUMAN hsa:81033 HGNC:18862 . ENSG00000173826 81033 KCNH6 Protein coding 17q23.3 MPVRRGHVAPQNTYLDTIIRKFEGQSRKFLIANAQMENCAIIYCNDGFCELFGYSRVEVMQQPCTCDFLTGPNTPSSAVSRLAQALLGAEECKVDILYYRKDASSFRCLVDVVPVKNEDGAVIMFILNFEDLAQLLAKCSSRSLSQRLLSQSFLGSEGSHGRPGGPGPGTGRGKYRTISQIPQFTLNFVEFNLEKHRSSSTTEIEIIAPHKVVERTQNVTEKVTQVLSLGADVLPEYKLQAPRIHRWTILHYSPFKAVWDWLILLLVIYTAVFTPYSAAFLLSDQDESRRGACSYTCSPLTVVDLIVDIMFVVDIVINFRTTYVNTNDEVVSHPRRIAVHYFKGWFLIDMVAAIPFDLLIFRTGSDETTTLIGLLKTARLLRLVRVARKLDRYSEYGAAVLFLLMCTFALIAHWLACIWYAIGNVERPYLEHKIGWLDSLGVQLGKRYNGSDPASGPSVQDKYVTALYFTFSSLTSVGFGNVSPNTNSEKVFSICVMLIGSLMYASIFGNVSAIIQRLYSGTARYHTQMLRVKEFIRFHQIPNPLRQRLEEYFQHAWSYTNGIDMNAVLKGFPECLQADICLHLHRALLQHCPAFSGAGKGCLRALAVKFKTTHAPPGDTLVHLGDVLSTLYFISRGSIEILRDDVVVAILGKNDIFGEPVSLHAQPGKSSADVRALTYCDLHKIQRADLLEVLDMYPAFAESFWSKLEVTFNLRDAAGGLHSSPRQAPGSQDHQGFFLSDNQSGSPHELGPQFPSKGYSLLGPGSQNSMGAGPCAPGHPDAAPPLSISDASGLWPELLQEMPPRHSPQSPQEDPDCWPLKLGSRLEQLQAQMNRLESRVSSDLSRILQLLQKPMPQGHASYILEAPASNDLALVPIASETTSPGPRLPQGFLPPAQTPSYGDLDDCSPKHRNSSPRMPHLAVATDKTLAPSSEQEQPEGLWPPLASPLHPLEVQGLICGPCFSSLPEHLGSVPKQLDFQRHGSDPGFAGSWGH Potassium channel family, H (Eag) (TC 1.A.1.20) subfamily, Kv11.2/KCNH6 sub-subfamily Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated potassium channel. Elicits a slowly activating, rectifying current (By similarity). Channel properties may be modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly. M6ATAR00022 POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 (POU5F1) Octamer-binding protein 3; Oct-3; Octamer-binding protein 4; Oct-4; Octamer-binding transcription factor 3; OTF-3; OCT3; OCT4; OTF3 PO5F1_HUMAN hsa:5460 HGNC:9221 . ENSG00000206454; ENSG00000229094; ENSG00000235068; ENSG00000237582; ENSG00000230336; ENSG00000233911; ENSG00000204531 5460 POU5F1 Protein coding 6p21.33 MAGHLASDFAFSPPPGGGGDGPGGPEPGWVDPRTWLSFQGPPGGPGIGPGVGPGSEVWGIPPCPPPYEFCGGMAYCGPQVGVGLVPQGGLETSQPEGEAGVGVESNSDGASPEPCTVTPGAVKLEKEKLEQNPEESQDIKALQKELEQFAKLLKQKRITLGYTQADVGLTLGVLFGKVFSQTTICRFEALQLSFKNMCKLRPLLQKWVEEADNNENLQEICKAETLVQARKRKRTSIENRVRGNLENLFLQCPKPTLQQISHIAQQLGLEKDVVRVWFCNRRQKGKRSSSDYAQREDFEAAGSPFSGGPVSFPLAPGPHFGTPGYGSPHFTALYSSVPFPEGEAFPPVSVTTLGSPMHSN POU transcription factor family; Class-5 subfamily Transcription factor that binds to the octamer motif (5'-ATTTGCAT-3'). Forms a trimeric complex with SOX2 or SOX15 on DNA and controls the expression of a number of genes involved in embryonic development such as YES1, FGF4, UTF1 and ZFP206. Critical for early embryogenesis and for embryonic stem cell pluripotency. M6ATAR00004 p-P70 . . . . . . . p-P70 Protein coding . . . . M6ATAR00373 PPAR-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1a/PPARGC1A) PGC-1-alpha; PPAR-gamma coactivator 1-alpha; PPARGC-1-alpha; Ligand effect modulator 6; LEM6; PGC1; PGC1A; PPARGC1 PRGC1_HUMAN hsa:10891 HGNC:9237 . ENSG00000109819 10891 PPARGC1A Protein coding 4p15.2 MAWDMCNQDSESVWSDIECAALVGEDQPLCPDLPELDLSELDVNDLDTDSFLGGLKWCSDQSEIISNQYNNEPSNIFEKIDEENEANLLAVLTETLDSLPVDEDGLPSFDALTDGDVTTDNEASPSSMPDGTPPPQEAEEPSLLKKLLLAPANTQLSYNECSGLSTQNHANHNHRIRTNPAIVKTENSWSNKAKSICQQQKPQRRPCSELLKYLTTNDDPPHTKPTENRNSSRDKCTSKKKSHTQSQSQHLQAKPTTLSLPLTPESPNDPKGSPFENKTIERTLSVELSGTAGLTPPTTPPHKANQDNPFRASPKLKSSCKTVVPPPSKKPRYSESSGTQGNNSTKKGPEQSELYAQLSKSSVLTGGHEERKTKRPSLRLFGDHDYCQSINSKTEILINISQELQDSRQLENKDVSSDWQGQICSSTDSDQCYLRETLEASKQVSPCSTRKQLQDQEIRAELNKHFGHPSQAVFDDEADKTGELRDSDFSNEQFSKLPMFINSGLAMDGLFDDSEDESDKLSYPWDGTQSYSLFNVSPSCSSFNSPCRDSVSPPKSLFSQRPQRMRSRSRSFSRHRSCSRSPYSRSRSRSPGSRSSSRSCYYYESSHYRHRTHRNSPLYVRSRSRSPYSRRPRYDSYEEYQHERLKREEYRREYEKRESERAKQRERQRQKAIEERRVIYVGKIRPDTTRTELRDRFEVFGEIEECTVNLRDDGDSYGFITYRYTCDAFAALENGYTLRRSNETDFELYFCGRKQFFKSNYADLDSNSDDFDPASTKSKYDSLDFDSLLKEAQRSLRR . Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Induces the expression of PERM1 in the skeletal muscle in an ESRRA-dependent manner. Also involved in the integration of the circadian rhythms and energy metabolism. Required for oscillatory expression of clock genes, such as ARNTL/BMAL1 and NR1D1, through the coactivation of RORA and RORC, and metabolic genes, such as PDK4 and PEPCK. M6ATAR00564 PR domain zinc finger protein 2 (PRDM2) GATA-3-binding protein G3B; Lysine N-methyltransferase 8; MTB-ZF; MTE-binding protein; PR domain-containing protein 2; Retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger protein; Zinc finger protein RIZ PRDM2_HUMAN hsa:7799 HGNC:9347 . ENSG00000116731 7799 PRDM2 Protein coding 1p36.21 MNQNTTEPVAATETLAEVPEHVLRGLPEEVRLFPSAVDKTRIGVWATKPILKGKKFGPFVGDKKKRSQVKNNVYMWEVYYPNLGWMCIDATDPEKGNWLRYVNWACSGEEQNLFPLEINRAIYYKTLKPIAPGEELLVWYNGEDNPEIAAAIEEERASARSKRSSPKSRKGKKKSQENKNKGNKIQDIQLKTSEPDFTSANMRDSAEGPKEDEEKPSASALEQPATLQEVASQEVPPELATPAPAWEPQPEPDERLEAAACEVNDLGEEEEEEEEEDEEEEEDDDDDELEDEGEEEASMPNENSVKEPEIRCDEKPEDLLEEPKTTSEETLEDCSEVTPAMQIPRTKEEANGDVFETFMFPCQHCERKFTTKQGLERHMHIHISTVNHAFKCKYCGKAFGTQINRRRHERRHEAGLKRKPSQTLQPSEDLADGKASGENVASKDDSSPPSLGPDCLIMNSEKASQDTINSSVVEENGEVKELHPCKYCKKVFGTHTNMRRHQRRVHERHLIPKGVRRKGGLEEPQPPAEQAQATQNVYVPSTEPEEEGEADDVYIMDISSNISENLNYYIDGKIQTNNNTSNCDVIEMESASADLYGINCLLTPVTVEITQNIKTTQVPVTEDLPKEPLGSTNSEAKKRRTASPPALPKIKAETDSDPMVPSCSLSLPLSISTTEAVSFHKEKSVYLSSKLKQLLQTQDKLTPAGISATEIAKLGPVCVSAPASMLPVTSSRFKRRTSSPPSSPQHSPALRDFGKPSDGKAAWTDAGLTSKKSKLESHSDSPAWSLSGRDERETVSPPCFDEYKMSKEWTASSAFSSVCNQQPLDLSSGVKQKAEGTGKTPVQWESVLDLSVHKKHCSDSEGKEFKESHSVQPTCSAVKKRKPTTCMLQKVLLNEYNGIDLPVENPADGTRSPSPCKSLEAQPDPDLGPGSGFPAPTVESTPDVCPSSPALQTPSLSSGQLPPLLIPTDPSSPPPCPPVLTVATPPPPLLPTVPLPAPSSSASPHPCPSPLSNATAQSPLPILSPTVSPSPSPIPPVEPLMSAASPGPPTLSSSSSSSSSSSSFSSSSSSSSPSPPPLSAISSVVSSGDNLEASLPMISFKQEELENEGLKPREEPQSAAEQDVVVQETFNKNFVCNVCESPFLSIKDLTKHLSIHAEEWPFKCEFCVQLFKDKTDLSEHRFLLHGVGNIFVCSVCKKEFAFLCNLQQHQRDLHPDKVCTHHEFESGTLRPQNFTDPSKAHVEHMQSLPEDPLETSKEEEELNDSSEELYTTIKIMASGIKTKDPDVRLGLNQHYPSFKPPPFQYHHRNPMGIGVTATNFTTHNIPQTFTTAIRCTKCGKGVDNMPELHKHILACASASDKKRYTPKKNPVPLKQTVQPKNGVVVLDNSGKNAFRRMGQPKRLNFSVELSKMSSNKLKLNALKKKNQLVQKAILQKNKSAKQKADLKNACESSSHICPYCNREFTYIGSLNKHAAFSCPKKPLSPPKKKVSHSSKKGGHSSPASSDKNSNSNHRRRTADAEIKMQSMQTPLGKTRARSSGPTQVPLPSSSFRSKQNVKFAASVKSKKPSSSSLRNSSPIRMAKITHVEGKKPKAVAKNHSAQLSSKTSRSLHVRVQKSKAVLQSKSTLASKKRTDRFNIKSRERSGGPVTRSLQLAAAADLSENKREDGSAKQELKDFSYSLRLASRCSPPAAPYITRQYRKVKAPAAAQFQGPFFKE Class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent histone methyltransferase that specifically methylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3. May function as a DNA-binding transcription factor. Binds to the macrophage-specific TPA-responsive element (MTE) of the HMOX1 (heme oxygenase 1) gene and may act as a transcriptional activator of this gene. M6ATAR00253 Pre-mRNA-splicing regulator WTAP (WTAP) Female-lethal(2)D homolog; hFL(2)D; WT1-associated protein; Wilms tumor 1-associating protein; KIAA0105 FL2D_HUMAN hsa:9589 HGNC:16846 . ENSG00000146457 9589 WTAP Protein coding 6q25.3 MTNEEPLPKKVRLSETDFKVMARDELILRWKQYEAYVQALEGKYTDLNSNDVTGLRESEEKLKQQQQESARRENILVMRLATKEQEMQECTTQIQYLKQVQQPSVAQLRSTMVDPAINLFFLKMKGELEQTKDKLEQAQNELSAWKFTPDSQTGKKLMAKCRMLIQENQELGRQLSQGRIAQLEAELALQKKYSEELKSSQDELNDFIIQLDEEVEGMQSTILVLQQQLKETRQQLAQYQQQQSQASAPSTSRTTASEPVEQSEATSKDCSRLTNGPSNGSSSRQRTSGSGFHREGNTTEDDFPSSPGNGNKSSNSSEERTGRGGSGYVNQLSAGYESVDSPTGSENSLTHQSNDTDSSHDPQEEKAVSGKGNRTVGSRHVQNGLDSSVNVQGSVL fl(2)d family Associated component of the WMM complex, a complex that mediates N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of RNAs, a modification that plays a role in the efficiency of mRNA splicing and RNA processing. Required for accumulation of METTL3 and METTL14 to nuclear speckle. Acts as a mRNA splicing regulator. Regulates G2/M cell-cycle transition by binding to the 3' UTR of CCNA2, which enhances its stability. Impairs WT1 DNA-binding ability and inhibits expression of WT1 target genes. M6ATAR00632 pri-miR-10a . . . . . . . pri-miR-10a microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00623 pri-miR-143 . . . . . . . pri-miR-143 microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00789 pri-miR-221 . . . . . . . pri-miR-221 microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00790 pri-miR-222 . . . . . . . pri-miR-222 microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00636 pri-miR-27 . . . . . . . pri-miR-27 microRNA . . . . M6ATAR00712 Pro-epidermal growth factor (EGF) EGF EGF_HUMAN hsa:1950 HGNC:3229 . ENSG00000138798 1950 EGF Protein coding 4q25 MLLTLIILLPVVSKFSFVSLSAPQHWSCPEGTLAGNGNSTCVGPAPFLIFSHGNSIFRIDTEGTNYEQLVVDAGVSVIMDFHYNEKRIYWVDLERQLLQRVFLNGSRQERVCNIEKNVSGMAINWINEEVIWSNQQEGIITVTDMKGNNSHILLSALKYPANVAVDPVERFIFWSSEVAGSLYRADLDGVGVKALLETSEKITAVSLDVLDKRLFWIQYNREGSNSLICSCDYDGGSVHISKHPTQHNLFAMSLFGDRIFYSTWKMKTIWIANKHTGKDMVRINLHSSFVPLGELKVVHPLAQPKAEDDTWEPEQKLCKLRKGNCSSTVCGQDLQSHLCMCAEGYALSRDRKYCEDVNECAFWNHGCTLGCKNTPGSYYCTCPVGFVLLPDGKRCHQLVSCPRNVSECSHDCVLTSEGPLCFCPEGSVLERDGKTCSGCSSPDNGGCSQLCVPLSPVSWECDCFPGYDLQLDEKSCAASGPQPFLLFANSQDIRHMHFDGTDYGTLLSQQMGMVYALDHDPVENKIYFAHTALKWIERANMDGSQRERLIEEGVDVPEGLAVDWIGRRFYWTDRGKSLIGRSDLNGKRSKIITKENISQPRGIAVHPMAKRLFWTDTGINPRIESSSLQGLGRLVIASSDLIWPSGITIDFLTDKLYWCDAKQSVIEMANLDGSKRRRLTQNDVGHPFAVAVFEDYVWFSDWAMPSVMRVNKRTGKDRVRLQGSMLKPSSLVVVHPLAKPGADPCLYQNGGCEHICKKRLGTAWCSCREGFMKASDGKTCLALDGHQLLAGGEVDLKNQVTPLDILSKTRVSEDNITESQHMLVAEIMVSDQDDCAPVGCSMYARCISEGEDATCQCLKGFAGDGKLCSDIDECEMGVPVCPPASSKCINTEGGYVCRCSEGYQGDGIHCLDIDECQLGEHSCGENASCTNTEGGYTCMCAGRLSEPGLICPDSTPPPHLREDDHHYSVRNSDSECPLSHDGYCLHDGVCMYIEALDKYACNCVVGYIGERCQYRDLKWWELRHAGHGQQQKVIVVAVCVVVLVMLLLLSLWGAHYYRTQKLLSKNPKNPYEESSRDVRSRRPADTEDGMSSCPQPWFVVIKEHQDLKNGGQPVAGEDGQAADGSMQPTSWRQEPQLCGMGTEQGCWIPVSSDKGSCPQVMERSFHMPSYGTQTLEGGVEKPHSLLSANPLWQQRALDPPHQMELTQ . EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6. Can induce neurite outgrowth in motoneurons of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis in vitro. M6ATAR00796 Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) Programmed cell death protein 1; Protein PD-1; hPD-1; CD279 PDCD1_HUMAN hsa:5133 HGNC:8760 . ENSG00000188389 5133 PDCD1 Protein coding 2q37.3 MQIPQAPWPVVWAVLQLGWRPGWFLDSPDRPWNPPTFSPALLVVTEGDNATFTCSFSNTSESFVLNWYRMSPSNQTDKLAAFPEDRSQPGQDCRFRVTQLPNGRDFHMSVVRARRNDSGTYLCGAISLAPKAQIKESLRAELRVTERRAEVPTAHPSPSPRPAGQFQTLVVGVVGGLLGSLVLLVWVLAVICSRAARGTIGARRTGQPLKEDPSAVPVFSVDYGELDFQWREKTPEPPVPCVPEQTEYATIVFPSGMGTSSPARRGSADGPRSAQPLRPEDGHCSWPL . Inhibitory receptor on antigen activated T-cells that plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self. Delivers inhibitory signals upon binding to ligands CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2. Following T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement, PDCD1 associates with CD3-TCR in the immunological synapse and directly inhibits T-cell activation (By similarity). Suppresses T-cell activation through the recruitment of PTPN11/SHP-2: following ligand-binding, PDCD1 is phosphorylated within the ITSM motif, leading to the recruitment of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN11/SHP-2 that mediates dephosphorylation of key TCR proximal signaling molecules, such as ZAP70, PRKCQ/PKCtheta and CD247/CD3zeta (By similarity). The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival. The interaction with CD274/PDCD1L1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function. The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy. M6ATAR00360 Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (CD274/PD-L1) . PD1L1_HUMAN hsa:29126 HGNC:17635 . ENSG00000120217 29126 CD274 Protein coding 9p24.1 MRIFAVFIFMTYWHLLNAFTVTVPKDLYVVEYGSNMTIECKFPVEKQLDLAALIVYWEMEDKNIIQFVHGEEDLKVQHSSYRQRARLLKDQLSLGNAALQITDVKLQDAGVYRCMISYGGADYKRITVKVNAPYNKINQRILVVDPVTSEHELTCQAEGYPKAEVIWTSSDHQVLSGKTTTTNSKREEKLFNVTSTLRINTTTNEIFYCTFRRLDPEENHTAELVIPELPLAHPPNERTHLVILGAILLCLGVALTFIFRLRKGRMMDVKKCGIQDTNSKKQSDTHLEET immunoglobulin superfamily; BTN/MOG family Plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self. As a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1, modulates the activation threshold of T-cells and limits T-cell effector response . Through a yet unknown activating receptor, may costimulate T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10); The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival. The interaction with PDCD1/PD-1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function (By similarity). The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy (By similarity). M6ATAR00512 Proliferation-associated protein 2G4 (PA2G4) Cell cycle protein p38-2G4 homolog; hG4-1; ErbB3-binding protein 1 PA2G4_HUMAN hsa:5036 HGNC:8550 . ENSG00000170515 5036 PA2G4 Protein coding 12q13.2 MSGEDEQQEQTIAEDLVVTKYKMGGDIANRVLRSLVEASSSGVSVLSLCEKGDAMIMEETGKIFKKEKEMKKGIAFPTSISVNNCVCHFSPLKSDQDYILKEGDLVKIDLGVHVDGFIANVAHTFVVDVAQGTQVTGRKADVIKAAHLCAEAALRLVKPGNQNTQVTEAWNKVAHSFNCTPIEGMLSHQLKQHVIDGEKTIIQNPTDQQKKDHEKAEFEVHEVYAVDVLVSSGEGKAKDAGQRTTIYKRDPSKQYGLKMKTSRAFFSEVERRFDAMPFTLRAFEDEKKARMGVVECAKHELLQPFNVLYEKEGEFVAQFKFTVLLMPNGPMRITSGPFEPDLYKSEMEVQDAELKALLQSSASRKTQKKKKKKASKTAENATSGETLEENEAGD Peptidase M24 family May play a role in a ERBB3-regulated signal transduction pathway. Seems be involved in growth regulation. Acts a corepressor of the androgen receptor (AR) and is regulated by the ERBB3 ligand neuregulin-1/heregulin (HRG). Inhibits transcription of some E2F1-regulated promoters, probably by recruiting histone acetylase (HAT) activity. Binds RNA. Associates with 28S, 18S and 5.8S mature rRNAs, several rRNA precursors and probably U3 small nucleolar RNA. May be involved in regulation of intermediate and late steps of rRNA processing. May be involved in ribosome assembly. Mediates cap-independent translation of specific viral IRESs (internal ribosomal entry site) (By similarity). Regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Isoform 1 suppresses apoptosis whereas isoform 2 promotes cell differentiation (By similarity). M6ATAR00618 Proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 (AKT1S1) 40 kDa proline-rich AKT substrate AKTS1_HUMAN hsa:84335 HGNC:28426 . ENSG00000204673 84335 AKT1S1 Protein coding 19q13.33 MASGRPEELWEAVVGAAERFRARTGTELVLLTAAPPPPPRPGPCAYAAHGRGALAEAARRCLHDIALAHRAATAARPPAPPPAPQPPSPTPSPPRPTLAREDNEEDEDEPTETETSGEQLGISDNGGLFVMDEDATLQDLPPFCESDPESTDDGSLSEETPAGPPTCSVPPASALPTQQYAKSLPVSVPVWGFKEKRTEARSSDEENGPPSSPDLDRIAASMRALVLREAEDTQVFGDLPRPRLNTSDFQKLKRKY . Subunit of mTORC1, which regulates cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino acids. Growth factor-stimulated mTORC1 activation involves a AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of TSC1-TSC2, which leads to the activation of the RHEB GTPase that potently activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Amino acid-signaling to mTORC1 requires its relocalization to the lysosomes mediated by the Ragulator complex and the Rag GTPases. Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. mTORC1 phosphorylates EIF4EBP1 and releases it from inhibiting the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E). mTORC1 phosphorylates and activates S6K1 at 'Thr-389', which then promotes protein synthesis by phosphorylating PDCD4 and targeting it for degradation. Within mTORC1, AKT1S1 negatively regulates mTOR activity in a manner that is dependent on its phosphorylation state and binding to 14-3-3 proteins. Inhibits RHEB-GTP-dependent mTORC1 activation. Substrate for AKT1 phosphorylation, but can also be activated by AKT1-independent mechanisms. May also play a role in nerve growth factor-mediated neuroprotection. M6ATAR00689 Prominin-1 (CD133) Antigen AC133; Prominin-like protein 1; CD133 PROM1_HUMAN hsa:8842 HGNC:9454 . ENSG00000007062 8842 CD133 Protein coding 4p15.32 MALVLGSLLLLGLCGNSFSGGQPSSTDAPKAWNYELPATNYETQDSHKAGPIGILFELVHIFLYVVQPRDFPEDTLRKFLQKAYESKIDYDKPETVILGLKIVYYEAGIILCCVLGLLFIILMPLVGYFFCMCRCCNKCGGEMHQRQKENGPFLRKCFAISLLVICIIISIGIFYGFVANHQVRTRIKRSRKLADSNFKDLRTLLNETPEQIKYILAQYNTTKDKAFTDLNSINSVLGGGILDRLRPNIIPVLDEIKSMATAIKETKEALENMNSTLKSLHQQSTQLSSSLTSVKTSLRSSLNDPLCLVHPSSETCNSIRLSLSQLNSNPELRQLPPVDAELDNVNNVLRTDLDGLVQQGYQSLNDIPDRVQRQTTTVVAGIKRVLNSIGSDIDNVTQRLPIQDILSAFSVYVNNTESYIHRNLPTLEEYDSYWWLGGLVICSLLTLIVIFYYLGLLCGVCGYDRHATPTTRGCVSNTGGVFLMVGVGLSFLFCWILMIIVVLTFVFGANVEKLICEPYTSKELFRVLDTPYLLNEDWEYYLSGKLFNKSKMKLTFEQVYSDCKKNRGTYGTLHLQNSFNISEHLNINEHTGSISSELESLKVNLNIFLLGAAGRKNLQDFAACGIDRMNYDSYLAQTGKSPAGVNLLSFAYDLEAKANSLPPGNLRNSLKRDAQTIKTIHQQRVLPIEQSLSTLYQSVKILQRTGNGLLERVTRILASLDFAQNFITNNTSSVIIEETKKYGRTIIGYFEHYLQWIEFSISEKVASCKPVATALDTAVDVFLCSYIIDPLNLFWFGIGKATVFLLPALIFAVKLAKYYRRMDSEDVYDDVETIPMKNMENGNNGYHKDHVYGIHNPVMTSPSQH Prominin family May play a role in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Binds cholesterol in cholesterol-containing plasma membrane microdomains and may play a role in the organization of the apical plasma membrane in epithelial cells. During early retinal development acts as a key regulator of disk morphogenesis. Involved in regulation of MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. In neuroblastoma cells suppresses cell differentiation such as neurite outgrowth in a RET-dependent manner. M6ATAR00365 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (Coll X/PTGS2) Cyclooxygenase-2; COX-2; PHS II; Prostaglandin H2 synthase 2; PGH synthase 2; PGHS-2; Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; COX2 PGH2_HUMAN hsa:5743 HGNC:9605 . ENSG00000073756 5743 PTGS2 Protein coding 1q31.1 MLARALLLCAVLALSHTANPCCSHPCQNRGVCMSVGFDQYKCDCTRTGFYGENCSTPEFLTRIKLFLKPTPNTVHYILTHFKGFWNVVNNIPFLRNAIMSYVLTSRSHLIDSPPTYNADYGYKSWEAFSNLSYYTRALPPVPDDCPTPLGVKGKKQLPDSNEIVEKLLLRRKFIPDPQGSNMMFAFFAQHFTHQFFKTDHKRGPAFTNGLGHGVDLNHIYGETLARQRKLRLFKDGKMKYQIIDGEMYPPTVKDTQAEMIYPPQVPEHLRFAVGQEVFGLVPGLMMYATIWLREHNRVCDVLKQEHPEWGDEQLFQTSRLILIGETIKIVIEDYVQHLSGYHFKLKFDPELLFNKQFQYQNRIAAEFNTLYHWHPLLPDTFQIHDQKYNYQQFIYNNSILLEHGITQFVESFTRQIAGRVAGGRNVPPAVQKVSQASIDQSRQMKYQSFNEYRKRFMLKPYESFEELTGEKEMSAELEALYGDIDAVELYPALLVEKPRPDAIFGETMVEVGAPFSLKGLMGNVICSPAYWKPSTFGGEVGFQIINTASIQSLICNNVKGCPFTSFSVPDPELIKTVTINASSSRSGLDDINPTVLLKERSTEL prostaglandin G/H synthase family Dual cyclooxygenase and peroxidase in the biosynthesis pathway of prostanoids, a class of C20 oxylipins mainly derived from arachidonate, with a particular role in the inflammatory response. The cyclooxygenase activity oxygenates arachidonate (AA, C20:4(n-6)) to the hydroperoxy endoperoxide prostaglandin G2 (PGG2), and the peroxidase activity reduces PGG2 to the hydroxy endoperoxide PGH2, the precursor of all 2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This complex transformation is initiated by abstraction of hydrogen at carbon 13 (with S-stereochemistry), followed by insertion of molecular O2 to form the endoperoxide bridge between carbon 9 and 11 that defines prostaglandins. The insertion of a second molecule of O2 (bis-oxygenase activity) yields a hydroperoxy group in PGG2 that is then reduced to PGH2 by two electrons . Similarly catalyzes successive cyclooxygenation and peroxidation of dihomo-gamma-linoleate (DGLA, C20:3(n-6)) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA, C20:5(n-3)) to corresponding PGH1 and PGH3, the precursors of 1- and 3-series prostaglandins. In an alternative pathway of prostanoid biosynthesis, converts 2-arachidonoyl lysophopholipids to prostanoid lysophopholipids, which are then hydrolyzed by intracellular phospholipases to release free prostanoids. Metabolizes 2-arachidonoyl glycerol yielding the glyceryl ester of PGH2, a process that can contribute to pain response. Generates lipid mediators from n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via a lipoxygenase-type mechanism. Oxygenates PUFAs to hydroperoxy compounds and then reduces them to corresponding alcohols . Plays a role in the generation of resolution phase interaction products (resolvins) during both sterile and infectious inflammation. Metabolizes docosahexaenoate (DHA, C22:6(n-3)) to 17R-HDHA, a precursor of the D-series resolvins (RvDs). As a component of the biosynthetic pathway of E-series resolvins (RvEs), converts eicosapentaenoate (EPA, C20:5(n-3)) primarily to 18S-HEPE that is further metabolized by ALOX5 and LTA4H to generate 18S-RvE1 and 18S-RvE2. In vascular endothelial cells, converts docosapentaenoate (DPA, C22:5(n-3)) to 13R-HDPA, a precursor for 13-series resolvins (RvTs) shown to activate macrophage phagocytosis during bacterial infection . In activated leukocytes, contributes to oxygenation of hydroxyeicosatetraenoates (HETE) to diHETES (5,15-diHETE and 5,11-diHETE). During neuroinflammation, plays a role in neuronal secretion of specialized preresolving mediators (SPMs) 15R-lipoxin A4 that regulates phagocytic microglia (By similarity). M6ATAR00496 Prostate cancer associated transcript 6 (PCAT6) ncRNA-a2; PCAN-R1; KDM5BAS1; onco-lncRNA-96prostate cancer-associated noncoding RNA 1KDM5B-AS1 . . HGNC:43714 . ENSG00000228288 100506696 PCAT6 LncRNA 1q32.1 . . . M6ATAR00474 Protein AATF (AATF/CHE1) Apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor; Rb-binding protein Che-1; CHE1; DED; HSPC277 AATF_HUMAN hsa:26574 HGNC:19235 . ENSG00000275700; ENSG00000276072 . AATF Protein coding . MAGPQPLALQLEQLLNPRPSEADPEADPEEATAARVIDRFDEGEDGEGDFLVVGSIRKLASASLLDTDKRYCGKTTSRKAWNEDHWEQTLPGSSDEEISDEEGSGDEDSEGLGLEEYDEDDLGAAEEQECGDHRESKKSRSHSAKTPGFSVQSISDFEKFTKGMDDLGSSEEEEDEESGMEEGDDAEDSQGESEEDRAGDRNSEDDGVVMTFSSVKVSEEVEKGRAVKNQIALWDQLLEGRIKLQKALLTTNQLPQPDVFPLFKDKGGPEFSSALKNSHKALKALLRSLVGLQEELLFQYPDTRYLVDGTKPNAGSEEISSEDDELVEEKKQQRRRVPAKRKLEMEDYPSFMAKRFADFTVYRNRTLQKWHDKTKLASGKLGKGFGAFERSILTQIDHILMDKERLLRRTQTKRSVYRVLGKPEPAAQPVPESLPGEPEILPQAPANAHLKDLDEEIFDDDDFYHQLLRELIERKTSSLDPNDQVAMGRQWLAIQKLRSKIHKKVDRKASKGRKLRFHVLSKLLSFMAPIDHTTMNDDARTELYRSLFGQLHPPDEGHGD AATF family. {ECO:0000305}. May function as a general inhibitor of the histone deacetylase HDAC1. Binding to the pocket region of RB1 may displace HDAC1 from RB1/E2F complexes, leading to activation of E2F target genes and cell cycle progression. Conversely, displacement of HDAC1 from SP1 bound to the CDKN1A promoter leads to increased expression of this CDK inhibitor and blocks cell cycle progression. Also antagonizes PAWR mediated induction of aberrant amyloid peptide production in Alzheimer disease (presenile and senile dementia), although the molecular basis for this phenomenon has not been described to date. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12450794, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12847090, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14627703, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15207272}. M6ATAR00178 Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) Histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT1; Interferon receptor 1-bound protein 4; HMT2; HRMT1L2; IR1B4 ANM1_HUMAN hsa:3276 HGNC:5187 . ENSG00000126457 3276 PRMT1 Protein coding 19q13.33 MAAAEAANCIMENFVATLANGMSLQPPLEEVSCGQAESSEKPNAEDMTSKDYYFDSYAHFGIHEEMLKDEVRTLTYRNSMFHNRHLFKDKVVLDVGSGTGILCMFAAKAGARKVIGIECSSISDYAVKIVKANKLDHVVTIIKGKVEEVELPVEKVDIIISEWMGYCLFYESMLNTVLYARDKWLAPDGLIFPDRATLYVTAIEDRQYKDYKIHWWENVYGFDMSCIKDVAIKEPLVDVVDPKQLVTNACLIKEVDIYTVKVEDLTFTSPFCLQVKRNDYVHALVAYFNIEFTRCHKRTGFSTSPESPYTHWKQTVFYMEDYLTVKTGEEIFGTIGMRPNAKNNRDLDFTIDLDFKGQLCELSCSTDYRMR class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily; Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family Arginine methyltransferase that methylates (mono and asymmetric dimethylation) the guanidino nitrogens of arginyl residues present in proteins such as ESR1, histone H2, H3 and H4, ILF3, HNRNPA1, HNRNPD, NFATC2IP, SUPT5H, TAF15, EWS, HABP4, SERBP1, RBM15, FOXO1, CHTOP and MAP3K5/ASK1. Constitutes the main enzyme that mediates monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of histone H4 'Arg-4' (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. May be involved in the regulation of TAF15 transcriptional activity, act as an activator of estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated transactivation, play a key role in neurite outgrowth and act as a negative regulator of megakaryocytic differentiation, by modulating p38 MAPK pathway. Methylates RBM15, promoting ubiquitination and degradation of RBM15. Methylates FOXO1 and retains it in the nucleus increasing its transcriptional activity. Methylates CHTOP and this methylation is critical for its 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC)-binding activity. Methylates MAP3K5/ASK1 at 'Arg-78' and 'Arg-80' which promotes association of MAP3K5 with thioredoxin and negatively regulates MAP3K5 association with TRAF2, inhibiting MAP3K5 stimulation and MAP3K5-induced activation of JNK. Methylates H4R3 in genes involved in glioblastomagenesis in a CHTOP- and/or TET1-dependent manner. Plays a role in regulating alternative splicing in the heart (By similarity). M6ATAR00684 Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) PRMT5; 72 kDa ICln-binding protein; Histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT5; Jak-binding protein 1; Shk1 kinase-binding protein 1 homolog; SKB1 homolog; SKB1Hs ANM5_HUMAN hsa:10419 HGNC:10894 . ENSG00000100462 10419 PRMT5 Protein coding 14q11.2 MAAMAVGGAGGSRVSSGRDLNCVPEIADTLGAVAKQGFDFLCMPVFHPRFKREFIQEPAKNRPGPQTRSDLLLSGRDWNTLIVGKLSPWIRPDSKVEKIRRNSEAAMLQELNFGAYLGLPAFLLPLNQEDNTNLARVLTNHIHTGHHSSMFWMRVPLVAPEDLRDDIIENAPTTHTEEYSGEEKTWMWWHNFRTLCDYSKRIAVALEIGADLPSNHVIDRWLGEPIKAAILPTSIFLTNKKGFPVLSKMHQRLIFRLLKLEVQFIITGTNHHSEKEFCSYLQYLEYLSQNRPPPNAYELFAKGYEDYLQSPLQPLMDNLESQTYEVFEKDPIKYSQYQQAIYKCLLDRVPEEEKDTNVQVLMVLGAGRGPLVNASLRAAKQADRRIKLYAVEKNPNAVVTLENWQFEEWGSQVTVVSSDMREWVAPEKADIIVSELLGSFADNELSPECLDGAQHFLKDDGVSIPGEYTSFLAPISSSKLYNEVRACREKDRDPEAQFEMPYVVRLHNFHQLSAPQPCFTFSHPNRDPMIDNNRYCTLEFPVEVNTVLHGFAGYFETVLYQDITLSIRPETHSPGMFSWFPILFPIKQPITVREGQTICVRFWRCSNSKKVWYEWAVTAPVCSAIHNPTGRSYTIGL Class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily, Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family Arginine methyltransferase that can both catalyze the formation of omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (sDMA), with a preference for the formation of MMA . Specifically mediates the symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues in the small nuclear ribonucleoproteins Sm D1 (SNRPD1) and Sm D3 (SNRPD3); such methylation being required for the assembly and biogenesis of snRNP core particles. Methylates SUPT5H and may regulate its transcriptional elongation properties. Mono- and dimethylates arginine residues of myelin basic protein (MBP) in vitro. May play a role in cytokine-activated transduction pathways. Negatively regulates cyclin E1 promoter activity and cellular proliferation. Methylates histone H2A and H4 'Arg-3' during germ cell development (By similarity). Methylates histone H3 'Arg-8', which may repress transcription (By similarity). Methylates the Piwi proteins (PIWIL1, PIWIL2 and PIWIL4), methylation of Piwi proteins being required for the interaction with Tudor domain-containing proteins and subsequent localization to the meiotic nuage (By similarity). Methylates RPS10. Attenuates EGF signaling through the MAPK1/MAPK3 pathway acting at 2 levels. First, monomethylates EGFR; this enhances EGFR 'Tyr-1197' phosphorylation and PTPN6 recruitment, eventually leading to reduced SOS1 phosphorylation. Second, methylates RAF1 and probably BRAF, hence destabilizing these 2 signaling proteins and reducing their catalytic activity. Required for induction of E-selectin and VCAM-1, on the endothelial cells surface at sites of inflammation. Methylates HOXA9. Methylates and regulates SRGAP2 which is involved in cell migration and differentiation. Acts as a transcriptional corepressor in CRY1-mediated repression of the core circadian component PER1 by regulating the H4R3 dimethylation at the PER1 promoter (By similarity). Methylates GM130/GOLGA2, regulating Golgi ribbon formation. Methylates H4R3 in genes involved in glioblastomagenesis in a CHTOP- and/or TET1-dependent manner. Symmetrically methylates POLR2A, a modification that allows the recruitment to POLR2A of proteins including SMN1/SMN2 and SETX. This is required for resolving RNA-DNA hybrids created by RNA polymerase II, that form R-loop in transcription terminal regions, an important step in proper transcription termination. Along with LYAR, binds the promoter of gamma-globin HBG1/HBG2 and represses its expression. Symmetrically methylates NCL. Methylates p53/TP53; methylation might possibly affect p53/TP53 target gene specificity. Involved in spliceosome maturation and mRNA splicing in prophase I spermatocytes through the catalysis of the symmetrical arginine dimethylation of SNRPB (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated protein) and the interaction with tudor domain-containing protein TDRD6 (By similarity). M6ATAR00173 Protein argonaute-1 (AGO1) Argonaute1; hAgo1; Argonaute RISC catalytic component 1; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C 1; eIF-2C 1; eIF2C 1; Putative RNA-binding protein Q99; EIF2C1 AGO1_HUMAN hsa:26523 HGNC:3262 . ENSG00000092847 26523 AGO1 Protein coding 1p34.3 MEAGPSGAAAGAYLPPLQQVFQAPRRPGIGTVGKPIKLLANYFEVDIPKIDVYHYEVDIKPDKCPRRVNREVVEYMVQHFKPQIFGDRKPVYDGKKNIYTVTALPIGNERVDFEVTIPGEGKDRIFKVSIKWLAIVSWRMLHEALVSGQIPVPLESVQALDVAMRHLASMRYTPVGRSFFSPPEGYYHPLGGGREVWFGFHQSVRPAMWKMMLNIDVSATAFYKAQPVIEFMCEVLDIRNIDEQPKPLTDSQRVRFTKEIKGLKVEVTHCGQMKRKYRVCNVTRRPASHQTFPLQLESGQTVECTVAQYFKQKYNLQLKYPHLPCLQVGQEQKHTYLPLEVCNIVAGQRCIKKLTDNQTSTMIKATARSAPDRQEEISRLMKNASYNLDPYIQEFGIKVKDDMTEVTGRVLPAPILQYGGRNRAIATPNQGVWDMRGKQFYNGIEIKVWAIACFAPQKQCREEVLKNFTDQLRKISKDAGMPIQGQPCFCKYAQGADSVEPMFRHLKNTYSGLQLIIVILPGKTPVYAEVKRVGDTLLGMATQCVQVKNVVKTSPQTLSNLCLKINVKLGGINNILVPHQRSAVFQQPVIFLGADVTHPPAGDGKKPSITAVVGSMDAHPSRYCATVRVQRPRQEIIEDLSYMVRELLIQFYKSTRFKPTRIIFYRDGVPEGQLPQILHYELLAIRDACIKLEKDYQPGITYIVVQKRHHTRLFCADKNERIGKSGNIPAGTTVDTNITHPFEFDFYLCSHAGIQGTSRPSHYYVLWDDNRFTADELQILTYQLCHTYVRCTRSVSIPAPAYYARLVAFRARYHLVDKEHDSGEGSHISGQSNGRDPQALAKAVQVHQDTLRTMYFA argonaute family; Ago subfamily Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi). Binds to short RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) or short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and represses the translation of mRNAs which are complementary to them. Lacks endonuclease activity and does not appear to cleave target mRNAs. Also required for transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) of promoter regions which are complementary to bound short antigene RNAs (agRNAs). M6ATAR00638 Protein argonaute-2 (AGO2) Argonaute2; hAgo2; Argonaute RISC catalytic component 2; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C 2; eIF-2C 2; eIF2C 2; PAZ Piwi domain protein; PPD; Protein slicer AGO2_HUMAN hsa:27161 HGNC:3263 . ENSG00000123908 27161 AGO2 Protein coding 8q24.3 MYSGAGPALAPPAPPPPIQGYAFKPPPRPDFGTSGRTIKLQANFFEMDIPKIDIYHYELDIKPEKCPRRVNREIVEHMVQHFKTQIFGDRKPVFDGRKNLYTAMPLPIGRDKVELEVTLPGEGKDRIFKVSIKWVSCVSLQALHDALSGRLPSVPFETIQALDVVMRHLPSMRYTPVGRSFFTASEGCSNPLGGGREVWFGFHQSVRPSLWKMMLNIDVSATAFYKAQPVIEFVCEVLDFKSIEEQQKPLTDSQRVKFTKEIKGLKVEITHCGQMKRKYRVCNVTRRPASHQTFPLQQESGQTVECTVAQYFKDRHKLVLRYPHLPCLQVGQEQKHTYLPLEVCNIVAGQRCIKKLTDNQTSTMIRATARSAPDRQEEISKLMRSASFNTDPYVREFGIMVKDEMTDVTGRVLQPPSILYGGRNKAIATPVQGVWDMRNKQFHTGIEIKVWAIACFAPQRQCTEVHLKSFTEQLRKISRDAGMPIQGQPCFCKYAQGADSVEPMFRHLKNTYAGLQLVVVILPGKTPVYAEVKRVGDTVLGMATQCVQMKNVQRTTPQTLSNLCLKINVKLGGVNNILLPQGRPPVFQQPVIFLGADVTHPPAGDGKKPSIAAVVGSMDAHPNRYCATVRVQQHRQEIIQDLAAMVRELLIQFYKSTRFKPTRIIFYRDGVSEGQFQQVLHHELLAIREACIKLEKDYQPGITFIVVQKRHHTRLFCTDKNERVGKSGNIPAGTTVDTKITHPTEFDFYLCSHAGIQGTSRPSHYHVLWDDNRFSSDELQILTYQLCHTYVRCTRSVSIPAPAYYAHLVAFRARYHLVDKEHDSAEGSHTSGQSNGRDHQALAKAVQVHQDTLRTMYFA Argonaute family, Ago subfamily Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The 'minimal RISC' appears to include AGO2 bound to a short guide RNA such as a microRNA (miRNA) or short interfering RNA (siRNA). These guide RNAs direct RISC to complementary mRNAs that are targets for RISC-mediated gene silencing. The precise mechanism of gene silencing depends on the degree of complementarity between the miRNA or siRNA and its target. Binding of RISC to a perfectly complementary mRNA generally results in silencing due to endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA specifically by AGO2. Binding of RISC to a partially complementary mRNA results in silencing through inhibition of translation, and this is independent of endonuclease activity. May inhibit translation initiation by binding to the 7-methylguanosine cap, thereby preventing the recruitment of the translation initiation factor eIF4-E. May also inhibit translation initiation via interaction with EIF6, which itself binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit. The inhibition of translational initiation leads to the accumulation of the affected mRNA in cytoplasmic processing bodies (P-bodies), where mRNA degradation may subsequently occur. In some cases RISC-mediated translational repression is also observed for miRNAs that perfectly match the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR). Can also up-regulate the translation of specific mRNAs under certain growth conditions. Binds to the AU element of the 3'-UTR of the TNF (TNF-alpha) mRNA and up-regulates translation under conditions of serum starvation. Also required for transcriptional gene silencing (TGS), in which short RNAs known as antigene RNAs or agRNAs direct the transcriptional repression of complementary promoter regions. M6ATAR00758 Protein BTG2 (BTG2) PC3; Protein BTG2 ; BTG family member 2 ; NGF-inducible anti-proliferative protein PC3 BTG2_HUMAN hsa:7832 HGNC:1131 . ENSG00000159388.6 7832 BTG2 Protein coding 1q32.1 MSHGKGTDMLPEIAAAVGFLSSLLRTRGCVSEQRLKVFSGALQEALTEHYKHHWFPEKPSKGSGYRCIRINHKMDPIISRVASQIGLSQPQLHQLLPSELTLWVDPYEVSYRIGEDGSICVLYEEAPLAASCGLLTCKNQVLLGRSSPSKNYVMAVSS BTG family Anti-proliferative protein; the function is mediated by association with deadenylase subunits of the CCR4-NOT complex. Activates mRNA deadenylation in a CNOT6 and CNOT7-dependent manner. In vitro can inhibit deadenylase activity of CNOT7 and CNOT8. Involved in cell cycle regulation. Could be involved in the growth arrest and differentiation of the neuronal precursors (By similarity). Modulates transcription regulation mediated by ESR1. Involved in mitochondrial depolarization and neurite outgrowth. M6ATAR00338 Protein CBFA2T1 (RUNX1T1) Cyclin-D-related protein; Eight twenty one protein; Protein ETO; Protein MTG8; Zinc finger MYND domain-containing protein 2; AML1T1; CBFA2T1; CDR; ETO; MTG8; ZMYND2 MTG8_HUMAN hsa:862 HGNC:1535 . ENSG00000079102 862 RUNX1T1 Protein coding 8q21.3 MISVKRNTWRALSLVIGDCRKKGNFEYCQDRTEKHSTMPDSPVDVKTQSRLTPPTMPPPPTTQGAPRTSSFTPTTLTNGTSHSPTALNGAPSPPNGFSNGPSSSSSSSLANQQLPPACGARQLSKLKRFLTTLQQFGNDISPEIGERVRTLVLGLVNSTLTIEEFHSKLQEATNFPLRPFVIPFLKANLPLLQRELLHCARLAKQNPAQYLAQHEQLLLDASTTSPVDSSELLLDVNENGKRRTPDRTKENGFDREPLHSEHPSKRPCTISPGQRYSPNNGLSYQPNGLPHPTPPPPQHYRLDDMAIAHHYRDSYRHPSHRDLRDRNRPMGLHGTRQEEMIDHRLTDREWAEEWKHLDHLLNCIMDMVEKTRRSLTVLRRCQEADREELNYWIRRYSDAEDLKKGGGSSSSHSRQQSPVNPDPVALDAHREFLHRPASGYVPEEIWKKAEEAVNEVKRQAMTELQKAVSEAERKAHDMITTERAKMERTVAEAKRQAAEDALAVINQQEDSSESCWNCGRKASETCSGCNTARYCGSFCQHKDWEKHHHICGQTLQAQQQGDTPAVSSSVTPNSGAGSPMDTPPAATPRSTTPGTPSTIETTPR CBFA2T family Transcriptional corepressor which facilitates transcriptional repression via its association with DNA-binding transcription factors and recruitment of other corepressors and histone-modifying enzymes. Can repress the expression of MMP7 in a ZBTB33-dependent manner. Can repress transactivation mediated by TCF12. Acts as a negative regulator of adipogenesis (By similarity). The AML1-MTG8/ETO fusion protein frequently found in leukemic cells is involved in leukemogenesis and contributes to hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell self-renewal. M6ATAR00248 Protein C-ets-1 (ETS1) p54; EWSR2 ETS1_HUMAN hsa:2113 HGNC:3488 . ENSG00000134954 2113 ETS1 Protein coding 11q24.3 MKAAVDLKPTLTIIKTEKVDLELFPSPDMECADVPLLTPSSKEMMSQALKATFSGFTKEQQRLGIPKDPRQWTETHVRDWVMWAVNEFSLKGVDFQKFCMNGAALCALGKDCFLELAPDFVGDILWEHLEILQKEDVKPYQVNGVNPAYPESRYTSDYFISYGIEHAQCVPPSEFSEPSFITESYQTLHPISSEELLSLKYENDYPSVILRDPLQTDTLQNDYFAIKQEVVTPDNMCMGRTSRGKLGGQDSFESIESYDSCDRLTQSWSSQSSFNSLQRVPSYDSFDSEDYPAALPNHKPKGTFKDYVRDRADLNKDKPVIPAAALAGYTGSGPIQLWQFLLELLTDKSCQSFISWTGDGWEFKLSDPDEVARRWGKRKNKPKMNYEKLSRGLRYYYDKNIIHKTAGKRYVYRFVCDLQSLLGYTPEELHAMLDVKPDADE ETS family Transcription factor. Directly controls the expression of cytokine and chemokine genes in a wide variety of different cellular contexts. May control the differentiation, survival and proliferation of lymphoid cells. May also regulate angiogenesis through regulation of expression of genes controlling endothelial cell migration and invasion. M6ATAR00762 Protein crumbs homolog 3 (CRB3) Protein crumbs homolog 3 CRUM3_HUMAN hsa:92359 HGNC:20237 . ENSG00000130545.16 92359 CRB3 Protein coding 19p13.3 MANPGLGLLLALGLPFLLARWGRAWGQIQTTSANENSTVLPSSTSSSSDGNLRPEAITAIIVVFSLLAALLLAVGLALLVRKLREKRQTEGTYRPSSEEQVGARVPPTPNLKLPPEERLI . Involved in the establishment of cell polarity in mammalian epithelial cells. Regulates the morphogenesis of tight junctions. Involved in promoting phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention of transcriptional coactivators YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ which leads to suppression of TGFB1-dependent transcription of target genes such as CCN2/CTGF, SERPINE1/PAI1, SNAI1/SNAIL1 and SMAD7 (By similarity). M6ATAR00598 Protein E6 (E6) . VE6_HPV16 . . . . . E6 Protein coding . MHQKRTAMFQDPQERPRKLPQLCTELQTTIHDIILECVYCKQQLLRREVYDFAFRDLCIVYRDGNPYAVCDKCLKFYSKISEYRHYCYSLYGTTLEQQYNKPLCDLLIRCINCQKPLCPEEKQRHLDKKQRFHNIRGRWTGRCMSCCRSSRTRRETQL Papillomaviridae E6 protein family Plays a major role in the induction and maintenance of cellular transformation. Acts mainly as an oncoprotein by stimulating the destruction of many host cell key regulatory proteins. E6 associates with host UBE3A/E6-AP ubiquitin-protein ligase, and inactivates tumor suppressors TP53 and TP73 by targeting them to the 26S proteasome for degradation. In turn, DNA damage and chromosomal instabilities increase and lead to cell proliferation and cancer development. The complex E6/E6AP targets several other substrates to degradation via the proteasome including host DLG1 or NFX1, a repressor of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). The resulting increased expression of hTERT prevents the shortening of telomere length leading to cell immortalization. Other cellular targets including BAK1, Fas-associated death domain-containing protein (FADD) and procaspase 8, are degraded by E6/E6AP causing inhibition of apoptosis. E6 also inhibits immune response by interacting with host IRF3 and TYK2. These interactions prevent IRF3 transcriptional activities and inhibit TYK2-mediated JAK-STAT activation by interferon alpha resulting in inhibition of the interferon signaling pathway. M6ATAR00531 Protein FAM83D (FAM83D) Spindle protein CHICA FA83D_HUMAN hsa:81610 HGNC:16122 . ENSG00000101447 81610 FAM83D Protein coding 20q11.23 MALLSEGLDEVPAACLSPCGPPNPTELFSESRRLALEELVAGGPEAFAAFLRRERLARFLNPDEVHAILRAAERPGEEGAAAAAAAEDSFGSSHDCSSGTYFPEQSDLEPPLLELGWPAFYQGAYRGATRVETHFQPRGAGEGGPYGCKDALRQQLRSAREVIAVVMDVFTDIDIFRDLQEICRKQGVAVYILLDQALLSQFLDMCMDLKVHPEQEKLMTVRTITGNIYYARSGTKIIGKVHEKFTLIDGIRVATGSYSFTWTDGKLNSSNLVILSGQVVEHFDLEFRILYAQSKPISPKLLSHFQSSNKFDHLTNRKPQSKELTLGNLLRMRLARLSSTPRKADLDPEMPAEGKAERKPHDCESSTVSEEDYFSSHRDELQSRKAIDAATQTEPGEEMPGLSVSEVGTQTSITTACAGTQTAVITRIASSQTTIWSRSTTTQTDMDENILFPRGTQSTEGSPVSKMSVSRSSSLKSSSSVSSQGSVASSTGSPASIRTTDFHNPGYPKYLGTPHLELYLSDSLRNLNKERQFHFAGIRSRLNHMLAMLSRRTLFTENHLGLHSGNFSRVNLLAVRDVALYPSYQ FAM83 family Through the degradation of FBXW7, may act indirectly on the expression and downstream signaling of MTOR, JUN and MYC. May play also a role in cell proliferation through activation of the ERK1/ERK2 signaling cascade. May also be important for proper chromosome congression and alignment during mitosis through its interaction with KIF22. M6ATAR00770 Protein kinase C epsilon (PRKCE) PKCE; Protein kinase C epsilon type; EC 2.7.11.13 ; nPKC-epsilon KPCE_HUMAN hsa:5581 HGNC:9401 . ENSG00000171132.14 5581 PRKCE Protein coding 2p21 MVVFNGLLKIKICEAVSLKPTAWSLRHAVGPRPQTFLLDPYIALNVDDSRIGQTATKQKTNSPAWHDEFVTDVCNGRKIELAVFHDAPIGYDDFVANCTIQFEELLQNGSRHFEDWIDLEPEGRVYVIIDLSGSSGEAPKDNEERVFRERMRPRKRQGAVRRRVHQVNGHKFMATYLRQPTYCSHCRDFIWGVIGKQGYQCQVCTCVVHKRCHELIITKCAGLKKQETPDQVGSQRFSVNMPHKFGIHNYKVPTFCDHCGSLLWGLLRQGLQCKVCKMNVHRRCETNVAPNCGVDARGIAKVLADLGVTPDKITNSGQRRKKLIAGAESPQPASGSSPSEEDRSKSAPTSPCDQEIKELENNIRKALSFDNRGEEHRAASSPDGQLMSPGENGEVRQGQAKRLGLDEFNFIKVLGKGSFGKVMLAELKGKDEVYAVKVLKKDVILQDDDVDCTMTEKRILALARKHPYLTQLYCCFQTKDRLFFVMEYVNGGDLMFQIQRSRKFDEPRSRFYAAEVTSALMFLHQHGVIYRDLKLDNILLDAEGHCKLADFGMCKEGILNGVTTTTFCGTPDYIAPEILQELEYGPSVDWWALGVLMYEMMAGQPPFEADNEDDLFESILHDDVLYPVWLSKEAVSILKAFMTKNPHKRLGCVASQNGEDAIKQHPFFKEIDWVLLEQKKIKPPFKPRIKTKRDVNNFDQDFTREEPVLTLVDEAIVKQINQEEFKGFSYFGEDLMP Protein kinase superfamily, AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, PKC subfamily Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays essential roles in the regulation of multiple cellular processes linked to cytoskeletal proteins, such as cell adhesion, motility, migration and cell cycle, functions in neuron growth and ion channel regulation, and is involved in immune response, cancer cell invasion and regulation of apoptosis. Mediates cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix via integrin-dependent signaling, by mediating angiotensin-2-induced activation of integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) in cardiac fibroblasts. Phosphorylates MARCKS, which phosphorylates and activates PTK2/FAK, leading to the spread of cardiomyocytes. Involved in the control of the directional transport of ITGB1 in mesenchymal cells by phosphorylating vimentin (VIM), an intermediate filament (IF) protein. In epithelial cells, associates with and phosphorylates keratin-8 (KRT8), which induces targeting of desmoplakin at desmosomes and regulates cell-cell contact. Phosphorylates IQGAP1, which binds to CDC42, mediating epithelial cell-cell detachment prior to migration. In HeLa cells, contributes to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced cell migration, and in human corneal epithelial cells, plays a critical role in wound healing after activation by HGF. During cytokinesis, forms a complex with YWHAB, which is crucial for daughter cell separation, and facilitates abscission by a mechanism which may implicate the regulation of RHOA. In cardiac myocytes, regulates myofilament function and excitation coupling at the Z-lines, where it is indirectly associated with F-actin via interaction with COPB1. During endothelin-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, mediates activation of PTK2/FAK, which is critical for cardiomyocyte survival and regulation of sarcomere length. Plays a role in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy via persistent phosphorylation of troponin I (TNNI3). Involved in nerve growth factor (NFG)-induced neurite outgrowth and neuron morphological change independently of its kinase activity, by inhibition of RHOA pathway, activation of CDC42 and cytoskeletal rearrangement. May be involved in presynaptic facilitation by mediating phorbol ester-induced synaptic potentiation. Phosphorylates gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 (GABRG2), which reduces the response of GABA receptors to ethanol and benzodiazepines and may mediate acute tolerance to the intoxicating effects of ethanol. Upon PMA treatment, phosphorylates the capsaicin- and heat-activated cation channel TRPV1, which is required for bradykinin-induced sensitization of the heat response in nociceptive neurons. Is able to form a complex with PDLIM5 and N-type calcium channel, and may enhance channel activities and potentiates fast synaptic transmission by phosphorylating the pore-forming alpha subunit CACNA1B (CaV2.2). In prostate cancer cells, interacts with and phosphorylates STAT3, which increases DNA-binding and transcriptional activity of STAT3 and seems to be essential for prostate cancer cell invasion. Downstream of TLR4, plays an important role in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune response by phosphorylating and activating TICAM2/TRAM, which in turn activates the transcription factor IRF3 and subsequent cytokines production. In differentiating erythroid progenitors, is regulated by EPO and controls the protection against the TNFSF10/TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, via BCL2. May be involved in the regulation of the insulin-induced phosphorylation and activation of AKT1. Phosphorylates NLRP5/MATER and may thereby modulate AKT pathway activation in cumulus cells. M6ATAR00621 Protein kinase C eta type (PKC-eta) PKC-L; nPKC-eta KPCL_HUMAN hsa:5583 HGNC:9403 . ENSG00000027075 5583 PKC-eta Protein coding 14q23.1 MSSGTMKFNGYLRVRIGEAVGLQPTRWSLRHSLFKKGHQLLDPYLTVSVDQVRVGQTSTKQKTNKPTYNEEFCANVTDGGHLELAVFHETPLGYDHFVANCTLQFQELLRTTGASDTFEGWVDLEPEGKVFVVITLTGSFTEATLQRDRIFKHFTRKRQRAMRRRVHQINGHKFMATYLRQPTYCSHCREFIWGVFGKQGYQCQVCTCVVHKRCHHLIVTACTCQNNINKVDSKIAEQRFGINIPHKFSIHNYKVPTFCDHCGSLLWGIMRQGLQCKICKMNVHIRCQANVAPNCGVNAVELAKTLAGMGLQPGNISPTSKLVSRSTLRRQGKESSKEGNGIGVNSSNRLGIDNFEFIRVLGKGSFGKVMLARVKETGDLYAVKVLKKDVILQDDDVECTMTEKRILSLARNHPFLTQLFCCFQTPDRLFFVMEFVNGGDLMFHIQKSRRFDEARARFYAAEIISALMFLHDKGIIYRDLKLDNVLLDHEGHCKLADFGMCKEGICNGVTTATFCGTPDYIAPEILQEMLYGPAVDWWAMGVLLYEMLCGHAPFEAENEDDLFEAILNDEVVYPTWLHEDATGILKSFMTKNPTMRLGSLTQGGEHAILRHPFFKEIDWAQLNHRQIEPPFRPRIKSREDVSNFDPDFIKEEPVLTPIDEGHLPMINQDEFRNFSYVSPELQP Protein kinase superfamily, AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, PKC subfamily Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation in keratinocytes and pre-B cell receptor, mediates regulation of epithelial tight junction integrity and foam cell formation, and is required for glioblastoma proliferation and apoptosis prevention in MCF-7 cells. In keratinocytes, binds and activates the tyrosine kinase FYN, which in turn blocks epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and leads to keratinocyte growth arrest and differentiation. Associates with the cyclin CCNE1-CDK2-CDKN1B complex and inhibits CDK2 kinase activity, leading to RB1 dephosphorylation and thereby G1 arrest in keratinocytes. In association with RALA activates actin depolymerization, which is necessary for keratinocyte differentiation. In the pre-B cell receptor signaling, functions downstream of BLNK by up-regulating IRF4, which in turn activates L chain gene rearrangement. Regulates epithelial tight junctions (TJs) by phosphorylating occludin (OCLN) on threonine residues, which is necessary for the assembly and maintenance of TJs. In association with PLD2 and via TLR4 signaling, is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RGS2 down-regulation and foam cell formation. Upon PMA stimulation, mediates glioblastoma cell proliferation by activating the mTOR pathway, the PI3K/AKT pathway and the ERK1-dependent phosphorylation of ELK1. Involved in the protection of glioblastoma cells from irradiation-induced apoptosis by preventing caspase-9 activation. In camptothecin-treated MCF-7 cells, regulates NF-kappa-B upstream signaling by activating IKBKB, and confers protection against DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Promotes oncogenic functions of ATF2 in the nucleus while blocking its apoptotic function at mitochondria. Phosphorylates ATF2 which promotes its nuclear retention and transcriptional activity and negatively regulates its mitochondrial localization. M6ATAR00720 Protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2 (NELL2) NEL-like protein 2; Nel-related protein 2 NELL2_HUMAN hsa:4753 HGNC:7751 . ENSG00000184613 4753 NELL2 Protein coding 12q12 MESRVLLRTFCLIFGLGAVWGLGVDPSLQIDVLTELELGESTTGVRQVPGLHNGTKAFLFQDTPRSIKASTATAEQFFQKLRNKHEFTILVTLKQTHLNSGVILSIHHLDHRYLELESSGHRNEVRLHYRSGSHRPHTEVFPYILADDKWHKLSLAISASHLILHIDCNKIYERVVEKPSTDLPLGTTFWLGQRNNAHGYFKGIMQDVQLLVMPQGFIAQCPDLNRTCPTCNDFHGLVQKIMELQDILAKTSAKLSRAEQRMNRLDQCYCERTCTMKGTTYREFESWIDGCKNCTCLNGTIQCETLICPNPDCPLKSALAYVDGKCCKECKSICQFQGRTYFEGERNTVYSSSGVCVLYECKDQTMKLVESSGCPALDCPESHQITLSHSCCKVCKGYDFCSERHNCMENSICRNLNDRAVCSCRDGFRALREDNAYCEDIDECAEGRHYCRENTMCVNTPGSFMCICKTGYIRIDDYSCTEHDECITNQHNCDENALCFNTVGGHNCVCKPGYTGNGTTCKAFCKDGCRNGGACIAANVCACPQGFTGPSCETDIDECSDGFVQCDSRANCINLPGWYHCECRDGYHDNGMFSPSGESCEDIDECGTGRHSCANDTICFNLDGGYDCRCPHGKNCTGDCIHDGKVKHNGQIWVLENDRCSVCSCQNGFVMCRRMVCDCENPTVDLFCCPECDPRLSSQCLHQNGETLYNSGDTWVQNCQQCRCLQGEVDCWPLPCPDVECEFSILPENECCPRCVTDPCQADTIRNDITKTCLDEMNVVRFTGSSWIKHGTECTLCQCKNGHICCSVDPQCLQEL . Required for neuron survival through the modulation of MAPK pathways (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of hypothalamic GNRH secretion and the control of puberty (By similarity). M6ATAR00563 Protein numb homolog (NUMB) h-Numb; Protein S171 NUMB_HUMAN hsa:8650 HGNC:8060 . ENSG00000133961 8650 NUMB Protein coding 14q24.3 MNKLRQSFRRKKDVYVPEASRPHQWQTDEEGVRTGKCSFPVKYLGHVEVDESRGMHICEDAVKRLKAERKFFKGFFGKTGKKAVKAVLWVSADGLRVVDEKTKDLIVDQTIEKVSFCAPDRNFDRAFSYICRDGTTRRWICHCFMAVKDTGERLSHAVGCAFAACLERKQKREKECGVTATFDASRTTFTREGSFRVTTATEQAEREEIMKQMQDAKKAETDKIVVGSSVAPGNTAPSPSSPTSPTSDATTSLEMNNPHAIPRRHAPIEQLARQGSFRGFPALSQKMSPFKRQLSLRINELPSTMQRKTDFPIKNAVPEVEGEAESISSLCSQITNAFSTPEDPFSSAPMTKPVTVVAPQSPTFQANGTDSAFHVLAKPAHTALAPVAMPVRETNPWAHAPDAANKEIAATCSGTEWGQSSGAASPGLFQAGHRRTPSEADRWLEEVSKSVRAQQPQASAAPLQPVLQPPPPTAISQPASPFQGNAFLTSQPVPVGVVPALQPAFVPAQSYPVANGMPYPAPNVPVVGITPSQMVANVFGTAGHPQAAHPHQSPSLVRQQTFPHYEASSATTSPFFKPPAQHLNGSAAFNGVDDGRLASADRHTEVPTGTCPVDPFEAQWAALENKSKQRTNPSPTNPFSSDLQKTFEIEL . Regulates clathrin-mediated receptor endocytosis. Plays a role in the process of neurogenesis (By similarity). Required throughout embryonic neurogenesis to maintain neural progenitor cells, also called radial glial cells (RGCs), by allowing their daughter cells to choose progenitor over neuronal cell fate (By similarity). Not required for the proliferation of neural progenitor cells before the onset of neurogenesis. Also involved postnatally in the subventricular zone (SVZ) neurogenesis by regulating SVZ neuroblasts survival and ependymal wall integrity (By similarity). May also mediate local repair of brain ventricular wall damage (By similarity). M6ATAR00374 Protein patched homolog 1 (PTCH1) PTC; PTC1; PTCH PTC1_HUMAN hsa:5727 HGNC:9585 . ENSG00000185920 5727 PTCH1 Protein coding 9q22.32 MASAGNAAEPQDRGGGGSGCIGAPGRPAGGGRRRRTGGLRRAAAPDRDYLHRPSYCDAAFALEQISKGKATGRKAPLWLRAKFQRLLFKLGCYIQKNCGKFLVVGLLIFGAFAVGLKAANLETNVEELWVEVGGRVSRELNYTRQKIGEEAMFNPQLMIQTPKEEGANVLTTEALLQHLDSALQASRVHVYMYNRQWKLEHLCYKSGELITETGYMDQIIEYLYPCLIITPLDCFWEGAKLQSGTAYLLGKPPLRWTNFDPLEFLEELKKINYQVDSWEEMLNKAEVGHGYMDRPCLNPADPDCPATAPNKNSTKPLDMALVLNGGCHGLSRKYMHWQEELIVGGTVKNSTGKLVSAHALQTMFQLMTPKQMYEHFKGYEYVSHINWNEDKAAAILEAWQRTYVEVVHQSVAQNSTQKVLSFTTTTLDDILKSFSDVSVIRVASGYLLMLAYACLTMLRWDCSKSQGAVGLAGVLLVALSVAAGLGLCSLIGISFNAATTQVLPFLALGVGVDDVFLLAHAFSETGQNKRIPFEDRTGECLKRTGASVALTSISNVTAFFMAALIPIPALRAFSLQAAVVVVFNFAMVLLIFPAILSMDLYRREDRRLDIFCCFTSPCVSRVIQVEPQAYTDTHDNTRYSPPPPYSSHSFAHETQITMQSTVQLRTEYDPHTHVYYTTAEPRSEISVQPVTVTQDTLSCQSPESTSSTRDLLSQFSDSSLHCLEPPCTKWTLSSFAEKHYAPFLLKPKAKVVVIFLFLGLLGVSLYGTTRVRDGLDLTDIVPRETREYDFIAAQFKYFSFYNMYIVTQKADYPNIQHLLYDLHRSFSNVKYVMLEENKQLPKMWLHYFRDWLQGLQDAFDSDWETGKIMPNNYKNGSDDGVLAYKLLVQTGSRDKPIDISQLTKQRLVDADGIINPSAFYIYLTAWVSNDPVAYAASQANIRPHRPEWVHDKADYMPETRLRIPAAEPIEYAQFPFYLNGLRDTSDFVEAIEKVRTICSNYTSLGLSSYPNGYPFLFWEQYIGLRHWLLLFISVVLACTFLVCAVFLLNPWTAGIIVMVLALMTVELFGMMGLIGIKLSAVPVVILIASVGIGVEFTVHVALAFLTAIGDKNRRAVLALEHMFAPVLDGAVSTLLGVLMLAGSEFDFIVRYFFAVLAILTILGVLNGLVLLPVLLSFFGPYPEVSPANGLNRLPTPSPEPPPSVVRFAMPPGHTHSGSDSSDSEYSSQTTVSGLSEELRHYEAQQGAGGPAHQVIVEATENPVFAHSTVVHPESRHHPPSNPRQQPHLDSGSLPPGRQGQQPRRDPPREGLWPPPYRPRRDAFEISTEGHSGPSNRARWGPRGARSHNPRNPASTAMGSSVPGYCQPITTVTASASVTVAVHPPPVPGPGRNPRGGLCPGYPETDHGLFEDPHVPFHVRCERRDSKVEVIELQDVECEERPRGSSSN patched family Acts as a receptor for sonic hedgehog (SHH), indian hedgehog (IHH) and desert hedgehog (DHH). Associates with the smoothened protein (SMO) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Seems to have a tumor suppressor function, as inactivation of this protein is probably a necessary, if not sufficient step for tumorigenesis. M6ATAR00372 Protein phosphatase 1A (PPM1A) Protein phosphatase 2C isoform alpha; PP2C-alpha; Protein phosphatase IA; PPPM1A PPM1A_HUMAN hsa:5494 HGNC:9275 . ENSG00000100614 5494 PPM1A Protein coding 14q23.1 MGAFLDKPKMEKHNAQGQGNGLRYGLSSMQGWRVEMEDAHTAVIGLPSGLESWSFFAVYDGHAGSQVAKYCCEHLLDHITNNQDFKGSAGAPSVENVKNGIRTGFLEIDEHMRVMSEKKHGADRSGSTAVGVLISPQHTYFINCGDSRGLLCRNRKVHFFTQDHKPSNPLEKERIQNAGGSVMIQRVNGSLAVSRALGDFDYKCVHGKGPTEQLVSPEPEVHDIERSEEDDQFIILACDGIWDVMGNEELCDFVRSRLEVTDDLEKVCNEVVDTCLYKGSRDNMSVILICFPNAPKVSPEAVKKEAELDKYLECRVEEIIKKQGEGVPDLVHVMRTLASENIPSLPPGGELASKRNVIEAVYNRLNPYKNDDTDSTSTDDMW PP2C family Enzyme with a broad specificity. Negatively regulates TGF-beta signaling through dephosphorylating SMAD2 and SMAD3, resulting in their dissociation from SMAD4, nuclear export of the SMADs and termination of the TGF-beta-mediated signaling. Dephosphorylates PRKAA1 and PRKAA2. Plays an important role in the termination of TNF-alpha-mediated NF-kappa-B activation through dephosphorylating and inactivating IKBKB/IKKB. M6ATAR00633 Protein RCC2 (RCC2) RCC1-like protein TD-60; Telophase disk protein of 60 kDa RCC2_HUMAN hsa:55920 HGNC:30297 . ENSG00000179051; ENSG00000281540 55920 RCC2 Protein coding 1p36.13 MPRKKAAAAAWEEPSSGNGTARAGPRKRGGPAGRKRERPERCSSSSGGGSSGDEDGLELDGAPGGGKRAARPATAGKAGGAAVVITEPEHTKERVKLEGSKCKGQLLIFGATNWDLIGRKEVPKQQAAYRNLGQNLWGPHRYGCLAGVRVRTVVSGSCAAHSLLITTEGKLWSWGRNEKGQLGHGDTKRVEAPRLIEGLSHEVIVSAACGRNHTLALTETGSVFAFGENKMGQLGLGNQTDAVPSPAQIMYNGQPITKMACGAEFSMIMDCKGNLYSFGCPEYGQLGHNSDGKFIARAQRIEYDCELVPRRVAIFIEKTKDGQILPVPNVVVRDVACGANHTLVLDSQKRVFSWGFGGYGRLGHAEQKDEMVPRLVKLFDFPGRGASQIYAGYTCSFAVSEVGGLFFWGATNTSRESTMYPKAVQDLCGWRIRSLACGKSSIIVAADESTISWGPSPTFGELGYGDHKPKSSTAAQEVKTLDGIFSEQVAMGYSHSLVIARDESETEKEKIKKLPEYNPRTL . Multifunctional protein that may effect its functions by regulating the activity of small GTPases, such as RAC1 and RALA. Required for normal progress through the cell cycle, both during interphase and during mitosis . Required for the presence of normal levels of MAD2L1, AURKB and BIRC5 on inner centromeres during mitosis, and for normal attachment of kinetochores to mitotic spindles. Required for normal organization of the microtubule cytoskeleton in interphase cells. Functions as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RALA. Interferes with the activation of RAC1 by guanine nucleotide exchange factors. Prevents accumulation of active, GTP-bound RAC1, and suppresses RAC1-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and formation of membrane protrusions. Required for normal cellular responses to contacts with the extracellular matrix of adjacent cells, and for directional cell migration in response to a fibronectin gradient (in vitro). M6ATAR00655 Protein salvador homolog 1 (SAV1) 45 kDa WW domain protein; hWW45 SAV1_HUMAN hsa:60485 HGNC:17795 . ENSG00000151748 60485 SAV1 Protein coding 14q22.1 MLSRKKTKNEVSKPAEVQGKYVKKETSPLLRNLMPSFIRHGPTIPRRTDICLPDSSPNAFSTSGDVVSRNQSFLRTPIQRTPHEIMRRESNRLSAPSYLARSLADVPREYGSSQSFVTEVSFAVENGDSGSRYYYSDNFFDGQRKRPLGDRAHEDYRYYEYNHDLFQRMPQNQGRHASGIGRVAATSLGNLTNHGSEDLPLPPGWSVDWTMRGRKYYIDHNTNTTHWSHPLEREGLPPGWERVESSEFGTYYVDHTNKKAQYRHPCAPSVPRYDQPPPVTYQPQQTERNQSLLVPANPYHTAEIPDWLQVYARAPVKYDHILKWELFQLADLDTYQGMLKLLFMKELEQIVKMYEAYRQALLTELENRKQRQQWYAQQHGKNF . Regulator of STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 in the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. SAV1 is required for STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 activation and promotes cell-cycle exit and terminal differentiation in developing epithelial tissues. Plays a role in centrosome disjunction by regulating the localization of NEK2 to centrosomes, and its ability to phosphorylate CROCC and CEP250. In conjunction with STK3/MST2, activates the transcriptional activity of ESR1 through the modulation of its phosphorylation. M6ATAR00662 Protein SET (SET) HLA-DR-associated protein II; Inhibitor of granzyme A-activated DNase; IGAAD; PHAPII; Phosphatase 2A inhibitor I2PP2A; I-2PP2A; Template-activating factor I; TAF-I SET_HUMAN hsa:6418 HGNC:10760 . ENSG00000119335 6418 SET Protein coding 9q34.11 MAPKRQSPLPPQKKKPRPPPALGPEETSASAGLPKKGEKEQQEAIEHIDEVQNEIDRLNEQASEEILKVEQKYNKLRQPFFQKRSELIAKIPNFWVTTFVNHPQVSALLGEEDEEALHYLTRVEVTEFEDIKSGYRIDFYFDENPYFENKVLSKEFHLNESGDPSSKSTEIKWKSGKDLTKRSSQTQNKASRKRQHEEPESFFTWFTDHSDAGADELGEVIKDDIWPNPLQYYLVPDMDDEEGEGEEDDDDDEEEEGLEDIDEEGDEDEGEEDEDDDEGEEGEEDEGEDD Nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family Multitasking protein, involved in apoptosis, transcription, nucleosome assembly and histone chaperoning. Isoform 2 anti-apoptotic activity is mediated by inhibition of the GZMA-activated DNase, NME1. In the course of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-induced apoptosis, GZMA cleaves SET, disrupting its binding to NME1 and releasing NME1 inhibition. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are potent inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 inhibit EP300/CREBBP and PCAF-mediated acetylation of histones (HAT) and nucleosomes, most probably by masking the accessibility of lysines of histones to the acetylases. The predominant target for inhibition is histone H4. HAT inhibition leads to silencing of HAT-dependent transcription and prevents active demethylation of DNA. Both isoforms stimulate DNA replication of the adenovirus genome complexed with viral core proteins; however, isoform 2 specific activity is higher. M6ATAR00409 Protein sprouty homolog 2 (SPRY2) Spry-2 SPY2_HUMAN hsa:10253 HGNC:11270 . ENSG00000136158 10253 SPRY2 Protein coding 13q31.1 MEARAQSGNGSQPLLQTPRDGGRQRGEPDPRDALTQQVHVLSLDQIRAIRNTNEYTEGPTVVPRPGLKPAPRPSTQHKHERLHGLPEHRQPPRLQHSQVHSSARAPLSRSISTVSSGSRSSTRTSTSSSSSEQRLLGSSFSSGPVADGIIRVQPKSELKPGELKPLSKEDLGLHAYRCEDCGKCKCKECTYPRPLPSDWICDKQCLCSAQNVIDYGTCVCCVKGLFYHCSNDDEDNCADNPCSCSQSHCCTRWSAMGVMSLFLPCLWCYLPAKGCLKLCQGCYDRVNRPGCRCKNSNTVCCKVPTVPPRNFEKPT sprouty family Antagonist of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways via inhibition of FGF-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (By similarity). Thereby acts as an antagonist of FGF-induced retinal lens fiber differentiation, may inhibit limb bud outgrowth and may negatively modulate respiratory organogenesis (By similarity). Inhibits TGFB-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in retinal lens epithelial cells (By similarity). Inhibits CBL/C-CBL-mediated EGFR ubiquitination. M6ATAR00448 Protein virilizer homolog (VIRMA) KIAA1429; MSTP054 VIR_HUMAN hsa:25962 HGNC:24500 . ENSG00000164944 25962 VIRMA Protein coding 8q22.1 MAVDSAMELLFLDTFKHPSAEQSSHIDVVRFPCVVYINEVRVIPPGVRAHSSLPDNRAYGETSPHTFQLDLFFNNVSKPSAPVFDRLGSLEYDENTSIIFRPNSKVNTDGLVLRGWYNCLTLAIYGSVDRVISHDRDSPPPPPPPPPPPQPQPSLKRNPKHADGEKEDQFNGSPPRPQPRGPRTPPGPPPPDDDEDDPVPLPVSGDKEEDAPHREDYFEPISPDRNSVPQEGQYSDEGEVEEEQQEEGEEDEDDVDVEEEEDEDEDDRRTVDSIPEEEEEDEEEEGEEDEEGEGDDGYEQISSDEDGIADLERETFKYPNFDVEYTAEDLASVPPMTYDPYDRELVPLLYFSCPYKTTFEIEISRMKDQGPDKENSGAIEASVKLTELLDLYREDRGAKWVTALEEIPSLIIKGLSYLQLKNTKQDSLGQLVDWTMQALNLQVALRQPIALNVRQLKAGTKLVSSLAECGAQGVTGLLQAGVISGLFELLFADHVSSSLKLNAFKALDSVISMTEGMEAFLRGRQNEKSGYQKLLELILLDQTVRVVTAGSAILQKCHFYEVLSEIKRLGDHLAEKTSSLPNHSEPDHDTDAGLERTNPEYENEVEASMDMDLLESSNISEGEIERLINLLEEVFHLMETAPHTMIQQPVKSFPTMARITGPPERDDPYPVLFRYLHSHHFLELVTLLLSIPVTSAHPGVLQATKDVLKFLAQSQKGLLFFMSEYEATNLLIRALCHFYDQDEEEGLQSDGVIDDAFALWLQDSTQTLQCITELFSHFQRCTASEETDHSDLLGTLHNLYLITFNPVGRSAVGHVFSLEKNLQSLITLMEYYSKEALGDSKSKKSVAYNYACILILVVVQSSSDVQMLEQHAASLLKLCKADENNAKLQELGKWLEPLKNLRFEINCIPNLIEYVKQNIDNLMTPEGVGLTTALRVLCNVACPPPPVEGQQKDLKWNLAVIQLFSAEGMDTFIRVLQKLNSILTQPWRLHVNMGTTLHRVTTISMARCTLTLLKTMLTELLRGGSFEFKDMRVPSALVTLHMLLCSIPLSGRLDSDEQKIQNDIIDILLTFTQGVNEKLTISEETLANNTWSLMLKEVLSSILKVPEGFFSGLILLSELLPLPLPMQTTQVIEPHDISVALNTRKLWSMHLHVQAKLLQEIVRSFSGTTCQPIQHMLRRICVQLCDLASPTALLIMRTVLDLIVEDLQSTSEDKEKQYTSQTTRLLALLDALASHKACKLAILHLINGTIKGDERYAEIFQDLLALVRSPGDSVIRQQCVEYVTSILQSLCDQDIALILPSSSEGSISELEQLSNSLPNKELMTSICDCLLATLANSESSYNCLLTCVRTMMFLAEHDYGLFHLKSSLRKNSSALHSLLKRVVSTFSKDTGELASSFLEFMRQILNSDTIGCCGDDNGLMEVEGAHTSRTMSINAAELKQLLQSKEESPENLFLELEKLVLEHSKDDDNLDSLLDSVVGLKQMLESSGDPLPLSDQDVEPVLSAPESLQNLFNNRTAYVLADVMDDQLKSMWFTPFQAEEIDTDLDLVKVDLIELSEKCCSDFDLHSELERSFLSEPSSPGRTKTTKGFKLGKHKHETFITSSGKSEYIEPAKRAHVVPPPRGRGRGGFGQGIRPHDIFRQRKQNTSRPPSMHVDDFVAAESKEVVPQDGIPPPKRPLKVSQKISSRGGFSGNRGGRGAFHSQNRFFTPPASKGNYSRREGTRGSSWSAQNTPRGNYNESRGGQSNFNRGPLPPLRPLSSTGYRPSPRDRASRGRGGLGPSWASANSGSGGSRGKFVSGGSGRGRHVRSFTR vir family Associated component of the WMM complex, a complex that mediates N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of RNAs, a modification that plays a role in the efficiency of mRNA splicing and RNA processing . Acts as a key regulator of m6A methylation by promoting m6A methylation of mRNAs in the 3'-UTR near the stop codon: recruits the catalytic core components METTL3 and METTL14, thereby guiding m6A methylation at specific sites. Required for mRNA polyadenylation via its role in selective m6A methylation: m6A methylation of mRNAs in the 3'-UTR near the stop codon correlating with alternative polyadenylation (APA). M6ATAR00670 Protein Wnt-5a (WNT5A) . WNT5A_HUMAN hsa:7474 HGNC:12784 . ENSG00000114251 7474 WNT5A Protein coding 3p14.3 MKKSIGILSPGVALGMAGSAMSSKFFLVALAIFFSFAQVVIEANSWWSLGMNNPVQMSEVYIIGAQPLCSQLAGLSQGQKKLCHLYQDHMQYIGEGAKTGIKECQYQFRHRRWNCSTVDNTSVFGRVMQIGSRETAFTYAVSAAGVVNAMSRACREGELSTCGCSRAARPKDLPRDWLWGGCGDNIDYGYRFAKEFVDARERERIHAKGSYESARILMNLHNNEAGRRTVYNLADVACKCHGVSGSCSLKTCWLQLADFRKVGDALKEKYDSAAAMRLNSRGKLVQVNSRFNSPTTQDLVYIDPSPDYCVRNESTGSLGTQGRLCNKTSEGMDGCELMCCGRGYDQFKTVQTERCHCKFHWCCYVKCKKCTEIVDQFVCK Wnt family Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Can activate or inhibit canonical Wnt signaling, depending on receptor context. In the presence of FZD4, activates beta-catenin signaling. In the presence of ROR2, inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway by promoting beta-catenin degradation through a GSK3-independent pathway which involves down-regulation of beta-catenin-induced reporter gene expression (By similarity). Suppression of the canonical pathway allows chondrogenesis to occur and inhibits tumor formation. Stimulates cell migration. Decreases proliferation, migration, invasiveness and clonogenicity of carcinoma cells and may act as a tumor suppressor. Mediates motility of melanoma cells. Required during embryogenesis for extension of the primary anterior-posterior axis and for outgrowth of limbs and the genital tubercle. Inhibits type II collagen expression in chondrocytes (By similarity). M6ATAR00680 Protein yippee-like 5 (YPEL5) . YPEL5_HUMAN hsa:51646 HGNC:18329 . ENSG00000119801 51646 YPEL5 Protein coding 2p23.1 MGRIFLDHIGGTRLFSCANCDTILTNRSELISTRFTGATGRAFLFNKVVNLQYSEVQDRVMLTGRHMVRDVSCKNCNSKLGWIYEFATEDSQRYKEGRVILERALVRESEGFEEHVPSDNS Yippee family Component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1. Required for normal cell proliferation (By similarity). M6ATAR00429 Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 (TGM2) Erythrocyte transglutaminase; Heart G alpha(h); hhG alpha(h); Isopeptidase TGM2; Protein G alpha(h); G(h); Protein-glutamine deamidase TGM2; Protein-glutamine dopaminyltransferase TGM2; Protein-glutamine histaminyltransferase TGM2; Protein-glutamine noradrenalinyltransferase TGM2; Protein-glutamine serotonyltransferase TGM2; Tissue transglutaminase; tTG; tTgase; Transglutaminase C; TG(C); TGC; TGase C; Transglutaminase H; TGase H; Transglutaminase II; TGase II; Transglutaminase-2; TG2; TGase-2; hTG2 TGM2_HUMAN hsa:7052 HGNC:11778 . ENSG00000198959 7052 TGM2 Protein coding 20q11.23 MAEELVLERCDLELETNGRDHHTADLCREKLVVRRGQPFWLTLHFEGRNYEASVDSLTFSVVTGPAPSQEAGTKARFPLRDAVEEGDWTATVVDQQDCTLSLQLTTPANAPIGLYRLSLEASTGYQGSSFVLGHFILLFNAWCPADAVYLDSEEERQEYVLTQQGFIYQGSAKFIKNIPWNFGQFEDGILDICLILLDVNPKFLKNAGRDCSRRSSPVYVGRVVSGMVNCNDDQGVLLGRWDNNYGDGVSPMSWIGSVDILRRWKNHGCQRVKYGQCWVFAAVACTVLRCLGIPTRVVTNYNSAHDQNSNLLIEYFRNEFGEIQGDKSEMIWNFHCWVESWMTRPDLQPGYEGWQALDPTPQEKSEGTYCCGPVPVRAIKEGDLSTKYDAPFVFAEVNADVVDWIQQDDGSVHKSINRSLIVGLKISTKSVGRDEREDITHTYKYPEGSSEEREAFTRANHLNKLAEKEETGMAMRIRVGQSMNMGSDFDVFAHITNNTAEEYVCRLLLCARTVSYNGILGPECGTKYLLNLNLEPFSEKSVPLCILYEKYRDCLTESNLIKVRALLVEPVINSYLLAERDLYLENPEIKIRILGEPKQKRKLVAEVSLQNPLPVALEGCTFTVEGAGLTEEQKTVEIPDPVEAGEEVKVRMDLLPLHMGLHKLVVNFESDKLKAVKGFRNVIIGPA transglutaminase superfamily; Transglutaminase family Calcium-dependent acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds between peptide-bound glutamine and various primary amines, such as gamma-amino group of peptide-bound lysine, or mono- and polyamines, thereby producing cross-linked or aminated proteins, respectively. Involved in many biological processes, such as bone development, angiogenesis, wound healing, cellular differentiation, chromatin modification and apoptosis. Acts as a protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase by mediating the cross-linking of proteins, such as ACO2, HSPB6, FN1, HMGB1, RAP1GDS1, SLC25A4/ANT1, SPP1 and WDR54 . Under physiological conditions, the protein cross-linking activity is inhibited by GTP; inhibition is relieved by Ca(2+) in response to various stresses. When secreted, catalyzes cross-linking of proteins of the extracellular matrix, such as FN1 and SPP1 resulting in the formation of scaffolds. Plays a key role during apoptosis, both by (1) promoting the cross-linking of cytoskeletal proteins resulting in condensation of the cytoplasm, and by (2) mediating cross-linking proteins of the extracellular matrix, resulting in the irreversible formation of scaffolds that stabilize the integrity of the dying cells before their clearance by phagocytosis, thereby preventing the leakage of harmful intracellular components. In addition to protein cross-linking, can use different monoamine substrates to catalyze a vast array of protein post-translational modifications: mediates aminylation of serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline or histamine into glutamine residues of target proteins to generate protein serotonylation, dopaminylation, noradrenalinylation or histaminylation, respectively. Mediates protein serotonylation of small GTPases during activation and aggregation of platelets, leading to constitutive activation of these GTPases (By similarity). Plays a key role in chromatin organization by mediating serotonylation and dopaminylation of histone H3. Catalyzes serotonylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation, thereby facilitating transcription . Acts as a mediator of neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons: catalyzes dopaminylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5dop), thereby regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system. Regulates vein remodeling by mediating serotonylation and subsequent inactivation of ATP2A2/SERCA2 (By similarity). Also acts as a protein deamidase by mediating the side chain deamidation of specific glutamine residues of proteins to glutamate. Catalyzes specific deamidation of protein gliadin, a component of wheat gluten in the diet. May also act as an isopeptidase cleaving the previously formed cross-links. Also able to participate in signaling pathways independently of its acyltransferase activity: acts as a signal transducer in alpha-1 adrenergic receptor-mediated stimulation of phospholipase C-delta (PLCD) activity and is required for coupling alpha-1 adrenergic agonists to the stimulation of phosphoinositide lipid metabolism; [Isoform 2]: Has cytotoxic activity: is able to induce apoptosis independently of its acyltransferase activity. M6ATAR00619 Protocadherin Fat 4 (FAT4) hFat4; Cadherin family member 14; FAT tumor suppressor homolog 4; Fat-like cadherin protein FAT-J FAT4_HUMAN hsa:79633 HGNC:23109 . ENSG00000196159 79633 FAT4 Protein coding 4q28.1 MDLAPDRATGRPWLPLHTLSVSQLLRVFWLLSLLPGQAWVHGAEPRQVFQVLEEQPPGTLVGTIQTRPGFTYRLSESHALFAINSSTGALYTTSTIDRESLPSDVINLVVLSSAPTYPTEVRVLVRDLNDNAPVFPDPSIVVTFKEDSSSGRQVILDTATDSDIGSNGVDHRSYRIIRGNEAGRFRLDITLNPSGEGAFLHLVSKGGLDREVTPQYQLLVEVEDKGEPKRRGYLQVNVTVQDINDNPPVFGSSHYQAGVPEDAVVGSSVLQVAAADADEGTNADIRYRLQDEGTPFQMDPETGLITVREPLDFEARRQYSLTVQAMDRGVPSLTGRAEALIQLLDVNDNDPVVKFRYFPATSRYASVDENAQVGTVVALLTVTDADSPAANGNISVQILGGNEQRHFEVQSSKVPNLSLIKVASALDRERIPSYNLTVSVSDNYGAPPGAAVQARSSVASLVIFVNDINDHPPVFSQQVYRVNLSEEAPPGSYVSGISATDGDSGLNANLRYSIVSGNGLGWFHISEHSGLVTTGSSGGLDRELASQIVLNISARDQGVHPKVSYAQLVVTLLDVNDEKPVFSQPEGYDVSVVENAPTGTELLMLRATDGDLGDNGTVRFSLQEAETDRRSFRLDPVSGRLSTISSLDREEQAFYSLLVLATDLGSPPQSSMARINVSLLDINDNSPVFYPVQYFAHIKENEPGGSYITTVSATDPDLGTNGTVKYSISAGDRSRFQVNAQSGVISTRMALDREEKTAYQLQIVATDGGNLQSPNQAIVTITVLDTQDNPPVFSQVAYSFVVFENVALGYHVGSVSASTMDLNSNISYLITTGDQKGMFAINQVTGQLTTANVIDREEQSFYQLKVVASGGTVTGDTMVNITVKDLNDNSPHFLQAIESVNVVENWQAGHSIFQAKAVDPDEGVNGMVLYSLKQNPKNLFAINEKNGTISLLGPLDVHAGSYQIEILASDMGVPQLSSSVILTVYVHDVNDNSPVFDQLSYEVTLSESEPVNSRFFKVQASDKDSGANGEIAYTIAEGNTGDAFGIFPDGQLYIKSELDRELQDRYVLMVVASDRAVEPLSATVNVTVILEDVNDNRPLFNSTNYTFYFEEEQRAGSFVGKVSAVDKDFGPNGEVRYSFEMVQPDFELHAISGEITNTHQFDRESLMRRRGTAVFSFTVIATDQGIPQPLKDQATVHVYMKDINDNAPKFLKDFYQATISESAANLTQVLRVSASDVDEGNNGLIHYSIIKGNEERQFAIDSTSGQVTLIGKLDYEATPAYSLVIQAVDSGTIPLNSTCTLNIDILDENDNTPSFPKSTLFVDVLENMRIGELVSSVTATDSDSGDNADLYYSITGTNNHGTFSISPNTGSIFLAKKLDFETQSLYKLNITAKDQGRPPRSSTMSVVIHVRDFNDNPPSFPPGDIFKSIVENIPIGTSVISVTAHDPDADINGQLSYTIIQQMPRGNHFTIDEVKGTIYTNAEIDREFANLFELTVKANDQAVPIETRRYALKNVTILVTDLNDNVPMFISQNALAADPSAVIGSVLTTIMAADPDEGANGEIEYEIINGDTDTFIVDRYSGDLRVASALVPSQLIYNLIVSATDLGPERRKSTTELTIILQGLDGPVFTQPKYITILKEGEPIGTNVISIEAASPRGSEAPVEYYIVSVRCEEKTVGRLFTIGRHTGIIQTAAILDREQGACLYLVDVYAIEKSTAFPRTQRAEVEITLQDINDNPPVFPTDMLDLTVEENIGDGSKIMQLTAMDADEGANALVTYTIISGADDSFRIDPESGDLIATRRLDRERRSKYSLLVRADDGLQSSDMRINITVSDVNDHTPKFSRPVYSFDIPEDTIPGSLVAAILATDDDSGVNGEITYIVNEDDEDGIFFLNPITGVFNLTRLLDYEVQQYYILTVRAEDGGGQFTTIRVYFNILDVNDNPPIFSLNSYSTSLMENLPVGSTVLVFNVTDADDGINSQLTYSIASGDSLGQFTVDKNGVLKVLKALDRESQSFYNLVVQVHDLPQIPASRFTSTAQVSIILLDVNDNPPTFLSPKLTYIPENTPIDTVVFKAQATDPDSGPNSYIEYTLLNPLGNKFSIGTIDGEVRLTGELDREEVSNYTLTVVATDKGQPSLSSSTEVVVMVLDINDNNPIFAQALYKVEINENTLTGTDIIQVFAADGDEGTNGQVRYGIVNGNTNQEFRIDSVTGAITVAKPLDREKTPTYHLTVQATDRGSTPRTDTSTVSIVLLDINDFVPVFELSPYSVNVPENLGTLPRTILQVVARDDDRGSNSKLSYVLFGGNEDNAFTLSASGELGVTQSLDRETKERFVLMITATDSGSPALTGTGTINVIVDDVNDNVPTFASKAYFTTIPEDAPTGTDVLLVNASDADASKNAVIRIIGGNSQFTINPSTGQIITSALLDRETKDNYTLVVVCSDAGSPEPLSSSTSVLVTVTDVNDNPPRFQHHPYVTHIPSPTLPGSFVFAVTVTDADIGPNSELHYSLSGRNSEKFHIDPLRGAIMAAGPLNGASEVTFSVHVKDGGSFPKTDSTTVTVRFVNKADFPKVRAKEQTFMFPENQPVSSLVTTITGSSLRGEPMSYYIASGNLGNTFQIDQLTGQVSISQPLDFEKIQKYVVWIEARDGGFPPFSSYEKLDITVLDVNDNAPIFKEDPFISEILENLSPRKILTVSAMDKDSGPNGQLDYEIVNGNMENSFSINHATGEIRSVRPLDREKVSHYVLTIKSSDKGSPSQSTSVKVMINILDENDNAPRFSQIFSAHVPENSPLGYTVTRVTTSDEDIGINAISRYSIMDASLPFTINPSTGDIVISRPLNREDTDRYRIRVSAHDSGWTVSTDVTIFVTDINDNAPRFSRTSYYLDCPELTEIGSKVTQVFATDPDEGSNGQVFYFIKSQSEYFRINATTGEIFNKQILKYQNVTGFSNVNINRHSFIVTSSDRGKPSLISETTVTINIVDSNDNAPQFLKSKYFTPVTKNVKVGTKLIRVTAIDDKDFGLNSEVEYFISNDNHLGKFKLDNDTGWISVASSLISDLNQNFFITVTAKDKGNPPLSSQATVHITVTEENYHTPEFSQSHMSATIPESHSIGSIVRTVSARDRDAAMNGLIKYSISSGNEEGIFAINSSTGILTLAKALDYELCQKHEMTISAIDGGWVARTGYCSVTVNVIDVNDNSPVFLSDDYFPTVLENAPSGTTVIHLNATDADSGTNAVIAYTVQSSDSDLFVIDPNTGVITTQGFLDFETKQSYHLTVKAFNVPDEERCSFATVNIQLKGTNEYVPRFVSKLYYFEISEAAPKGTIVGEVFASDRDLGTDGEVHYLIFGNSRKKGFQINKKTGQIYVSGILDREKEERVSLKVLAKNFGSIRGADIDEVTVNVTVLDANDPPIFTLNIYSVQISEGVPIGTHVTFVSAFDSDSIPSWSRFSYFIGSGNENGAFSINPQTGQITVTAELDRETLPIYNLSVLAVDSGTPSATGSASLLVTLEDINDNGPMLTVSEGEVMENKRPGTLVMTLQSTDPDLPPNQGPFTYYLLSTGPATSYFSLSTAGVLSTTREIDREQIADFYLSVVTKDSGVPQMSSTGTVHITVIDQNDNPSQSRTVEIFVNYYGNLFPGGILGSVKPQDPDVLDSFHCSLTSGVTSLFSIPGGTCDLNSQPRSTDGTFDLTVLSNDGVHSTVTSNIRVFFAGFSNATVDNSILLRLGVPTVKDFLTNHYLHFLRIASSQLTGLGTAVQLYSAYEENNRTFLLAAVKRNHNQYVNPSGVATFFESIKEILLRQSGVKVESVDHDSCVHGPCQNGGSCLRRLAVSSVLKSRESLPVIIVANEPLQPFLCKCLPGYAGSWCEIDIDECLPSPCHSGGTCHNLVGGFSCSCPDGFTGRACERDINECLQSPCKNGAICQNFPGSFNCVCKTGYTGKMCESSVNYCECNPCFNGGSCQSGVDSYYCHCPFGVFGKHCELNSYGFEELSYMEFPSLDPNNNYIYVKFATIKSHALLLYNYDNQTGDRAEFLALEIAEERLRFSYNLGSGTYKLTTMKKVSDGHFHTVIARRAGMAASLTVDSCSENQEPGYCTVSNVAVSDDWTLDVQPNRVTVGGIRSLEPILQRRGHVESHDFVGCIMEFAVNGRPLEPSQALAAQGILDQCPRLEGACTRSPCQHGGTCMDYWSWQQCHCKEGLTGKYCEKSVTPDTALSLEGKGRLDYHMSQNEKREYLLRQSLRGAMLEPFGVNSLEVKFRTRSENGVLIHIQESSNYTTVKIKNGKVYFTSDAGIAGKVERNIPEVYVADGHWHTFLIGKNGTATVLSVDRIYNRDIIHPTQDFGGLDVLTISLGGIPPNQAHRDAQTAGFDGCIASMWYGGESLPFSGKHSLASISKTDPSVKIGCRGPNICASNPCWGDLLCINQWYAYRCVPPGDCASHPCQNGGSCEPGLHSGFTCSCPDSHTGRTCEMVVACLGVLCPQGKVCKAGSPAGHVCVLSQGPEEISLPLWAVPAIVGSCATVLALLVLSLILCNQCRGKKAKNPKEEKKPKEKKKKGSENVAFDDPDNIPPYGDDMTVRKQPEGNPKPDIIERENPYLIYDETDIPHNSETIPSAPLASPEQEIEHYDIDNASSIAPSDADIIQHYKQFRSHTPKFSIQRHSPLGFARQSPMPLGASSLTYQPSYGQGLRTSSLSHSACPTPNPLSRHSPAPFSKSSTFYRNSPARELHLPIRDGNTLEMHGDTCQPGIFNYATRLGRRSKSPQAMASHGSRPGSRLKQPIGQIPLESSPPVGLSIEEVERLNTPRPRNPSICSADHGRSSSEEDCRRPLSRTRNPADGIPAPESSSDSDSHESFTCSEMEYDREKPMVYTSRMPKLSQVNESDADDEDNYGARLKPRRYHGRRAEGGPVGTQAAAPGTADNTLPMKLGQQAGTFNWDNLLNWGPGFGHYVDVFKDLASLPEKAAANEEGKAGTTKPVPKDGEAEQYV . Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. FAT4 plays a role in the maintenance of planar cell polarity as well as in inhibition of YAP1-mediated neuroprogenitor cell proliferation and differentiation (By similarity). M6ATAR00700 Proto-oncogene c-Rel (c-Rel) . REL_HUMAN hsa:5966 HGNC:9954 . ENSG00000162924 5966 c-Rel Protein coding 2p16.1 MASGAYNPYIEIIEQPRQRGMRFRYKCEGRSAGSIPGEHSTDNNRTYPSIQIMNYYGKGKVRITLVTKNDPYKPHPHDLVGKDCRDGYYEAEFGQERRPLFFQNLGIRCVKKKEVKEAIITRIKAGINPFNVPEKQLNDIEDCDLNVVRLCFQVFLPDEHGNLTTALPPVVSNPIYDNRAPNTAELRICRVNKNCGSVRGGDEIFLLCDKVQKDDIEVRFVLNDWEAKGIFSQADVHRQVAIVFKTPPYCKAITEPVTVKMQLRRPSDQEVSESMDFRYLPDEKDTYGNKAKKQKTTLLFQKLCQDHVETGFRHVDQDGLELLTSGDPPTLASQSAGITVNFPERPRPGLLGSIGEGRYFKKEPNLFSHDAVVREMPTGVSSQAESYYPSPGPISSGLSHHASMAPLPSSSWSSVAHPTPRSGNTNPLSSFSTRTLPSNSQGIPPFLRIPVGNDLNASNACIYNNADDIVGMEASSMPSADLYGISDPNMLSNCSVNMMTTSSDSMGETDNPRLLSMNLENPSCNSVLDPRDLRQLHQMSSSSMSAGANSNTTVFVSQSDAFEGSDFSCADNSMINESGPSNSTNPNSHGFVQDSQYSGIGSMQNEQLSDSFPYEFFQV . Proto-oncogene that may play a role in differentiation and lymphopoiesis. NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor which is present in almost all cell types and is involved in many biological processed such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. NF-kappa-B is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NF-kappa-B complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NF-kappa-B inhibitor (I-kappa-B) family. In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. The NF-kappa-B heterodimer RELA/p65-c-Rel is a transcriptional activator. M6ATAR00694 Proto-oncogene Wnt-1 (Wnt1) Proto-oncogene Int-1 homolog WNT1_HUMAN hsa:7471 HGNC:12774 . ENSG00000125084 7471 Wnt1 Protein coding 12q13.12 MGLWALLPGWVSATLLLALAALPAALAANSSGRWWGIVNVASSTNLLTDSKSLQLVLEPSLQLLSRKQRRLIRQNPGILHSVSGGLQSAVRECKWQFRNRRWNCPTAPGPHLFGKIVNRGCRETAFIFAITSAGVTHSVARSCSEGSIESCTCDYRRRGPGGPDWHWGGCSDNIDFGRLFGREFVDSGEKGRDLRFLMNLHNNEAGRTTVFSEMRQECKCHGMSGSCTVRTCWMRLPTLRAVGDVLRDRFDGASRVLYGNRGSNRASRAELLRLEPEDPAHKPPSPHDLVYFEKSPNFCTYSGRLGTAGTAGRACNSSSPALDGCELLCCGRGHRTRTQRVTERCNCTFHWCCHVSCRNCTHTRVLHECL Wnt family Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Acts in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by promoting beta-catenin-dependent transcriptional activation . In some developmental processes, is also a ligand for the coreceptor RYK, thus triggering Wnt signaling (By similarity). Plays an essential role in the development of the embryonic brain and central nervous system (CNS) (By similarity). Has a role in osteoblast function, bone development and bone homeostasis. M6ATAR00509 PTGS2 antisense RNA 1 (PACERR) PACER; PTGS2-AS1p50-associated COX-2 extragenic RNA; PTGS2 antisense RNA 1 (head to head) . . HGNC:50552 . ENSG00000273129 103752588 PACERR LncRNA 1q31.1 . . . M6ATAR00167 Putative C->U-editing enzyme APOBEC-4 (APOBEC4) Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 4; C1orf169 ABEC4_HUMAN hsa:403314 HGNC:32152 . ENSG00000173627 403314 APOBEC4 Protein coding 1q25.3 MEPIYEEYLANHGTIVKPYYWLSFSLDCSNCPYHIRTGEEARVSLTEFCQIFGFPYGTTFPQTKHLTFYELKTSSGSLVQKGHASSCTGNYIHPESMLFEMNGYLDSAIYNNDSIRHIILYSNNSPCNEANHCCISKMYNFLITYPGITLSIYFSQLYHTEMDFPASAWNREALRSLASLWPRVVLSPISGGIWHSVLHSFISGVSGSHVFQPILTGRALADRHNAYEINAITGVKPYFTDVLLQTKRNPNTKAQEALESYPLNNAFPGQFFQMPSGQLQPNLPPDLRAPVVFVLVPLRDLPPMHMGQNPNKPRNIVRHLNMPQMSFQETKDLGRLPTGRSVEIVEITEQFASSKEADEKKKKKGKK cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family Putative C to U editing enzyme whose physiological substrate is not yet known. M6ATAR00281 Putative heat shock 70 kDa protein 7 (HSPA7) Heat shock 70 kDa protein B; HSP70B HSP77_HUMAN #N/A HGNC:5240 . . . HSPA7 Protein coding 1q23.3 MQAPRELAVGIDLGTTYSCVGVFQQGRVEILANDQGNRTTPSYVAFTDTERLVGDAAKSQAALNPHNTVFDAKRLIGRKFADTTVQSDMKHWPFQVVSEGGKPKVRVCYRGEDKTFYPEEISSMVLSKMKETAEAYLGQPVKHAVITVPTYFSNSQRQATKDAGAIAGLKVLPIINEATAAAIAYGLDRRGAGKRNVLIFDLGGGTFDVSVLSIDAGVFEVKATAGDTHLGGEDFDNRLVNHFMEEFRRKHGKDLSGNKRALRRLRTACERAKRTPSSSTQATLEIDSLFEGVDFYKSITRARFEELCSDLFRSTLEPVEKALRDAKLDKAQIHDFVLGGGLHSHPQGAEVAAGLLQRQGAEQEHQP heat shock protein 70 family . M6ATAR00377 Putative pituitary tumor-transforming gene 3 protein (PTTG3P) hPTTG3; Securin-3; rcPTTG1; PTTG3 PTTG3_HUMAN #N/A HGNC:13422 . . . PTTG3P Protein coding 8q13.1 MATLIYVDKENEEPGILVATKDGLKLGSGPSIKALDGRSQVSISCFGKTFDAPTSLPKATRKALGTVNRATEKSVKTNGPLKQKQPSFSAKKMTEKTVKAKNSVPASDDGYPEIEKLFPFNPLGFESFDLPEEHQIAHLPLSEVPLMILDEERELEKLFQLGPPSPLKMPSPPWKSNLLQSPLSILLTLDVELPPVCSDIDI securin family . M6ATAR00181 Putative uncharacterized protein ARHGAP5-AS1 (ARHGAP5-AS1) ARHGAP5 antisense RNA 1; ARHGAP5 antisense gene protein 1; C14orf128 ARAS1_HUMAN #N/A HGNC:20279 . . . ARHGAP5-AS1 Protein coding 14q12 MQAPDSVRSVKVEREAKTWIEKPRGAGLRVAQKTPVHATTSLTLGTVVHLAFIILP . . M6ATAR00224 Putative uncharacterized protein DANCR (DANCR) Anti-differentiation ncRNA protein; Differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA; Small nucleolar RNA host gene protein 13; ANCR; KIAA0114; SNHG13 DANCR_HUMAN #N/A HGNC:28964 . . . DANCR Protein coding 4q12 MAGPVPPHPGLAVRAAALHPAPLRIFPGLAELPDLSRGSAARPALAQSLPGIGCGPRDPPASLPAPRRLSGLCARRRSQASLSAGVARADAPLCSGFRAGHACGTGTQPQPTLSSRSSSLTSAEVQLPQFLAQVDNYRHKPLKLECPVAGISIDLSQLSLQLQ . . M6ATAR00153 Pvt1 oncogene (PVT1) PVT1; pvt-1 (murine) oncogene homolog, MYC activator; Pvt1 oncogene homolog (mouse); Pvt1 oncogene (non-protein coding); NCRNA00079; LINC00079; onco-lncRNA-100; MIR1204HG; non-protein coding RNA 79; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 79; MIR1204, MIR1205, MIR1206 and MIR1207 host gene; plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 . . HGNC:9709 . ENSG00000249859 5820 PVT1 LncRNA 8q24.21 . MicroRNA non-coding host genes; Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00555 Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 4 (PDK4) Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 4 PDK4_HUMAN hsa:5166 HGNC:8812 . ENSG00000004799 5166 PDK4 Protein coding 7q21.3 MKAARFVLRSAGSLNGAGLVPREVEHFSRYSPSPLSMKQLLDFGSENACERTSFAFLRQELPVRLANILKEIDILPTQLVNTSSVQLVKSWYIQSLMDLVEFHEKSPDDQKALSDFVDTLIKVRNRHHNVVPTMAQGIIEYKDACTVDPVTNQNLQYFLDRFYMNRISTRMLMNQHILIFSDSQTGNPSHIGSIDPNCDVVAVVQDAFECSRMLCDQYYLSSPELKLTQVNGKFPDQPIHIVYVPSHLHHMLFELFKNAMRATVEHQENQPSLTPIEVIVVLGKEDLTIKISDRGGGVPLRIIDRLFSYTYSTAPTPVMDNSRNAPLAGFGYGLPISRLYAKYFQGDLNLYSLSGYGTDAIIYLKALSSESIEKLPVFNKSAFKHYQMSSEADDWCIPSREPKNLAKEVAM PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family Kinase that plays a key role in regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2. This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase decreases glucose utilization and increases fat metabolism in response to prolonged fasting and starvation. Plays an important role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels under starvation, and is involved in the insulin signaling cascade. Via its regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, plays an important role in maintaining normal blood pH and in preventing the accumulation of ketone bodies under starvation. In the fed state, mediates cellular responses to glucose levels and to a high-fat diet. Regulates both fatty acid oxidation and de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. Plays a role in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Protects detached epithelial cells against anoikis. Plays a role in cell proliferation via its role in regulating carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism. M6ATAR00312 Pyruvate kinase PKM (PKM2/PKM) Cytosolic thyroid hormone-binding protein; CTHBP; Opa-interacting protein 3; OIP-3; Pyruvate kinase 2/3; Pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme; Thyroid hormone-binding protein 1; THBP1; Tumor M2-PK; p58; OIP3; PK2; PK3; PKM2 KPYM_HUMAN hsa:5315 HGNC:9021 . ENSG00000067225 5315 PKM Protein coding 15q23 MSKPHSEAGTAFIQTQQLHAAMADTFLEHMCRLDIDSPPITARNTGIICTIGPASRSVETLKEMIKSGMNVARLNFSHGTHEYHAETIKNVRTATESFASDPILYRPVAVALDTKGPEIRTGLIKGSGTAEVELKKGATLKITLDNAYMEKCDENILWLDYKNICKVVEVGSKIYVDDGLISLQVKQKGADFLVTEVENGGSLGSKKGVNLPGAAVDLPAVSEKDIQDLKFGVEQDVDMVFASFIRKASDVHEVRKVLGEKGKNIKIISKIENHEGVRRFDEILEASDGIMVARGDLGIEIPAEKVFLAQKMMIGRCNRAGKPVICATQMLESMIKKPRPTRAEGSDVANAVLDGADCIMLSGETAKGDYPLEAVRMQHLIAREAEAAIYHLQLFEELRRLAPITSDPTEATAVGAVEASFKCCSGAIIVLTKSGRSAHQVARYRPRAPIIAVTRNPQTARQAHLYRGIFPVLCKDPVQEAWAEDVDLRVNFAMNVGKARGFFKKGDVVIVLTGWRPGSGFTNTMRVVPVP pyruvate kinase family Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP. The ratio between the highly active tetrameric form and nearly inactive dimeric form determines whether glucose carbons are channeled to biosynthetic processes or used for glycolytic ATP production. The transition between the 2 forms contributes to the control of glycolysis and is important for tumor cell proliferation and survival. In addition to its role in glycolysis, also regulates transcription. Stimulates POU5F1-mediated transcriptional activation. Promotes in a STAT1-dependent manner, the expression of the immune checkpoint protein CD274 in ARNTL/BMAL1-deficient macrophages (By similarity). Also acts as a translation regulator for a subset of mRNAs, independently of its pyruvate kinase activity: associates with subpools of endoplasmic reticulum-associated ribosomes, binds directly to the mRNAs translated at the endoplasmic reticulum and promotes translation of these endoplasmic reticulum-destined mRNAs (By similarity). Plays a general role in caspase independent cell death of tumor cells. M6ATAR00175 RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) Protein kinase B; PKB; Protein kinase B alpha; PKB alpha; Proto-oncogene c-Akt; RAC-PK-alpha; PKB; RAC AKT1_HUMAN hsa:207 HGNC:391 . ENSG00000142208 207 AKT1 Protein coding 14q32.33 MSDVAIVKEGWLHKRGEYIKTWRPRYFLLKNDGTFIGYKERPQDVDQREAPLNNFSVAQCQLMKTERPRPNTFIIRCLQWTTVIERTFHVETPEEREEWTTAIQTVADGLKKQEEEEMDFRSGSPSDNSGAEEMEVSLAKPKHRVTMNEFEYLKLLGKGTFGKVILVKEKATGRYYAMKILKKEVIVAKDEVAHTLTENRVLQNSRHPFLTALKYSFQTHDRLCFVMEYANGGELFFHLSRERVFSEDRARFYGAEIVSALDYLHSEKNVVYRDLKLENLMLDKDGHIKITDFGLCKEGIKDGATMKTFCGTPEYLAPEVLEDNDYGRAVDWWGLGVVMYEMMCGRLPFYNQDHEKLFELILMEEIRFPRTLGPEAKSLLSGLLKKDPKQRLGGGSEDAKEIMQHRFFAGIVWQHVYEKKLSPPFKPQVTSETDTRYFDEEFTAQMITITPPDQDDSMECVDSERRPHFPQFSYSASGTA protein kinase superfamily; AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; RAC subfamily AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface (By similarity). Phosphorylation of PTPN1 at 'Ser-50' negatively modulates its phosphatase activity preventing dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and the attenuation of insulin signaling (By similarity). Phosphorylation of TBC1D4 triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, which is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport . AKT regulates also the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at 'Ser-21' and GSK3B at 'Ser-9', resulting in inhibition of its kinase activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thought to be one mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven (By similarity). AKT regulates also cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5 (apoptosis signal-related kinase). Phosphorylation of 'Ser-83' decreases MAP3K5 kinase activity stimulated by oxidative stress and thereby prevents apoptosis. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 at 'Ser-939' and 'Thr-1462', thereby activating mTORC1 signaling and leading to both phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in activation of RPS6KB1. AKT is involved in the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors (Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of 14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. In particular, FOXO1 is phosphorylated at 'Thr-24', 'Ser-256' and 'Ser-319' . FOXO3 and FOXO4 are phosphorylated on equivalent sites. AKT has an important role in the regulation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription and positively regulates the activity of CREB1 (cyclic AMP (cAMP)-response element binding protein). The phosphorylation of CREB1 induces the binding of accessory proteins that are necessary for the transcription of pro-survival genes such as BCL2 and MCL1. AKT phosphorylates 'Ser-454' on ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), thereby potentially regulating ACLY activity and fatty acid synthesis (By similarity). Activates the 3B isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE3B) via phosphorylation of 'Ser-273', resulting in reduced cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of lipolysis (By similarity). Phosphorylates PIKFYVE on 'Ser-318', which results in increased PI(3)P-5 activity (By similarity). The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation (By similarity). Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI(3)K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). AKT mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I (By similarity). Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. May be involved in the regulation of the placental development (By similarity). Phosphorylates STK4/MST1 at 'Thr-120' and 'Thr-387' leading to inhibition of its: kinase activity, nuclear translocation, autophosphorylation and ability to phosphorylate FOXO3. Phosphorylates STK3/MST2 at 'Thr-117' and 'Thr-384' leading to inhibition of its: cleavage, kinase activity, autophosphorylation at Thr-180, binding to RASSF1 and nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates SRPK2 and enhances its kinase activity towards SRSF2 and ACIN1 and promotes its nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-259' and negatively regulates its activity. Phosphorylation of BAD stimulates its pro-apoptotic activity. Phosphorylates KAT6A at 'Thr-369' and this phosphorylation inhibits the interaction of KAT6A with PML and negatively regulates its acetylation activity towards p53/TP53. Phosphorylates palladin (PALLD), modulating cytoskeletal organization and cell motility. Phosphorylates prohibitin (PHB), playing an important role in cell metabolism and proliferation. Phosphorylates CDKN1A, for which phosphorylation at 'Thr-145' induces its release from CDK2 and cytoplasmic relocalization. These recent findings indicate that the AKT1 isoform has a more specific role in cell motility and proliferation. Phosphorylates CLK2 thereby controlling cell survival to ionizing radiation. Phosphorylates PCK1 at 'Ser-90', reducing the binding affinity of PCK1 to oxaloacetate and changing PCK1 into an atypical protein kinase activity using GTP as donor. Also acts as an activator of TMEM175 potassium channel activity in response to growth factors: forms the lysoK(GF) complex together with TMEM175 and acts by promoting TMEM175 channel activation, independently of its protein kinase activity. M6ATAR00176 RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT3) Protein kinase Akt-3; Protein kinase B gamma; PKB gamma; RAC-PK-gamma; STK-2; PKBG AKT3_HUMAN hsa:10000 HGNC:393 . ENSG00000117020; ENSG00000275199 10000 AKT3 Protein coding 1q43-q44 MSDVTIVKEGWVQKRGEYIKNWRPRYFLLKTDGSFIGYKEKPQDVDLPYPLNNFSVAKCQLMKTERPKPNTFIIRCLQWTTVIERTFHVDTPEEREEWTEAIQAVADRLQRQEEERMNCSPTSQIDNIGEEEMDASTTHHKRKTMNDFDYLKLLGKGTFGKVILVREKASGKYYAMKILKKEVIIAKDEVAHTLTESRVLKNTRHPFLTSLKYSFQTKDRLCFVMEYVNGGELFFHLSRERVFSEDRTRFYGAEIVSALDYLHSGKIVYRDLKLENLMLDKDGHIKITDFGLCKEGITDAATMKTFCGTPEYLAPEVLEDNDYGRAVDWWGLGVVMYEMMCGRLPFYNQDHEKLFELILMEDIKFPRTLSSDAKSLLSGLLIKDPNKRLGGGPDDAKEIMRHSFFSGVNWQDVYDKKLVPPFKPQVTSETDTRYFDEEFTAQTITITPPEKYDEDGMDCMDNERRPHFPQFSYSASGRE protein kinase superfamily; AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; RAC subfamily AKT3 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT3 is the least studied AKT isoform. It plays an important role in brain development and is crucial for the viability of malignant glioma cells. AKT3 isoform may also be the key molecule in up-regulation and down-regulation of MMP13 via IL13. Required for the coordination of mitochondrial biogenesis with growth factor-induced increases in cellular energy demands. Down-regulation by RNA interference reduces the expression of the phosphorylated form of BAD, resulting in the induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis. M6ATAR00773 RAD51-associated protein 1 (RAD51AP1) PIR51; RAD51-associated protein 1; HsRAD51AP1 ; RAD51-interacting protein R51A1_HUMAN hsa:10635 HGNC:16956 . ENSG00000111247.15 10635 RAD51AP1 Protein coding 12p13.32 MVRPVRHKKPVNYSQFDHSDSDDDFVSATVPLNKKSRTAPKELKQDKPKPNLNNLRKEEIPVQEKTPKKRLPEGTFSIPASAVPCTKMALDDKLYQRDLEVALALSVKELPTVTTNVQNSQDKSIEKHGSSKIETMNKSPHISNCSVASDYLDLDKITVEDDVGGVQGKRKAASKAAAQQRKILLEGSDGDSANDTEPDFAPGEDSEDDSDFCESEDNDEDFSMRKSKVKEIKKKEVKVKSPVEKKEKKSKSKCNALVTSVDSAPAAVKSESQSLPKKVSLSSDTTRKPLEIRSPSAESKKPKWVPPAASGGSRSSSSPLVVVSVKSPNQSLRLGLSRLARVKPLHPNATST . Structure-specific DNA-binding protein involved in DNA repair by promoting RAD51-mediated homologous recombination. Acts by stimulating D-Loop formation by RAD51: specifically enhances joint molecule formation through its structure-specific DNA interaction and its interaction with RAD51. Binds single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and secondary DNA structures, such as D-loop structures: has a strong preference for branched-DNA structures that are obligatory intermediates during joint molecule formation. Cooperates with WDR48/UAF1 to stimulate RAD51-mediated homologous recombination: both WDR48/UAF1 and RAD51AP1 have coordinated role in DNA-binding during homologous recombination and DNA repair. WDR48/UAF1 and RAD51AP1 also have a coordinated role in DNA-binding to promote USP1-mediated deubiquitination of FANCD2 . Also involved in meiosis by promoting DMC1-mediated homologous meiotic recombination. Key mediator of alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway, a homology-directed repair mechanism of telomere elongation that controls proliferation in aggressive cancers, by stimulating homologous recombination. May also bind RNA; additional evidences are however required to confirm RNA-binding in vivo. M6ATAR00319 Ragulator complex protein LAMTOR5 (LAMTOR5/HBXIP) Hepatitis B virus X-interacting protein; HBV X-interacting protein; HBX-interacting protein; Late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor and MAPK and MTOR activator 5; HBXIP; XIP LTOR5_HUMAN hsa:10542 HGNC:17955 . ENSG00000134248 10542 LAMTOR5 Protein coding 1p13.3 MEATLEQHLEDTMKNPSIVGVLCTDSQGLNLGCRGTLSDEHAGVISVLAQQAAKLTSDPTDIPVVCLESDNGNIMIQKHDGITVAVHKMAS LAMTOR5 family As part of the Ragulator complex it is involved in amino acid sensing and activation of mTORC1, a signaling complex promoting cell growth in response to growth factors, energy levels, and amino acids. Activated by amino acids through a mechanism involving the lysosomal V-ATPase, the Ragulator functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor activating the small GTPases Rag. Activated Ragulator and Rag GTPases function as a scaffold recruiting mTORC1 to lysosomes where it is in turn activated. When complexed to BIRC5, interferes with apoptosome assembly, preventing recruitment of pro-caspase-9 to oligomerized APAF1, thereby selectively suppressing apoptosis initiated via the mitochondrial/cytochrome c pathway. Down-regulates hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. M6ATAR00709 Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1 (IQGAP1) p195 IQGA1_HUMAN hsa:8826 HGNC:6110 . ENSG00000140575 8826 IQGAP1 Protein coding 15q26.1 MSAADEVDGLGVARPHYGSVLDNERLTAEEMDERRRQNVAYEYLCHLEEAKRWMEACLGEDLPPTTELEEGLRNGVYLAKLGNFFSPKVVSLKKIYDREQTRYKATGLHFRHTDNVIQWLNAMDEIGLPKIFYPETTDIYDRKNMPRCIYCIHALSLYLFKLGLAPQIQDLYGKVDFTEEEINNMKTELEKYGIQMPAFSKIGGILANELSVDEAALHAAVIAINEAIDRRIPADTFAALKNPNAMLVNLEEPLASTYQDILYQAKQDKMTNAKNRTENSERERDVYEELLTQAEIQGNINKVNTFSALANIDLALEQGDALALFRALQSPALGLRGLQQQNSDWYLKQLLSDKQQKRQSGQTDPLQKEELQSGVDAANSAAQQYQRRLAAVALINAAIQKGVAEKTVLELMNPEAQLPQVYPFAADLYQKELATLQRQSPEHNLTHPELSVAVEMLSSVALINRALESGDVNTVWKQLSSSVTGLTNIEEENCQRYLDELMKLKAQAHAENNEFITWNDIQACVDHVNLVVQEEHERILAIGLINEALDEGDAQKTLQALQIPAAKLEGVLAEVAQHYQDTLIRAKREKAQEIQDESAVLWLDEIQGGIWQSNKDTQEAQKFALGIFAINEAVESGDVGKTLSALRSPDVGLYGVIPECGETYHSDLAEAKKKKLAVGDNNSKWVKHWVKGGYYYYHNLETQEGGWDEPPNFVQNSMQLSREEIQSSISGVTAAYNREQLWLANEGLITRLQARCRGYLVRQEFRSRMNFLKKQIPAITCIQSQWRGYKQKKAYQDRLAYLRSHKDEVVKIQSLARMHQARKRYRDRLQYFRDHINDIIKIQAFIRANKARDDYKTLINAEDPPMVVVRKFVHLLDQSDQDFQEELDLMKMREEVITLIRSNQQLENDLNLMDIKIGLLVKNKITLQDVVSHSKKLTKKNKEQLSDMMMINKQKGGLKALSKEKREKLEAYQHLFYLLQTNPTYLAKLIFQMPQNKSTKFMDSVIFTLYNYASNQREEYLLLRLFKTALQEEIKSKVDQIQEIVTGNPTVIKMVVSFNRGARGQNALRQILAPVVKEIMDDKSLNIKTDPVDIYKSWVNQMESQTGEASKLPYDVTPEQALAHEEVKTRLDSSIRNMRAVTDKFLSAIVSSVDKIPYGMRFIAKVLKDSLHEKFPDAGEDELLKIIGNLLYYRYMNPAIVAPDAFDIIDLSAGGQLTTDQRRNLGSIAKMLQHAASNKMFLGDNAHLSIINEYLSQSYQKFRRFFQTACDVPELQDKFNVDEYSDLVTLTKPVIYISIGEIINTHTLLLDHQDAIAPEHNDPIHELLDDLGEVPTIESLIGESSGNLNDPNKEALAKTEVSLTLTNKFDVPGDENAEMDARTILLNTKRLIVDVIRFQPGETLTEILETPATSEQEAEHQRAMQRRAIRDAKTPDKMKKSKSVKEDSNLTLQEKKEKIQTGLKKLTELGTVDPKNKYQELINDIARDIRNQRRYRQRRKAELVKLQQTYAALNSKATFYGEQVDYYKSYIKTCLDNLASKGKVSKKPREMKGKKSKKISLKYTAARLHEKGVLLEIEDLQVNQFKNVIFEISPTEEVGDFEVKAKFMGVQMETFMLHYQDLLQLQYEGVAVMKLFDRAKVNVNLLIFLLNKKFYGK . Plays a crucial role in regulating the dynamics and assembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Binds to activated CDC42 but does not stimulate its GTPase activity. It associates with calmodulin. Could serve as an assembly scaffold for the organization of a multimolecular complex that would interface incoming signals to the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton at the plasma membrane. May promote neurite outgrowth . May play a possible role in cell cycle regulation by contributing to cell cycle progression after DNA replication arrest. M6ATAR00380 Ras-related protein Rab-22A (RAB22A) Rab-22; RAB22 RB22A_HUMAN hsa:57403 HGNC:9764 . ENSG00000124209 57403 RAB22A Protein coding 20q13.32 MALRELKVCLLGDTGVGKSSIVWRFVEDSFDPNINPTIGASFMTKTVQYQNELHKFLIWDTAGQERFRALAPMYYRGSAAAIIVYDITKEETFSTLKNWVKELRQHGPPNIVVAIAGNKCDLIDVREVMERDAKDYADSIHAIFVETSAKNAININELFIEISRRIPSTDANLPSGGKGFKLRRQPSEPKRSCC small GTPase superfamily; Rab family Plays a role in endocytosis and intracellular protein transport. Mediates trafficking of TF from early endosomes to recycling endosomes. Required for NGF-mediated endocytosis of NTRK1, and subsequent neurite outgrowth. Binds GTP and GDP and has low GTPase activity. Alternates between a GTP-bound active form and a GDP-bound inactive form. M6ATAR00381 RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 (RB1CC1/FIP200) FAK family kinase-interacting protein of 200 kDa; FIP200; KIAA0203; RBICC RBCC1_HUMAN hsa:9821 HGNC:15574 . ENSG00000023287 9821 RB1CC1 Protein coding 8q11.23 MKLYVFLVNTGTTLTFDTELTVQTVADLKHAIQSKYKIAIQHQVLVVNGGECMAADRRVCTYSAGTDTNPIFLFNKEMILCDRPPAIPKTTFSTENDMEIKVEESLMMPAVFHTVASRTQLALEMYEVAKKLCSFCEGLVHDEHLQHQGWAAIMANLEDCSNSYQKLLFKFESIYSNYLQSIEDIKLKLTHLGTAVSVMAKIPLLECLTRHSYRECLGRLDSLPEHEDSEKAEMKRSTELVLSPDMPRTTNESLLTSFPKSVEHVSPDTADAESGKEIRESCQSTVHQQDETTIDTKDGDLPFFNVSLLDWINVQDRPNDVESLVRKCFDSMSRLDPRIIRPFIAECRQTIAKLDNQNMKAIKGLEDRLYALDQMIASCGRLVNEQKELAQGFLANQKRAENLKDASVLPDLCLSHANQLMIMLQNHRKLLDIKQKCTTAKQELANNLHVRLKWCCFVMLHADQDGEKLQALLRLVIELLERVKIVEALSTVPQMYCLAVVEVVRRKMFIKHYREWAGALVKDGKRLYEAEKSKRESFGKLFRKSFLRNRLFRGLDSWPPSFCTQKPRKFDCELPDISLKDLQFLQSFCPSEVQPFLRVPLLCDFEPLHQHVLALHNLVKAAQSLDEMSQTITDLLSEQKASVSQTSPQSASSPRMESTAGITTTTSPRTPPPLTVQDPLCPAVCPLEELSPDSIDAHTFDFETIPHPNIEQTIHQVSLDLDSLAESPESDFMSAVNEFVIEENLSSPNPISDPQSPEMMVESLYSSVINAIDSRRMQDTNVCGKEDFGDHTSLNVQLERCRVVAQDSHFSIQTIKEDLCHFRTFVQKEQCDFSNSLKCTAVEIRNIIEKVKCSLEITLKEKHQKELLSLKNEYEGKLDGLIKETEENENKIKKLKGELVCLEEVLQNKDNEFALVKHEKEAVICLQNEKDQKLLEMENIMHSQNCEIKELKQSREIVLEDLKKLHVENDEKLQLLRAELQSLEQSHLKELEDTLQVRHIQEFEKVMTDHRVSLEELKKENQQIINQIQESHAEIIQEKEKQLQELKLKVSDLSDTRCKLEVELALKEAETDEIKILLEESRAQQKETLKSLLEQETENLRTEISKLNQKIQDNNENYQVGLAELRTLMTIEKDQCISELISRHEEESNILKAELNKVTSLHNQAFEIEKNLKEQIIELQSKLDSELSALERQKDEKITQQEEKYEAIIQNLEKDRQKLVSSQEQDREQLIQKLNCEKDEAIQTALKEFKLEREVVEKELLEKVKHLENQIAKSPAIDSTRGDSSSLVAELQEKLQEEKAKFLEQLEEQEKRKNEEMQNVRTSLIAEQQTNFNTVLTREKMRKENIINDLSDKLKSTMQQQERDKDLIESLSEDRARLLEEKKKLEEEVSKLRSSSFVPSPYVATAPELYGACAPELPGESDRSAVETADEGRVDSAMETSMMSVQENIHMLSEEKQRIMLLERTLQLKEEENKRLNQRLMSQSMSSVSSRHSEKIAIRDFQVGDLVLIILDERHDNYVLFTVSPTLYFLHSESLPALDLKPGEGASGASRRPWVLGKVMEKEYCQAKKAQNRFKVPLGTKFYRVKAVSWNKKV ATG17 family Involved in autophagy. Regulates early events but also late events of autophagosome formation through direct interaction with Atg16L1. Required for the formation of the autophagosome-like double-membrane structure that surrounds the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) during S.typhimurium infection and subsequent xenophagy (By similarity). Involved in repair of DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation, which subsequently improves cell survival by decreasing apoptosis (By similarity). Inhibits PTK2/FAK1 and PTK2B/PYK2 kinase activity, affecting their downstream signaling pathways. Plays a role as a modulator of TGF-beta-signaling by restricting substrate specificity of RNF111 (By similarity). Functions as a DNA-binding transcription factor. Is a potent regulator of the RB1 pathway through induction of RB1 expression . Plays a crucial role in muscular differentiation. Plays an indispensable role in fetal hematopoiesis and in the regulation of neuronal homeostasis (By similarity). M6ATAR00245 Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ERBB2) . ERBB2_HUMAN hsa:2064 HGNC:3430 . ENSG00000141736 2064 ERBB2 Protein coding 17q12 MELAALCRWGLLLALLPPGAASTQVCTGTDMKLRLPASPETHLDMLRHLYQGCQVVQGNLELTYLPTNASLSFLQDIQEVQGYVLIAHNQVRQVPLQRLRIVRGTQLFEDNYALAVLDNGDPLNNTTPVTGASPGGLRELQLRSLTEILKGGVLIQRNPQLCYQDTILWKDIFHKNNQLALTLIDTNRSRACHPCSPMCKGSRCWGESSEDCQSLTRTVCAGGCARCKGPLPTDCCHEQCAAGCTGPKHSDCLACLHFNHSGICELHCPALVTYNTDTFESMPNPEGRYTFGASCVTACPYNYLSTDVGSCTLVCPLHNQEVTAEDGTQRCEKCSKPCARVCYGLGMEHLREVRAVTSANIQEFAGCKKIFGSLAFLPESFDGDPASNTAPLQPEQLQVFETLEEITGYLYISAWPDSLPDLSVFQNLQVIRGRILHNGAYSLTLQGLGISWLGLRSLRELGSGLALIHHNTHLCFVHTVPWDQLFRNPHQALLHTANRPEDECVGEGLACHQLCARGHCWGPGPTQCVNCSQFLRGQECVEECRVLQGLPREYVNARHCLPCHPECQPQNGSVTCFGPEADQCVACAHYKDPPFCVARCPSGVKPDLSYMPIWKFPDEEGACQPCPINCTHSCVDLDDKGCPAEQRASPLTSIISAVVGILLVVVLGVVFGILIKRRQQKIRKYTMRRLLQETELVEPLTPSGAMPNQAQMRILKETELRKVKVLGSGAFGTVYKGIWIPDGENVKIPVAIKVLRENTSPKANKEILDEAYVMAGVGSPYVSRLLGICLTSTVQLVTQLMPYGCLLDHVRENRGRLGSQDLLNWCMQIAKGMSYLEDVRLVHRDLAARNVLVKSPNHVKITDFGLARLLDIDETEYHADGGKVPIKWMALESILRRRFTHQSDVWSYGVTVWELMTFGAKPYDGIPAREIPDLLEKGERLPQPPICTIDVYMIMVKCWMIDSECRPRFRELVSEFSRMARDPQRFVVIQNEDLGPASPLDSTFYRSLLEDDDMGDLVDAEEYLVPQQGFFCPDPAPGAGGMVHHRHRSSSTRSGGGDLTLGLEPSEEEAPRSPLAPSEGAGSDVFDGDLGMGAAKGLQSLPTHDPSPLQRYSEDPTVPLPSETDGYVAPLTCSPQPEYVNQPDVRPQPPSPREGPLPAARPAGATLERPKTLSPGKNGVVKDVFAFGGAVENPEYLTPQGGAAPQPHPPPAFSPAFDNLYYWDQDPPERGAPPSTFKGTPTAENPEYLGLDVPV protein kinase superfamily; Tyr protein kinase family; EGF receptor subfamily Protein tyrosine kinase that is part of several cell surface receptor complexes, but that apparently needs a coreceptor for ligand binding. Essential component of a neuregulin-receptor complex, although neuregulins do not interact with it alone. GP30 is a potential ligand for this receptor. Regulates outgrowth and stabilization of peripheral microtubules (MTs). Upon ERBB2 activation, the MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway elicits the phosphorylation and thus the inhibition of GSK3B at cell membrane. This prevents the phosphorylation of APC and CLASP2, allowing its association with the cell membrane. In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization. In the nucleus is involved in transcriptional regulation. Associates with the 5'-TCAAATTC-3' sequence in the PTGS2/COX-2 promoter and activates its transcription. Implicated in transcriptional activation of CDKN1A; the function involves STAT3 and SRC. Involved in the transcription of rRNA genes by RNA Pol I and enhances protein synthesis and cell growth. M6ATAR00384 Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) CARD-containing interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme-associated kinase; CARD-containing IL-1 beta ICE-kinase; RIP-like-interacting CLARP kinase; Receptor-interacting protein 2; RIP-2; Tyrosine-protein kinase RIPK2; CARDIAK; RICK; RIP2; UNQ277/PRO314/PRO34092 RIPK2_HUMAN hsa:8767 HGNC:10020 . ENSG00000104312 8767 RIPK2 Protein coding 8q21.3 MNGEAICSALPTIPYHKLADLRYLSRGASGTVSSARHADWRVQVAVKHLHIHTPLLDSERKDVLREAEILHKARFSYILPILGICNEPEFLGIVTEYMPNGSLNELLHRKTEYPDVAWPLRFRILHEIALGVNYLHNMTPPLLHHDLKTQNILLDNEFHVKIADFGLSKWRMMSLSQSRSSKSAPEGGTIIYMPPENYEPGQKSRASIKHDIYSYAVITWEVLSRKQPFEDVTNPLQIMYSVSQGHRPVINEESLPYDIPHRARMISLIESGWAQNPDERPSFLKCLIELEPVLRTFEEITFLEAVIQLKKTKLQSVSSAIHLCDKKKMELSLNIPVNHGPQEESCGSSQLHENSGSPETSRSLPAPQDNDFLSRKAQDCYFMKLHHCPGNHSWDSTISGSQRAAFCDHKTTPCSSAIINPLSTAGNSERLQPGIAQQWIQSKREDIVNQMTEACLNQSLDALLSRDLIMKEDYELVSTKPTRTSKVRQLLDTTDIQGEEFAKVIVQKLKDNKQMGLQPYPEILVVSRSPSLNLLQNKSM protein kinase superfamily; TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family Serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Upon stimulation by bacterial peptidoglycans, NOD1 and NOD2 are activated, oligomerize and recruit RIPK2 through CARD-CARD domains. Contributes to the tyrosine phosphorylation of the guanine exchange factor ARHGEF2 through Src tyrosine kinase leading to NF-kappaB activation by NOD2. Once recruited, RIPK2 autophosphorylates and undergoes 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by E3 ubiquitin ligases XIAP, BIRC2 and BIRC3. The polyubiquitinated protein mediates the recruitment of MAP3K7/TAK1 to IKBKG/NEMO and induces 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of IKBKG/NEMO and subsequent activation of IKBKB/IKKB. In turn, NF-kappa-B is released from NF-kappa-B inhibitors and translocates into the nucleus where it activates the transcription of hundreds of genes involved in immune response, growth control, or protection against apoptosis. Plays also a role during engagement of the T-cell receptor (TCR) in promoting BCL10 phosphorylation and subsequent NF-kappa-B activation. Plays a role in the inactivation of RHOA in response to NGFR signaling . M6ATAR00576 Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (CD45) Leukocyte common antigen; L-CA; T200; CD45 PTPRC_HUMAN hsa:5788 HGNC:9666 . ENSG00000081237; ENSG00000262418 5788 CD45 Protein coding 1q31.3-q32.1 MTMYLWLKLLAFGFAFLDTEVFVTGQSPTPSPTGLTTAKMPSVPLSSDPLPTHTTAFSPASTFERENDFSETTTSLSPDNTSTQVSPDSLDNASAFNTTGVSSVQTPHLPTHADSQTPSAGTDTQTFSGSAANAKLNPTPGSNAISDVPGERSTASTFPTDPVSPLTTTLSLAHHSSAALPARTSNTTITANTSDAYLNASETTTLSPSGSAVISTTTIATTPSKPTCDEKYANITVDYLYNKETKLFTAKLNVNENVECGNNTCTNNEVHNLTECKNASVSISHNSCTAPDKTLILDVPPGVEKFQLHDCTQVEKADTTICLKWKNIETFTCDTQNITYRFQCGNMIFDNKEIKLENLEPEHEYKCDSEILYNNHKFTNASKIIKTDFGSPGEPQIIFCRSEAAHQGVITWNPPQRSFHNFTLCYIKETEKDCLNLDKNLIKYDLQNLKPYTKYVLSLHAYIIAKVQRNGSAAMCHFTTKSAPPSQVWNMTVSMTSDNSMHVKCRPPRDRNGPHERYHLEVEAGNTLVRNESHKNCDFRVKDLQYSTDYTFKAYFHNGDYPGEPFILHHSTSYNSKALIAFLAFLIIVTSIALLVVLYKIYDLHKKRSCNLDEQQELVERDDEKQLMNVEPIHADILLETYKRKIADEGRLFLAEFQSIPRVFSKFPIKEARKPFNQNKNRYVDILPYDYNRVELSEINGDAGSNYINASYIDGFKEPRKYIAAQGPRDETVDDFWRMIWEQKATVIVMVTRCEEGNRNKCAEYWPSMEEGTRAFGDVVVKINQHKRCPDYIIQKLNIVNKKEKATGREVTHIQFTSWPDHGVPEDPHLLLKLRRRVNAFSNFFSGPIVVHCSAGVGRTGTYIGIDAMLEGLEAENKVDVYGYVVKLRRQRCLMVQVEAQYILIHQALVEYNQFGETEVNLSELHPYLHNMKKRDPPSEPSPLEAEFQRLPSYRSWRTQHIGNQEENKSKNRNSNVIPYDYNRVPLKHELEMSKESEHDSDESSDDDSDSEEPSKYINASFIMSYWKPEVMIAAQGPLKETIGDFWQMIFQRKVKVIVMLTELKHGDQEICAQYWGEGKQTYGDIEVDLKDTDKSSTYTLRVFELRHSKRKDSRTVYQYQYTNWSVEQLPAEPKELISMIQVVKQKLPQKNSSEGNKHHKSTPLLIHCRDGSQQTGIFCALLNLLESAETEEVVDIFQVVKALRKARPGMVSTFEQYQFLYDVIASTYPAQNGQVKKNNHQEDKIEFDNEVDKVKQDANCVNPLGAPEKLPEAKEQAEGSEPTSGTEGPEHSVNGPASPALNQGS Protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, Receptor class 1/6 subfamily Protein tyrosine-protein phosphatase required for T-cell activation through the antigen receptor. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation upon binding to DPP4. The first PTPase domain has enzymatic activity, while the second one seems to affect the substrate specificity of the first one. Upon T-cell activation, recruits and dephosphorylates SKAP1 and FYN. Dephosphorylates LYN, and thereby modulates LYN activity (By similarity). oteins upon T-cell receptor stimulation and impaired T-cell proliferation. M6ATAR00378 Retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) RAR-alpha; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group B member 1; NR1B1 RARA_HUMAN hsa:5914 HGNC:9864 . ENSG00000131759 5914 RARA Protein coding 17q21.2 MASNSSSCPTPGGGHLNGYPVPPYAFFFPPMLGGLSPPGALTTLQHQLPVSGYSTPSPATIETQSSSSEEIVPSPPSPPPLPRIYKPCFVCQDKSSGYHYGVSACEGCKGFFRRSIQKNMVYTCHRDKNCIINKVTRNRCQYCRLQKCFEVGMSKESVRNDRNKKKKEVPKPECSESYTLTPEVGELIEKVRKAHQETFPALCQLGKYTTNNSSEQRVSLDIDLWDKFSELSTKCIIKTVEFAKQLPGFTTLTIADQITLLKAACLDILILRICTRYTPEQDTMTFSDGLTLNRTQMHNAGFGPLTDLVFAFANQLLPLEMDDAETGLLSAICLICGDRQDLEQPDRVDMLQEPLLEALKVYVRKRRPSRPHMFPKMLMKITDLRSISAKGAERVITLKMEIPGSMPPLIQEMLENSEGLDTLSGQPGGGGRDGGGLAPPPGSCSPSLSPSSNRSSPATHSP nuclear hormone receptor family; NR1 subfamily Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone deacetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. Formation of a complex with histone deacetylases might lead to inhibition of RARE DNA element binding and to transcriptional repression. Transcriptional activation and RARE DNA element binding might be supported by the transcription factor KLF2. RARA plays an essential role in the regulation of retinoic acid-induced germ cell development during spermatogenesis (By similarity). Has a role in the survival of early spermatocytes at the beginning prophase of meiosis (By similarity). In Sertoli cells, may promote the survival and development of early meiotic prophase spermatocytes (By similarity). In concert with RARG, required for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function (By similarity). Together with RXRA, positively regulates microRNA-10a expression, thereby inhibiting the GATA6/VCAM1 signaling response to pulsatile shear stress in vascular endothelial cells M6ATAR00797 Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha-Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha (PML-RAR-Alpha) . . . . . . . PML-RAR-Alpha Protein coding . . . . M6ATAR00698 Retinoic acid-induced protein 1 (RAI1) . RAI1_HUMAN hsa:10743 HGNC:9834 . ENSG00000108557 10743 RAI1 Protein coding 17p11.2 MQSFRERCGFHGKQQNYQQTSQETSRLENYRQPSQAGLSCDRQRLLAKDYYNPQPYPSYEGGAGTPSGTAAAVAADKYHRGSKALPTQQGLQGRPAFPGYGVQDSSPYPGRYAGEESLQAWGAPQPPPPQPQPLPAGVAKYDENLMKKTAVPPSRQYAEQGAQVPFRTHSLHVQQPPPPQQPLAYPKLQRQKLQNDIASPLPFPQGTHFPQHSQSFPTSSTYSSSVQGGGQGAHSYKSCTAPTAQPHDRPLTASSSLAPGQRVQNLHAYQSGRLSYDQQQQQQQQQQQQQQALQSRHHAQETLHYQNLAKYQHYGQQGQGYCQPDAAVRTPEQYYQTFSPSSSHSPARSVGRSPSYSSTPSPLMPNLENFPYSQQPLSTGAFPAGITDHSHFMPLLNPSPTDATSSVDTQAGNCKPLQKDKLPENLLSDLSLQSLTALTSQVENISNTVQQLLLSKAAVPQKKGVKNLVSRTPEQHKSQHCSPEGSGYSAEPAGTPLSEPPSSTPQSTHAEPQEADYLSGSEDPLERSFLYCNQARGSPARVNSNSKAKPESVSTCSVTSPDDMSTKSDDSFQSLHGSLPLDSFSKFVAGERDCPRLLLSALAQEDLASEILGLQEAIGEKADKAWAEAPSLVKDSSKPPFSLENHSACLDSVAKSAWPRPGEPEALPDSLQLDKGGNAKDFSPGLFEDPSVAFATPDPKKTTGPLSFGTKPTLGVPAPDPTTAAFDCFPDTTAASSADSANPFAWPEENLGDACPRWGLHPGELTKGLEQGGKASDGISKGDTHEASACLGFQEEDPPGEKVASLPGDFKQEEVGGVKEEAGGLLQCPEVAKADRWLEDSRHCCSTADFGDLPLLPPTSRKEDLEAEEEYSSLCELLGSPEQRPGMQDPLSPKAPLICTKEEVEEVLDSKAGWGSPCHLSGESVILLGPTVGTESKVQSWFESSLSHMKPGEEGPDGERAPGDSTTSDASLAQKPNKPAVPEAPIAKKEPVPRGKSLRSRRVHRGLPEAEDSPCRAPVLPKDLLLPESCTGPPQGQMEGAGAPGRGASEGLPRMCTRSLTALSEPRTPGPPGLTTTPAPPDKLGGKQRAAFKSGKRVGKPSPKAASSPSNPAALPVASDSSPMGSKTKETDSPSTPGKDQRSMILRSRTKTQEIFHSKRRRPSEGRLPNCRATKKLLDNSHLPATFKVSSSPQKEGRVSQRARVPKPGAGSKLSDRPLHALKRKSAFMAPVPTKKRNLVLRSRSSSSSNASGNGGDGKEERPEGSPTLFKRMSSPKKAKPTKGNGEPATKLPPPETPDACLKLASRAAFQGAMKTKVLPPRKGRGLKLEAIVQKITSPSLKKFACKAPGASPGNPLSPSLSDKDRGLKGAGGSPVGVEEGLVNVGTGQKLPTSGADPLCRNPTNRSLKGKLMNSKKLSSTDCFKTEAFTSPEALQPGGTALAPKKRSRKGRAGAHGLSKGPLEKRPYLGPALLLTPRDRASGTQGASEDNSGGGGKKPKMEELGLASQPPEGRPCQPQTRAQKQPGHTNYSSYSKRKRLTRGRAKNTTSSPCKGRAKRRRQQQVLPLDPAEPEIRLKYISSCKRLRSDSRTPAFSPFVRVEKRDAFTTICTVVNSPGDAPKPHRKPSSSASSSSSSSSFSLDAAGASLATLPGGSILQPRPSLPLSSTMHLGPVVSKALSTSCLVCCLCQNPANFKDLGDLCGPYYPEHCLPKKKPKLKEKVRPEGTCEEASLPLERTLKGPECAAAATAGKPPRPDGPADPAKQGPLRTSARGLSRRLQSCYCCDGREDGGEEAAPADKGRKHECSKEAPAEPGGEAQEHWVHEACAVWTGGVYLVAGKLFGLQEAMKVAVDMMCSSCQEAGATIGCCHKGCLHTYHYPCASDAGCIFIEENFSLKCPKHKRLP . Transcriptional regulator of the circadian clock components: CLOCK, ARNTL/BMAL1, ARNTL2/BMAL2, PER1/3, CRY1/2, NR1D1/2 and RORA/C. Positively regulates the transcriptional activity of CLOCK a core component of the circadian clock. Regulates transcription through chromatin remodeling by interacting with other proteins in chromatin as well as proteins in the basic transcriptional machinery. May be important for embryonic and postnatal development. May be involved in neuronal differentiation. M6ATAR00661 Retrotransposon-derived protein PEG10 (PEG10) Embryonal carcinoma differentiation-regulated protein; Mammalian retrotransposon-derived protein 2; Myelin expression factor 3-like protein 1; MEF3-like protein 1; Paternally expressed gene 10 protein; Retrotransposon gag domain-containing protein 3; Retrotransposon-derived gag-like polyprotein; Ty3/Gypsy-like protein PEG10_HUMAN hsa:23089 HGNC:14005 . ENSG00000242265 23089 PEG10 Protein coding 7q21.3 MTERRRDELSEEINNLREKVMKQSEENNNLQSQVQKLTEENTTLREQVEPTPEDEDDDIELRGAAAAAAPPPPIEEECPEDLPEKFDGNPDMLAPFMAQCQIFMEKSTRDFSVDRVRVCFVTSMMTGRAARWASAKLERSHYLMHNYPAFMMEMKHVFEDPQRREVAKRKIRRLRQGMGSVIDYSNAFQMIAQDLDWNEPALIDQYHEGLSDHIQEELSHLEVAKSLSALIGQCIHIERRLARAAAARKPRSPPRALVLPHIASHHQVDPTEPVGGARMRLTQEEKERRRKLNLCLYCGTGGHYADNCPAKASKSSPAGKLPGPAVEGPSATGPEIIRSPQDDASSPHLQVMLQIHLPGRHTLFVRAMIDSGASGNFIDHEYVAQNGIPLRIKDWPILVEAIDGRPIASGPVVHETHDLIVDLGDHREVLSFDVTQSPFFPVVLGVRWLSTHDPNITWSTRSIVFDSEYCRYHCRMYSPIPPSLPPPAPQPPLYYPVDGYRVYQPVRYYYVQNVYTPVDEHVYPDHRLVDPHIEMIPGAHSIPSGHVYSLSEPEMAALRDFVARNVKDGLITPTIAPNGAQVLQVKRGWKLQVSYDCRAPNNFTIQNQYPRLSIPNLEDQAHLATYTEFVPQIPGYQTYPTYAAYPTYPVGFAWYPVGRDGQGRSLYVPVMITWNPHWYRQPPVPQYPPPQPPPPPPPPPPPPSYSTL . Retrotransposon-derived protein that binds its own mRNA and self-assembles into virion-like capsids. Forms virion-like extracellular vesicles that encapsulate their own mRNA and are released from cells, enabling intercellular transfer of PEG10 mRNA. Binds its own mRNA in the 5'-UTR region, in the region near the boundary between the nucleocapsid (NC) and protease (PRO) coding sequences and in the beginning of the 3'-UTR region . Involved in placenta formation: required for trophoblast stem cells differentiation (By similarity). Involved at the immediate early stage of adipocyte differentiation (By similarity). Overexpressed in many cancers and enhances tumor progression: promotes cell proliferation by driving cell cycle progression from G0/G1. Enhances cancer progression by inhibiting the TGF-beta signaling, possibly via interaction with the TGF-beta receptor ACVRL1. May bind to the 5'-GCCTGTCTTT-3' DNA sequence of the MB1 domain in the myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter; additional evidences are however required to confirm this result (By similarity). M6ATAR00795 Rho GTPase activating protein 5 (ARHGAP5) Rho GTPase-activating protein 5; Rho-type GTPase-activating protein 5; p190-B; RHOGAP5 RHG05_HUMAN hsa:394 HGNC:675 . ENSG00000100852 394 ARHGAP5 Protein coding 14q12 MMAKNKEPRPPSYTISIVGLSGTEKDKGNCGVGKSCLCNRFVRSKADEYYPEHTSVLSTIDFGGRVVNNDHFLYWGDIIQNSEDGVECKIHVIEQTEFIDDQTFLPHRSTNLQPYIKRAAASKLQSAEKLMYICTDQLGLEQDFEQKQMPEGKLNVDGFLLCIDVSQGCNRKFDDQLKFVNNLFVQLSKSKKPVIIAATKCDECVDHYLREVQAFASNKKNLLVVETSARFNVNIETCFTALVQMLDKTRSKPKIIPYLDAYKTQRQLVVTATDKFEKLVQTVRDYHATWKTVSNKLKNHPDYEEYINLEGTRKARNTFSKHIEQLKQEHIRKRREEYINTLPRAFNTLLPNLEEIEHLNWSEALKLMEKRADFQLCFVVLEKTPWDETDHIDKINDRRIPFDLLSTLEAEKVYQNHVQHLISEKRRVEMKEKFKKTLEKIQFISPGQPWEEVMCFVMEDEAYKYITEADSKEVYGRHQREIVEKAKEEFQEMLFEHSELFYDLDLNATPSSDKMSEIHTVLSEEPRYKALQKLAPDRESLLLKHIGFVYHPTKETCLSGQNCTDIKVEQLLASSLLQLDHGRLRLYHDSTNIDKVNLFILGKDGLAQELANEIRTQSTDDEYALDGKIYELDLRPVDAKSPYFLSQLWTAAFKPHGCFCVFNSIESLSFIGEFIGKIRTEASQIRKDKYMANLPFTLILANQRDSISKNLPILRHQGQQLANKLQCPFVDVPAGTYPRKFNETQIKQALRGVLESVKHNLDVVSPIPANKDLSEADLRIVMCAMCGDPFSVDLILSPFLDSHSCSAAQAGQNNSLMLDKIIGEKRRRIQITILSYHSSIGVRKDELVHGYILVYSAKRKASMGMLRAFLSEVQDTIPVQLVAVTDSQADFFENEAIKELMTEGEHIATEITAKFTALYSLSQYHRQTEVFTLFFSDVLEKKNMIENSYLSDNTRESTHQSEDVFLPSPRDCFPYNNYPDSDDDTEAPPPYSPIGDDVQLLPTPSDRSRYRLDLEGNEYPIHSTPNCHDHERNHKVPPPIKPKPVVPKTNVKKLDPNLLKTIEAGIGKNPRKQTSRVPLAHPEDMDPSDNYAEPIDTIFKQKGYSDEIYVVPDDSQNRIKIRNSFVNNTQGDEENGFSDRTSKSHGERRPSKYKYKSKTLFSKAKSYYRRTHSDASDDEAFTTSKTKRKGRHRGSEEDPLLSPVETWKGGIDNPAITSDQELDDKKMKKKTHKVKEDKKQKKKTKNFNPPTRRNWESNYFGMPLQDLVTAEKPIPLFVEKCVEFIEDTGLCTEGLYRVSGNKTDQDNIQKQFDQDHNINLVSMEVTVNAVAGALKAFFADLPDPLIPYSLHPELLEAAKIPDKTERLHALKEIVKKFHPVNYDVFRYVITHLNRVSQQHKINLMTADNLSICFWPTLMRPDFENREFLSTTKIHQSVVETFIQQCQFFFYNGEIVETTNIVAPPPPSNPGQLVEPMVPLQLPPPLQPQLIQPQLQTDPLG . GTPase-activating protein for Rho family members. M6ATAR00383 Rho GTPase-activating protein 7 (DLC1) Deleted in liver cancer 1 protein; DLC-1; HP protein; Rho-type GTPase-activating protein 7; START domain-containing protein 12; StARD12; StAR-related lipid transfer protein 12; ARHGAP7; KIAA1723; STARD12 RHG07_HUMAN hsa:10395 HGNC:2897 . ENSG00000164741 10395 DLC1 Protein coding 8p22 MSVAIRKRSWEEHVTHWMGQPFNSDDRNTACHHGLVADSLQASMEKDATLNVDRKEKCVSLPDCCHGSELRDFPGRPMGHLSKDVDENDSHEGEDQFLSLEASTETLVHVSDEDNNADLCLTDDKQVLNTQGQKTSGQHMIQGAGSLEKALPIIQSNQVSSNSWGIAGETELALVKESGERKVTDSISKSLELCNEISLSEIKDAPKVNAVDTLNVKDIAPEKQLLNSAVIAQQRRKPDPPKDENERSTCNVVQNEFLDTPCTNRGLPLLKTDFGSCLLQPPSCPNGMSAENGLEKSGFSQHQNKSPPKVKAEDGMQCLQLKETLATQEPTDNQVRLRKRKEIREDRDRARLDSMVLLIMKLDQLDQDIENALSTSSSPSGTPTNLRRHVPDLESGSESGADTISVNQTRVNLSSDTESTDLPSSTPVANSGTKPKTTAIQGISEKEKAEIEAKEACDWLRATGFPQYAQLYEDFLFPIDISLVKREHDFLDRDAIEALCRRLNTLNKCAVMKLEISPHRKRSDDSDEDEPCAISGKWTFQRDSKRWSRLEEFDVFSPKQDLVPGSPDDSHPKDGPSPGGTLMDLSERQEVSSVRSLSSTGSLPSHAPPSEDAATPRTNSVISVCSSSNLAGNDDSFGSLPSPKELSSFSFSMKGHEKTAKSKTRSLLKRMESLKLKSSHHSKHKAPSKLGLIISGPILQEGMDEEKLKQLNCVEISALNGNRINVPMVRKRSVSNSTQTSSSSSQSETSSAVSTPSPVTRTRSLSACNKRVGMYLEGFDPFNQSTFNNVVEQNFKNRESYPEDTVFYIPEDHKPGTFPKALTNGSFSPSGNNGSVNWRTGSFHGPGHISLRRENSSDSPKELKRRNSSSSMSSRLSIYDNVPGSILYSSSGDLADLENEDIFPELDDILYHVKGMQRIVNQWSEKFSDEGDSDSALDSVSPCPSSPKQIHLDVDNDRTTPSDLDSTGNSLNEPEEPSEIPERRDSGVGASLTRSNRHRLRWHSFQSSHRPSLNSVSLQINCQSVAQMNLLQKYSLLKLTALLEKYTPSNKHGFSWAVPKFMKRIKVPDYKDRSVFGVPLTVNVQRTGQPLPQSIQQAMRYLRNHCLDQVGLFRKSGVKSRIQALRQMNEGAIDCVNYEGQSAYDVADMLKQYFRDLPEPLMTNKLSETFLQIYQYVPKDQRLQAIKAAIMLLPDENREVLQTLLYFLSDVTAAVKENQMTPTNLAVCLAPSLFHLNTLKRENSSPRVMQRKQSLGKPDQKDLNENLAATQGLAHMIAECKKLFQVPEEMSRCRNSYTEQELKPLTLEALGHLGNDDSADYQHFLQDCVDGLFKEVKEKFKGWVSYSTSEQAELSYKKVSEGPPLRLWRSVIEVPAVPEEILKRLLKEQHLWDVDLLDSKVIEILDSQTEIYQYVQNSMAPHPARDYVVLRTWRTNLPKGACALLLTSVDHDRAPVVGVRVNVLLSRYLIEPCGPGKSKLTYMCRVDLRGHMPEWYTKSFGHLCAAEVVKIRDSFSNQNTETKDTKSR . Functions as a GTPase-activating protein for the small GTPases RHOA, RHOB, RHOC and CDC42, terminating their downstream signaling. This induces morphological changes and detachment through cytoskeletal reorganization, playing a critical role in biological processes such as cell migration and proliferation. Also functions in vivo as an activator of the phospholipase PLCD1. Active DLC1 increases cell migration velocity but reduces directionality. M6ATAR00647 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (ARHGEF2) Guanine nucleotide exchange factor H1; GEF-H1; Microtubule-regulated Rho-GEF; Proliferating cell nucleolar antigen p40 ARHG2_HUMAN hsa:9181 HGNC:682 . ENSG00000116584 9181 ARHGEF2 Protein coding 1q22 MSRIESLTRARIDRSRELASKTREKEKMKEAKDARYTNGHLFTTISVSGMTMCYACNKSITAKEALICPTCNVTIHNRCKDTLANCTKVKQKQQKAALLKNNTALQSVSLRSKTTIRERPSSAIYPSDSFRQSLLGSRRGRSSLSLAKSVSTTNIAGHFNDESPLGLRRILSQSTDSLNMRNRTLSVESLIDEAEVIYSELMSDFEMDEKDFAADSWSLAVDSSFLQQHKKEVMKQQDVIYELIQTELHHVRTLKIMTRLFRTGMLEELHLEPGVVQGLFPCVDELSDIHTRFLSQLLERRRQALCPGSTRNFVIHRLGDLLISQFSGPSAEQMCKTYSEFCSRHSKALKLYKELYARDKRFQQFIRKVTRPAVLKRHGVQECILLVTQRITKYPLLISRILQHSHGIEEERQDLTTALGLVKELLSNVDEGIYQLEKGARLQEIYNRMDPRAQTPVPGKGPFGREELLRRKLIHDGCLLWKTATGRFKDVLVLLMTDVLVFLQEKDQKYIFPTLDKPSVVSLQNLIVRDIANQEKGMFLISAAPPEMYEVHTASRDDRSTWIRVIQQSVRTCPSREDFPLIETEDEAYLRRIKMELQQKDRALVELLREKVGLFAEMTHFQAEEDGGSGMALPTLPRGLFRSESLESPRGERLLQDAIREVEGLKDLLVGPGVELLLTPREPALPLEPDSGGNTSPGVTANGEARTFNGSIELCRADSDSSQRDRNGNQLRSPQEEALQRLVNLYGLLHGLQAAVAQQDTLMEARFPEGPERREKLCRANSRDGEAGRAGAAPVAPEKQATELALLQRQHALLQEELRRCRRLGEERATEAGSLEARLRESEQARALLEREAEEARRQLAALGQTEPLPAEAPWARRPVDPRRRSLPAGDALYLSFNPPQPSRGTDRLDLPVTTRSVHRNFEDRERQELGSPEERLQDSSDPDTGSEEEGSSRLSPPHSPRDFTRMQDIPEETESRDGEAVASES . Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, innate immune response, and cancer. Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases, which was uniquely reported in. May stimulate instead the cortical activity of Rac. Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras-GTPases. Forms an intracellular sensing system along with NOD1 for the detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion by pathogens. Required for RHOA and RIP2 dependent NF-kappaB signaling pathways activation upon S.flexneri cell invasion. Involved not only in sensing peptidoglycan (PGN)-derived muropeptides through NOD1 that is independent of its GEF activity, but also in the activation of NF-kappaB by Shigella effector proteins (IpgB2 and OspB) which requires its GEF activity and the activation of RhoA. Involved in innate immune signaling transduction pathway promoting cytokine IL6/interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha secretion in macrophage upon stimulation by bacterial peptidoglycans; acts as a signaling intermediate between NOD2 receptor and RIPK2 kinase. Contributes to the tyrosine phosphorylation of RIPK2 through Src tyrosine kinase leading to NF-kappaB activation by NOD2. Overexpression activates Rho-, but not Rac-GTPases, and increases paracellular permeability (By similarity). Involved in neuronal progenitor cell division and differentiation. Involved in the migration of precerebellar neurons (By similarity). M6ATAR00142 RHPN1 antisense RNA 1 (head to head) (RHPN1-AS1) RHPN1-AS1; C8orf51; chromosome 8 open reading frame 51; RHPN1 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding); RHPN1 antisense RNA 1; MGC3113 . . HGNC:28457 . ENSG00000254389 78998 RHPN1-AS1 LncRNA 8q24.3 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00385 Ribonuclease 3 (DROSHA) Protein Drosha; Ribonuclease III; RNase III; p241; RN3; RNASE3L; RNASEN RNC_HUMAN hsa:29102 HGNC:17904 . ENSG00000113360 29102 DROSHA Protein coding 5p13.3 MMQGNTCHRMSFHPGRGCPRGRGGHGARPSAPSFRPQNLRLLHPQQPPVQYQYEPPSAPSTTFSNSPAPNFLPPRPDFVPFPPPMPPSAQGPLPPCPIRPPFPNHQMRHPFPVPPCFPPMPPPMPCPNNPPVPGAPPGQGTFPFMMPPPSMPHPPPPPVMPQQVNYQYPPGYSHHNFPPPSFNSFQNNPSSFLPSANNSSSPHFRHLPPYPLPKAPSERRSPERLKHYDDHRHRDHSHGRGERHRSLDRRERGRSPDRRRQDSRYRSDYDRGRTPSRHRSYERSRERERERHRHRDNRRSPSLERSYKKEYKRSGRSYGLSVVPEPAGCTPELPGEIIKNTDSWAPPLEIVNHRSPSREKKRARWEEEKDRWSDNQSSGKDKNYTSIKEKEPEETMPDKNEEEEEELLKPVWIRCTHSENYYSSDPMDQVGDSTVVGTSRLRDLYDKFEEELGSRQEKAKAARPPWEPPKTKLDEDLESSSESECESDEDSTCSSSSDSEVFDVIAEIKRKKAHPDRLHDELWYNDPGQMNDGPLCKCSAKARRTGIRHSIYPGEEAIKPCRPMTNNAGRLFHYRITVSPPTNFLTDRPTVIEYDDHEYIFEGFSMFAHAPLTNIPLCKVIRFNIDYTIHFIEEMMPENFCVKGLELFSLFLFRDILELYDWNLKGPLFEDSPPCCPRFHFMPRFVRFLPDGGKEVLSMHQILLYLLRCSKALVPEEEIANMLQWEELEWQKYAEECKGMIVTNPGTKPSSVRIDQLDREQFNPDVITFPIIVHFGIRPAQLSYAGDPQYQKLWKSYVKLRHLLANSPKVKQTDKQKLAQREEALQKIRQKNTMRREVTVELSSQGFWKTGIRSDVCQHAMMLPVLTHHIRYHQCLMHLDKLIGYTFQDRCLLQLAMTHPSHHLNFGMNPDHARNSLSNCGIRQPKYGDRKVHHMHMRKKGINTLINIMSRLGQDDPTPSRINHNERLEFLGDAVVEFLTSVHLYYLFPSLEEGGLATYRTAIVQNQHLAMLAKKLELDRFMLYAHGPDLCRESDLRHAMANCFEALIGAVYLEGSLEEAKQLFGRLLFNDPDLREVWLNYPLHPLQLQEPNTDRQLIETSPVLQKLTEFEEAIGVIFTHVRLLARAFTLRTVGFNHLTLGHNQRMEFLGDSIMQLVATEYLFIHFPDHHEGHLTLLRSSLVNNRTQAKVAEELGMQEYAITNDKTKRPVALRTKTLADLLESFIAALYIDKDLEYVHTFMNVCFFPRLKEFILNQDWNDPKSQLQQCCLTLRTEGKEPDIPLYKTLQTVGPSHARTYTVAVYFKGERIGCGKGPSIQQAEMGAAMDALEKYNFPQMAHQKRFIERKYRQELKEMRWEREHQEREPDETEDIKK ribonuclease III family Ribonuclease III double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonuclease that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DROSHA cleaves the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop in pri-miRNAs (processing center 11 bp from the dsRNA-ssRNA junction) to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. Involved also in pre-rRNA processing. Cleaves double-strand RNA and does not cleave single-strand RNA. Involved in the formation of GW bodies. M6ATAR00313 Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (RPS6KB1/p70S6K) S6K-beta-1; S6K1; 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1; P70S6K1; p70-S6K 1; Ribosomal protein S6 kinase I; Serine/threonine-protein kinase 14A; p70 ribosomal S6 kinase alpha; p70 S6 kinase alpha; p70 S6K-alpha; p70 S6KA; STK14A KS6B1_HUMAN hsa:6198 HGNC:10436 . ENSG00000108443 6198 RPS6KB1 Protein coding 17q23.1 MRRRRRRDGFYPAPDFRDREAEDMAGVFDIDLDQPEDAGSEDELEEGGQLNESMDHGGVGPYELGMEHCEKFEISETSVNRGPEKIRPECFELLRVLGKGGYGKVFQVRKVTGANTGKIFAMKVLKKAMIVRNAKDTAHTKAERNILEEVKHPFIVDLIYAFQTGGKLYLILEYLSGGELFMQLEREGIFMEDTACFYLAEISMALGHLHQKGIIYRDLKPENIMLNHQGHVKLTDFGLCKESIHDGTVTHTFCGTIEYMAPEILMRSGHNRAVDWWSLGALMYDMLTGAPPFTGENRKKTIDKILKCKLNLPPYLTQEARDLLKKLLKRNAASRLGAGPGDAGEVQAHPFFRHINWEELLARKVEPPFKPLLQSEEDVSQFDSKFTRQTPVDSPDDSTLSESANQVFLGFTYVAPSVLESVKEKFSFEPKIRSPRRFIGSPRTPVSPVKFSPGDFWGRGASASTANPQTPVEYPMETSGIEQMDVTMSGEASAPLPIRQPNSGPYKKQAFPMISKRPEHLRMNL protein kinase superfamily; AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family; S6 kinase subfamily Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts downstream of mTOR signaling in response to growth factors and nutrients to promote cell proliferation, cell growth and cell cycle progression. Regulates protein synthesis through phosphorylation of EIF4B, RPS6 and EEF2K, and contributes to cell survival by repressing the pro-apoptotic function of BAD. Under conditions of nutrient depletion, the inactive form associates with the EIF3 translation initiation complex. Upon mitogenic stimulation, phosphorylation by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) leads to dissociation from the EIF3 complex and activation. The active form then phosphorylates and activates several substrates in the pre-initiation complex, including the EIF2B complex and the cap-binding complex component EIF4B. Also controls translation initiation by phosphorylating a negative regulator of EIF4A, PDCD4, targeting it for ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis. Promotes initiation of the pioneer round of protein synthesis by phosphorylating POLDIP3/SKAR. In response to IGF1, activates translation elongation by phosphorylating EEF2 kinase (EEF2K), which leads to its inhibition and thus activation of EEF2. Also plays a role in feedback regulation of mTORC2 by mTORC1 by phosphorylating RICTOR, resulting in the inhibition of mTORC2 and AKT1 signaling. Mediates cell survival by phosphorylating the pro-apoptotic protein BAD and suppressing its pro-apoptotic function. Phosphorylates mitochondrial URI1 leading to dissociation of a URI1-PPP1CC complex. The free mitochondrial PPP1CC can then dephosphorylate RPS6KB1 at Thr-412, which is proposed to be a negative feedback mechanism for the RPS6KB1 anti-apoptotic function. Mediates TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance by phosphorylating IRS1 at multiple serine residues, resulting in accelerated degradation of IRS1. In cells lacking functional TSC1-2 complex, constitutively phosphorylates and inhibits GSK3B. May be involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement through binding to neurabin. Phosphorylates and activates the pyrimidine biosynthesis enzyme CAD, downstream of MTOR. Following activation by mTORC1, phosphorylates EPRS and thereby plays a key role in fatty acid uptake by adipocytes and also most probably in interferon-gamma-induced translation inhibition. M6ATAR00567 RIG-I-like receptor 1 (RIG-I) ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX58; DEAD box protein 58; RIG-I-like receptor 1; RLR-1; Retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 protein; RIG-1; Retinoic acid-inducible gene I protein; RIG-I DDX58_HUMAN hsa:23586 HGNC:19102 . ENSG00000107201 23586 RIG-I Protein coding 9p21.1 MTTEQRRSLQAFQDYIRKTLDPTYILSYMAPWFREEEVQYIQAEKNNKGPMEAATLFLKFLLELQEEGWFRGFLDALDHAGYSGLYEAIESWDFKKIEKLEEYRLLLKRLQPEFKTRIIPTDIISDLSECLINQECEEILQICSTKGMMAGAEKLVECLLRSDKENWPKTLKLALEKERNKFSELWIVEKGIKDVETEDLEDKMETSDIQIFYQEDPECQNLSENSCPPSEVSDTNLYSPFKPRNYQLELALPAMKGKNTIICAPTGCGKTFVSLLICEHHLKKFPQGQKGKVVFFANQIPVYEQQKSVFSKYFERHGYRVTGISGATAENVPVEQIVENNDIIILTPQILVNNLKKGTIPSLSIFTLMIFDECHNTSKQHPYNMIMFNYLDQKLGGSSGPLPQVIGLTASVGVGDAKNTDEALDYICKLCASLDASVIATVKHNLEELEQVVYKPQKFFRKVESRISDKFKYIIAQLMRDTESLAKRICKDLENLSQIQNREFGTQKYEQWIVTVQKACMVFQMPDKDEESRICKALFLYTSHLRKYNDALIISEHARMKDALDYLKDFFSNVRAAGFDEIEQDLTQRFEEKLQELESVSRDPSNENPKLEDLCFILQEEYHLNPETITILFVKTRALVDALKNWIEGNPKLSFLKPGILTGRGKTNQNTGMTLPAQKCILDAFKASGDHNILIATSVADEGIDIAQCNLVILYEYVGNVIKMIQTRGRGRARGSKCFLLTSNAGVIEKEQINMYKEKMMNDSILRLQTWDEAVFREKILHIQTHEKFIRDSQEKPKPVPDKENKKLLCRKCKALACYTADVRVIEECHYTVLGDAFKECFVSRPHPKPKQFSSFEKRAKIFCARQNCSHDWGIHVKYKTFEIPVIKIESFVVEDIATGVQTLYSKWKDFHFEKIPFDPAEMSK Helicase family, RLR subfamily Innate immune receptor that senses cytoplasmic viral nucleic acids and activates a downstream signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Forms a ribonucleoprotein complex with viral RNAs on which it homooligomerizes to form filaments. The homooligomerization allows the recruitment of RNF135 an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that activates and amplifies the RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling in an RNA length-dependent manner through ubiquitination-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Upon activation, associates with mitochondria antiviral signaling protein (MAVS/IPS1) that activates the IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE which in turn phosphorylate the interferon regulatory factors IRF3 and IRF7, activating transcription of antiviral immunological genes including the IFN-alpha and IFN-beta interferons. Ligands include 5'-triphosphorylated ssRNAs and dsRNAs but also short dsRNAs (<1 kb in length) . In addition to the 5'-triphosphate moiety, blunt-end base pairing at the 5'-end of the RNA is very essential. Overhangs at the non-triphosphorylated end of the dsRNA RNA have no major impact on its activity. A 3'overhang at the 5'triphosphate end decreases and any 5'overhang at the 5' triphosphate end abolishes its activity. Detects both positive and negative strand RNA viruses including members of the families Paramyxoviridae: Human respiratory syncytial virus and measles virus (MeV), Rhabdoviridae: vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), Orthomyxoviridae: influenza A and B virus, Flaviviridae: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), dengue virus (DENV) and west Nile virus (WNV) . It also detects rotaviruses and reoviruses . Detects and binds to SARS-CoV-2 RNAs which is inhibited by m6A RNA modifications (Ref.65). Also involved in antiviral signaling in response to viruses containing a dsDNA genome such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Detects dsRNA produced from non-self dsDNA by RNA polymerase III, such as Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs (EBERs). May play important roles in granulocyte production and differentiation, bacterial phagocytosis and in the regulation of cell migration. M6ATAR00345 RMRP RMRPR; RRP2; NME1; RNase MRP RNA . . HGNC:10031 . ENSG00000277027 6023 NME1 LncRNA 9p13.3 . . . M6ATAR00353 RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase NSUN2 (NSUN2) Myc-induced SUN domain-containing protein; Misu; NOL1/NOP2/Sun domain family member 2; Substrate of AIM1/Aurora kinase B; mRNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase; tRNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase; tRNA methyltransferase 4 homolog; hTrm4; SAKI; TRM4 NSUN2_HUMAN hsa:54888 HGNC:25994 . ENSG00000037474 54888 NSUN2 Protein coding 5p15.31 MGRRSRGRRLQQQQRPEDAEDGAEGGGKRGEAGWEGGYPEIVKENKLFEHYYQELKIVPEGEWGQFMDALREPLPATLRITGYKSHAKEILHCLKNKYFKELEDLEVDGQKVEVPQPLSWYPEELAWHTNLSRKILRKSPHLEKFHQFLVSETESGNISRQEAVSMIPPLLLNVRPHHKILDMCAAPGSKTTQLIEMLHADMNVPFPEGFVIANDVDNKRCYLLVHQAKRLSSPCIMVVNHDASSIPRLQIDVDGRKEILFYDRILCDVPCSGDGTMRKNIDVWKKWTTLNSLQLHGLQLRIATRGAEQLAEGGRMVYSTCSLNPIEDEAVIASLLEKSEGALELADVSNELPGLKWMPGITQWKVMTKDGQWFTDWDAVPHSRHTQIRPTMFPPKDPEKLQAMHLERCLRILPHHQNTGGFFVAVLVKKSSMPWNKRQPKLQGKSAETRESTQLSPADLTEGKPTDPSKLESPSFTGTGDTEIAHATEDLENNGSKKDGVCGPPPSKKMKLFGFKEDPFVFIPEDDPLFPPIEKFYALDPSFPRMNLLTRTTEGKKRQLYMVSKELRNVLLNNSEKMKVINTGIKVWCRNNSGEEFDCAFRLAQEGIYTLYPFINSRIITVSMEDVKILLTQENPFFRKLSSETYSQAKDLAKGSIVLKYEPDSANPDALQCPIVLCGWRGKASIRTFVPKNERLHYLRMMGLEVLGEKKKEGVILTNESAASTGQPDNDVTEGQRAGEPNSPDAEEANSPDVTAGCDPAGVHPPR class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily; RsmB/NOP family; TRM4 subfamily RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase that methylates cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in various RNAs, such as tRNAs, mRNAs and some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Involved in various processes, such as epidermal stem cell differentiation, testis differentiation and maternal to zygotic transition during early development: acts by increasing protein synthesis; cytosine C(5)-methylation promoting tRNA stability and preventing mRNA decay. Methylates cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) at positions 34 and 48 of intron-containing tRNA(Leu)(CAA) precursors, and at positions 48, 49 and 50 of tRNA(Gly)(GCC) precursors . tRNA methylation is required generation of RNA fragments derived from tRNAs (tRFs). Also mediates C(5)-methylation of mitochondrial tRNAs. Catalyzes cytosine C(5)-methylation of mRNAs, leading to stabilize them and prevent mRNA decay: mRNA stabilization involves YBX1 that specifically recognizes and binds m5C-modified transcripts. Cytosine C(5)-methylation of mRNAs also regulates mRNA export: methylated transcripts are specifically recognized by THOC4/ALYREF, which mediates mRNA nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling. Also mediates cytosine C(5)-methylation of non-coding RNAs, such as vault RNAs (vtRNAs), promoting their processing into regulatory small RNAs. Cytosine C(5)-methylation of vtRNA VTRNA1.1 promotes its processing into small-vault RNA4 (svRNA4) and regulates epidermal differentiation. May act downstream of Myc to regulate epidermal cell growth and proliferation (By similarity). Required for proper spindle assembly and chromosome segregation, independently of its methyltransferase activity . M6ATAR00350 RNA-binding protein NOB1 (NOB1) Phosphorylation regulatory protein HP-10; Protein ART-4; ART4; NOB1P; PSMD8BP1; MSTP158 NOB1_HUMAN hsa:28987 HGNC:29540 . ENSG00000141101 28987 NOB1 Protein coding 16q22.1 MAPVEHVVADAGAFLRHAALQDIGKNIYTIREVVTEIRDKATRRRLAVLPYELRFKEPLPEYVRLVTEFSKKTGDYPSLSATDIQVLALTYQLEAEFVGVSHLKQEPQKVKVSSSIQHPETPLHISGFHLPYKPKPPQETEKGHSACEPENLEFSSFMFWRNPLPNIDHELQELLIDRGEDVPSEEEEEEENGFEDRKDDSDDDGGGWITPSNIKQIQQELEQCDVPEDVRVGCLTTDFAMQNVLLQMGLHVLAVNGMLIREARSYILRCHGCFKTTSDMSRVFCSHCGNKTLKKVSVTVSDDGTLHMHFSRNPKVLNPRGLRYSLPTPKGGKYAINPHLTEDQRFPQLRLSQKARQKTNVFAPDYIAGVSPFVENDISSRSATLQVRDSTLGAGRRRLNPNASRKKFVKKR NOB1 family May play a role in mRNA degradation (Probable). Endonuclease required for processing of 20S pre-rRNA precursor and biogenesis of 40S ribosomal subunits (By similarity). M6ATAR00052 RP11-108L7.15 . . . . . . . RP11-108L7.15 LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00513 Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) Acute myeloid leukemia 3 protein; Core-binding factor subunit alpha-1; CBF-alpha-1; Oncogene AML-3; Osteoblast-specific transcription factor 2; OSF-2; Polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2 alpha A subunit; PEA2-alpha A; PEBP2-alpha A; SL3-3 enhancer factor 1 alpha A subunit; SL3/AKV core-binding factor alpha A subunit RUNX2_HUMAN hsa:860 HGNC:10472 . ENSG00000124813 860 Runx2 Protein coding 6p21.1 MASNSLFSTVTPCQQNFFWDPSTSRRFSPPSSSLQPGKMSDVSPVVAAQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAVPRLRPPHDNRTMVEIIADHPAELVRTDSPNFLCSVLPSHWRCNKTLPVAFKVVALGEVPDGTVVTVMAGNDENYSAELRNASAVMKNQVARFNDLRFVGRSGRGKSFTLTITVFTNPPQVATYHRAIKVTVDGPREPRRHRQKLDDSKPSLFSDRLSDLGRIPHPSMRVGVPPQNPRPSLNSAPSPFNPQGQSQITDPRQAQSSPPWSYDQSYPSYLSQMTSPSIHSTTPLSSTRGTGLPAITDVPRRISDDDTATSDFCLWPSTLSKKSQAGASELGPFSDPRQFPSISSLTESRFSNPRMHYPATFTYTPPVTSGMSLGMSATTHYHTYLPPPYPGSSQSQSGPFQTSSTPYLYYGTSSGSYQFPMVPGGDRSPSRMLPPCTTTSNGSTLLNPNLPNQNDGVDADGSHSSSPTVLNSSGRMDESVWRPY . Transcription factor involved in osteoblastic differentiation and skeletal morphogenesis. Essential for the maturation of osteoblasts and both intramembranous and endochondral ossification. CBF binds to the core site, 5'-PYGPYGGT-3', of a number of enhancers and promoters, including murine leukemia virus, polyomavirus enhancer, T-cell receptor enhancers, osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, alpha 1(I) collagen, LCK, IL-3 and GM-CSF promoters. In osteoblasts, supports transcription activation: synergizes with SPEN/MINT to enhance FGFR2-mediated activation of the osteocalcin FGF-responsive element (OCFRE) (By similarity). Inhibits KAT6B-dependent transcriptional activation. M6ATAR00457 Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2a/ATP2A2) SERCA2; SR Ca(2+)-ATPase 2; Calcium pump 2; Calcium-transporting ATPase sarcoplasmic reticulum type, slow twitch skeletal muscle isoform; Endoplasmic reticulum class 1/2 Ca(2+) ATPase; ATP2B AT2A2_HUMAN hsa:488 HGNC:812 . ENSG00000174437 488 ATP2A2 Protein coding . MENAHTKTVEEVLGHFGVNESTGLSLEQVKKLKERWGSNELPAEEGKTLLELVIEQFEDLLVRILLLAACISFVLAWFEEGEETITAFVEPFVILLILVANAIVGVWQERNAENAIEALKEYEPEMGKVYRQDRKSVQRIKAKDIVPGDIVEIAVGDKVPADIRLTSIKSTTLRVDQSILTGESVSVIKHTDPVPDPRAVNQDKKNMLFSGTNIAAGKAMGVVVATGVNTEIGKIRDEMVATEQERTPLQQKLDEFGEQLSKVISLICIAVWIINIGHFNDPVHGGSWIRGAIYYFKIAVALAVAAIPEGLPAVITTCLALGTRRMAKKNAIVRSLPSVETLGCTSVICSDKTGTLTTNQMSVCRMFILDRVEGDTCSLNEFTITGSTYAPIGEVHKDDKPVNCHQYDGLVELATICALCNDSALDYNEAKGVYEKVGEATETALTCLVEKMNVFDTELKGLSKIERANACNSVIKQLMKKEFTLEFSRDRKSMSVYCTPNKPSRTSMSKMFVKGAPEGVIDRCTHIRVGSTKVPMTSGVKQKIMSVIREWGSGSDTLRCLALATHDNPLRREEMHLEDSANFIKYETNLTFVGCVGMLDPPRIEVASSVKLCRQAGIRVIMITGDNKGTAVAICRRIGIFGQDEDVTSKAFTGREFDELNPSAQRDACLNARCFARVEPSHKSKIVEFLQSFDEITAMTGDGVNDAPALKKAEIGIAMGSGTAVAKTASEMVLADDNFSTIVAAVEEGRAIYNNMKQFIRYLISSNVGEVVCIFLTAALGFPEALIPVQLLWVNLVTDGLPATALGFNPPDLDIMNKPPRNPKEPLISGWLFFRYLAIGCYVGAATVGAAAWWFIAADGGPRVSFYQLSHFLQCKEDNPDFEGVDCAIFESPYPMTMALSVLVTIEMCNALNSLSENQSLLRMPPWENIWLVGSICLSMSLHFLILYVEPLPLIFQITPLNVTQWLMVLKISLPVILMDETLKFVARNYLEPGKECVQPATKSCSFSACTDGISWPFVLLIMPLVIWVYSTDTNFSDMFWS cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIA subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen. Involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Upon interaction with VMP1 and activation, controls ER-isolation membrane contacts for autophagosome formation. Also modulates ER contacts with lipid droplets, mitochondria and endosomes; [Isoform 2]: Involved in the regulation of the contraction/relaxation cycle. Acts as a regulator of TNFSF11-mediated Ca(2+) signaling pathways via its interaction with TMEM64 which is critical for the TNFSF11-induced CREB1 activation and mitochondrial ROS generation necessary for proper osteoclast generation. Association between TMEM64 and SERCA2 in the ER leads to cytosolic Ca(2+) spiking for activation of NFATC1 and production of mitochondrial ROS, thereby triggering Ca(2+) signaling cascades that promote osteoclast differentiation and activation.. M6ATAR00413 Scavenger receptor class F member 1 (SCARF1) Acetyl LDL receptor; Scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells 1; SREC-I; KIAA0149; SREC SREC_HUMAN hsa:8578 HGNC:16820 . ENSG00000074660; ENSG00000276336 8578 SCARF1 Protein coding 17p13.3 MGLGLLLPLLLLWTRGTQGSELDPKGQHVCVASSPSAELQCCAGWRQKDQECTIPICEGPDACQKDEVCVKPGLCRCKPGFFGAHCSSRCPGQYWGPDCRESCPCHPHGQCEPATGACQCQADRWGARCEFPCACGPHGRCDPATGVCHCEPGWWSSTCRRPCQCNTAAARCEQATGACVCKPGWWGRRCSFRCNCHGSPCEQDSGRCACRPGWWGPECQQQCECVRGRCSAASGECTCPPGFRGARCELPCPAGSHGVQCAHSCGRCKHNEPCSPDTGSCESCEPGWNGTQCQQPCLPGTFGESCEQQCPHCRHGEACEPDTGHCQRCDPGWLGPRCEDPCPTGTFGEDCGSTCPTCVQGSCDTVTGDCVCSAGYWGPSCNASCPAGFHGNNCSVPCECPEGLCHPVSGSCQPGSGSRDTALIAGSLVPLLLLFLGLACCACCCWAPRSDLKDRPARDGATVSRMKLQVWGTLTSLGSTLPCRSLSSHKLPWVTVSHHDPEVPFNHSFIEPPSAGWATDDSFSSDPESGEADEVPAYCVPPQEGMVPVAQAGSSEASLAAGAFPPPEDASTPFAIPRTSSLARAKRPSVSFAEGTKFAPQSRRSSGELSSPLRKPKRLSRGAQSGPEGREAEESTGPEEAEAPESFPAAASPGDSATGHRRPPLGGRTVAEHVEAIEGSVQESSGPVTTIYMLAGKPRGSEGPVRSVFRHFGSFQKGQAEAKVKRAIPKPPRQALNRKKGSPGLASGSVGQSPNSAPKAGLPGATGPMAVRPEEAVRGLGAGTESSRRAQEPVSGCGSPEQDPQKQAEEERQEEPEYENVVPISRPPEP . Mediates the binding and degradation of acetylated low density lipoprotein (Ac-LDL). Mediates heterophilic interactions, suggesting a function as adhesion protein. Plays a role in the regulation of neurite-like outgrowth (By similarity). M6ATAR00645 Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) FRP-2; sFRP-2; Secreted apoptosis-related protein 1; SARP-1 SFRP2_HUMAN hsa:6423 HGNC:10777 . ENSG00000145423 6423 SFRP2 Protein coding 4q31.3 MLQGPGSLLLLFLASHCCLGSARGLFLFGQPDFSYKRSNCKPIPANLQLCHGIEYQNMRLPNLLGHETMKEVLEQAGAWIPLVMKQCHPDTKKFLCSLFAPVCLDDLDETIQPCHSLCVQVKDRCAPVMSAFGFPWPDMLECDRFPQDNDLCIPLASSDHLLPATEEAPKVCEACKNKNDDDNDIMETLCKNDFALKIKVKEITYINRDTKIILETKSKTIYKLNGVSERDLKKSVLWLKDSLQCTCEEMNDINAPYLVMGQKQGGELVITSVKRWQKGQREFKRISRSIRKLQC Secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP) family Soluble frizzled-related proteins (sFRPS) function as modulators of Wnt signaling through direct interaction with Wnts. They have a role in regulating cell growth and differentiation in specific cell types. SFRP2 may be important for eye retinal development and for myogenesis. M6ATAR00076 Septin 14 pseudogene 20 (SEPTIN14P20/LINC00266-1) SEPTIN14P20; SEPT14P20LINC00266-1C20orf69NCRNA00266NCRNA00266-1; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 266-1; chromosome 20 open reading frame 69; non-protein coding RNA 266; non-protein coding RNA 266-1; bA476I15.3; RBRP; RNA-binding regulatory peptide . . HGNC:51706 . . 107126285 SEPTIN14P20 LncRNA 20q13.33 . . . M6ATAR00410 Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) EBI3-associated protein of 60 kDa; EBIAP; p60; Phosphotyrosine-independent ligand for the Lck SH2 domain of 62 kDa; Ubiquitin-binding protein p62; ORCA; OSIL SQSTM_HUMAN hsa:8878 HGNC:11280 . ENSG00000161011 8878 SQSTM1 Protein coding 5q35.3 MASLTVKAYLLGKEDAAREIRRFSFCCSPEPEAEAEAAAGPGPCERLLSRVAALFPALRPGGFQAHYRDEDGDLVAFSSDEELTMAMSYVKDDIFRIYIKEKKECRRDHRPPCAQEAPRNMVHPNVICDGCNGPVVGTRYKCSVCPDYDLCSVCEGKGLHRGHTKLAFPSPFGHLSEGFSHSRWLRKVKHGHFGWPGWEMGPPGNWSPRPPRAGEARPGPTAESASGPSEDPSVNFLKNVGESVAAALSPLGIEVDIDVEHGGKRSRLTPVSPESSSTEEKSSSQPSSCCSDPSKPGGNVEGATQSLAEQMRKIALESEGRPEEQMESDNCSGGDDDWTHLSSKEVDPSTGELQSLQMPESEGPSSLDPSQEGPTGLKEAALYPHLPPEADPRLIESLSQMLSMGFSDEGGWLTRLLQTKNYDIGAALDTIQYSKHPPPL . Autophagy receptor required for selective macroautophagy (aggrephagy). Functions as a bridge between polyubiquitinated cargo and autophagosomes. Interacts directly with both the cargo to become degraded and an autophagy modifier of the MAP1 LC3 family . Along with WDFY3, involved in the formation and autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic ubiquitin-containing inclusions (p62 bodies, ALIS/aggresome-like induced structures). Along with WDFY3, required to recruit ubiquitinated proteins to PML bodies in the nucleus. May regulate the activation of NFKB1 by TNF-alpha, nerve growth factor (NGF) and interleukin-1. May play a role in titin/TTN downstream signaling in muscle cells. May regulate signaling cascades through ubiquitination. Adapter that mediates the interaction between TRAF6 and CYLD (By similarity). May be involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis, immune response and regulation of K(+) channels. Involved in endosome organization by retaining vesicles in the perinuclear cloud: following ubiquitination by RNF26, attracts specific vesicle-associated adapters, forming a molecular bridge that restrains cognate vesicles in the perinuclear region and organizes the endosomal pathway for efficient cargo transport. Promotes relocalization of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitinated STING1 to autophagosomes. Acts as an activator of the NFE2L2/NRF2 pathway via interaction with KEAP1: interaction inactivates the BCR(KEAP1) complex, promoting nuclear accumulation of NFE2L2/NRF2 and subsequent expression of cytoprotective genes. M6ATAR00570 Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 10 (SRSF10) 40 kDa SR-repressor protein; SRrp40; FUS-interacting serine-arginine-rich protein 1; Splicing factor SRp38; Splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 13A; TLS-associated protein with Ser-Arg repeats; TASR; TLS-associated protein with SR repeats; TLS-associated serine-arginine protein; TLS-associated SR protein SRS10_HUMAN hsa:10772 HGNC:16713 . ENSG00000188529 10772 SRSF10 Protein coding 1p36.11 MSRYLRPPNTSLFVRNVADDTRSEDLRREFGRYGPIVDVYVPLDFYTRRPRGFAYVQFEDVRDAEDALHNLDRKWICGRQIEIQFAQGDRKTPNQMKAKEGRNVYSSSRYDDYDRYRRSRSRSYERRRSRSRSFDYNYRRSYSPRNSRPTGRPRRSRSHSDNDRFKHRNRSFSRSKSNSRSRSKSQPKKEMKAKSRSRSASHTKTRGTSKTDSKTHYKSGSRYEKESRKKEPPRSKSQSRSQSRSRSKSRSRSWTSPKSSGH Splicing factor SR family Splicing factor that in its dephosphorylated form acts as a general repressor of pre-mRNA splicing. Seems to interfere with the U1 snRNP 5'-splice recognition of SNRNP70. Required for splicing repression in M-phase cells and after heat shock. Also acts as a splicing factor that specifically promotes exon skipping during alternative splicing. Interaction with YTHDC1, a RNA-binding protein that recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing RNAs, prevents SRSF10 from binding to its mRNA-binding sites close to m6A-containing regions, leading to inhibit exon skipping during alternative splicing. May be involved in regulation of alternative splicing in neurons, with isoform 1 acting as a positive and isoform 3 as a negative regulator. M6ATAR00415 Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 11 (SRSF11) Arginine-rich 54 kDa nuclear protein; p54; Splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 11; SFRS11 SRS11_HUMAN hsa:9295 HGNC:10782 . ENSG00000116754 9295 SRSF11 Protein coding 1p31.1 MSNTTVVPSTAGPGPSGGPGGGGGGGGGGGGTEVIQVTNVSPSASSEQMRTLFGFLGKIDELRLFPPDDSPLPVSSRVCFVKFHDPDSAVVAQHLTNTVFVDRALIVVPYAEGVIPDEAKALSLLAPANAVAGLLPGGGLLPTPNPLTQIGAVPLAALGAPTLDPALAALGLPGANLNSQSLAADQLLKLMSTVDPKLNHVAAGLVSPSLKSDTSSKEIEEAMKRVREAQSLISAAIEPDKKEEKRRHSRSRSRSRRRRTPSSSRHRRSRSRSRRRSHSKSRSRRRSKSPRRRRSHSRERGRRSRSTSKTRDKKKEDKEKKRSKTPPKSYSTARRSRSASRERRRRRSRSGTRSPKKPRSPKRKLSRSPSPRRHKKEKKKDKDKERSRDERERSTSKKKKSKDKEKDRERKSESDKDVKQVTRDYDEEEQGYDSEKEKKEEKKPIETGSPKTKECSVEKGTGDSLRESKVNGDDHHEEDMDMSD splicing factor SR family May function in pre-mRNA splicing. M6ATAR00416 Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) Pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRP20; Splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 3; SFRS3; SRP20 SRSF3_HUMAN hsa:6428 HGNC:10785 . ENSG00000112081 6428 SRSF3 Protein coding 6p21.31-p21.2 MHRDSCPLDCKVYVGNLGNNGNKTELERAFGYYGPLRSVWVARNPPGFAFVEFEDPRDAADAVRELDGRTLCGCRVRVELSNGEKRSRNRGPPPSWGRRPRDDYRRRSPPPRRRSPRRRSFSRSRSRSLSRDRRRERSLSRERNHKPSRSFSRSRSRSRSNERK splicing factor SR family Splicing factor that specifically promotes exon-inclusion during alternative splicing. Interaction with YTHDC1, a RNA-binding protein that recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing RNAs, promotes recruitment of SRSF3 to its mRNA-binding elements adjacent to m6A sites, leading to exon-inclusion during alternative splicing. Also functions as export adapter involved in mRNA nuclear export . Binds mRNA which is thought to be transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export (TAP/NXF1 pathway); enhances NXF1-NXT1 RNA-binding activity. Involved in nuclear export of m6A-containing mRNAs via interaction with YTHDC1: interaction with YTHDC1 facilitates m6A-containing mRNA-binding to both SRSF3 and NXF1, promoting mRNA nuclear export. RNA-binding is semi-sequence specific . M6ATAR00417 Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6) Pre-mRNA-splicing factor SRP55; Splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 6; SFRS6; SRP55 SRSF6_HUMAN hsa:6431 HGNC:10788 . ENSG00000124193 6431 SRSF6 Protein coding 20q13.11 MPRVYIGRLSYNVREKDIQRFFSGYGRLLEVDLKNGYGFVEFEDSRDADDAVYELNGKELCGERVIVEHARGPRRDRDGYSYGSRSGGGGYSSRRTSGRDKYGPPVRTEYRLIVENLSSRCSWQDLKDFMRQAGEVTYADAHKERTNEGVIEFRSYSDMKRALDKLDGTEINGRNIRLIEDKPRTSHRRSYSGSRSRSRSRRRSRSRSRRSSRSRSRSISKSRSRSRSRSKGRSRSRSKGRKSRSKSKSKPKSDRGSHSHSRSRSKDEYEKSRSRSRSRSPKENGKGDIKSKSRSRSQSRSNSPLPVPPSKARSVSPPPKRATSRSRSRSRSKSRSRSRSSSRD splicing factor SR family Plays a role in constitutive splicing and modulates the selection of alternative splice sites. Plays a role in the alternative splicing of MAPT/Tau exon 10. Binds to alternative exons of TNC pre-mRNA and promotes the expression of alternatively spliced TNC. Plays a role in wound healing and in the regulation of keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation via its role in alternative splicing. M6ATAR00779 Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7) SFRS7; Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 ; Splicing factor 9G8 ; Splicing factor; arginine/serine-rich 7 SRSF7_HUMAN hsa:6432 HGNC:10789 . ENSG00000115875.19 6432 SRSF7 Protein coding 2p22.1 MSRYGRYGGETKVYVGNLGTGAGKGELERAFSYYGPLRTVWIARNPPGFAFVEFEDPRDAEDAVRGLDGKVICGSRVRVELSTGMPRRSRFDRPPARRPFDPNDRCYECGEKGHYAYDCHRYSRRRRSRSRSRSHSRSRGRRYSRSRSRSRGRRSRSASPRRSRSISLRRSRSASLRRSRSGSIKGSRYFQSPSRSRSRSRSISRPRSSRSKSRSPSPKRSRSPSGSPRRSASPERMD Splicing factor SR family Required for pre-mRNA splicing. Can also modulate alternative splicing in vitro. Represses the splicing of MAPT/Tau exon 10. May function as export adapter involved in mRNA nuclear export such as of histone H2A. Binds mRNA which is thought to be transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export (TAP/NXF1 pathway); enhances NXF1-NXT1 RNA-binding activity. RNA-binding is semi-sequence specific. M6ATAR00734 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 (STK4) Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1; MST-1; STE20-like kinase MST1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase Krs-2 STK4_HUMAN hsa:6789 HGNC:11408 . ENSG00000101109 6789 STK4 Protein coding 20q13.12 METVQLRNPPRRQLKKLDEDSLTKQPEEVFDVLEKLGEGSYGSVYKAIHKETGQIVAIKQVPVESDLQEIIKEISIMQQCDSPHVVKYYGSYFKNTDLWIVMEYCGAGSVSDIIRLRNKTLTEDEIATILQSTLKGLEYLHFMRKIHRDIKAGNILLNTEGHAKLADFGVAGQLTDTMAKRNTVIGTPFWMAPEVIQEIGYNCVADIWSLGITAIEMAEGKPPYADIHPMRAIFMIPTNPPPTFRKPELWSDNFTDFVKQCLVKSPEQRATATQLLQHPFVRSAKGVSILRDLINEAMDVKLKRQESQQREVDQDDEENSEEDEMDSGTMVRAVGDEMGTVRVASTMTDGANTMIEHDDTLPSQLGTMVINAEDEEEEGTMKRRDETMQPAKPSFLEYFEQKEKENQINSFGKSVPGPLKNSSDWKIPQDGDYEFLKSWTVEDLQKRLLALDPMMEQEIEEIRQKYQSKRQPILDAIEAKKRRQQNF Protein kinase superfamily, STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family, STE20 subfamily Stress-activated, pro-apoptotic kinase which, following caspase-cleavage, enters the nucleus and induces chromatin condensation followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Key component of the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 are required to repress proliferation of mature hepatocytes, to prevent activation of facultative adult liver stem cells (oval cells), and to inhibit tumor formation (By similarity). Phosphorylates 'Ser-14' of histone H2B (H2BS14ph) during apoptosis. Phosphorylates FOXO3 upon oxidative stress, which results in its nuclear translocation and cell death initiation. Phosphorylates MOBKL1A, MOBKL1B and RASSF2. Phosphorylates TNNI3 (cardiac Tn-I) and alters its binding affinity to TNNC1 (cardiac Tn-C) and TNNT2 (cardiac Tn-T). Phosphorylates FOXO1 on 'Ser-212' and regulates its activation and stimulates transcription of PMAIP1 in a FOXO1-dependent manner. Phosphorylates SIRT1 and inhibits SIRT1-mediated p53/TP53 deacetylation, thereby promoting p53/TP53 dependent transcription and apoptosis upon DNA damage. Acts as an inhibitor of PKB/AKT1. Phosphorylates AR on 'Ser-650' and suppresses its activity by intersecting with PKB/AKT1 signaling and antagonizing formation of AR-chromatin complexes. M6ATAR00314 Serine/threonine-protein kinase LATS2 (LATS2) Kinase phosphorylated during mitosis protein; Large tumor suppressor homolog 2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase kpm; Warts-like kinase; KPM LATS2_HUMAN hsa:26524 HGNC:6515 . ENSG00000150457 26524 LATS2 Protein coding 13q12.11 MRPKTFPATTYSGNSRQRLQEIREGLKQPSKSSVQGLPAGPNSDTSLDAKVLGSKDATRQQQQMRATPKFGPYQKALREIRYSLLPFANESGTSAAAEVNRQMLQELVNAGCDQEMAGRALKQTGSRSIEAALEYISKMGYLDPRNEQIVRVIKQTSPGKGLMPTPVTRRPSFEGTGDSFASYHQLSGTPYEGPSFGADGPTALEEMPRPYVDYLFPGVGPHGPGHQHQHPPKGYGASVEAAGAHFPLQGAHYGRPHLLVPGEPLGYGVQRSPSFQSKTPPETGGYASLPTKGQGGPPGAGLAFPPPAAGLYVPHPHHKQAGPAAHQLHVLGSRSQVFASDSPPQSLLTPSRNSLNVDLYELGSTSVQQWPAATLARRDSLQKPGLEAPPRAHVAFRPDCPVPSRTNSFNSHQPRPGPPGKAEPSLPAPNTVTAVTAAHILHPVKSVRVLRPEPQTAVGPSHPAWVPAPAPAPAPAPAPAAEGLDAKEEHALALGGAGAFPLDVEYGGPDRRCPPPPYPKHLLLRSKSEQYDLDSLCAGMEQSLRAGPNEPEGGDKSRKSAKGDKGGKDKKQIQTSPVPVRKNSRDEEKRESRIKSYSPYAFKFFMEQHVENVIKTYQQKVNRRLQLEQEMAKAGLCEAEQEQMRKILYQKESNYNRLKRAKMDKSMFVKIKTLGIGAFGEVCLACKVDTHALYAMKTLRKKDVLNRNQVAHVKAERDILAEADNEWVVKLYYSFQDKDSLYFVMDYIPGGDMMSLLIRMEVFPEHLARFYIAELTLAIESVHKMGFIHRDIKPDNILIDLDGHIKLTDFGLCTGFRWTHNSKYYQKGSHVRQDSMEPSDLWDDVSNCRCGDRLKTLEQRARKQHQRCLAHSLVGTPNYIAPEVLLRKGYTQLCDWWSVGVILFEMLVGQPPFLAPTPTETQLKVINWENTLHIPAQVKLSPEARDLITKLCCSADHRLGRNGADDLKAHPFFSAIDFSSDIRKQPAPYVPTISHPMDTSNFDPVDEESPWNDASEGSTKAWDTLTSPNNKHPEHAFYEFTFRRFFDDNGYPFRCPKPSGAEASQAESSDLESSDLVDQTEGCQPVYV protein kinase superfamily; AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family Negative regulator of YAP1 in the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. Acts as a tumor suppressor which plays a critical role in centrosome duplication, maintenance of mitotic fidelity and genomic stability. Negatively regulates G1/S transition by down-regulating cyclin E/CDK2 kinase activity. Negative regulator of the androgen receptor. Phosphorylates SNAI1 in the nucleus leading to its nuclear retention and stabilization, which enhances its epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor cell invasion/migration activities. This tumor-promoting activity is independent of its effects upon YAP1 or WWTR1/TAZ. M6ATAR00339 Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (MTOR) FK506-binding protein 12-rapamycin complex-associated protein 1; FKBP12-rapamycin complex-associated protein; Mammalian target of rapamycin; mTOR; Mechanistic target of rapamycin; Rapamycin and FKBP12 target 1; Rapamycin target protein 1; FRAP; FRAP1; FRAP2; RAFT1; RAPT1 MTOR_HUMAN hsa:2475 HGNC:3942 . ENSG00000198793 2475 MTOR Protein coding 1p36.22 MLGTGPAAATTAATTSSNVSVLQQFASGLKSRNEETRAKAAKELQHYVTMELREMSQEESTRFYDQLNHHIFELVSSSDANERKGGILAIASLIGVEGGNATRIGRFANYLRNLLPSNDPVVMEMASKAIGRLAMAGDTFTAEYVEFEVKRALEWLGADRNEGRRHAAVLVLRELAISVPTFFFQQVQPFFDNIFVAVWDPKQAIREGAVAALRACLILTTQREPKEMQKPQWYRHTFEEAEKGFDETLAKEKGMNRDDRIHGALLILNELVRISSMEGERLREEMEEITQQQLVHDKYCKDLMGFGTKPRHITPFTSFQAVQPQQSNALVGLLGYSSHQGLMGFGTSPSPAKSTLVESRCCRDLMEEKFDQVCQWVLKCRNSKNSLIQMTILNLLPRLAAFRPSAFTDTQYLQDTMNHVLSCVKKEKERTAAFQALGLLSVAVRSEFKVYLPRVLDIIRAALPPKDFAHKRQKAMQVDATVFTCISMLARAMGPGIQQDIKELLEPMLAVGLSPALTAVLYDLSRQIPQLKKDIQDGLLKMLSLVLMHKPLRHPGMPKGLAHQLASPGLTTLPEASDVGSITLALRTLGSFEFEGHSLTQFVRHCADHFLNSEHKEIRMEAARTCSRLLTPSIHLISGHAHVVSQTAVQVVADVLSKLLVVGITDPDPDIRYCVLASLDERFDAHLAQAENLQALFVALNDQVFEIRELAICTVGRLSSMNPAFVMPFLRKMLIQILTELEHSGIGRIKEQSARMLGHLVSNAPRLIRPYMEPILKALILKLKDPDPDPNPGVINNVLATIGELAQVSGLEMRKWVDELFIIIMDMLQDSSLLAKRQVALWTLGQLVASTGYVVEPYRKYPTLLEVLLNFLKTEQNQGTRREAIRVLGLLGALDPYKHKVNIGMIDQSRDASAVSLSESKSSQDSSDYSTSEMLVNMGNLPLDEFYPAVSMVALMRIFRDQSLSHHHTMVVQAITFIFKSLGLKCVQFLPQVMPTFLNVIRVCDGAIREFLFQQLGMLVSFVKSHIRPYMDEIVTLMREFWVMNTSIQSTIILLIEQIVVALGGEFKLYLPQLIPHMLRVFMHDNSPGRIVSIKLLAAIQLFGANLDDYLHLLLPPIVKLFDAPEAPLPSRKAALETVDRLTESLDFTDYASRIIHPIVRTLDQSPELRSTAMDTLSSLVFQLGKKYQIFIPMVNKVLVRHRINHQRYDVLICRIVKGYTLADEEEDPLIYQHRMLRSGQGDALASGPVETGPMKKLHVSTINLQKAWGAARRVSKDDWLEWLRRLSLELLKDSSSPSLRSCWALAQAYNPMARDLFNAAFVSCWSELNEDQQDELIRSIELALTSQDIAEVTQTLLNLAEFMEHSDKGPLPLRDDNGIVLLGERAAKCRAYAKALHYKELEFQKGPTPAILESLISINNKLQQPEAAAGVLEYAMKHFGELEIQATWYEKLHEWEDALVAYDKKMDTNKDDPELMLGRMRCLEALGEWGQLHQQCCEKWTLVNDETQAKMARMAAAAAWGLGQWDSMEEYTCMIPRDTHDGAFYRAVLALHQDLFSLAQQCIDKARDLLDAELTAMAGESYSRAYGAMVSCHMLSELEEVIQYKLVPERREIIRQIWWERLQGCQRIVEDWQKILMVRSLVVSPHEDMRTWLKYASLCGKSGRLALAHKTLVLLLGVDPSRQLDHPLPTVHPQVTYAYMKNMWKSARKIDAFQHMQHFVQTMQQQAQHAIATEDQQHKQELHKLMARCFLKLGEWQLNLQGINESTIPKVLQYYSAATEHDRSWYKAWHAWAVMNFEAVLHYKHQNQARDEKKKLRHASGANITNATTAATTAATATTTASTEGSNSESEAESTENSPTPSPLQKKVTEDLSKTLLMYTVPAVQGFFRSISLSRGNNLQDTLRVLTLWFDYGHWPDVNEALVEGVKAIQIDTWLQVIPQLIARIDTPRPLVGRLIHQLLTDIGRYHPQALIYPLTVASKSTTTARHNAANKILKNMCEHSNTLVQQAMMVSEELIRVAILWHEMWHEGLEEASRLYFGERNVKGMFEVLEPLHAMMERGPQTLKETSFNQAYGRDLMEAQEWCRKYMKSGNVKDLTQAWDLYYHVFRRISKQLPQLTSLELQYVSPKLLMCRDLELAVPGTYDPNQPIIRIQSIAPSLQVITSKQRPRKLTLMGSNGHEFVFLLKGHEDLRQDERVMQLFGLVNTLLANDPTSLRKNLSIQRYAVIPLSTNSGLIGWVPHCDTLHALIRDYREKKKILLNIEHRIMLRMAPDYDHLTLMQKVEVFEHAVNNTAGDDLAKLLWLKSPSSEVWFDRRTNYTRSLAVMSMVGYILGLGDRHPSNLMLDRLSGKILHIDFGDCFEVAMTREKFPEKIPFRLTRMLTNAMEVTGLDGNYRITCHTVMEVLREHKDSVMAVLEAFVYDPLLNWRLMDTNTKGNKRSRTRTDSYSAGQSVEILDGVELGEPAHKKTGTTVPESIHSFIGDGLVKPEALNKKAIQIINRVRDKLTGRDFSHDDTLDVPTQVELLIKQATSHENLCQCYIGWCPFW PI3/PI4-kinase family Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. This includes phosphorylation of EIF4EBP1 and release of its inhibition toward the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E) (By similarity). Moreover, phosphorylates and activates RPS6KB1 and RPS6KB2 that promote protein synthesis by modulating the activity of their downstream targets including ribosomal protein S6, eukaryotic translation initiation factor EIF4B, and the inhibitor of translation initiation PDCD4. This also includes mTORC1 signaling cascade controlling the MiT/TFE factors TFEB and TFE3: in the presence of nutrients, mediates phosphorylation of TFEB and TFE3, promoting their cytosolic retention and inactivation. Upon starvation or lysosomal stress, inhibition of mTORC1 induces dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of TFEB and TFE3, promoting their transcription factor activity. Stimulates the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, both by acute regulation through RPS6KB1-mediated phosphorylation of the biosynthetic enzyme CAD, and delayed regulation, through transcriptional enhancement of the pentose phosphate pathway which produces 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP), an allosteric activator of CAD at a later step in synthesis, this function is dependent on the mTORC1 complex . Regulates ribosome synthesis by activating RNA polymerase III-dependent transcription through phosphorylation and inhibition of MAF1 an RNA polymerase III-repressor . In parallel to protein synthesis, also regulates lipid synthesis through SREBF1/SREBP1 and LPIN1 (By similarity). To maintain energy homeostasis mTORC1 may also regulate mitochondrial biogenesis through regulation of PPARGC1A (By similarity). mTORC1 also negatively regulates autophagy through phosphorylation of ULK1 (By similarity). Under nutrient sufficiency, phosphorylates ULK1 at 'Ser-758', disrupting the interaction with AMPK and preventing activation of ULK1 (By similarity). Also prevents autophagy through phosphorylation of the autophagy inhibitor DAP. Also prevents autophagy by phosphorylating RUBCNL/Pacer under nutrient-rich conditions. Prevents autophagy by mediating phosphorylation of AMBRA1, thereby inhibiting AMBRA1 ability to mediate ubiquitination of ULK1 and interaction between AMBRA1 and PPP2CA . mTORC1 exerts a feedback control on upstream growth factor signaling that includes phosphorylation and activation of GRB10 a INSR-dependent signaling suppressor. Among other potential targets mTORC1 may phosphorylate CLIP1 and regulate microtubules. As part of the mTORC2 complex MTOR may regulate other cellular processes including survival and organization of the cytoskeleton. Plays a critical role in the phosphorylation at 'Ser-473' of AKT1, a pro-survival effector of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, facilitating its activation by PDK1. mTORC2 may regulate the actin cytoskeleton, through phosphorylation of PRKCA, PXN and activation of the Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors RHOA and RAC1A or RAC1B. mTORC2 also regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422'. Regulates osteoclastogenesis by adjusting the expression of CEBPB isoforms (By similarity). Plays an important regulatory role in the circadian clock function; regulates period length and rhythm amplitude of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and liver clocks (By similarity). Phosphorylates SQSTM1, promoting interaction between SQSTM1 and KEAP1 and subsequent inactivation of the BCR(KEAP1) complex (By similarity). M6ATAR00367 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1, mitochondrial (PINK1) BRPK; PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 PINK1_HUMAN hsa:65018 HGNC:14581 . ENSG00000158828 65018 PINK1 Protein coding 1p36.12 MAVRQALGRGLQLGRALLLRFTGKPGRAYGLGRPGPAAGCVRGERPGWAAGPGAEPRRVGLGLPNRLRFFRQSVAGLAARLQRQFVVRAWGCAGPCGRAVFLAFGLGLGLIEEKQAESRRAVSACQEIQAIFTQKSKPGPDPLDTRRLQGFRLEEYLIGQSIGKGCSAAVYEATMPTLPQNLEVTKSTGLLPGRGPGTSAPGEGQERAPGAPAFPLAIKMMWNISAGSSSEAILNTMSQELVPASRVALAGEYGAVTYRKSKRGPKQLAPHPNIIRVLRAFTSSVPLLPGALVDYPDVLPSRLHPEGLGHGRTLFLVMKNYPCTLRQYLCVNTPSPRLAAMMLLQLLEGVDHLVQQGIAHRDLKSDNILVELDPDGCPWLVIADFGCCLADESIGLQLPFSSWYVDRGGNGCLMAPEVSTARPGPRAVIDYSKADAWAVGAIAYEIFGLVNPFYGQGKAHLESRSYQEAQLPALPESVPPDVRQLVRALLQREASKRPSARVAANVLHLSLWGEHILALKNLKLDKMVGWLLQQSAATLLANRLTEKCCVETKMKMLFLANLECETLCQAALLLCSWRAAL protein kinase superfamily; Ser/Thr protein kinase family Serine/threonine-protein kinase which protects against mitochondrial dysfunction during cellular stress by phosphorylating mitochondrial proteins such as PRKN and DNM1L, to coordinate mitochondrial quality control mechanisms that remove and replace dysfunctional mitochondrial components . Depending on the severity of mitochondrial damage and/or dysfunction, activity ranges from preventing apoptosis and stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis to regulating mitochondrial dynamics and eliminating severely damaged mitochondria via mitophagy. Mediates the translocation and activation of PRKN at the outer membrane (OMM) of dysfunctional/depolarized mitochondria. At the OMM of damaged mitochondria, phosphorylates pre-existing polyubiquitin chains at 'Ser-65', the PINK1-phosphorylated polyubiquitin then recruits PRKN from the cytosol to the OMM where PRKN is fully activated by phosphorylation at 'Ser-65' by PINK1. In damaged mitochondria, mediates the decision between mitophagy or preventing apoptosis by promoting PRKN-dependent poly- or monoubiquitination of VDAC1; polyubiquitination of VDAC1 by PRKN promotes mitophagy, while monoubiquitination of VDAC1 by PRKN decreases mitochondrial calcium influx which ultimately inhibits apoptosis. When cellular stress results in irreversible mitochondrial damage, functions with PRKN to promote clearance of damaged mitochondria via selective autophagy (mitophagy) . The PINK1-PRKN pathway also promotes fission of damaged mitochondria by phosphorylating and thus promoting the PRKN-dependent degradation of mitochondrial proteins involved in fission such as MFN2. This prevents the refusion of unhealthy mitochondria with the mitochondrial network or initiates mitochondrial fragmentation facilitating their later engulfment by autophagosomes. Also promotes mitochondrial fission independently of PRKN and ATG7-mediated mitophagy, via the phosphorylation and activation of DNM1L. Regulates motility of damaged mitochondria by promoting the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of MIRO1 and MIRO2; in motor neurons, this likely inhibits mitochondrial intracellular anterograde transport along the axons which probably increases the chance of the mitochondria undergoing mitophagy in the soma . Required for ubiquinone reduction by mitochondrial complex I by mediating phosphorylation of complex I subunit NDUFA10 (By similarity). M6ATAR00370 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 (PLK1) Polo-like kinase 1; PLK-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase 13; STPK13; PLK PLK1_HUMAN hsa:5347 HGNC:9077 . ENSG00000166851 5347 PLK1 Protein coding 16p12.2 MSAAVTAGKLARAPADPGKAGVPGVAAPGAPAAAPPAKEIPEVLVDPRSRRRYVRGRFLGKGGFAKCFEISDADTKEVFAGKIVPKSLLLKPHQREKMSMEISIHRSLAHQHVVGFHGFFEDNDFVFVVLELCRRRSLLELHKRRKALTEPEARYYLRQIVLGCQYLHRNRVIHRDLKLGNLFLNEDLEVKIGDFGLATKVEYDGERKKTLCGTPNYIAPEVLSKKGHSFEVDVWSIGCIMYTLLVGKPPFETSCLKETYLRIKKNEYSIPKHINPVAASLIQKMLQTDPTARPTINELLNDEFFTSGYIPARLPITCLTIPPRFSIAPSSLDPSNRKPLTVLNKGLENPLPERPREKEEPVVRETGEVVDCHLSDMLQQLHSVNASKPSERGLVRQEEAEDPACIPIFWVSKWVDYSDKYGLGYQLCDNSVGVLFNDSTRLILYNDGDSLQYIERDGTESYLTVSSHPNSLMKKITLLKYFRNYMSEHLLKAGANITPREGDELARLPYLRTWFRTRSAIILHLSNGSVQINFFQDHTKLILCPLMAAVTYIDEKRDFRTYRLSLLEEYGCCKELASRLRYARTMVDKLLSSRSASNRLKAS protein kinase superfamily; Ser/Thr protein kinase family; CDC5/Polo subfamily Serine/threonine-protein kinase that performs several important functions throughout M phase of the cell cycle, including the regulation of centrosome maturation and spindle assembly, the removal of cohesins from chromosome arms, the inactivation of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) inhibitors, and the regulation of mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Polo-like kinase proteins acts by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates BORA, BUB1B/BUBR1, CCNB1, CDC25C, CEP55, ECT2, ERCC6L, FBXO5/EMI1, FOXM1, KIF20A/MKLP2, CENPU, NEDD1, NINL, NPM1, NUDC, PKMYT1/MYT1, KIZ, PPP1R12A/MYPT1, PRC1, RACGAP1/CYK4, SGO1, STAG2/SA2, TEX14, TOPORS, p73/TP73, TPT1, WEE1 and HNRNPU. Plays a key role in centrosome functions and the assembly of bipolar spindles by phosphorylating KIZ, NEDD1 and NINL. NEDD1 phosphorylation promotes subsequent targeting of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gTuRC) to the centrosome, an important step for spindle formation. Phosphorylation of NINL component of the centrosome leads to NINL dissociation from other centrosomal proteins. Involved in mitosis exit and cytokinesis by phosphorylating CEP55, ECT2, KIF20A/MKLP2, CENPU, PRC1 and RACGAP1. Recruited at the central spindle by phosphorylating and docking PRC1 and KIF20A/MKLP2; creates its own docking sites on PRC1 and KIF20A/MKLP2 by mediating phosphorylation of sites subsequently recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates RACGAP1, thereby creating a docking site for the Rho GTP exchange factor ECT2 that is essential for the cleavage furrow formation. Promotes the central spindle recruitment of ECT2. Plays a central role in G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle by phosphorylating CCNB1, CDC25C, FOXM1, CENPU, PKMYT1/MYT1, PPP1R12A/MYPT1 and WEE1. Part of a regulatory circuit that promotes the activation of CDK1 by phosphorylating the positive regulator CDC25C and inhibiting the negative regulators WEE1 and PKMYT1/MYT1. Also acts by mediating phosphorylation of cyclin-B1 (CCNB1) on centrosomes in prophase. Phosphorylates FOXM1, a key mitotic transcription regulator, leading to enhance FOXM1 transcriptional activity. Involved in kinetochore functions and sister chromatid cohesion by phosphorylating BUB1B/BUBR1, FBXO5/EMI1 and STAG2/SA2. PLK1 is high on non-attached kinetochores suggesting a role of PLK1 in kinetochore attachment or in spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) regulation. Required for kinetochore localization of BUB1B. Regulates the dissociation of cohesin from chromosomes by phosphorylating cohesin subunits such as STAG2/SA2. Phosphorylates SGO1: required for spindle pole localization of isoform 3 of SGO1 and plays a role in regulating its centriole cohesion function. Mediates phosphorylation of FBXO5/EMI1, a negative regulator of the APC/C complex during prophase, leading to FBXO5/EMI1 ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. Acts as a negative regulator of p53 family members: phosphorylates TOPORS, leading to inhibit the sumoylation of p53/TP53 and simultaneously enhance the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of p53/TP53. Phosphorylates the transactivation domain of the transcription factor p73/TP73, leading to inhibit p73/TP73-mediated transcriptional activation and pro-apoptotic functions. Phosphorylates BORA, and thereby promotes the degradation of BORA. Contributes to the regulation of AURKA function. Also required for recovery after DNA damage checkpoint and entry into mitosis. Phosphorylates MISP, leading to stabilization of cortical and astral microtubule attachments required for proper spindle positioning. Together with MEIKIN, acts as a regulator of kinetochore function during meiosis I: required both for mono-orientation of kinetochores on sister chromosomes and protection of centromeric cohesin from separase-mediated cleavage (By similarity). Phosphorylates CEP68 and is required for its degradation. Regulates nuclear envelope breakdown during prophase by phosphorylating DCTN1 resulting in its localization in the nuclear envelope. Phosphorylates the heat shock transcription factor HSF1, promoting HSF1 nuclear translocation upon heat shock. Phosphorylates HSF1 also in the early mitotic period; this phosphorylation regulates HSF1 localization to the spindle pole, the recruitment of the SCF(BTRC) ubiquitin ligase complex induicing HSF1 degradation, and hence mitotic progression. Regulates mitotic progression by phosphorylating RIOK2. Through the phosphorylation of DZIP1 regulates the localization during mitosis of the BBSome, a ciliary protein complex involved in cilium biogenesis. M6ATAR00420 Serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 (STK11/LKB1) Liver kinase B1; LKB1; hLKB1; Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-19; LKB1; PJS STK11_HUMAN hsa:6794 HGNC:11389 . ENSG00000118046 6794 STK11 Protein coding 19p13.3 MEVVDPQQLGMFTEGELMSVGMDTFIHRIDSTEVIYQPRRKRAKLIGKYLMGDLLGEGSYGKVKEVLDSETLCRRAVKILKKKKLRRIPNGEANVKKEIQLLRRLRHKNVIQLVDVLYNEEKQKMYMVMEYCVCGMQEMLDSVPEKRFPVCQAHGYFCQLIDGLEYLHSQGIVHKDIKPGNLLLTTGGTLKISDLGVAEALHPFAADDTCRTSQGSPAFQPPEIANGLDTFSGFKVDIWSAGVTLYNITTGLYPFEGDNIYKLFENIGKGSYAIPGDCGPPLSDLLKGMLEYEPAKRFSIRQIRQHSWFRKKHPPAEAPVPIPPSPDTKDRWRSMTVVPYLEDLHGADEDEDLFDIEDDIIYTQDFTVPGQVPEEEASHNGQRRGLPKAVCMNGTEAAQLSTKSRAEGRAPNPARKACSASSKIRRLSACKQQ protein kinase superfamily; CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family; LKB1 subfamily Tumor suppressor serine/threonine-protein kinase that controls the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family members, thereby playing a role in various processes such as cell metabolism, cell polarity, apoptosis and DNA damage response. Acts by phosphorylating the T-loop of AMPK family proteins, thus promoting their activity: phosphorylates PRKAA1, PRKAA2, BRSK1, BRSK2, MARK1, MARK2, MARK3, MARK4, NUAK1, NUAK2, SIK1, SIK2, SIK3 and SNRK but not MELK. Also phosphorylates non-AMPK family proteins such as STRADA, PTEN and possibly p53/TP53. Acts as a key upstream regulator of AMPK by mediating phosphorylation and activation of AMPK catalytic subunits PRKAA1 and PRKAA2 and thereby regulates processes including: inhibition of signaling pathways that promote cell growth and proliferation when energy levels are low, glucose homeostasis in liver, activation of autophagy when cells undergo nutrient deprivation, and B-cell differentiation in the germinal center in response to DNA damage. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton. Required for cortical neuron polarization by mediating phosphorylation and activation of BRSK1 and BRSK2, leading to axon initiation and specification. Involved in DNA damage response: interacts with p53/TP53 and recruited to the CDKN1A/WAF1 promoter to participate in transcription activation. Able to phosphorylate p53/TP53; the relevance of such result in vivo is however unclear and phosphorylation may be indirect and mediated by downstream STK11/LKB1 kinase NUAK1. Also acts as a mediator of p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis via interaction with p53/TP53: translocates to the mitochondrion during apoptosis and regulates p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis pathways. Regulates UV radiation-induced DNA damage response mediated by CDKN1A. In association with NUAK1, phosphorylates CDKN1A in response to UV radiation and contributes to its degradation which is necessary for optimal DNA repair. M6ATAR00444 Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 (ULK1/ATG1) Autophagy-related protein 1 homolog; ATG1; hATG1; Unc-51-like kinase 1; KIAA0722 ULK1_HUMAN hsa:8408 HGNC:12558 . ENSG00000177169 8408 ULK1 Protein coding 12q24.33 MEPGRGGTETVGKFEFSRKDLIGHGAFAVVFKGRHREKHDLEVAVKCINKKNLAKSQTLLGKEIKILKELKHENIVALYDFQEMANSVYLVMEYCNGGDLADYLHAMRTLSEDTIRLFLQQIAGAMRLLHSKGIIHRDLKPQNILLSNPAGRRANPNSIRVKIADFGFARYLQSNMMAATLCGSPMYMAPEVIMSQHYDGKADLWSIGTIVYQCLTGKAPFQASSPQDLRLFYEKNKTLVPTIPRETSAPLRQLLLALLQRNHKDRMDFDEFFHHPFLDASPSVRKSPPVPVPSYPSSGSGSSSSSSSTSHLASPPSLGEMQQLQKTLASPADTAGFLHSSRDSGGSKDSSCDTDDFVMVPAQFPGDLVAEAPSAKPPPDSLMCSGSSLVASAGLESHGRTPSPSPPCSSSPSPSGRAGPFSSSRCGASVPIPVPTQVQNYQRIERNLQSPTQFQTPRSSAIRRSGSTSPLGFARASPSPPAHAEHGGVLARKMSLGGGRPYTPSPQVGTIPERPGWSGTPSPQGAEMRGGRSPRPGSSAPEHSPRTSGLGCRLHSAPNLSDLHVVRPKLPKPPTDPLGAVFSPPQASPPQPSHGLQSCRNLRGSPKLPDFLQRNPLPPILGSPTKAVPSFDFPKTPSSQNLLALLARQGVVMTPPRNRTLPDLSEVGPFHGQPLGPGLRPGEDPKGPFGRSFSTSRLTDLLLKAAFGTQAPDPGSTESLQEKPMEIAPSAGFGGSLHPGARAGGTSSPSPVVFTVGSPPSGSTPPQGPRTRMFSAGPTGSASSSARHLVPGPCSEAPAPELPAPGHGCSFADPITANLEGAVTFEAPDLPEETLMEQEHTEILRGLRFTLLFVQHVLEIAALKGSASEAAGGPEYQLQESVVADQISLLSREWGFAEQLVLYLKVAELLSSGLQSAIDQIRAGKLCLSSTVKQVVRRLNELYKASVVSCQGLSLRLQRFFLDKQRLLDRIHSITAERLIFSHAVQMVQSAALDEMFQHREGCVPRYHKALLLLEGLQHMLSDQADIENVTKCKLCIERRLSALLTGICA protein kinase superfamily; Ser/Thr protein kinase family; APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Acts upstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase PIK3C3 to regulate the formation of autophagophores, the precursors of autophagosomes. Part of regulatory feedback loops in autophagy: acts both as a downstream effector and negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) via interaction with RPTOR. Activated via phosphorylation by AMPK and also acts as a regulator of AMPK by mediating phosphorylation of AMPK subunits PRKAA1, PRKAB2 and PRKAG1, leading to negatively regulate AMPK activity. May phosphorylate ATG13/KIAA0652 and RPTOR; however such data need additional evidences. Plays a role early in neuronal differentiation and is required for granule cell axon formation. May also phosphorylate SESN2 and SQSTM1 to regulate autophagy. Phosphorylates FLCN, promoting autophagy. Phosphorylates AMBRA1 in response to autophagy induction, releasing AMBRA1 from the cytoskeletal docking site to induce autophagosome nucleation. Phosphorylates ATG4B, leading to inhibit autophagy by decreasing both proteolytic activation and delipidation activities of ATG4B. M6ATAR00192 Serine-protein kinase ATM (ATM) Ataxia telangiectasia mutated; A-T mutated ATM_HUMAN hsa:472 HGNC:795 . ENSG00000149311 472 ATM Protein coding 11q22.3 MSLVLNDLLICCRQLEHDRATERKKEVEKFKRLIRDPETIKHLDRHSDSKQGKYLNWDAVFRFLQKYIQKETECLRIAKPNVSASTQASRQKKMQEISSLVKYFIKCANRRAPRLKCQELLNYIMDTVKDSSNGAIYGADCSNILLKDILSVRKYWCEISQQQWLELFSVYFRLYLKPSQDVHRVLVARIIHAVTKGCCSQTDGLNSKFLDFFSKAIQCARQEKSSSGLNHILAALTIFLKTLAVNFRIRVCELGDEILPTLLYIWTQHRLNDSLKEVIIELFQLQIYIHHPKGAKTQEKGAYESTKWRSILYNLYDLLVNEISHIGSRGKYSSGFRNIAVKENLIELMADICHQVFNEDTRSLEISQSYTTTQRESSDYSVPCKRKKIELGWEVIKDHLQKSQNDFDLVPWLQIATQLISKYPASLPNCELSPLLMILSQLLPQQRHGERTPYVLRCLTEVALCQDKRSNLESSQKSDLLKLWNKIWCITFRGISSEQIQAENFGLLGAIIQGSLVEVDREFWKLFTGSACRPSCPAVCCLTLALTTSIVPGTVKMGIEQNMCEVNRSFSLKESIMKWLLFYQLEGDLENSTEVPPILHSNFPHLVLEKILVSLTMKNCKAAMNFFQSVPECEHHQKDKEELSFSEVEELFLQTTFDKMDFLTIVRECGIEKHQSSIGFSVHQNLKESLDRCLLGLSEQLLNNYSSEITNSETLVRCSRLLVGVLGCYCYMGVIAEEEAYKSELFQKAKSLMQCAGESITLFKNKTNEEFRIGSLRNMMQLCTRCLSNCTKKSPNKIASGFFLRLLTSKLMNDIADICKSLASFIKKPFDRGEVESMEDDTNGNLMEVEDQSSMNLFNDYPDSSVSDANEPGESQSTIGAINPLAEEYLSKQDLLFLDMLKFLCLCVTTAQTNTVSFRAADIRRKLLMLIDSSTLEPTKSLHLHMYLMLLKELPGEEYPLPMEDVLELLKPLSNVCSLYRRDQDVCKTILNHVLHVVKNLGQSNMDSENTRDAQGQFLTVIGAFWHLTKERKYIFSVRMALVNCLKTLLEADPYSKWAILNVMGKDFPVNEVFTQFLADNHHQVRMLAAESINRLFQDTKGDSSRLLKALPLKLQQTAFENAYLKAQEGMREMSHSAENPETLDEIYNRKSVLLTLIAVVLSCSPICEKQALFALCKSVKENGLEPHLVKKVLEKVSETFGYRRLEDFMASHLDYLVLEWLNLQDTEYNLSSFPFILLNYTNIEDFYRSCYKVLIPHLVIRSHFDEVKSIANQIQEDWKSLLTDCFPKILVNILPYFAYEGTRDSGMAQQRETATKVYDMLKSENLLGKQIDHLFISNLPEIVVELLMTLHEPANSSASQSTDLCDFSGDLDPAPNPPHFPSHVIKATFAYISNCHKTKLKSILEILSKSPDSYQKILLAICEQAAETNNVYKKHRILKIYHLFVSLLLKDIKSGLGGAWAFVLRDVIYTLIHYINQRPSCIMDVSLRSFSLCCDLLSQVCQTAVTYCKDALENHLHVIVGTLIPLVYEQVEVQKQVLDLLKYLVIDNKDNENLYITIKLLDPFPDHVVFKDLRITQQKIKYSRGPFSLLEEINHFLSVSVYDALPLTRLEGLKDLRRQLELHKDQMVDIMRASQDNPQDGIMVKLVVNLLQLSKMAINHTGEKEVLEAVGSCLGEVGPIDFSTIAIQHSKDASYTKALKLFEDKELQWTFIMLTYLNNTLVEDCVKVRSAAVTCLKNILATKTGHSFWEIYKMTTDPMLAYLQPFRTSRKKFLEVPRFDKENPFEGLDDINLWIPLSENHDIWIKTLTCAFLDSGGTKCEILQLLKPMCEVKTDFCQTVLPYLIHDILLQDTNESWRNLLSTHVQGFFTSCLRHFSQTSRSTTPANLDSESEHFFRCCLDKKSQRTMLAVVDYMRRQKRPSSGTIFNDAFWLDLNYLEVAKVAQSCAAHFTALLYAEIYADKKSMDDQEKRSLAFEEGSQSTTISSLSEKSKEETGISLQDLLLEIYRSIGEPDSLYGCGGGKMLQPITRLRTYEHEAMWGKALVTYDLETAIPSSTRQAGIIQALQNLGLCHILSVYLKGLDYENKDWCPELEELHYQAAWRNMQWDHCTSVSKEVEGTSYHESLYNALQSLRDREFSTFYESLKYARVKEVEEMCKRSLESVYSLYPTLSRLQAIGELESIGELFSRSVTHRQLSEVYIKWQKHSQLLKDSDFSFQEPIMALRTVILEILMEKEMDNSQRECIKDILTKHLVELSILARTFKNTQLPERAIFQIKQYNSVSCGVSEWQLEEAQVFWAKKEQSLALSILKQMIKKLDASCAANNPSLKLTYTECLRVCGNWLAETCLENPAVIMQTYLEKAVEVAGNYDGESSDELRNGKMKAFLSLARFSDTQYQRIENYMKSSEFENKQALLKRAKEEVGLLREHKIQTNRYTVKVQRELELDELALRALKEDRKRFLCKAVENYINCLLSGEEHDMWVFRLCSLWLENSGVSEVNGMMKRDGMKIPTYKFLPLMYQLAARMGTKMMGGLGFHEVLNNLISRISMDHPHHTLFIILALANANRDEFLTKPEVARRSRITKNVPKQSSQLDEDRTEAANRIICTIRSRRPQMVRSVEALCDAYIILANLDATQWKTQRKGINIPADQPITKLKNLEDVVVPTMEIKVDHTGEYGNLVTIQSFKAEFRLAGGVNLPKIIDCVGSDGKERRQLVKGRDDLRQDAVMQQVFQMCNTLLQRNTETRKRKLTICTYKVVPLSQRSGVLEWCTGTVPIGEFLVNNEDGAHKRYRPNDFSAFQCQKKMMEVQKKSFEEKYEVFMDVCQNFQPVFRYFCMEKFLDPAIWFEKRLAYTRSVATSSIVGYILGLGDRHVQNILINEQSAELVHIDLGVAFEQGKILPTPETVPFRLTRDIVDGMGITGVEGVFRRCCEKTMEVMRNSQETLLTIVEVLLYDPLFDWTMNPLKALYLQQRPEDETELHPTLNADDQECKRNLSDIDQSFNKVAERVLMRLQEKLKGVEEGTVLSVGGQVNLLIQQAIDPKNLSRLFPGWKAWV PI3/PI4-kinase family; ATM subfamily Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and monospecific recognition by the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) expressed on individual B-lymphocytes. After the introduction of DNA breaks by the RAG complex on one immunoglobulin allele, acts by mediating a repositioning of the second allele to pericentromeric heterochromatin, preventing accessibility to the RAG complex and recombination of the second allele. Also involved in signal transduction and cell cycle control. May function as a tumor suppressor. Necessary for activation of ABL1 and SAPK. Phosphorylates DYRK2, CHEK2, p53/TP53, FBXW7, FANCD2, NFKBIA, BRCA1, CTIP, nibrin (NBN), TERF1, UFL1, RAD9, UBQLN4 and DCLRE1C. May play a role in vesicle and/or protein transport. Could play a role in T-cell development, gonad and neurological function. Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. Binds DNA ends. Phosphorylation of DYRK2 in nucleus in response to genotoxic stress prevents its MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation. Phosphorylates ATF2 which stimulates its function in DNA damage response. Phosphorylates ERCC6 which is essential for its chromatin remodeling activity at DNA double-strand breaks. Phosphorylates TTC5/STRAP at 'Ser-203' in the cytoplasm in response to DNA damage, which promotes TTC5/STRAP nuclear localization. M6ATAR00461 Serum response factor (SRF) SRF SRF_HUMAN hsa:6722 HGNC:11291 . ENSG00000112658 5395 SRF Protein coding . MLPTQAGAAAALGRGSALGGSLNRTPTGRPGGGGGTRGANGGRVPGNGAGLGPGRLEREAAAAAATTPAPTAGALYSGSEGDSESGEEEELGAERRGLKRSLSEMEIGMVVGGPEASAAATGGYGPVSGAVSGAKPGKKTRGRVKIKMEFIDNKLRRYTTFSKRKTGIMKKAYELSTLTGTQVLLLVASETGHVYTFATRKLQPMITSETGKALIQTCLNSPDSPPRSDPTTDQRMSATGFEETDLTYQVSESDSSGETKDTLKPAFTVTNLPGTTSTIQTAPSTSTTMQVSSGPSFPITNYLAPVSASVSPSAVSSANGTVLKSTGSGPVSSGGLMQLPTSFTLMPGGAVAQQVPVQAIQVHQAPQQASPSRDSSTDLTQTSSSGTVTLPATIMTSSVPTTVGGHMMYPSPHAVMYAPTSGLGDGSLTVLNAFSQAPSTMQVSHSQVQEPGGVPQVFLTASSGTVQIPVSAVQLHQMAVIGQQAGSSSNLTELQVVNLDTAHSTKSE . SRF is a transcription factor that binds to the serum response element (SRE), a short sequence of dyad symmetry located 300 bp to the 5' of the site of transcription initiation of some genes (such as FOS). Together with MRTFA transcription coactivator, controls expression of genes regulating the cytoskeleton during development, morphogenesis and cell migration. The SRF-MRTFA complex activity responds to Rho GTPase-induced changes in cellular globular actin (G-actin) concentration, thereby coupling cytoskeletal gene expression to cytoskeletal dynamics. Required for cardiac differentiation and maturation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9JM73}. M6ATAR00801 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2; p113 STAT2_HUMAN hsa:6773 HGNC:11363 . ENSG00000170581 6773 STAT2 Protein coding 12q13.3 MAQWEMLQNLDSPFQDQLHQLYSHSLLPVDIRQYLAVWIEDQNWQEAALGSDDSKATMLFFHFLDQLNYECGRCSQDPESLLLQHNLRKFCRDIQPFSQDPTQLAEMIFNLLLEEKRILIQAQRAQLEQGEPVLETPVESQQHEIESRILDLRAMMEKLVKSISQLKDQQDVFCFRYKIQAKGKTPSLDPHQTKEQKILQETLNELDKRRKEVLDASKALLGRLTTLIELLLPKLEEWKAQQQKACIRAPIDHGLEQLETWFTAGAKLLFHLRQLLKELKGLSCLVSYQDDPLTKGVDLRNAQVTELLQRLLHRAFVVETQPCMPQTPHRPLILKTGSKFTVRTRLLVRLQEGNESLTVEVSIDRNPPQLQGFRKFNILTSNQKTLTPEKGQSQGLIWDFGYLTLVEQRSGGSGKGSNKGPLGVTEELHIISFTVKYTYQGLKQELKTDTLPVVIISNMNQLSIAWASVLWFNLLSPNLQNQQFFSNPPKAPWSLLGPALSWQFSSYVGRGLNSDQLSMLRNKLFGQNCRTEDPLLSWADFTKRESPPGKLPFWTWLDKILELVHDHLKDLWNDGRIMGFVSRSQERRLLKKTMSGTFLLRFSESSEGGITCSWVEHQDDDKVLIYSVQPYTKEVLQSLPLTEIIRHYQLLTEENIPENPLRFLYPRIPRDEAFGCYYQEKVNLQERRKYLKHRLIVVSNRQVDELQQPLELKPEPELESLELELGLVPEPELSLDLEPLLKAGLDLGPELESVLESTLEPVIEPTLCMVSQTVPEPDQGPVSQPVPEPDLPCDLRHLNTEPMEIFRNCVKIEEIMPNGDPLLAGQNTVDEVYVSRPSHFYTDGPLMPSDF Transcription factor STAT family Signal transducer and activator of transcription that mediates signaling by type I interferons (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Following type I IFN binding to cell surface receptors, Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) are activated, leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize, associate with IRF9/ISGF3G to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of interferon stimulated genes, which drive the cell in an antiviral state. In addition, has also a negative feedback regulatory role in the type I interferon signaling by recruiting USP18 to the type I IFN receptor subunit IFNAR2 thereby mitigating the response to type I IFNs. Acts as a regulator of mitochondrial fission by modulating the phosphorylation of DNM1L at 'Ser-616' and 'Ser-637' which activate and inactivate the GTPase activity of DNM1L respectively. M6ATAR00418 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) Acute-phase response factor; APRF STAT3_HUMAN hsa:6774 HGNC:11364 . ENSG00000168610 6774 STAT3 Protein coding 17q21.2 MAQWNQLQQLDTRYLEQLHQLYSDSFPMELRQFLAPWIESQDWAYAASKESHATLVFHNLLGEIDQQYSRFLQESNVLYQHNLRRIKQFLQSRYLEKPMEIARIVARCLWEESRLLQTAATAAQQGGQANHPTAAVVTEKQQMLEQHLQDVRKRVQDLEQKMKVVENLQDDFDFNYKTLKSQGDMQDLNGNNQSVTRQKMQQLEQMLTALDQMRRSIVSELAGLLSAMEYVQKTLTDEELADWKRRQQIACIGGPPNICLDRLENWITSLAESQLQTRQQIKKLEELQQKVSYKGDPIVQHRPMLEERIVELFRNLMKSAFVVERQPCMPMHPDRPLVIKTGVQFTTKVRLLVKFPELNYQLKIKVCIDKDSGDVAALRGSRKFNILGTNTKVMNMEESNNGSLSAEFKHLTLREQRCGNGGRANCDASLIVTEELHLITFETEVYHQGLKIDLETHSLPVVVISNICQMPNAWASILWYNMLTNNPKNVNFFTKPPIGTWDQVAEVLSWQFSSTTKRGLSIEQLTTLAEKLLGPGVNYSGCQITWAKFCKENMAGKGFSFWVWLDNIIDLVKKYILALWNEGYIMGFISKERERAILSTKPPGTFLLRFSESSKEGGVTFTWVEKDISGKTQIQSVEPYTKQQLNNMSFAEIIMGYKIMDATNILVSPLVYLYPDIPKEEAFGKYCRPESQEHPEADPGSAAPYLKTKFICVTPTTCSNTIDLPMSPRTLDSLMQFGNNGEGAEPSAGGQFESLTFDMELTSECATSPM transcription factor STAT family Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interleukins, KITLG/SCF, LEP and other growth factors. Once activated, recruits coactivators, such as NCOA1 or MED1, to the promoter region of the target gene. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Upon activation of IL6ST/gp130 signaling by interleukin-6 (IL6), binds to the IL6-responsive elements identified in the promoters of various acute-phase protein genes. Activated by IL31 through IL31RA. Acts as a regulator of inflammatory response by regulating differentiation of naive CD4(+) T-cells into T-helper Th17 or regulatory T-cells (Treg): deacetylation and oxidation of lysine residues by LOXL3, leads to disrupt STAT3 dimerization and inhibit its transcription activity. Involved in cell cycle regulation by inducing the expression of key genes for the progression from G1 to S phase, such as CCND1. Mediates the effects of LEP on melanocortin production, body energy homeostasis and lactation (By similarity). May play an apoptotic role by transctivating BIRC5 expression under LEP activation. Cytoplasmic STAT3 represses macroautophagy by inhibiting EIF2AK2/PKR activity. Plays a crucial role in basal beta cell functions, such as regulation of insulin secretion (By similarity). M6ATAR00736 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) . STA5A_HUMAN hsa:6776 HGNC:11366 . ENSG00000126561 6776 STAT5A Protein coding 17q21.2 MAGWIQAQQLQGDALRQMQVLYGQHFPIEVRHYLAQWIESQPWDAIDLDNPQDRAQATQLLEGLVQELQKKAEHQVGEDGFLLKIKLGHYATQLQKTYDRCPLELVRCIRHILYNEQRLVREANNCSSPAGILVDAMSQKHLQINQTFEELRLVTQDTENELKKLQQTQEYFIIQYQESLRIQAQFAQLAQLSPQERLSRETALQQKQVSLEAWLQREAQTLQQYRVELAEKHQKTLQLLRKQQTIILDDELIQWKRRQQLAGNGGPPEGSLDVLQSWCEKLAEIIWQNRQQIRRAEHLCQQLPIPGPVEEMLAEVNATITDIISALVTSTFIIEKQPPQVLKTQTKFAATVRLLVGGKLNVHMNPPQVKATIISEQQAKSLLKNENTRNECSGEILNNCCVMEYHQATGTLSAHFRNMSLKRIKRADRRGAESVTEEKFTVLFESQFSVGSNELVFQVKTLSLPVVVIVHGSQDHNATATVLWDNAFAEPGRVPFAVPDKVLWPQLCEALNMKFKAEVQSNRGLTKENLVFLAQKLFNNSSSHLEDYSGLSVSWSQFNRENLPGWNYTFWQWFDGVMEVLKKHHKPHWNDGAILGFVNKQQAHDLLINKPDGTFLLRFSDSEIGGITIAWKFDSPERNLWNLKPFTTRDFSIRSLADRLGDLSYLIYVFPDRPKDEVFSKYYTPVLAKAVDGYVKPQIKQVVPEFVNASADAGGSSATYMDQAPSPAVCPQAPYNMYPQNPDHVLDQDGEFDLDETMDVARHVEELLRRPMDSLDSRLSPPAGLFTSARGSLS Transcription factor STAT family Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Mediates cellular responses to the cytokine KITLG/SCF and other growth factors. Mediates cellular responses to ERBB4. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Binds to the GAS element and activates PRL-induced transcription. Regulates the expression of milk proteins during lactation. M6ATAR00395 Small kinetochore-associated protein (KNSTRN) SKAP; Kinetochore-localized astrin-binding protein; Kinastrin; Kinetochore-localized astrin/SPAG5-binding protein; TRAF4-associated factor 1; C15orf23; SKAP; TRAF4AF1; HSD11 SKAP_HUMAN hsa:90417 HGNC:30767 . ENSG00000128944 90417 KNSTRN Protein coding 15q15.1 MAAPEAPPLDRVFRTTWLSTECDSHPLPPSYRKFLFETQAADLAGGTTVAAGNLLNESEKDCGQDRRAPGVQPCRLVTMTSVVKTVYSLQPPSALSGGQPADTQTRATSKSLLPVRSKEVDVSKQLHSGGPENDVTKITKLRRENGQMKATDTATRRNVRKGYKPLSKQKSEEELKDKNQLLEAVNKQLHQKLTETQGELKDLTQKVELLEKFRDNCLAILESKGLDPALGSETLASRQESTTDHMDSMLLLETLQEELKLFNETAKKQMEELQALKVKLEMKEERVRFLEQQTLCNNQVNDLTTALKEMEQLLEM . Essential component of the mitotic spindle required for faithful chromosome segregation and progression into anaphase. Promotes the metaphase-to-anaphase transition and is required for chromosome alignment, normal timing of sister chromatid segregation, and maintenance of spindle pole architecture. The astrin (SPAG5)-kinastrin (SKAP) complex promotes stable microtubule-kinetochore attachments. Required for kinetochore oscillations and dynamics of microtubule plus-ends during live cell mitosis, possibly by forming a link between spindle microtubule plus-ends and mitotic chromosomes to achieve faithful cell division. May be involved in UV-induced apoptosis via its interaction with PRPF19; however, these results need additional evidences . M6ATAR00704 Small nucleolar RNA host gene (SNHG7) MGC16037; NCRNA00061non-protein coding RNA 61 . . HGNC:28254 . ENSG00000233016 84973 SNHG7 LncRNA 9q34.3 . . . M6ATAR00117 Small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) SNHG1; small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (non-protein coding); UHG; NCRNA00057; LINC00057; lncRNA16; U22 snoRNA host gene; non-protein coding RNA 57; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 57 . . HGNC:32688 . ENSG00000255717 23642 SNHG1 LncRNA 11q12.3 . Small nucleolar RNA non-coding host genes . M6ATAR00477 Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) RNU17D; RNU17C; Previous names; RNA, U17D small nucleolar; RNA, U17C small nucleolar; small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (non-protein coding); Alias symbols; U17HG; U17HG-A; NCRNA00014; Alias names; non-protein coding RNA 14 . . HGNC:10118 . ENSG00000242125 8420 SNHG3 LncRNA 1p35.3 . Small nucleolar RNA non-coding host genes . M6ATAR00113 Small nucleolar RNA host gene 4 (SNHG4) SNHG4; small nucleolar RNA host gene 4 (non-protein coding); U19H; NCRNA00059; non-protein coding RNA 59 . . HGNC:32964 . ENSG00000281398 724102 SNHG4 LncRNA 5q31.2 . Small nucleolar RNA non-coding host genes . M6ATAR00703 SMC protein 1A (SMC1A) SMC protein 1A; SMC-1-alpha; SMC-1A; Sb1.8 SMC1A_HUMAN hsa:8243 HGNC:11111 . ENSG00000072501 8243 SMC1A Protein coding Xp11.22 MGFLKLIEIENFKSYKGRQIIGPFQRFTAIIGPNGSGKSNLMDAISFVLGEKTSNLRVKTLRDLIHGAPVGKPAANRAFVSMVYSEEGAEDRTFARVIVGGSSEYKINNKVVQLHEYSEELEKLGILIKARNFLVFQGAVESIAMKNPKERTALFEEISRSGELAQEYDKRKKEMVKAEEDTQFNYHRKKNIAAERKEAKQEKEEADRYQRLKDEVVRAQVQLQLFKLYHNEVEIEKLNKELASKNKEIEKDKKRMDKVEDELKEKKKELGKMMREQQQIEKEIKEKDSELNQKRPQYIKAKENTSHKIKKLEAAKKSLQNAQKHYKKRKGDMDELEKEMLSVEKARQEFEERMEEESQSQGRDLTLEENQVKKYHRLKEEASKRAATLAQELEKFNRDQKADQDRLDLEERKKVETEAKIKQKLREIEENQKRIEKLEEYITTSKQSLEEQKKLEGELTEEVEMAKRRIDEINKELNQVMEQLGDARIDRQESSRQQRKAEIMESIKRLYPGSVYGRLIDLCQPTQKKYQIAVTKVLGKNMDAIIVDSEKTGRDCIQYIKEQRGEPETFLPLDYLEVKPTDEKLRELKGAKLVIDVIRYEPPHIKKALQYACGNALVCDNVEDARRIAFGGHQRHKTVALDGTLFQKSGVISGGASDLKAKARRWDEKAVDKLKEKKERLTEELKEQMKAKRKEAELRQVQSQAHGLQMRLKYSQSDLEQTKTRHLALNLQEKSKLESELANFGPRINDIKRIIQSREREMKDLKEKMNQVEDEVFEEFCREIGVRNIREFEEEKVKRQNEIAKKRLEFENQKTRLGIQLDFEKNQLKEDQDKVHMWEQTVKKDENEIEKLKKEEQRHMKIIDETMAQLQDLKNQHLAKKSEVNDKNHEMEEIRKKLGGANKEMTHLQKEVTAIETKLEQKRSDRHNLLQACKMQDIKLPLSKGTMDDISQEEGSSQGEDSVSGSQRISSIYAREALIEIDYGDLCEDLKDAQAEEEIKQEMNTLQQKLNEQQSVLQRIAAPNMKAMEKLESVRDKFQETSDEFEAARKRAKKAKQAFEQIKKERFDRFNACFESVATNIDEIYKALSRNSSAQAFLGPENPEEPYLDGINYNCVAPGKRFRPMDNLSGGEKTVAALALLFAIHSYKPAPFFVLDEIDAALDNTNIGKVANYIKEQSTCNFQAIVISLKEEFYTKAESLIGVYPEQGDCVISKVLTFDLTKYPDANPNPNEQ SMC family, SMC1 subfamily Involved in chromosome cohesion during cell cycle and in DNA repair. Central component of cohesin complex. The cohesin complex is required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Involved in DNA repair via its interaction with BRCA1 and its related phosphorylation by ATM, or via its phosphorylation by ATR. Works as a downstream effector both in the ATM/NBS1 branch and in the ATR/MSH2 branch of S-phase checkpoint. M6ATAR00048 S-mu-GLT (SugLT) . . . . . . . S-mu-GLT LncRNA . . . . M6ATAR00387 Solute carrier family 12 member 1 (SLC12A1) Bumetanide-sensitive sodium-(potassium)-chloride cotransporter 2; Kidney-specific Na-K-Cl symporter; NKCC2 S12A1_HUMAN hsa:6557 HGNC:10910 . ENSG00000074803 6557 SLC12A1 Protein coding 15q21.1 MSLNNSSNVFLDSVPSNTNRFQVSVINENHESSAAADDNTDPPHYEETSFGDEAQKRLRISFRPGNQECYDNFLQSGETAKTDASFHAYDSHTNTYYLQTFGHNTMDAVPKIEYYRNTGSISGPKVNRPSLLEIHEQLAKNVAVTPSSADRVANGDGIPGDEQAENKEDDQAGVVKFGWVKGVLVRCMLNIWGVMLFIRLSWIVGEAGIGLGVLIILLSTMVTSITGLSTSAIATNGFVRGGGAYYLISRSLGPEFGGSIGLIFAFANAVAVAMYVVGFAETVVDLLKESDSMMVDPTNDIRIIGSITVVILLGISVAGMEWEAKAQVILLVILLIAIANFFIGTVIPSNNEKKSRGFFNYQASIFAENFGPRFTKGEGFFSVFAIFFPAATGILAGANISGDLEDPQDAIPRGTMLAIFITTVAYLGVAICVGACVVRDATGNMNDTIISGMNCNGSAACGLGYDFSRCRHEPCQYGLMNNFQVMSMVSGFGPLITAGIFSATLSSALASLVSAPKVFQALCKDNIYKALQFFAKGYGKNNEPLRGYILTFLIAMAFILIAELNTIAPIISNFFLASYALINFSCFHASYAKSPGWRPAYGIYNMWVSLFGAVLCCAVMFVINWWAAVITYVIEFFLYVYVTCKKPDVNWGSSTQALSYVSALDNALELTTVEDHVKNFRPQCIVLTGGPMTRPALLDITHAFTKNSGLCICCEVFVGPRKLCVKEMNSGMAKKQAWLIKNKIKAFYAAVAADCFRDGVRSLLQASGLGRMKPNTLVIGYKKNWRKAPLTEIENYVGIIHDAFDFEIGVVIVRISQGFDISQVLQVQEELERLEQERLALEATIKDNECEEESGGIRGLFKKAGKLNITKTTPKKDGSINTSQSMHVGEFNQKLVEASTQFKKKQEKGTIDVWWLFDDGGLTLLIPYILTLRKKWKDCKLRIYVGGKINRIEEEKIVMASLLSKFRIKFADIHIIGDINIRPNKESWKVFEEMIEPYRLHESCKDLTTAEKLKRETPWKITDAELEAVKEKSYRQVRLNELLQEHSRAANLIVLSLPVARKGSISDLLYMAWLEILTKNLPPVLLVRGNHKNVLTFYS SLC12A transporter family Renal sodium, potassium and chloride ion cotransporter that mediates the transepithelial NaCl reabsorption in the thick ascending limb and plays an essential role in the urinary concentration and volume regulation. Electrically silent transporter system. M6ATAR00498 Solute carrier family 40 member 1 (FPN1) Ferroportin-1; Iron-regulated transporter 1 S40A1_HUMAN hsa:30061 HGNC:10909 . ENSG00000138449 30061 FPN1 Protein coding 2q32.2 MTRAGDHNRQRGCCGSLADYLTSAKFLLYLGHSLSTWGDRMWHFAVSVFLVELYGNSLLLTAVYGLVVAGSVLVLGAIIGDWVDKNARLKVAQTSLVVQNVSVILCGIILMMVFLHKHELLTMYHGWVLTSCYILIITIANIANLASTATAITIQRDWIVVVAGEDRSKLANMNATIRRIDQLTNILAPMAVGQIMTFGSPVIGCGFISGWNLVSMCVEYVLLWKVYQKTPALAVKAGLKEEETELKQLNLHKDTEPKPLEGTHLMGVKDSNIHELEHEQEPTCASQMAEPFRTFRDGWVSYYNQPVFLAGMGLAFLYMTVLGFDCITTGYAYTQGLSGSILSILMGASAITGIMGTVAFTWLRRKCGLVRTGLISGLAQLSCLILCVISVFMPGSPLDLSVSPFEDIRSRFIQGESITPTKIPEITTEIYMSNGSNSANIVPETSPESVPIISVSLLFAGVIAARIGLWSFDLTVTQLLQENVIESERGIINGVQNSMNYLLDLLHFIMVILAPNPEAFGLLVLISVSFVAMGHIMYFRFAQNTLGNKLFACGPDAKEVRKENQANTSVV Ferroportin (FP) (TC 2.A.100) family, SLC40A subfamily Major iron transporter that plays a key role in balancing cellular and systemic iron levels. Transports iron from intestinal, splenic, and hepatic cells into the blood to provide iron to other tissues (By similarity). Controls therefore dietary iron uptake, iron recycling by macrophages, and release of iron stores in hepatocytes (By similarity). When iron is in excess, hepcidin/HAMP levels increase resulting in a degradation of ferroportin/SLC40A1 limiting the iron efflux to plasma. M6ATAR00591 SOX (SOX) . . . . . . . SOX Protein coding . . . . M6ATAR00802 Spectrin beta, non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2) Spectrin beta chain, non-erythrocytic 2; Beta-III spectrin; Spinocerebellar ataxia 5 protein; KIAA0302; SCA5 SPTN2_HUMAN hsa:6712 HGNC:11276 . ENSG00000173898 6712 SPTBN2 Protein coding 11q13.2 MSSTLSPTDFDSLEIQGQYSDINNRWDLPDSDWDNDSSSARLFERSRIKALADEREAVQKKTFTKWVNSHLARVTCRVGDLYSDLRDGRNLLRLLEVLSGEILPKPTKGRMRIHCLENVDKALQFLKEQKVHLENMGSHDIVDGNHRLTLGLVWTIILRFQIQDISVETEDNKEKKSAKDALLLWCQMKTAGYPNVNVHNFTTSWRDGLAFNAIVHKHRPDLLDFESLKKCNAHYNLQNAFNLAEKELGLTKLLDPEDVNVDQPDEKSIITYVATYYHYFSKMKALAVEGKRIGKVLDHAMEAERLVEKYESLASELLQWIEQTIVTLNDRQLANSLSGVQNQLQSFNSYRTVEKPPKFTEKGNLEVLLFTIQSKLRANNQKVYTPREGRLISDINKAWERLEKAEHERELALRTELIRQEKLEQLAARFDRKAAMRETWLSENQRLVSQDNFGLELAAVEAAVRKHEAIETDIVAYSGRVQAVDAVAAELAAERYHDIKRIAARQHNVARLWDFLRQMVAARRERLLLNLELQKVFQDLLYLMDWMEEMKGRLQSQDLGRHLAGVEDLLQLHELVEADIAVQAERVRAVSASALRFCNPGKEYRPCDPQLVSERVAKLEQSYEALCELAAARRARLEESRRLWRFLWEVGEAEAWVREQQHLLASADTGRDLTGALRLLNKHTALRGEMSGRLGPLKLTLEQGQQLVAEGHPGASQASARAAELQAQWERLEALAEERAQRLAQAASLYQFQADANDMEAWLVDALRLVSSPELGHDEFSTQALARQHRALEEEIRSHRPTLDALREQAAALPPTLSRTPEVQSRVPTLERHYEELQARAGERARALEAALALYTMLSEAGACGLWVEEKEQWLNGLALPERLEDLEVVQQRFETLEPEMNTLAAQITAVNDIAEQLLKANPPGKDRIVNTQEQLNHRWQQFRRLADGKKAALTSALSIQNYHLECTETQAWMREKTKVIESTQGLGNDLAGVLALQRKLAGTERDLEAIAARVGELTREANALAAGHPAQAVAINARLREVQTGWEDLRATMRRREESLGEARRLQDFLRSLDDFQAWLGRTQTAVASEEGPATLPEAEALLAQHAALRGEVERAQSEYSRLRALGEEVTRDQADPQCLFLRQRLEALGTGWEELGRMWESRQGRLAQAHGFQGFLRDARQAEGVLSSQEYVLSHTEMPGTLQAADAAIKKLEDFMSTMDANGERIHGLLEAGRQLVSEGNIHADKIREKADSIERRHKKNQDAAQQFLGRLRDNREQQHFLQDCHELKLWIDEKMLTAQDVSYDEARNLHTKWQKHQAFMAELAANKDWLDKVDKEGRELTLEKPELKALVSEKLRDLHRRWDELETTTQAKARSLFDANRAELFAQSCCALESWLESLQAQLHSDDYGKDLTSVNILLKKQQMLEWEMAVREKEVEAIQAQAKALAQEDQGAGEVERTSRAVEEKFRALCQPMRERCRRLQASREQHQFHRDVEDEILWVTERLPMASSMEHGKDLPSVQLLMKKNQTLQKEIQGHEPRIADLRERQRALGAAAAGPELAELQEMWKRLGHELELRGKRLEDALRAQQFYRDAAEAEAWMGEQELHMMGQEKAKDELSAQAEVKKHQVLEQALADYAQTIHQLAASSQDMIDHEHPESTRISIRQAQVDKLYAGLKELAGERRERLQEHLRLCQLRRELDDLEQWIQEREVVAASHELGQDYEHVTMLRDKFREFSRDTSTIGQERVDSANALANGLIAGGHAARATVAEWKDSLNEAWADLLELLDTRGQVLAAAYELQRFLHGARQALARVQHKQQQLPDGTGRDLNAAEALQRRHCAYEHDIQALSPQVQQVQDDGHRLQKAYAGDKAEEIGRHMQAVAEAWAQLQGSSAARRQLLLDTTDKFRFFKAVRELMLWMDEVNLQMDAQERPRDVSSADLVIKNQQGIKAEIEARADRFSSCIDMGKELLARSHYAAEEISEKLSQLQARRQETAEKWQEKMDWLQLVLEVLVFGRDAGMAEAWLCSQEPLVRSAELGCTVDEVESLIKRHEAFQKSAVAWEERFCALEKLTALEEREKERKRKREEEERRKQPPAPEPTASVPPGDLVGGQTASDTTWDGTQPRPPPSTQAPSVNGVCTDGEPSQPLLGQQRLEHSSFPEGPGPGSGDEANGPRGERQTRTRGPAPSAMPQSRSTESAHAATLPPRGPEPSAQEQMEGMLCRKQEMEAFGKKAANRSWQNVYCVLRRGSLGFYKDAKAASAGVPYHGEVPVSLARAQGSVAFDYRKRKHVFKLGLQDGKEYLFQAKDEAEMSSWLRVVNAAIATASSASGEPEEPVVPSTTRGMTRAMTMPPVSPVGAEGPVVLRSKDGREREREKRFSFFKKNK Spectrin family Probably plays an important role in neuronal membrane skeleton. M6ATAR00629 Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) SK 1; SPK 1; Acetyltransferase SPHK1 SPHK1_HUMAN hsa:8877 HGNC:11240 . ENSG00000176170 8877 SPHK1 Protein coding 17q25.1 MDPAGGPRGVLPRPCRVLVLLNPRGGKGKALQLFRSHVQPLLAEAEISFTLMLTERRNHARELVRSEELGRWDALVVMSGDGLMHEVVNGLMERPDWETAIQKPLCSLPAGSGNALAASLNHYAGYEQVTNEDLLTNCTLLLCRRLLSPMNLLSLHTASGLRLFSVLSLAWGFIADVDLESEKYRRLGEMRFTLGTFLRLAALRTYRGRLAYLPVGRVGSKTPASPVVVQQGPVDAHLVPLEEPVPSHWTVVPDEDFVLVLALLHSHLGSEMFAAPMGRCAAGVMHLFYVRAGVSRAMLLRLFLAMEKGRHMEYECPYLVYVPVVAFRLEPKDGKGVFAVDGELMVSEAVQGQVHPNYFWMVSGCVEPPPSWKPQQMPPPEEPL . Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine 1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions. Also acts on D-erythro-sphingosine and to a lesser extent sphinganine, but not other lipids, such as D,L-threo-dihydrosphingosine, N,N-dimethylsphingosine, diacylglycerol, ceramide, or phosphatidylinositol. In contrast to proapoptotic SPHK2, has a negative effect on intracellular ceramide levels, enhances cell growth and inhibits apoptosis. Involved in the regulation of inflammatory response and neuroinflammation. Via the product sphingosine 1-phosphate, stimulates TRAF2 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and promotes activation of NF-kappa-B in response to TNF signaling leading to IL17 secretion. In response to TNF and in parallel to NF-kappa-B activation, negatively regulates RANTES induction through p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Involved in endocytic membrane trafficking induced by sphingosine, recruited to dilate endosomes, also plays a role on later stages of endosomal maturation and membrane fusion independently of its kinase activity. In Purkinje cells, seems to be also involved in the regulation of autophagosome-lysosome fusion upon VEGFA; FUNCTION: Has serine acetyltransferase activity on PTGS2/COX2 in an acetyl-CoA dependent manner. The acetyltransferase activity increases in presence of the kinase substrate, sphingosine. During neuroinflammation, through PTGS2 acetylation, promotes neuronal secretion of specialized preresolving mediators (SPMs), especially 15-R-lipoxin A4, which results in an increase of phagocytic microglia. M6ATAR00778 Sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2) SK2; Sphingosine kinase 2; SK 2; SPK 2; EC 2.7.1.91 SPHK2_HUMAN hsa:56848 HGNC:18859 . ENSG00000063176.16 56848 SPHK2 Protein coding 19q13.33 MNGHLEAEEQQDQRPDQELTGSWGHGPRSTLVRAKAMAPPPPPLAASTPLLHGEFGSYPARGPRFALTLTSQALHIQRLRPKPEARPRGGLVPLAEVSGCCTLRSRSPSDSAAYFCIYTYPRGRRGARRRATRTFRADGAATYEENRAEAQRWATALTCLLRGLPLPGDGEITPDLLPRPPRLLLLVNPFGGRGLAWQWCKNHVLPMISEAGLSFNLIQTERQNHARELVQGLSLSEWDGIVTVSGDGLLHEVLNGLLDRPDWEEAVKMPVGILPCGSGNALAGAVNQHGGFEPALGLDLLLNCSLLLCRGGGHPLDLLSVTLASGSRCFSFLSVAWGFVSDVDIQSERFRALGSARFTLGTVLGLATLHTYRGRLSYLPATVEPASPTPAHSLPRAKSELTLTPDPAPPMAHSPLHRSVSDLPLPLPQPALASPGSPEPLPILSLNGGGPELAGDWGGAGDAPLSPDPLLSSPPGSPKAALHSPVSEGAPVIPPSSGLPLPTPDARVGASTCGPPDHLLPPLGTPLPPDWVTLEGDFVLMLAISPSHLGADLVAAPHARFDDGLVHLCWVRSGISRAALLRLFLAMERGSHFSLGCPQLGYAAARAFRLEPLTPRGVLTVDGEQVEYGPLQAQMHPGIGTLLTGPPGCPGREP . Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions. Also acts on D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine, D-erythro-sphingosine and L-threo-dihydrosphingosine. Binds phosphoinositides. In contrast to prosurvival SPHK1, has a positive effect on intracellular ceramide levels, inhibits cells growth and enhances apoptosis. In mitochondria, is important for cytochrome-c oxidase assembly and mitochondrial respiration. The SPP produced in mitochondria binds PHB2 and modulates the regulation via PHB2 of complex IV assembly and respiration. In nucleus, plays a role in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Interacts with HDAC1 and HDAC2 and, through SPP production, inhibits their enzymatic activity, preventing the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues with histones. Up-regulates acetylation of histone H3-K9, histone H4-K5 and histone H2B-K12. In nucleus, may have an inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis and cell cycle. In mast cells, is the main regulator of SPP production which mediates calcium influx, NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine production, such as TNF and IL6, and degranulation of mast cells (By similarity). In dopaminergic neurons, is involved in promoting mitochondrial functions regulating ATP and ROS levels (By similarity). Also involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism (By similarity). M6ATAR00494 Splicing factor 3A subunit 3 (SF3A3) SF3a60; Spliceosome-associated protein 61; SAP 61 SF3A3_HUMAN hsa:10946 HGNC:10767 . ENSG00000183431 10946 SF3A3 Protein coding 1p34.3 METILEQQRRYHEEKERLMDVMAKEMLTKKSTLRDQINSDHRTRAMQDRYMEVSGNLRDLYDDKDGLRKEELNAISGPNEFAEFYNRLKQIKEFHRKHPNEICVPMSVEFEELLKARENPSEEAQNLVEFTDEEGYGRYLDLHDCYLKYINLKASEKLDYITYLSIFDQLFDIPKERKNAEYKRYLEMLLEYLQDYTDRVKPLQDQNELFGKIQAEFEKKWENGTFPGWPKETSSALTHAGAHLDLSAFSSWEELASLGLDRLKSALLALGLKCGGTLEERAQRLFSTKGKSLESLDTSLFAKNPKSKGTKRDTERNKDIAFLEAQIYEYVEILGEQRHLTHENVQRKQARTGEEREEEEEEQISESESEDEENEIIYNPKNLPLGWDGKPIPYWLYKLHGLNINYNCEICGNYTYRGPKAFQRHFAEWRHAHGMRCLGIPNTAHFANVTQIEDAVSLWAKLKLQKASERWQPDTEEEYEDSSGNVVNKKTYEDLKRQGLL SF3A3 family Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the splicing factor SF3A complex that contributes to the assembly of the 17S U2 snRNP, and the subsequent assembly of the pre-spliceosome 'E' complex and the pre-catalytic spliceosome 'A' complex. Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of pre-catalytic spliceosome 'B' complexes. M6ATAR00391 Splicing factor, proline- and glutamine-rich (SFPQ) 100 kDa DNA-pairing protein; hPOMp100; DNA-binding p52/p100 complex, 100 kDa subunit; Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein-associated-splicing factor; PSF; PTB-associated-splicing factor; PSF SFPQ_HUMAN hsa:6421 HGNC:10774 . ENSG00000116560 6421 SFPQ Protein coding 1p34.3 MSRDRFRSRGGGGGGFHRRGGGGGRGGLHDFRSPPPGMGLNQNRGPMGPGPGQSGPKPPIPPPPPHQQQQQPPPQQPPPQQPPPHQPPPHPQPHQQQQPPPPPQDSSKPVVAQGPGPAPGVGSAPPASSSAPPATPPTSGAPPGSGPGPTPTPPPAVTSAPPGAPPPTPPSSGVPTTPPQAGGPPPPPAAVPGPGPGPKQGPGPGGPKGGKMPGGPKPGGGPGLSTPGGHPKPPHRGGGEPRGGRQHHPPYHQQHHQGPPPGGPGGRSEEKISDSEGFKANLSLLRRPGEKTYTQRCRLFVGNLPADITEDEFKRLFAKYGEPGEVFINKGKGFGFIKLESRALAEIAKAELDDTPMRGRQLRVRFATHAAALSVRNLSPYVSNELLEEAFSQFGPIERAVVIVDDRGRSTGKGIVEFASKPAARKAFERCSEGVFLLTTTPRPVIVEPLEQLDDEDGLPEKLAQKNPMYQKERETPPRFAQHGTFEYEYSQRWKSLDEMEKQQREQVEKNMKDAKDKLESEMEDAYHEHQANLLRQDLMRRQEELRRMEELHNQEMQKRKEMQLRQEEERRRREEEMMIRQREMEEQMRRQREESYSRMGYMDPRERDMRMGGGGAMNMGDPYGSGGQKFPPLGGGGGIGYEANPGVPPATMSGSMMGSDMRTERFGQGGAGPVGGQGPRGMGPGTPAGYGRGREEYEGPNKKPRF . DNA- and RNA binding protein, involved in several nuclear processes. Essential pre-mRNA splicing factor required early in spliceosome formation and for splicing catalytic step II, probably as a heteromer with NONO. Binds to pre-mRNA in spliceosome C complex, and specifically binds to intronic polypyrimidine tracts. Involved in regulation of signal-induced alternative splicing. During splicing of PTPRC/CD45, a phosphorylated form is sequestered by THRAP3 from the pre-mRNA in resting T-cells; T-cell activation and subsequent reduced phosphorylation is proposed to lead to release from THRAP3 allowing binding to pre-mRNA splicing regulatotry elements which represses exon inclusion. Interacts with U5 snRNA, probably by binding to a purine-rich sequence located on the 3' side of U5 snRNA stem 1b. May be involved in a pre-mRNA coupled splicing and polyadenylation process as component of a snRNP-free complex with SNRPA/U1A. The SFPQ-NONO heteromer associated with MATR3 may play a role in nuclear retention of defective RNAs. SFPQ may be involved in homologous DNA pairing; in vitro, promotes the invasion of ssDNA between a duplex DNA and produces a D-loop formation. The SFPQ-NONO heteromer may be involved in DNA unwinding by modulating the function of topoisomerase I/TOP1; in vitro, stimulates dissociation of TOP1 from DNA after cleavage and enhances its jumping between separate DNA helices. The SFPQ-NONO heteromer binds DNA . The SFPQ-NONO heteromer may be involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination and may stabilize paired DNA ends; in vitro, the complex strongly stimulates DNA end joining, binds directly to the DNA substrates and cooperates with the Ku70/G22P1-Ku80/XRCC5 (Ku) dimer to establish a functional preligation complex. SFPQ is involved in transcriptional regulation. Functions as transcriptional activator. Transcriptional repression is mediated by an interaction of SFPQ with SIN3A and subsequent recruitment of histone deacetylases (HDACs). The SFPQ-NONO-NR5A1 complex binds to the CYP17 promoter and regulates basal and cAMP-dependent transcriptional activity. SFPQ isoform Long binds to the DNA binding domains (DBD) of nuclear hormone receptors, like RXRA and probably THRA, and acts as transcriptional corepressor in absence of hormone ligands. Binds the DNA sequence 5'-CTGAGTC-3' in the insulin-like growth factor response element (IGFRE) and inhibits IGF-I-stimulated transcriptional activity. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing the transcriptional activator activity of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer. Required for the transcriptional repression of circadian target genes, such as PER1, mediated by the large PER complex through histone deacetylation (By similarity). Required for the assembly of nuclear speckles. Plays a role in the regulation of DNA virus-mediated innate immune response by assembling into the HDP-RNP complex, a complex that serves as a platform for IRF3 phosphorylation and subsequent innate immune response activation through the cGAS-STING pathway. M6ATAR00464 Sprouty-related, EVH1 domain-containing protein 2 (SPRED2) Spred-2 SPRE2_HUMAN hsa:200734 HGNC:17722 . ENSG00000198369 5395 SPRED2 Protein coding . MTEETHPDDDSYIVRVKAVVMTRDDSSGGWFPQEGGGISRVGVCKVMHPEGNGRSGFLIHGERQKDKLVVLECYVRKDLVYTKANPTFHHWKVDNRKFGLTFQSPADARAFDRGVRKAIEDLIEGSTTSSSTIHNEAELGDDDVFTTATDSSSNSSQKREQPTRTISSPTSCEHRRIYTLGHLHDSYPTDHYHLDQPMPRPYRQVSFPDDDEEIVRINPREKIWMTGYEDYRHAPVRGKYPDPSEDADSSYVRFAKGEVPKHDYNYPYVDSSDFGLGEDPKGRGGSVIKTQPSRGKSRRRKEDGERSRCVYCRDMFNHEENRRGHCQDAPDSVRTCIRRVSCMWCADSMLYHCMSDPEGDYTDPCSCDTSDEKFCLRWMALIALSFLAPCMCCYLPLRACYHCGVMCRCCGGKHKAAA . Negatively regulates Ras signaling pathways and downstream activation of MAP kinases. Inhibits fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-induced retinal lens fiber differentiation, probably by inhibiting FGF-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (By similarity). Inhibits TGFB-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lens epithelial cells (By similarity). M6ATAR00414 SRSF protein kinase 2 (SRPK2) SFRS protein kinase 2; Serine/arginine-rich protein-specific kinase 2; SR-protein-specific kinase 2 SRPK2_HUMAN hsa:6733 HGNC:11306 . ENSG00000135250 6733 SRPK2 Protein coding 7q22.3 MSVNSEKSSSSERPEPQQKAPLVPPPPPPPPPPPPPLPDPTPPEPEEEILGSDDEEQEDPADYCKGGYHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQLIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDAYVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAPQQKPIGKISKNKKKKLKKKQKRQAELLEKRLQEIEELEREAERKIIEENITSAAPSNDQDGEYCPEVKLKTTGLEEAAEAETAKDNGEAEDQEEKEDAEKENIEKDEDDVDQELANIDPTWIESPKTNGHIENGPFSLEQQLDDEDDDEEDCPNPEEYNLDEPNAESDYTYSSSYEQFNGELPNGRHKIPESQFPEFSTSLFSGSLEPVACGSVLSEGSPLTEQEESSPSHDRSRTVSASSTGDLPKAKTRAADLLVNPLDPRNADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSGEDYSRDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFLIPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWLNS protein kinase superfamily; CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family Serine/arginine-rich protein-specific kinase which specifically phosphorylates its substrates at serine residues located in regions rich in arginine/serine dipeptides, known as RS domains and is involved in the phosphorylation of SR splicing factors and the regulation of splicing. Promotes neuronal apoptosis by up-regulating cyclin-D1 (CCND1) expression . This is done by the phosphorylation of SRSF2, leading to the suppression of p53/TP53 phosphorylation thereby relieving the repressive effect of p53/TP53 on cyclin-D1 (CCND1) expression. Phosphorylates ACIN1, and redistributes it from the nuclear speckles to the nucleoplasm, resulting in cyclin A1 but not cyclin A2 up-regulation. Plays an essential role in spliceosomal B complex formation via the phosphorylation of DDX23/PRP28. Probably by phosphorylating DDX23, leads to the suppression of incorrect R-loops formed during transcription; R-loops are composed of a DNA:RNA hybrid and the associated non-template single-stranded DNA. Can mediate hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein phosphorylation. Plays a negative role in the regulation of HBV replication through a mechanism not involving the phosphorylation of the core protein but by reducing the packaging efficiency of the pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) without affecting the formation of the viral core particles. M6ATAR00400 Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing protein 1 (SND1) 100 kDa coactivator; EBNA2 coactivator p100; Tudor domain-containing protein 11; p100 co-activator; TDRD11 SND1_HUMAN hsa:27044 HGNC:30646 . ENSG00000197157 27044 SND1 Protein coding 7q32.1 MASSAQSGGSSGGPAVPTVQRGIIKMVLSGCAIIVRGQPRGGPPPERQINLSNIRAGNLARRAAATQPDAKDTPDEPWAFPAREFLRKKLIGKEVCFTIENKTPQGREYGMIYLGKDTNGENIAESLVAEGLATRREGMRANNPEQNRLSECEEQAKAAKKGMWSEGNGSHTIRDLKYTIENPRHFVDSHHQKPVNAIIEHVRDGSVVRALLLPDYYLVTVMLSGIKCPTFRREADGSETPEPFAAEAKFFTESRLLQRDVQIILESCHNQNILGTILHPNGNITELLLKEGFARCVDWSIAVYTRGAEKLRAAERFAKERRLRIWRDYVAPTANLDQKDKQFVAKVMQVLNADAIVVKLNSGDYKTIHLSSIRPPRLEGENTQDKNKKLRPLYDIPYMFEAREFLRKKLIGKKVNVTVDYIRPASPATETVPAFSERTCATVTIGGINIAEALVSKGLATVIRYRQDDDQRSSHYDELLAAEARAIKNGKGLHSKKEVPIHRVADISGDTQKAKQFLPFLQRAGRSEAVVEYVFSGSRLKLYLPKETCLITFLLAGIECPRGARNLPGLVQEGEPFSEEATLFTKELVLQREVEVEVESMDKAGNFIGWLHIDGANLSVLLVEHALSKVHFTAERSSYYKSLLSAEEAAKQKKEKVWAHYEEQPVEEVMPVLEEKERSASYKPVFVTEITDDLHFYVQDVETGTQLEKLMENMRNDIASHPPVEGSYAPRRGEFCIAKFVDGEWYRARVEKVESPAKIHVFYIDYGNREVLPSTRLGTLSPAFSTRVLPAQATEYAFAFIQVPQDDDARTDAVDSVVRDIQNTQCLLNVEHLSAGCPHVTLQFADSKGDVGLGLVKEGLVMVEVRKEKQFQKVITEYLNAQESAKSARLNLWRYGDFRADDADEFGYSR . Endonuclease that mediates miRNA decay of both protein-free and AGO2-loaded miRNAs. As part of its function in miRNA decay, regulates mRNAs involved in G1-to-S phase transition. Functions as a bridging factor between STAT6 and the basal transcription factor. Plays a role in PIM1 regulation of MYB activity. Functions as a transcriptional coactivator for STAT5 (By similarity).; (Microbial infection) Functions as a transcriptional coactivator for the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2). M6ATAR00388 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) hSCD1; Acyl-CoA desaturase; Delta(9)-desaturase; Delta-9 desaturase; Fatty acid desaturase; FADS5; SCD1; SCDOS SCD_HUMAN hsa:6319 HGNC:10571 . ENSG00000099194 6319 SCD Protein coding 10q24.31 MPAHLLQDDISSSYTTTTTITAPPSRVLQNGGDKLETMPLYLEDDIRPDIKDDIYDPTYKDKEGPSPKVEYVWRNIILMSLLHLGALYGITLIPTCKFYTWLWGVFYYFVSALGITAGAHRLWSHRSYKARLPLRLFLIIANTMAFQNDVYEWARDHRAHHKFSETHADPHNSRRGFFFSHVGWLLVRKHPAVKEKGSTLDLSDLEAEKLVMFQRRYYKPGLLMMCFILPTLVPWYFWGETFQNSVFVATFLRYAVVLNATWLVNSAAHLFGYRPYDKNISPRENILVSLGAVGEGFHNYHHSFPYDYSASEYRWHINFTTFFIDCMAALGLAYDRKKVSKAAILARIKRTGDGNYKSG fatty acid desaturase type 1 family Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates. Catalyzes the insertion of a cis double bond at the delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA. Gives rise to a mixture of 16:1 and 18:1 unsaturated fatty acids. Plays an important role in lipid biosynthesis. Plays an important role in regulating the expression of genes that are involved in lipogenesis and in regulating mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (By similarity). Plays an important role in body energy homeostasis (By similarity). Contributes to the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides (By similarity). M6ATAR00411 Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBF1) SREBP-1; Class D basic helix-loop-helix protein 1; bHLHd1; Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1; Transcription factor SREBF1; BHLHD1; SREBP1 SRBP1_HUMAN hsa:6720 HGNC:11289 . ENSG00000072310 6720 SREBF1 Protein coding 17p11.2 MDEPPFSEAALEQALGEPCDLDAALLTDIEDMLQLINNQDSDFPGLFDPPYAGSGAGGTDPASPDTSSPGSLSPPPATLSSSLEAFLSGPQAAPSPLSPPQPAPTPLKMYPSMPAFSPGPGIKEESVPLSILQTPTPQPLPGALLPQSFPAPAPPQFSSTPVLGYPSPPGGFSTGSPPGNTQQPLPGLPLASPPGVPPVSLHTQVQSVVPQQLLTVTAAPTAAPVTTTVTSQIQQVPVLLQPHFIKADSLLLTAMKTDGATVKAAGLSPLVSGTTVQTGPLPTLVSGGTILATVPLVVDAEKLPINRLAAGSKAPASAQSRGEKRTAHNAIEKRYRSSINDKIIELKDLVVGTEAKLNKSAVLRKAIDYIRFLQHSNQKLKQENLSLRTAVHKSKSLKDLVSACGSGGNTDVLMEGVKTEVEDTLTPPPSDAGSPFQSSPLSLGSRGSGSGGSGSDSEPDSPVFEDSKAKPEQRPSLHSRGMLDRSRLALCTLVFLCLSCNPLASLLGARGLPSPSDTTSVYHSPGRNVLGTESRDGPGWAQWLLPPVVWLLNGLLVLVSLVLLFVYGEPVTRPHSGPAVYFWRHRKQADLDLARGDFAQAAQQLWLALRALGRPLPTSHLDLACSLLWNLIRHLLQRLWVGRWLAGRAGGLQQDCALRVDASASARDAALVYHKLHQLHTMGKHTGGHLTATNLALSALNLAECAGDAVSVATLAEIYVAAALRVKTSLPRALHFLTRFFLSSARQACLAQSGSVPPAMQWLCHPVGHRFFVDGDWSVLSTPWESLYSLAGNPVDPLAQVTQLFREHLLERALNCVTQPNPSPGSADGDKEFSDALGYLQLLNSCSDAAGAPAYSFSISSSMATTTGVDPVAKWWASLTAVVIHWLRRDEEAAERLCPLVEHLPRVLQESERPLPRAALHSFKAARALLGCAKAESGPASLTICEKASGYLQDSLATTPASSSIDKAVQLFLCDLLLVVRTSLWRQQQPPAPAPAAQGTSSRPQASALELRGFQRDLSSLRRLAQSFRPAMRRVFLHEATARLMAGASPTRTHQLLDRSLRRRAGPGGKGGAVAELEPRPTRREHAEALLLASCYLPPGFLSAPGQRVGMLAEAARTLEKLGDRRLLHDCQQMLMRLGGGTTVTSS SREBP family [Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1]: Precursor of the transcription factor form (Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1), which is embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane . Low sterol concentrations promote processing of this form, releasing the transcription factor form that translocates into the nucleus and activates transcription of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and lipid homeostasis (By similarity); [Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1]: Key transcription factor that regulates expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and lipid homeostasis . Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3'). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3'). Regulates the promoters of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and the LDL receptor (LDLR) pathway of sterol regulation; [Isoform SREBP-1A]: Isoform expressed only in select tissues, which has higher transcriptional activity compared to SREBP-1C (By similarity). Able to stimulate both lipogenic and cholesterogenic gene expression. Has a role in the nutritional regulation of fatty acids and triglycerides in lipogenic organs such as the liver (By similarity). Required for innate immune response in macrophages by regulating lipid metabolism (By similarity).; [Isoform SREBP-1C]: Predominant isoform expressed in most tissues, which has weaker transcriptional activity compared to isoform SREBP-1A (By similarity). Primarily controls expression of lipogenic gene. Strongly activates global lipid synthesis in rapidly growing cells (By similarity).; [Isoform SREBP-1aDelta]: The absence of Golgi proteolytic processing requirement makes this isoform constitutively active in transactivation of lipogenic gene promoters; [Isoform SREBP-1cDelta]: The absence of Golgi proteolytic processing requirement makes this isoform constitutively active in transactivation of lipogenic gene promoters. M6ATAR00419 Stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING1) hSTING; Endoplasmic reticulum interferon stimulator; ERIS; Mediator of IRF3 activation; hMITA; Transmembrane protein 173; ERIS; MITA; STING; TMEM173 STING_HUMAN hsa:340061 HGNC:27962 . ENSG00000184584; ENSG00000288243 340061 STING1 Protein coding 5q31.2 MPHSSLHPSIPCPRGHGAQKAALVLLSACLVTLWGLGEPPEHTLRYLVLHLASLQLGLLLNGVCSLAEELRHIHSRYRGSYWRTVRACLGCPLRRGALLLLSIYFYYSLPNAVGPPFTWMLALLGLSQALNILLGLKGLAPAEISAVCEKGNFNVAHGLAWSYYIGYLRLILPELQARIRTYNQHYNNLLRGAVSQRLYILLPLDCGVPDNLSMADPNIRFLDKLPQQTGDHAGIKDRVYSNSIYELLENGQRAGTCVLEYATPLQTLFAMSQYSQAGFSREDRLEQAKLFCRTLEDILADAPESQNNCRLIAYQEPADDSSFSLSQEVLRHLRQEEKEEVTVGSLKTSAVPSTSTMSQEPELLISGMEKPLPLRTDFS STING family Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm. Acts by binding cyclic dinucleotides: recognizes and binds cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced by CGAS in response to DNA virus in the cytosol. Upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, STING1 oligomerizes, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum and is phosphorylated by TBK1 on the pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment and subsequent activation of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state. In addition to promote the production of type I interferons, plays a direct role in autophagy. Following cGAMP-binding, STING1 buds from the endoplasmic reticulum into COPII vesicles, which then form the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). The ERGIC serves as the membrane source for WIPI2 recruitment and LC3 lipidation, leading to formation of autophagosomes that target cytosolic DNA or DNA viruses for degradation by the lysosome. The autophagy- and interferon-inducing activities can be uncoupled and autophagy induction is independent of TBK1 phosphorylation . Autophagy is also triggered upon infection by bacteria: following c-di-GMP-binding, which is produced by live Gram-positive bacteria, promotes reticulophagy (By similarity). Exhibits 2',3' phosphodiester linkage-specific ligand recognition: can bind both 2'-3' linked cGAMP (2'-3'-cGAMP) and 3'-3' linked cGAMP but is preferentially activated by 2'-3' linked cGAMP. The preference for 2'-3'-cGAMP, compared to other linkage isomers is probably due to the ligand itself, whichs adopts an organized free-ligand conformation that resembles the STING1-bound conformation and pays low energy costs in changing into the active conformation . May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons. May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) (By similarity).; (Microbial infection) Antiviral activity is antagonized by oncoproteins, such as papillomavirus (HPV) protein E7 and adenovirus early E1A protein . Such oncoproteins prevent the ability to sense cytosolic DNA. M6ATAR00530 Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) SL-1; Matrix metalloproteinase-3; MMP-3; Transin-1 MMP3_HUMAN hsa:4314 HGNC:7173 . ENSG00000149968 4314 MMP-3 Protein coding 11q22.2 MKSLPILLLLCVAVCSAYPLDGAARGEDTSMNLVQKYLENYYDLKKDVKQFVRRKDSGPVVKKIREMQKFLGLEVTGKLDSDTLEVMRKPRCGVPDVGHFRTFPGIPKWRKTHLTYRIVNYTPDLPKDAVDSAVEKALKVWEEVTPLTFSRLYEGEADIMISFAVREHGDFYPFDGPGNVLAHAYAPGPGINGDAHFDDDEQWTKDTTGTNLFLVAAHEIGHSLGLFHSANTEALMYPLYHSLTDLTRFRLSQDDINGIQSLYGPPPDSPETPLVPTEPVPPEPGTPANCDPALSFDAVSTLRGEILIFKDRHFWRKSLRKLEPELHLISSFWPSLPSGVDAAYEVTSKDLVFIFKGNQFWAIRGNEVRAGYPRGIHTLGFPPTVRKIDAAISDKEKNKTYFFVEDKYWRFDEKRNSMEPGFPKQIAEDFPGIDSKIDAVFEEFGFFYFFTGSSQLEFDPNAKKVTHTLKSNSWLNC Peptidase M10A family Can degrade fibronectin, laminin, gelatins of type I, III, IV, and V; collagens III, IV, X, and IX, and cartilage proteoglycans. Activates procollagenase. M6ATAR00800 SUMO specific peptidase 1 (SENP1) Sentrin-specific protease 1; EC:3.4.22.-; Sentrin/SUMO-specific protease SENP1 SENP1_HUMAN hsa:29843 HGNC:17927 . ENSG00000079387 29843 SENP1 Protein coding 12q13.11 MDDIADRMRMDAGEVTLVNHNSVFKTHLLPQTGFPEDQLSLSDQQILSSRQGHLDRSFTCSTRSAAYNPSYYSDNPSSDSFLGSGDLRTFGQSANGQWRNSTPSSSSSLQKSRNSRSLYLETRKTSSGLSNSFAGKSNHHCHVSAYEKSFPIKPVPSPSWSGSCRRSLLSPKKTQRRHVSTAEETVQEEEREIYRQLLQMVTGKQFTIAKPTTHFPLHLSRCLSSSKNTLKDSLFKNGNSCASQIIGSDTSSSGSASILTNQEQLSHSVYSLSSYTPDVAFGSKDSGTLHHPHHHHSVPHQPDNLAASNTQSEGSDSVILLKVKDSQTPTPSSTFFQAELWIKELTSVYDSRARERLRQIEEQKALALQLQNQRLQEREHSVHDSVELHLRVPLEKEIPVTVVQETQKKGHKLTDSEDEFPEITEEMEKEIKNVFRNGNQDEVLSEAFRLTITRKDIQTLNHLNWLNDEIINFYMNMLMERSKEKGLPSVHAFNTFFFTKLKTAGYQAVKRWTKKVDVFSVDILLVPIHLGVHWCLAVVDFRKKNITYYDSMGGINNEACRILLQYLKQESIDKKRKEFDTNGWQLFSKKSQEIPQQMNGSDCGMFACKYADCITKDRPINFTQQHMPYFRKRMVWEILHRKLL Peptidase C48 family Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway. The first is the hydrolysis of an alpha-linked peptide bond at the C-terminal end of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) propeptides, SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 leading to the mature form of the proteins. The second is the deconjugation of SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, by cleaving an epsilon-linked peptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of the mature SUMO and the lysine epsilon-amino group of the target protein. Deconjugates SUMO1 from HIPK2. Deconjugates SUMO1 from HDAC1 and BHLHE40/DEC1, which decreases its transcriptional repression activity. Deconjugates SUMO1 from CLOCK, which decreases its transcriptional activation activity. Deconjugates SUMO2 from MTA1. Deconjugates SUMO1 from METTL3. Desumoylates CCAR2 which decreases its interaction with SIRT1. Deconjugates SUMO1 from GPS2. M6ATAR00402 Superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial (SOD2) . SODM_HUMAN hsa:6648 HGNC:11180 . ENSG00000112096 6648 SOD2 Protein coding 6q25.3 MLSRAVCGTSRQLAPVLGYLGSRQKHSLPDLPYDYGALEPHINAQIMQLHHSKHHAAYVNNLNVTEEKYQEALAKGDVTAQIALQPALKFNGGGHINHSIFWTNLSPNGGGEPKGELLEAIKRDFGSFDKFKEKLTAASVGVQGSGWGWLGFNKERGHLQIAACPNQDPLQGTTGLIPLLGIDVWEHAYYLQYKNVRPDYLKAIWNVINWENVTERYMACKK iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family Destroys superoxide anion radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems. M6ATAR00774 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) SSI1; TIP3; Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1; SOCS-1 ; JAK-binding protein; JAB ; STAT-induced STAT inhibitor 1; SSI-1 ; Tec-interacting protein 3; TIP-3 SOCS1_HUMAN hsa:8651 HGNC:19383 . ENSG00000185338.7 8651 SOCS1 Protein coding 16p13.13 MVAHNQVAADNAVSTAAEPRRRPEPSSSSSSSPAAPARPRPCPAVPAPAPGDTHFRTFRSHADYRRITRASALLDACGFYWGPLSVHGAHERLRAEPVGTFLVRDSRQRNCFFALSVKMASGPTSIRVHFQAGRFHLDGSRESFDCLFELLEHYVAAPRRMLGAPLRQRRVRPLQELCRQRIVATVGRENLARIPLNPVLRDYLSSFPFQI SOCS1 family Essential negative regulator of type I and type II interferon (IFN) signaling, as well as that of other cytokines, including IL2, IL4, IL6 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Downregulates cytokine signaling by inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Acts by binding to JAK proteins and to IFNGR1 and inhibiting their kinase activity. In vitro, suppresses Tec protein-tyrosine activity. Regulates IFN-gamma (IFNG)-mediated sensory neuron survival (By similarity). Probable substrate recognition component of an ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. M6ATAR00401 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) SOCS-2; Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 2; CIS-2; STAT-induced STAT inhibitor 2; SSI-2; CIS2; SSI2; STATI2 SOCS2_HUMAN hsa:8835 HGNC:19382 . ENSG00000120833 8835 SOCS2 Protein coding 12q MTLRCLEPSGNGGEGTRSQWGTAGSAEEPSPQAARLAKALRELGQTGWYWGSMTVNEAKEKLKEAPEGTFLIRDSSHSDYLLTISVKTSAGPTNLRIEYQDGKFRLDSIICVKSKLKQFDSVVHLIDYYVQMCKDKRTGPEAPRNGTVHLYLTKPLYTSAPSLQHLCRLTINKCTGAIWGLPLPTRLKDYLEEYKFQV . SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. SOCS2 appears to be a negative regulator in the growth hormone/IGF1 signaling pathway. Probable substrate recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. M6ATAR00610 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) SOCS-3; Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 3; CIS-3; STAT-induced STAT inhibitor 3; SSI-3 SOCS3_HUMAN hsa:9021 HGNC:19391 . ENSG00000184557 9021 SOCS3 Protein coding 17q25.3 MVTHSKFPAAGMSRPLDTSLRLKTFSSKSEYQLVVNAVRKLQESGFYWSAVTGGEANLLLSAEPAGTFLIRDSSDQRHFFTLSVKTQSGTKNLRIQCEGGSFSLQSDPRSTQPVPRFDCVLKLVHHYMPPPGAPSFPSPPTEPSSEVPEQPSAQPLPGSPPRRAYYIYSGGEKIPLVLSRPLSSNVATLQHLCRKTVNGHLDSYEKVTQLPGPIREFLDQYDAPL . SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. SOCS3 is involved in negative regulation of cytokines that signal through the JAK/STAT pathway. Inhibits cytokine signal transduction by binding to tyrosine kinase receptors including IL6ST/gp130, LIF, erythropoietin, insulin, IL12, GCSF and leptin receptors. Binding to JAK2 inhibits its kinase activity and regulates IL6 signaling. Suppresses fetal liver erythropoiesis. Regulates onset and maintenance of allergic responses mediated by T-helper type 2 cells (By similarity). Probable substrate recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. M6ATAR00776 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 4 (SOCS4) SOCS7; Suppressor of cytokine signaling 4; SOCS-4 ; Suppressor of cytokine signaling 7; SOCS-7 SOCS4_HUMAN hsa:122809 HGNC:19392 . ENSG00000180008.9 122809 SOCS4 Protein coding 14q22.3 MAENNENISKNVDVRPKTSRSRSADRKDGYVWSGKKLSWSKKSESYSDAETVNGIEKTEVSLRNQERKHSCSSIELDLDHSCGHRFLGRSLKQKLQDAVGQCFPIKNCSSRHSSGLPSKRKIHISELMLDKCPFPPRSDLAFRWHFIKRHTAPINSKSDEWVSTDLSQTELRDGQLKRRNMEENINCFSHTNVQPCVITTDNALCREGPMTGSVMNLVSNNSIEDSDMDSDDEILTLCTSSRKRNKPKWDLDDEILQLETPPKYHTQIDYVHCLVPDLLQINNNPCYWGVMDKYAAEALLEGKPEGTFLLRDSAQEDYLFSVSFRRYSRSLHARIEQWNHNFSFDAHDPCVFHSPDITGLLEHYKDPSACMFFEPLLSTPLIRTFPFSLQHICRTVICNCTTYDGIDALPIPSSMKLYLKEYHYKSKVRVLRIDAPEQQC . SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. Substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Inhibits EGF signaling by mediating the degradation of the Tyr-phosphorylated EGF receptor/EGFR. M6ATAR00775 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 (SOCS5) CIS6; CISH5; CISH6; KIAA0671; Suppressor of cytokine signaling 5; SOCS-5 ; Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 6; CIS-6 ; Cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein 5 SOCS5_HUMAN hsa:9655 HGNC:16852 . ENSG00000171150.9 9655 SOCS5 Protein coding 2p21 MDKVGKMWNNFKYRCQNLFGHEGGSRSENVDMNSNRCLSVKEKNISIGDSTPQQQSSPLRENIALQLGLSPSKNSSRRNQNCATEIPQIVEISIEKDNDSCVTPGTRLARRDSYSRHAPWGGKKKHSCSTKTQSSLDADKKFGRTRSGLQRRERRYGVSSVHDMDSVSSRTVGSRSLRQRLQDTVGLCFPMRTYSKQSKPLFSNKRKIHLSELMLEKCPFPAGSDLAQKWHLIKQHTAPVSPHSTFFDTFDPSLVSTEDEEDRLRERRRLSIEEGVDPPPNAQIHTFEATAQVNPLYKLGPKLAPGMTEISGDSSAIPQANCDSEEDTTTLCLQSRRQKQRQISGDSHTHVSRQGAWKVHTQIDYIHCLVPDLLQITGNPCYWGVMDRYEAEALLEGKPEGTFLLRDSAQEDYLFSVSFRRYNRSLHARIEQWNHNFSFDAHDPCVFHSSTVTGLLEHYKDPSSCMFFEPLLTISLNRTFPFSLQYICRAVICRCTTYDGIDGLPLPSMLQDFLKEYHYKQKVRVRWLEREPVKAK . SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. May be a substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Inhibits for instance EGF signaling by mediating the degradation of the EGF receptor/EGFR. Involved in the regulation of T-helper cell differentiation by inhibiting of the IL4 signaling pathway which promotes differentiation into the Th2 phenotype. Can also partially inhibit IL6 and LIF signaling. M6ATAR00777 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6) CIS4; SOCS4; Suppressor of cytokine signaling 6; SOCS-6 ; Cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 4; CIS-4 ; Suppressor of cytokine signaling 4; SOCS-4 SOCS6_HUMAN hsa:9306 HGNC:16833 . ENSG00000170677.6 9306 SOCS6 Protein coding 18q22.2 MKKISLKTLRKSFNLNKSKEETDFMVVQQPSLASDFGKDDSLFGSCYGKDMASCDINGEDEKGGKNRSKSESLMGTLKRRLSAKQKSKGKAGTPSGSSADEDTFSSSSAPIVFKDVRAQRPIRSTSLRSHHYSPAPWPLRPTNSEETCIKMEVRVKALVHSSSPSPALNGVRKDFHDLQSETTCQEQANSLKSSASHNGDLHLHLDEHVPVVIGLMPQDYIQYTVPLDEGMYPLEGSRSYCLDSSSPMEVSAVPPQVGGRAFPEDESQVDQDLVVAPEIFVDQSVNGLLIGTTGVMLQSPRAGHDDVPPLSPLLPPMQNNQIQRNFSGLTGTEAHVAESMRCHLNFDPNSAPGVARVYDSVQSSGPMVVTSLTEELKKLAKQGWYWGPITRWEAEGKLANVPDGSFLVRDSSDDRYLLSLSFRSHGKTLHTRIEHSNGRFSFYEQPDVEGHTSIVDLIEHSIRDSENGAFCYSRSRLPGSATYPVRLTNPVSRFMQVRSLQYLCRFVIRQYTRIDLIQKLPLPNKMKDYLQEKHY . SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. May be a substrate recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Regulates KIT degradation by ubiquitination of the tyrosine-phosphorylated receptor. M6ATAR00673 SVIL antisense RNA 1 (SVIL-AS1) RP11-534G20.3 . . HGNC:51219 . ENSG00000224597 102724316 SVIL-AS1 LncRNA 10p11.23 . . . M6ATAR00682 Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 (MLST8) TORC subunit LST8; G protein beta subunit-like; Gable; Protein GbetaL; Mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8; mLST8 LST8_HUMAN hsa:64223 HGNC:24825 . ENSG00000167965 64223 MLST8 Protein coding 16p13.3 MNTSPGTVGSDPVILATAGYDHTVRFWQAHSGICTRTVQHQDSQVNALEVTPDRSMIAAAGYQHIRMYDLNSNNPNPIISYDGVNKNIASVGFHEDGRWMYTGGEDCTARIWDLRSRNLQCQRIFQVNAPINCVCLHPNQAELIVGDQSGAIHIWDLKTDHNEQLIPEPEVSITSAHIDPDASYMAAVNSTGNCYVWNLTGGIGDEVTQLIPKTKIPAHTRYALQCRFSPDSTLLATCSADQTCKIWRTSNFSLMTELSIKSGNPGESSRGWMWGCAFSGDSQYIVTASSDNLARLWCVETGEIKREYGGHQKAVVCLAFNDSVLG WD repeat LST8 family Subunit of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which regulates cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino acids. Growth factor-stimulated mTORC1 activation involves a AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of TSC1-TSC2, which leads to the activation of the RHEB GTPase that potently activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Amino acid-signaling to mTORC1 requires its relocalization to the lysosomes mediated by the Ragulator complex and the Rag GTPases. Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. mTORC1 phosphorylates EIF4EBP1 and releases it from inhibiting the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E). mTORC1 phosphorylates and activates S6K1 at 'Thr-389', which then promotes protein synthesis by phosphorylating PDCD4 and targeting it for degradation. Within mTORC1, LST8 interacts directly with MTOR and enhances its kinase activity. In nutrient-poor conditions, stabilizes the MTOR-RPTOR interaction and favors RPTOR-mediated inhibition of MTOR activity. mTORC2 is also activated by growth factors, but seems to be nutrient-insensitive. mTORC2 seems to function upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors. mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin. mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 'Ser-473' phosphorylation, which may facilitate the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 on 'Thr-308' by PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation. mTORC2 regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422'. mTORC2 also modulates the phosphorylation of PRKCA on 'Ser-657'. M6ATAR00595 Tastin (TROAP) Trophinin-assisting protein; Trophinin-associated protein TROAP_HUMAN hsa:10024 HGNC:12327 . ENSG00000135451 10024 TROAP Protein coding 12q13.12 MTTRQATKDPLLRGVSPTPSKIPVRSQKRTPFPTVTSCAVDQENQDPRRWVQKPPLNIQRPLVDSAGPRPKARHQAETSQRLVGISQPRNPLEELRPSPRGQNVGPGPPAQTEAPGTIEFVADPAALATILSGEGVKSCHLGRQPSLAKRVLVRGSQGGTTQRVQGVRASAYLAPRTPTHRLDPARASCFSRLEGPGPRGRTLCPQRLQALISPSGPSFHPSTRPSFQELRRETAGSSRTSVSQASGLLLETPVQPAFSLPKGEREVVTHSDEGGVASLGLAQRVPLRENREMSHTRDSHDSHLMPSPAPVAQPLPGHVVPCPSPFGRAQRVPSPGPPTLTSYSVLRRLTVQPKTRFTPMPSTPRVQQAQWLRGVSPQSCSEDPALPWEQVAVRLFDQESCIRSLEGSGKPPVATPSGPHSNRTPSLQEVKIQRIGILQQLLRQEVEGLVGGQCVPLNGGSSLDMVELQPLLTEISRTLNATEHNSGTSHLPGLLKHSGLPKPCLPEECGEPQPCPPAEPGPPEAFCRSEPEIPEPSLQEQLEVPEPYPPAEPRPLESCCRSEPEIPESSRQEQLEVPEPCPPAEPRPLESYCRIEPEIPESSRQEQLEVPEPCPPAEPGPLQPSTQGQSGPPGPCPRVELGASEPCTLEHRSLESSLPPCCSQWAPATTSLIFSSQHPLCASPPICSLQSLRPPAGQAGLSNLAPRTLALRERLKSCLTAIHCFHEARLDDECAFYTSRAPPSGPTRVCTNPVATLLEWQDALCFIPVGSAAPQGSP . Could be involved with bystin and trophinin in a cell adhesion molecule complex that mediates an initial attachment of the blastocyst to uterine epithelial cells at the time of the embryo implantation. M6ATAR00423 T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 (TAL1) TAL-1; Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 17; bHLHa17; Stem cell protein; T-cell leukemia/lymphoma protein 5; BHLHA17; SCL; TCL5 TAL1_HUMAN hsa:6886 HGNC:11556 . ENSG00000162367 6886 TAL1 Protein coding 1p33 MTERPPSEAARSDPQLEGRDAAEASMAPPHLVLLNGVAKETSRAAAAEPPVIELGARGGPGGGPAGGGGAARDLKGRDAATAEARHRVPTTELCRPPGPAPAPAPASVTAELPGDGRMVQLSPPALAAPAAPGRALLYSLSQPLASLGSGFFGEPDAFPMFTTNNRVKRRPSPYEMEITDGPHTKVVRRIFTNSRERWRQQNVNGAFAELRKLIPTHPPDKKLSKNEILRLAMKYINFLAKLLNDQEEEGTQRAKTGKDPVVGAGGGGGGGGGGAPPDDLLQDVLSPNSSCGSSLDGAASPDSYTEEPAPKHTARSLHPAMLPAADGAGPR . Implicated in the genesis of hemopoietic malignancies. It may play an important role in hemopoietic differentiation. Serves as a positive regulator of erythroid differentiation (By similarity). M6ATAR00075 Testis associated oncogenic lncRNA (THORLNC) THORLNC; THOR; testis-associated highly-conserved oncogenic long non-coding RNA . . HGNC:53788 . ENSG00000226856 100506797 THORLNC LncRNA 2q14.2 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00737 TGF-beta receptor type-2 (TGF-Beta-R2) TGFR-2; TGF-beta type II receptor; Transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II; TGF-beta receptor type II; TbetaR-II TGFR2_HUMAN hsa:7048 HGNC:11773 . ENSG00000163513 7048 TGF-Beta-R2 Protein coding 3p24.1 MGRGLLRGLWPLHIVLWTRIASTIPPHVQKSVNNDMIVTDNNGAVKFPQLCKFCDVRFSTCDNQKSCMSNCSITSICEKPQEVCVAVWRKNDENITLETVCHDPKLPYHDFILEDAASPKCIMKEKKKPGETFFMCSCSSDECNDNIIFSEEYNTSNPDLLLVIFQVTGISLLPPLGVAISVIIIFYCYRVNRQQKLSSTWETGKTRKLMEFSEHCAIILEDDRSDISSTCANNINHNTELLPIELDTLVGKGRFAEVYKAKLKQNTSEQFETVAVKIFPYEEYASWKTEKDIFSDINLKHENILQFLTAEERKTELGKQYWLITAFHAKGNLQEYLTRHVISWEDLRKLGSSLARGIAHLHSDHTPCGRPKMPIVHRDLKSSNILVKNDLTCCLCDFGLSLRLDPTLSVDDLANSGQVGTARYMAPEVLESRMNLENVESFKQTDVYSMALVLWEMTSRCNAVGEVKDYEPPFGSKVREHPCVESMKDNVLRDRGRPEIPSFWLNHQGIQMVCETLTECWDHDPEARLTAQCVAERFSELEHLDRLSGRSCSEEKIPEDGSLNTTK Protein kinase superfamily, TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family, TGFB receptor subfamily Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase forming with the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, TGFBR1, the non-promiscuous receptor for the TGF-beta cytokines TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Transduces the TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and thus regulates a plethora of physiological and pathological processes including cell cycle arrest in epithelial and hematopoietic cells, control of mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. The formation of the receptor complex composed of 2 TGFBR1 and 2 TGFBR2 molecules symmetrically bound to the cytokine dimer results in the phosphorylation and activation of TGFBR1 by the constitutively active TGFBR2. Activated TGFBR1 phosphorylates SMAD2 which dissociates from the receptor and interacts with SMAD4. The SMAD2-SMAD4 complex is subsequently translocated to the nucleus where it modulates the transcription of the TGF-beta-regulated genes. This constitutes the canonical SMAD-dependent TGF-beta signaling cascade. Also involved in non-canonical, SMAD-independent TGF-beta signaling pathways; [Isoform 1]: Has transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity; FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Has transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity; [Isoform 3]: Binds TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 in the picomolar affinity range without the participation of additional receptors. Blocks activation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 by TGFB1.. M6ATAR00102 THAP7 antisense RNA 1 (THAP7-AS1) THAP7-AS1; THAP7 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding) . . HGNC:41013 . ENSG00000230513 439931 THAP7-AS1 LncRNA 22q11.21 . Antisense RNAs . M6ATAR00430 Thioredoxin (TXN/SASP) . THIO_HUMAN hsa:7295 HGNC:12435 . ENSG00000136810 7295 TXN Protein coding 9q31.3 MVKQIESKTAFQEALDAAGDKLVVVDFSATWCGPCKMIKPFFHSLSEKYSNVIFLEVDVDDCQDVASECEVKCMPTFQFFKKGQKVGEFSGANKEKLEATINELV thioredoxin family Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity; ADF augments the expression of the interleukin-2 receptor TAC (IL2R/P55). M6ATAR00578 Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 5 (TXNDC5) Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 46; ER protein 46; ERp46; Thioredoxin-like protein p46 TXND5_HUMAN hsa:81567 HGNC:21073 . ENSG00000239264 81567 TXNDC5 Protein coding 6p24.3 MPARPGRLLPLLARPAALTALLLLLLGHGGGGRWGARAQEAAAAAADGPPAADGEDGQDPHSKHLYTADMFTHGIQSAAHFVMFFAPWCGHCQRLQPTWNDLGDKYNSMEDAKVYVAKVDCTAHSDVCSAQGVRGYPTLKLFKPGQEAVKYQGPRDFQTLENWMLQTLNEEPVTPEPEVEPPSAPELKQGLYELSASNFELHVAQGDHFIKFFAPWCGHCKALAPTWEQLALGLEHSETVKIGKVDCTQHYELCSGNQVRGYPTLLWFRDGKKVDQYKGKRDLESLREYVESQLQRTETGATETVTPSEAPVLAAEPEADKGTVLALTENNFDDTIAEGITFIKFYAPWCGHCKTLAPTWEELSKKEFPGLAGVKIAEVDCTAERNICSKYSVRGYPTLLLFRGGKKVSEHSGGRDLDSLHRFVLSQAKDEL Protein disulfide isomerase family Protein disulfide isomerase of the endoplasmic reticulum lumen involved in the formation of disulfide bonds in proteins. Can reduce insulin disulfide bonds. M6ATAR00486 Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) Glycoprotein G; TSP; TSP1 TSP1_HUMAN hsa:7057 HGNC:11785 . ENSG00000137801 5395 THBS1 Protein coding . MGLAWGLGVLFLMHVCGTNRIPESGGDNSVFDIFELTGAARKGSGRRLVKGPDPSSPAFRIEDANLIPPVPDDKFQDLVDAVRAEKGFLLLASLRQMKKTRGTLLALERKDHSGQVFSVVSNGKAGTLDLSLTVQGKQHVVSVEEALLATGQWKSITLFVQEDRAQLYIDCEKMENAELDVPIQSVFTRDLASIARLRIAKGGVNDNFQGVLQNVRFVFGTTPEDILRNKGCSSSTSVLLTLDNNVVNGSSPAIRTNYIGHKTKDLQAICGISCDELSSMVLELRGLRTIVTTLQDSIRKVTEENKELANELRRPPLCYHNGVQYRNNEEWTVDSCTECHCQNSVTICKKVSCPIMPCSNATVPDGECCPRCWPSDSADDGWSPWSEWTSCSTSCGNGIQQRGRSCDSLNNRCEGSSVQTRTCHIQECDKRFKQDGGWSHWSPWSSCSVTCGDGVITRIRLCNSPSPQMNGKPCEGEARETKACKKDACPINGGWGPWSPWDICSVTCGGGVQKRSRLCNNPTPQFGGKDCVGDVTENQICNKQDCPIDGCLSNPCFAGVKCTSYPDGSWKCGACPPGYSGNGIQCTDVDECKEVPDACFNHNGEHRCENTDPGYNCLPCPPRFTGSQPFGQGVEHATANKQVCKPRNPCTDGTHDCNKNAKCNYLGHYSDPMYRCECKPGYAGNGIICGEDTDLDGWPNENLVCVANATYHCKKDNCPNLPNSGQEDYDKDGIGDACDDDDDNDKIPDDRDNCPFHYNPAQYDYDRDDVGDRCDNCPYNHNPDQADTDNNGEGDACAADIDGDGILNERDNCQYVYNVDQRDTDMDGVGDQCDNCPLEHNPDQLDSDSDRIGDTCDNNQDIDEDGHQNNLDNCPYVPNANQADHDKDGKGDACDHDDDNDGIPDDKDNCRLVPNPDQKDSDGDGRGDACKDDFDHDSVPDIDDICPENVDISETDFRRFQMIPLDPKGTSQNDPNWVVRHQGKELVQTVNCDPGLAVGYDEFNAVDFSGTFFINTERDDDYAGFVFGYQSSSRFYVVMWKQVTQSYWDTNPTRAQGYSGLSVKVVNSTTGPGEHLRNALWHTGNTPGQVRTLWHDPRHIGWKDFTAYRWRLSHRPKTGFIRVVMYEGKKIMADSGPIYDKTYAGGRLGLFVFSQEMVFFSDLKYECRDP thrombospondin family. {ECO:0000305}. Adhesive glycoprotein that mediates cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions. Binds heparin. May play a role in dentinogenesis and/or maintenance of dentin and dental pulp (By similarity). Ligand for CD36 mediating antiangiogenic properties. Plays a role in ER stress response, via its interaction with the activating transcription factor 6 alpha (ATF6) which produces adaptive ER stress response factors (By similarity). {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11134179, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15014436}. M6ATAR00308 Thymidine kinase, cytosolic (TK1) . KITH_HUMAN hsa:7083 HGNC:11830 . ENSG00000167900 7083 TK1 Protein coding 17q25.3 MSCINLPTVLPGSPSKTRGQIQVILGPMFSGKSTELMRRVRRFQIAQYKCLVIKYAKDTRYSSSFCTHDRNTMEALPACLLRDVAQEALGVAVIGIDEGQFFPDIVEFCEAMANAGKTVIVAALDGTFQRKPFGAILNLVPLAESVVKLTAVCMECFREAAYTKRLGTEKEVEVIGGADKYHSVCRLCYFKKASGQPAGPDNKENCPVPGKPGEAVAARKLFAPQQILQCSPAN thymidine kinase family . M6ATAR00615 Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) TFPI-2; Placental protein 5; PP5 TFPI2_HUMAN hsa:7980 HGNC:11761 . ENSG00000105825 7980 TFPI-2 Protein coding 7q21.3 MDPARPLGLSILLLFLTEAALGDAAQEPTGNNAEICLLPLDYGPCRALLLRYYYDRYTQSCRQFLYGGCEGNANNFYTWEACDDACWRIEKVPKVCRLQVSVDDQCEGSTEKYFFNLSSMTCEKFFSGGCHRNRIENRFPDEATCMGFCAPKKIPSFCYSPKDEGLCSANVTRYYFNPRYRTCDAFTYTGCGGNDNNFVSREDCKRACAKALKKKKKMPKLRFASRIRKIRKKQF . May play a role in the regulation of plasmin-mediated matrix remodeling. Inhibits trypsin, plasmin, factor VIIa/tissue factor and weakly factor Xa. Has no effect on thrombin. M6ATAR00725 Titin Connectin; Rhabdomyosarcoma antigen MU-RMS-40.14 TITIN_HUMAN hsa:7273 HGNC:12403 . ENSG00000155657 7273 Titin Protein coding 2q31.2 MTTQAPTFTQPLQSVVVLEGSTATFEAHISGFPVPEVSWFRDGQVISTSTLPGVQISFSDGRAKLTIPAVTKANSGRYSLKATNGSGQATSTAELLVKAETAPPNFVQRLQSMTVRQGSQVRLQVRVTGIPTPVVKFYRDGAEIQSSLDFQISQEGDLYSLLIAEAYPEDSGTYSVNATNSVGRATSTAELLVQGEEEVPAKKTKTIVSTAQISESRQTRIEKKIEAHFDAR Protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family Key component in the assembly and functioning of vertebrate striated muscles. By providing connections at the level of individual microfilaments, it contributes to the fine balance of forces between the two halves of the sarcomere. The size and extensibility of the cross-links are the main determinants of sarcomere extensibility properties of muscle. In non-muscle cells, seems to play a role in chromosome condensation and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Might link the lamina network to chromatin or nuclear actin, or both during interphase. M6ATAR00514 TNF alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) TNF alpha-induced protein 3; OTU domain-containing protein 7C; Putative DNA-binding protein A20; Zinc finger protein A20 TNAP3_HUMAN hsa:7128 HGNC:11896 . ENSG00000118503 7128 TNFAIP3 Protein coding 6q23.3 MAEQVLPQALYLSNMRKAVKIRERTPEDIFKPTNGIIHHFKTMHRYTLEMFRTCQFCPQFREIIHKALIDRNIQATLESQKKLNWCREVRKLVALKTNGDGNCLMHATSQYMWGVQDTDLVLRKALFSTLKETDTRNFKFRWQLESLKSQEFVETGLCYDTRNWNDEWDNLIKMASTDTPMARSGLQYNSLEEIHIFVLCNILRRPIIVISDKMLRSLESGSNFAPLKVGGIYLPLHWPAQECYRYPIVLGYDSHHFVPLVTLKDSGPEIRAVPLVNRDRGRFEDLKVHFLTDPENEMKEKLLKEYLMVIEIPVQGWDHGTTHLINAAKLDEANLPKEINLVDDYFELVQHEYKKWQENSEQGRREGHAQNPMEPSVPQLSLMDVKCETPNCPFFMSVNTQPLCHECSERRQKNQNKLPKLNSKPGPEGLPGMALGASRGEAYEPLAWNPEESTGGPHSAPPTAPSPFLFSETTAMKCRSPGCPFTLNVQHNGFCERCHNARQLHASHAPDHTRHLDPGKCQACLQDVTRTFNGICSTCFKRTTAEASSSLSTSLPPSCHQRSKSDPSRLVRSPSPHSCHRAGNDAPAGCLSQAARTPGDRTGTSKCRKAGCVYFGTPENKGFCTLCFIEYRENKHFAAASGKVSPTASRFQNTIPCLGRECGTLGSTMFEGYCQKCFIEAQNQRFHEAKRTEEQLRSSQRRDVPRTTQSTSRPKCARASCKNILACRSEELCMECQHPNQRMGPGAHRGEPAPEDPPKQRCRAPACDHFGNAKCNGYCNECFQFKQMYG Peptidase C64 family Ubiquitin-editing enzyme that contains both ubiquitin ligase and deubiquitinase activities. Involved in immune and inflammatory responses signaled by cytokines, such as TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, or pathogens via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) through terminating NF-kappa-B activity. Essential component of a ubiquitin-editing protein complex, comprising also RNF11, ITCH and TAX1BP1, that ensures the transient nature of inflammatory signaling pathways. In cooperation with TAX1BP1 promotes disassembly of E2-E3 ubiquitin protein ligase complexes in IL-1R and TNFR-1 pathways; affected are at least E3 ligases TRAF6, TRAF2 and BIRC2, and E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UBE2N and UBE2D3. In cooperation with TAX1BP1 promotes ubiquitination of UBE2N and proteasomal degradation of UBE2N and UBE2D3. Upon TNF stimulation, deubiquitinates 'Lys-63'-polyubiquitin chains on RIPK1 and catalyzes the formation of 'Lys-48'-polyubiquitin chains. This leads to RIPK1 proteasomal degradation and consequently termination of the TNF- or LPS-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B. Deubiquitinates TRAF6 probably acting on 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin. Upon T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell activation, deubiquitinates 'Lys-63'-polyubiquitin chains on MALT1 thereby mediating disassociation of the CBM (CARD11:BCL10:MALT1) and IKK complexes and preventing sustained IKK activation. Deubiquitinates NEMO/IKBKG; the function is facilitated by TNIP1 and leads to inhibition of NF-kappa-B activation. Upon stimulation by bacterial peptidoglycans, probably deubiquitinates RIPK2. Can also inhibit I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) through a non-catalytic mechanism which involves polyubiquitin; polyubiquitin promotes association with IKBKG and prevents IKK MAP3K7-mediated phosphorylation. Targets TRAF2 for lysosomal degradation. In vitro able to deubiquitinate 'Lys-11'-, 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63' polyubiquitin chains. Inhibitor of programmed cell death. Has a role in the function of the lymphoid system. Required for LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFN beta in LPS-tolerized macrophages. M6ATAR00435 TNF receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) Epstein-Barr virus-induced protein 6; EBI6 TRAF1_HUMAN hsa:7185 HGNC:12031 . ENSG00000056558 7185 TRAF1 Protein coding 9q33.2 MASSSGSSPRPAPDENEFPFGCPPTVCQDPKEPRALCCAGCLSENPRNGEDQICPKCRGEDLQSISPGSRLRTQEKAHPEVAEAGIGCPFAGVGCSFKGSPQSVQEHEVTSQTSHLNLLLGFMKQWKARLGCGLESGPMALEQNLSDLQLQAAVEVAGDLEVDCYRAPCSESQEELALQHFMKEKLLAELEGKLRVFENIVAVLNKEVEASHLALATSIHQSQLDRERILSLEQRVVELQQTLAQKDQALGKLEQSLRLMEEASFDGTFLWKITNVTRRCHESACGRTVSLFSPAFYTAKYGYKLCLRLYLNGDGTGKRTHLSLFIVIMRGEYDALLPWPFRNKVTFMLLDQNNREHAIDAFRPDLSSASFQRPQSETNVASGCPLFFPLSKLQSPKHAYVKDDTMFLKCIVETST . Adapter molecule that regulates the activation of NF-kappa-B and JNK. Plays a role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. The heterotrimer formed by TRAF1 and TRAF2 is part of a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that promotes ubiquitination of target proteins, such as MAP3K14. The TRAF1/TRAF2 complex recruits the antiapoptotic E3 protein-ubiquitin ligases BIRC2 and BIRC3 to TNFRSF1B/TNFR2. M6ATAR00674 TNF receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) Cysteine-rich domain associated with RING and Traf domains protein 1; Metastatic lymph node gene 62 protein; MLN 62; RING finger protein 83 TRAF4_HUMAN hsa:9618 HGNC:12034 . ENSG00000076604 9618 TRAF4 Protein coding 17q11.2 MPGFDYKFLEKPKRRLLCPLCGKPMREPVQVSTCGHRFCDTCLQEFLSEGVFKCPEDQLPLDYAKIYPDPELEVQVLGLPIRCIHSEEGCRWSGPLRHLQGHLNTCSFNVIPCPNRCPMKLSRRDLPAHLQHDCPKRRLKCEFCGCDFSGEAYESHEGMCPQESVYCENKCGARMMRRLLAQHATSECPKRTQPCTYCTKEFVFDTIQSHQYQCPRLPVACPNQCGVGTVAREDLPGHLKDSCNTALVLCPFKDSGCKHRCPKLAMARHVEESVKPHLAMMCALVSRQRQELQELRRELEELSVGSDGVLIWKIGSYGRRLQEAKAKPNLECFSPAFYTHKYGYKLQVSAFLNGNGSGEGTHLSLYIRVLPGAFDNLLEWPFARRVTFSLLDQSDPGLAKPQHVTETFHPDPNWKNFQKPGTWRGSLDESSLGFGYPKFISHQDIRKRNYVRDDAVFIRAAVELPRKILS TNF receptor-associated factor family, B subfamily Adapter protein with E3 ligase activity that is involved in many diverse biological processes including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, DNA repair, platelet activation or apoptosis. Promotes EGFR-mediated signaling by facilitating the dimerization of EGFR and downstream AKT activation thereby promoting cell proliferation. Ubiquitinates SMURF2 through 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chain leading to SMURF2 degradation through the proteasome and subsequently osteogenic differentiation. Promotes 'Lys-63'-mediated ubiquitination of CHK1 which in turn activates cell cycle arrest and activation of DNA repair. In addition, promotes an atypical 'Lys-29'-linked ubiquitination at the C-terminal end of IRS1 which is crucial for insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signal transduction. Regulates activation of NF-kappa-B in response to signaling through Toll-like receptors. Required for normal skeleton development, and for normal development of the respiratory tract (By similarity). Required for activation of RPS6KB1 in response to TNF signaling. Modulates TRAF6 functions. Inhibits adipogenic differentiation by activating pyruvate kinase PKM activity and subsequently the beta-catenin signaling pathway. M6ATAR00671 TNF receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) RING finger protein 84 TRAF5_HUMAN hsa:7188 HGNC:12035 . ENSG00000082512 7188 TRAF5 Protein coding 1q32.3 MAYSEEHKGMPCGFIRQNSGNSISLDFEPSIEYQFVERLEERYKCAFCHSVLHNPHQTGCGHRFCQHCILSLRELNTVPICPVDKEVIKSQEVFKDNCCKREVLNLYVYCSNAPGCNAKVILGRYQDHLQQCLFQPVQCSNEKCREPVLRKDLKEHLSASCQFRKEKCLYCKKDVVVINLQNHEENLCPEYPVFCPNNCAKIILKTEVDEHLAVCPEAEQDCPFKHYGCAVTDKRRNLQQHEHSALREHMRLVLEKNVQLEEQISDLHKSLEQKESKIQQLAETIKKLEKEFKQFAQLFGKNGSFLPNIQVFASHIDKSAWLEAQVHQLLQMVNQQQNKFDLRPLMEAVDTVKQKITLLENNDQRLAVLEEETNKHDTHINIHKAQLSKNEERFKLLEGTCYNGKLIWKVTDYKMKKREAVDGHTVSIFSQSFYTSRCGYRLCARAYLNGDGSGRGSHLSLYFVVMRGEFDSLLQWPFRQRVTLMLLDQSGKKNIMETFKPDPNSSSFKRPDGEMNIASGCPRFVAHSVLENAKNAYIKDDTLFLKVAVDLTDLEDL TNF receptor-associated factor family, A subfamily Adapter protein and signal transducer that links members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family to different signaling pathways by association with the receptor cytoplasmic domain and kinases. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B and probably JNK. Seems to be involved in apoptosis. Plays a role in mediating activation of NF-kappa-B by EIF2AK2/PKR. M6ATAR00596 TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRAF6; Interleukin-1 signal transducer; RING finger protein 85; RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase TRAF6 TRAF6_HUMAN hsa:7189 HGNC:12036 . ENSG00000175104 7189 TRAF6 Protein coding 11p12 MSLLNCENSCGSSQSESDCCVAMASSCSAVTKDDSVGGTASTGNLSSSFMEEIQGYDVEFDPPLESKYECPICLMALREAVQTPCGHRFCKACIIKSIRDAGHKCPVDNEILLENQLFPDNFAKREILSLMVKCPNEGCLHKMELRHLEDHQAHCEFALMDCPQCQRPFQKFHINIHILKDCPRRQVSCDNCAASMAFEDKEIHDQNCPLANVICEYCNTILIREQMPNHYDLDCPTAPIPCTFSTFGCHEKMQRNHLARHLQENTQSHMRMLAQAVHSLSVIPDSGYISEVRNFQETIHQLEGRLVRQDHQIRELTAKMETQSMYVSELKRTIRTLEDKVAEIEAQQCNGIYIWKIGNFGMHLKCQEEEKPVVIHSPGFYTGKPGYKLCMRLHLQLPTAQRCANYISLFVHTMQGEYDSHLPWPFQGTIRLTILDQSEAPVRQNHEEIMDAKPELLAFQRPTIPRNPKGFGYVTFMHLEALRQRTFIKDDTLLVRCEVSTRFDMGSLRREGFQPRSTDAGV TNF receptor-associated factor family, A subfamily E3 ubiquitin ligase that, together with UBE2N and UBE2V1, mediates the synthesis of 'Lys-63'-linked-polyubiquitin chains conjugated to proteins, such as IKBKG, IRAK1, AKT1 and AKT2. Also mediates ubiquitination of free/unanchored polyubiquitin chain that leads to MAP3K7 activation. Leads to the activation of NF-kappa-B and JUN. Seems to also play a role in dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and/or activation (By similarity). Represses c-Myb-mediated transactivation, in B-lymphocytes. Adapter protein that seems to play a role in signal transduction initiated via TNF receptor, IL-1 receptor and IL-17 receptor. Regulates osteoclast differentiation by mediating the activation of adapter protein complex 1 (AP-1) and NF-kappa-B, in response to RANK-L stimulation (By similarity). Together with MAP3K8, mediates CD40 signals that activate ERK in B-cells and macrophages, and thus may play a role in the regulation of immunoglobulin production (By similarity). M6ATAR00007 Tnfrsf2 . . . . . . . Tnfrsf2 Protein coding . . . . M6ATAR00265 Trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor GATA-3 (GATA3) GATA-binding factor 3 GATA3_HUMAN hsa:2625 HGNC:4172 . ENSG00000107485 2625 GATA3 Protein coding 10p14 MEVTADQPRWVSHHHPAVLNGQHPDTHHPGLSHSYMDAAQYPLPEEVDVLFNIDGQGNHVPPYYGNSVRATVQRYPPTHHGSQVCRPPLLHGSLPWLDGGKALGSHHTASPWNLSPFSKTSIHHGSPGPLSVYPPASSSSLSGGHASPHLFTFPPTPPKDVSPDPSLSTPGSAGSARQDEKECLKYQVPLPDSMKLESSHSRGSMTALGGASSSTHHPITTYPPYVPEYSSGLFPPSSLLGGSPTGFGCKSRPKARSSTGRECVNCGATSTPLWRRDGTGHYLCNACGLYHKMNGQNRPLIKPKRRLSAARRAGTSCANCQTTTTTLWRRNANGDPVCNACGLYYKLHNINRPLTMKKEGIQTRNRKMSSKSKKCKKVHDSLEDFPKNSSFNPAALSRHMSSLSHISPFSHSSHMLTTPTPMHPPSSLSFGPHHPSSMVTAMG . Transcriptional activator which binds to the enhancer of the T-cell receptor alpha and delta genes. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-AGATAG-3'. Required for the T-helper 2 (Th2) differentiation process following immune and inflammatory responses. Positively regulates ASB2 expression (By similarity). M6ATAR00607 Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) HMG box transcription factor 4; T-cell-specific transcription factor 4; T-cell factor 4; TCF-4; hTCF-4 TF7L2_HUMAN hsa:6934 HGNC:11641 . ENSG00000148737 6934 TCF7L2 Protein coding 10q25.2-q25.3 MPQLNGGGGDDLGANDELISFKDEGEQEEKSSENSSAERDLADVKSSLVNESETNQNSSSDSEAERRPPPRSESFRDKSRESLEEAAKRQDGGLFKGPPYPGYPFIMIPDLTSPYLPNGSLSPTARTLHFQSGSTHYSAYKTIEHQIAVQYLQMKWPLLDVQAGSLQSRQALKDARSPSPAHIVSNKVPVVQHPHHVHPLTPLITYSNEHFTPGNPPPHLPADVDPKTGIPRPPHPPDISPYYPLSPGTVGQIPHPLGWLVPQQGQPVYPITTGGFRHPYPTALTVNASMSRFPPHMVPPHHTLHTTGIPHPAIVTPTVKQESSQSDVGSLHSSKHQDSKKEEEKKKPHIKKPLNAFMLYMKEMRAKVVAECTLKESAAINQILGRRWHALSREEQAKYYELARKERQLHMQLYPGWSARDNYGKKKKRKRDKQPGETNEHSECFLNPCLSLPPITDLSAPKKCRARFGLDQQNNWCGPCRRKKKCVRYIQGEGSCLSPPSSDGSLLDSPPPSPNLLGSPPRDAKSQTEQTQPLSLSLKPDPLAHLSMMPPPPALLLAEATHKASALCPNGALDLPPAALQPAAPSSSIAQPSTSSLHSHSSLAGTQPQPLSLVTKSLE TCF/LEF family Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway and modulates MYC expression by binding to its promoter in a sequence-specific manner. Acts as repressor in the absence of CTNNB1, and as activator in its presence. Activates transcription from promoters with several copies of the Tcf motif 5'-CCTTTGATC-3' in the presence of CTNNB1. TLE1, TLE2, TLE3 and TLE4 repress transactivation mediated by TCF7L2/TCF4 and CTNNB1. Expression of dominant-negative mutants results in cell-cycle arrest in G1. Necessary for the maintenance of the epithelial stem-cell compartment of the small intestine. M6ATAR00180 Transcription factor AP-2 gamma (TFAP2C) AP2-gamma; Activating enhancer-binding protein 2 gamma; Transcription factor ERF-1 AP2C_HUMAN hsa:7022 HGNC:11744 . ENSG00000087510 7022 TFAP2C Protein coding 20q13.31 MLWKITDNVKYEEDCEDRHDGSSNGNPRVPHLSSAGQHLYSPAPPLSHTGVAEYQPPPYFPPPYQQLAYSQSADPYSHLGEAYAAAINPLHQPAPTGSQQQAWPGRQSQEGAGLPSHHGRPAGLLPHLSGLEAGAVSARRDAYRRSDLLLPHAHALDAAGLAENLGLHDMPHQMDEVQNVDDQHLLLHDQTVIRKGPISMTKNPLNLPCQKELVGAVMNPTEVFCSVPGRLSLLSSTSKYKVTVAEVQRRLSPPECLNASLLGGVLRRAKSKNGGRSLREKLDKIGLNLPAGRRKAAHVTLLTSLVEGEAVHLARDFAYVCEAEFPSKPVAEYLTRPHLGGRNEMAARKNMLLAAQQLCKEFTELLSQDRTPHGTSRLAPVLETNIQNCLSHFSLITHGFGSQAICAAVSALQNYIKEALIVIDKSYMNPGDQSPADSNKTLEKMEKHRK AP-2 family Sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to regulate transcription of selected genes. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM/MUC18, C/EBP alpha and MYC. Involved in the MTA1-mediated epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer. M6ATAR00179 Transcription factor AP-2-alpha (TFAP2A) AP2-alpha; AP-2 transcription factor; Activating enhancer-binding protein 2-alpha; Activator protein 2; AP-2; AP2TF; TFAP2 AP2A_HUMAN hsa:7020 HGNC:11742 . ENSG00000137203 7020 TFAP2A Protein coding 6p24.3 MLWKLTDNIKYEDCEDRHDGTSNGTARLPQLGTVGQSPYTSAPPLSHTPNADFQPPYFPPPYQPIYPQSQDPYSHVNDPYSLNPLHAQPQPQHPGWPGQRQSQESGLLHTHRGLPHQLSGLDPRRDYRRHEDLLHGPHALSSGLGDLSIHSLPHAIEEVPHVEDPGINIPDQTVIKKGPVSLSKSNSNAVSAIPINKDNLFGGVVNPNEVFCSVPGRLSLLSSTSKYKVTVAEVQRRLSPPECLNASLLGGVLRRAKSKNGGRSLREKLDKIGLNLPAGRRKAANVTLLTSLVEGEAVHLARDFGYVCETEFPAKAVAEFLNRQHSDPNEQVTRKNMLLATKQICKEFTDLLAQDRSPLGNSRPNPILEPGIQSCLTHFNLISHGFGSPAVCAAVTALQNYLTEALKAMDKMYLSNNPNSHTDNNAKSSDKEEKHRK AP-2 family Sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to regulate transcription of selected genes. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM/MUC18, C/EBP alpha and MYC. AP-2-alpha is the only AP-2 protein required for early morphogenesis of the lens vesicle. Together with the CITED2 coactivator, stimulates the PITX2 P1 promoter transcription activation. Associates with chromatin to the PITX2 P1 promoter region. M6ATAR00234 Transcription factor E2F1 (E2F1) E2F-1; PBR3; Retinoblastoma-associated protein 1; RBAP-1; Retinoblastoma-binding protein 3; RBBP-3; pRB-binding protein E2F-1; RBBP3 E2F1_HUMAN hsa:1869 HGNC:3113 . ENSG00000101412 1869 E2F1 Protein coding 20q11.22 MALAGAPAGGPCAPALEALLGAGALRLLDSSQIVIISAAQDASAPPAPTGPAAPAAGPCDPDLLLFATPQAPRPTPSAPRPALGRPPVKRRLDLETDHQYLAESSGPARGRGRHPGKGVKSPGEKSRYETSLNLTTKRFLELLSHSADGVVDLNWAAEVLKVQKRRIYDITNVLEGIQLIAKKSKNHIQWLGSHTTVGVGGRLEGLTQDLRQLQESEQQLDHLMNICTTQLRLLSEDTDSQRLAYVTCQDLRSIADPAEQMVMVIKAPPETQLQAVDSSENFQISLKSKQGPIDVFLCPEETVGGISPGKTPSQEVTSEEENRATDSATIVSPPPSSPPSSLTTDPSQSLLSLEQEPLLSRMGSLRAPVDEDRLSPLVAADSLLEHVREDFSGLLPEEFISLSPPHEALDYHFGLEEGEGIRDLFDCDFGDLTPLDF E2F/DP family Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The DRTF1/E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. E2F1 binds preferentially RB1 in a cell-cycle dependent manner. It can mediate both cell proliferation and TP53/p53-dependent apoptosis. Blocks adipocyte differentiation by binding to specific promoters repressing CEBPA binding to its target gene promoters. Directly activates transcription of PEG10. Positively regulates transcription of RRP1B. M6ATAR00235 Transcription factor E2F3 (E2F3) E2F-3; KIAA0075 E2F3_HUMAN hsa:1871 HGNC:3115 . ENSG00000112242 1871 E2F3 Protein coding 6p22.3 MRKGIQPALEQYLVTAGGGEGAAVVAAAAAASMDKRALLASPGFAAAAAAAAAPGAYIQILTTNTSTTSCSSSLQSGAVAAGPLLPSAPGAEQTAGSLLYTTPHGPSSRAGLLQQPPALGRGGSGGGGGPPAKRRLELGESGHQYLSDGLKTPKGKGRAALRSPDSPKTPKSPSEKTRYDTSLGLLTKKFIQLLSQSPDGVLDLNKAAEVLKVQKRRIYDITNVLEGIHLIKKKSKNNVQWMGCSLSEDGGMLAQCQGLSKEVTELSQEEKKLDELIQSCTLDLKLLTEDSENQRLAYVTYQDIRKISGLKDQTVIVVKAPPETRLEVPDSIESLQIHLASTQGPIEVYLCPEETETHSPMKTNNQDHNGNIPKPASKDLASTNSGHSDCSVSMGNLSPLASPANLLQQTEDQIPSNLEGPFVNLLPPLLQEDYLLSLGEEEGISDLFDAYDLEKLPLVEDFMCS E2F/DP family Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The DRTF1/E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. E2F3 binds specifically to RB1 in a cell-cycle dependent manner. Inhibits adipogenesis, probably through the repression of CEBPA binding to its target gene promoters (By similarity). M6ATAR00560 Transcription factor E2F8 (E2F8) E2F-8 E2F8_HUMAN hsa:79733 HGNC:24727 . ENSG00000129173 79733 E2F8 Protein coding 11p15.1 MENEKENLFCEPHKRGLMKTPLKESTTANIVLAEIQPDFGPLTTPTKPKEGSQGEPWTPTANLKMLISAVSPEIRNRDQKRGLFDNRSGLPEAKDCIHEHLSGDEFEKSQPSRKEKSLGLLCHKFLARYPNYPNPAVNNDICLDEVAEELNVERRRIYDIVNVLESLHMVSRLAKNRYTWHGRHNLNKTLGTLKSIGEENKYAEQIMMIKKKEYEQEFDFIKSYSIEDHIIKSNTGPNGHPDMCFVELPGVEFRAASVNSRKDKSLRVMSQKFVMLFLVSTPQIVSLEVAAKILIGEDHVEDLDKSKFKTKIRRLYDIANVLSSLDLIKKVHVTEERGRKPAFKWTGPEISPNTSGSSPVIHFTPSDLEVRRSSKENCAKNLFSTRGKPNFTRHPSLIKLVKSIESDRRKINSAPSSPIKTNKAESSQNSAPFPSKMAQLAAICKMQLEEQSSESRQKVKVQLARSGPCKPVAPLDPPVNAEMELTAPSLIQPLGMVPLIPSPLSSAVPLILPQAPSGPSYAIYLQPTQAHQSVTPPQGLSPTVCTTHSSKATGSKDSTDATTEKAANDTSKASASTRPGSLLPAPERQGAKSRTREPAGERGSKRASMLEDSGSKKKFKEDLKGLENVSATLFPSGYLIPLTQCSSLGAESILSGKENSSALSPNHRIYSSPIAGVIPVTSSELTAVNFPSFHVTPLKLMVSPTSVAAVPVGNSPALASSHPVPIQNPSSAIVNFTLQHLGLISPNVQLSASPGSGIVPVSPRIESVNVAPENAGTQQGRATNYDSPVPGQSQPNGQSVAVTGAQQPVPVTPKGSQLVAESFFRTPGGPTKPTSSSCMDFEGANKTSLGTLFVPQRKLEVSTEDVH E2F/DP family Atypical E2F transcription factor that participates in various processes such as angiogenesis and polyploidization of specialized cells. Mainly acts as a transcription repressor that binds DNA independently of DP proteins and specifically recognizes the E2 recognition site 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3'. Directly represses transcription of classical E2F transcription factors such as E2F1: component of a feedback loop in S phase by repressing the expression of E2F1, thereby preventing p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis. Plays a key role in polyploidization of cells in placenta and liver by regulating the endocycle, probably by repressing genes promoting cytokinesis and antagonizing action of classical E2F proteins (E2F1, E2F2 and/or E2F3). Required for placental development by promoting polyploidization of trophoblast giant cells. Acts as a promoter of sprouting angiogenesis, possibly by acting as a transcription activator: associates with HIF1A, recognizes and binds the VEGFA promoter, which is different from canonical E2 recognition site, and activates expression of the VEGFA gene. M6ATAR00657 Transcription factor E4F1 (E4F1) E4F transcription factor 1; Putative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase E4F1; RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase E4F1; Transcription factor E4F; p120E4F; p50E4F E4F1_HUMAN hsa:1877 HGNC:3121 . ENSG00000167967 1877 E4F1 Protein coding 16p13.3 MEGAMAVRVTAAHTAEAQAEAGREAGEGAVAAVAAALAPSGFLGLPAPFSEEDEDDVHRCGRCQAEFTALEDFVQHKIQKACQRAPPEALPATPATTALLGQEVVPAAPGPEEPITVAHIVVEAASLAADISHASDLVGGGHIKEVIVAAEAELGDGEMAEAPGSPRQQGLGLAGEGEQAQVKLLVNKDGRYVCALCHKTFKTGSILKAHMVTHSSRKDHECKLCGASFRTKGSLIRHHRRHTDERPYKCSKCGKSFRESGALTRHLKSLTPCTEKIRFSVSKDVVVSKEDARAGSGAGAAGLGTATSSVTGEPIETSPVIHLVTDAKGTVIHEVHVQMQELSLGMKALAPEPPVSQELPCSSEGSRENLLHQAMQNSGIVLERAAGEEGALEPAPAAGSSPQPLAVAAPQLPVLEVQPLETQVASEASAVPRTHPCPQCSETFPTAATLEAHKRGHTGPRPFACAQCGKAFPKAYLLKKHQEVHVRERRFRCGDCGKLYKTIAHVRGHRRVHSDERPYPCPKCGKRYKTKNAQQVHFRTHLEEKPHVCQFCSRGFREKGSLVRHVRHHTGEKPFKCYKCGRGFAEHGTLNRHLRTKGGCLLEVEELLVSEDSPAAATTVLTEDPHTVLVEFSSVVADTQEYIIEATADDAETSEATEIIEGTQTEVDSHIMKVVQQIVHQASAGHQIIVQNVTMDEETALGPEAAAADTITIATPESLTEQVAMTLASAISEGTVLAARAGTSGTEQATVTMVSSEDIEILEHAGELVIASPEGQLEVQTVIV . May function as a transcriptional repressor. May also function as a ubiquitin ligase mediating ubiquitination of chromatin-associated TP53. Functions in cell survival and proliferation through control of the cell cycle. Functions in the p53 and pRB tumor suppressor pathways and regulates the cyclin CCNA2 transcription; Identified as a cellular target of the adenoviral oncoprotein E1A, it is required for both transcriptional activation and repression of viral genes. M6ATAR00426 Transcription factor EB (TFEB) Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 35; bHLHe35; BHLHE35 TFEB_HUMAN hsa:7942 HGNC:11753 . ENSG00000112561 7942 TFEB Protein coding 6p21.1 MASRIGLRMQLMREQAQQEEQRERMQQQAVMHYMQQQQQQQQQQLGGPPTPAINTPVHFQSPPPVPGEVLKVQSYLENPTSYHLQQSQHQKVREYLSETYGNKFAAHISPAQGSPKPPPAASPGVRAGHVLSSSAGNSAPNSPMAMLHIGSNPERELDDVIDNIMRLDDVLGYINPEMQMPNTLPLSSSHLNVYSSDPQVTASLVGVTSSSCPADLTQKRELTDAESRALAKERQKKDNHNLIERRRRFNINDRIKELGMLIPKANDLDVRWNKGTILKASVDYIRRMQKDLQKSRELENHSRRLEMTNKQLWLRIQELEMQARVHGLPTTSPSGMNMAELAQQVVKQELPSEEGPGEALMLGAEVPDPEPLPALPPQAPLPLPTQPPSPFHHLDFSHSLSFGGREDEGPPGYPEPLAPGHGSPFPSLSKKDLDLMLLDDSLLPLASDPLLSTMSPEASKASSRRSSFSMEEGDVL MiT/TFE family Transcription factor that acts as a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis, autophagy, lysosomal exocytosis, lipid catabolism, energy metabolism and immune response. Specifically recognizes and binds E-box sequences (5'-CANNTG-3'); efficient DNA-binding requires dimerization with itself or with another MiT/TFE family member such as TFE3 or MITF. Involved in the cellular response to amino acid availability by acting downstream of MTOR: in the presence of nutrients, TFEB phosphorylation by MTOR promotes its cytosolic retention and subsequent inactivation. Upon starvation or lysosomal stress, inhibition of MTOR induces TFEB dephosphorylation, resulting in nuclear localization and transcription factor activity. Specifically recognizes and binds the CLEAR-box sequence (5'-GTCACGTGAC-3') present in the regulatory region of many lysosomal genes, leading to activate their expression, thereby playing a central role in expression of lysosomal genes. Regulates lysosomal positioning in response to nutrient deprivation by promoting the expression of PIP4P1. Acts as a positive regulator of autophagy by promoting expression of genes involved in autophagy. In association with TFE3, activates the expression of CD40L in T-cells, thereby playing a role in T-cell-dependent antibody responses in activated CD4(+) T-cells and thymus-dependent humoral immunity (By similarity). Specifically recognizes the gamma-E3 box, a subset of E-boxes, present in the heavy-chain immunoglobulin enhancer. Plays a role in the signal transduction processes required for normal vascularization of the placenta (By similarity). Involved in the immune response to infection by the bacteria S.aureus or S.enterica, acting downstream of protein kinase D (PKD), probably by regulating cytokine and chemokine expression (By similarity). M6ATAR00272 Transcription factor HES-1 (HES1) Class B basic helix-loop-helix protein 39; bHLHb39; Hairy and enhancer of split 1; Hairy homolog; Hairy-like protein; hHL; BHLHB39; HL; HRY HES1_HUMAN hsa:3280 HGNC:5192 . ENSG00000114315 3280 HES1 Protein coding 3q29 MPADIMEKNSSSPVAATPASVNTTPDKPKTASEHRKSSKPIMEKRRRARINESLSQLKTLILDALKKDSSRHSKLEKADILEMTVKHLRNLQRAQMTAALSTDPSVLGKYRAGFSECMNEVTRFLSTCEGVNTEVRTRLLGHLANCMTQINAMTYPGQPHPALQAPPPPPPGPGGPQHAPFAPPPPLVPIPGGAAPPPGGAPCKLGSQAGEAAKVFGGFQVVPAPDGQFAFLIPNGAFAHSGPVIPVYTSNSGTSVGPNAVSPSSGPSLTADSMWRPWRN . Transcriptional repressor of genes that require a bHLH protein for their transcription. May act as a negative regulator of myogenesis by inhibiting the functions of MYOD1 and ASH1. Binds DNA on N-box motifs: 5'-CACNAG-3' with high affinity and on E-box motifs: 5'-CANNTG-3' with low affinity (By similarity). May play a role in a functional FA core complex response to DNA cross-link damage, being required for the stability and nuclear localization of FA core complex proteins, as well as for FANCD2 monoubiquitination in response to DNA damage. M6ATAR00273 Transcription factor HES-5 (HES5) Class B basic helix-loop-helix protein 38; bHLHb38; Hairy and enhancer of split 5; BHLHB38 HES5_HUMAN hsa:388585 HGNC:19764 . ENSG00000197921; ENSG00000273529 388585 HES5 Protein coding 1p36.32 MAPSTVAVELLSPKEKNRLRKPVVEKMRRDRINSSIEQLKLLLEQEFARHQPNSKLEKADILEMAVSYLKHSKAFVAAAGPKSLHQDYSEGYSWCLQEAVQFLTLHAASDTQMKLLYHFQRPPAAPAAPAKEPKAPGAAPPPALSAKATAAAAAAHQPACGLWRPW . Transcriptional repressor of genes that require a bHLH protein for their transcription. Plays an important role as neurogenesis negative regulator (By similarity). M6ATAR00505 Transcription factor HIVEP2 (HIVEP2) Human immunodeficiency virus type I enhancer-binding protein 2; HIV-EP2; MHC-binding protein 2; MBP-2 ZEP2_HUMAN hsa:3097 HGNC:4921 . ENSG00000010818 3097 HIVEP2 Protein coding 6q24.2 MDTGDTALGQKATSRSGETDKASGRWRQEQSAVIKMSTFGSHEGQRQPQIEPEQIGNTASAQLFGSGKLASPSEVVQQVAEKQYPPHRPSPYSCQHSLSFPQHSLPQGVMHSTKPHQSLEGPPWLFPGPLPSVASEDLFPFPIHGHSGGYPRKKISSLNPAYSQYSQKSIEQAEEAHKKEHKPKKPGKYICPYCSRACAKPSVLKKHIRSHTGERPYPCIPCGFSFKTKSNLYKHRKSHAHAIKAGLVPFTESAVSKLDLEAGFIDVEAEIHSDGEQSTDTDEESSLFAEASDKMSPGPPIPLDIASRGGYHGSLEESLGGPMKVPILIIPKSGIPLPNESSQYIGPDMLPNPSLNTKADDSHTVKQKLALRLSEKKGQDSEPSLNLLSPHSKGSTDSGYFSRSESAEQQISPPNTNAKSYEEIIFGKYCRLSPRNALSVTTTSQERAAMGRKGIMEPLPHVNTRLDVKMFEDPVSQLIPSKGDVDPSQTSMLKSTKFNSESRQPQIIPSSIRNEGKLYPANFQGSNPVLLEAPVDSSPLIRSNSVPTSSATNLTIPPSLRGSHSFDERMTGSDDVFYPGTVGIPPQRMLRRQAAFELPSVQEGHVEVEHHGRMLKGISSSSLKEKKLSPGDRVGYDYDVCRKPYKKWEDSETPKQNYRDISCLSSLKHGGEYFMDPVVPLQGVPSMFGTTCENRKRRKEKSVGDEEDTPMICSSIVSTPVGIMASDYDPKLQMQEGVRSGFAMAGHENLSHGHTERFDPCRPQLQPGSPSLVSEESPSAIDSDKMSDLGGRKPPGNVISVIQHTNSLSRPNSFERSESAELVACTQDKAPSPSETCDSEISEAPVSPEWAPPGDGAESGGKPSPSQQVQQQSYHTQPRLVRQHNIQVPEIRVTEEPDKPEKEKEAQSKEPEKPVEEFQWPQRSETLSQLPAEKLPPKKKRLRLADMEHSSGESSFESTGTGLSRSPSQESNLSHSSSFSMSFEREETSKLSALPKQDEFGKHSEFLTVPAGSYSLSVPGHHHQKEMRRCSSEQMPCPHPAEVPEVRSKSFDYGNLSHAPVSGAAASTVSPSRERKKCFLVRQASFSGSPEISQGEVGMDQSVKQEQLEHLHAGLRSGWHHGPPAVLPPLQQEDPGKQVAGPCPPLSSGPLHLAQPQIMHMDSQESLRNPLIQPTSYMTSKHLPEQPHLFPHQETIPFSPIQNALFQFQYPTVCMVHLPAQQPPWWQAHFPHPFAQHPQKSYGKPSFQTEIHSSYPLEHVAEHTGKKPAEYAHTKEQTYPCYSGASGLHPKNLLPKFPSDQSSKSTETPSEQVLQEDFASANAGSLQSLPGTVVPVRIQTHVPSYGSVMYTSISQILGQNSPAIVICKVDENMTQRTLVTNAAMQGIGFNIAQVLGQHAGLEKYPIWKAPQTLPLGLESSIPLCLPSTSDSVATLGGSKRMLSPASSLELFMETKQQKRVKEEKMYGQIVEELSAVELTNSDIKKDLSRPQKPQLVRQGCASEPKDGLQSGSSSFSSLSPSSSQDYPSVSPSSREPFLPSKEMLSGSRAPLPGQKSSGPSESKESSDELDIDETASDMSMSPQSSSLPAGDGQLEEEGKGHKRPVGMLVRMASAPSGNVADSTLLLTDMADFQQILQFPSLRTTTTVSWCFLNYTKPNYVQQATFKSSVYASWCISSCNPNPSGLNTKTTLALLRSKQKITAEIYTLAAMHRPGTGKLTSSSAWKQFTQMKPDASFLFGSKLERKLVGNILKERGKGDIHGDKDIGSKQTEPIRIKIFEGGYKSNEDYVYVRGRGRGKYICEECGIRCKKPSMLKKHIRTHTDVRPYVCKLCNFAFKTKGNLTKHMKSKAHMKKCLELGVSMTSVDDTETEEAENLEDLHKAAEKHSMSSISTDHQFSDAEESDGEDGDDNDDDDEDEDDFDDQGDLTPKTRSRSTSPQPPRFSSLPVNVGAVPHGVPSDSSLGHSSLISYLVTLPSIRVTQLMTPSDSCEDTQMTEYQRLFQSKSTDSEPDKDRLDIPSCMDEECMLPSEPSSSPRDFSPSSHHSSPGYDSSPCRDNSPKRYLIPKGDLSPRRHLSPRRDLSPMRHLSPRKEAALRREMSQRDVSPRRHLSPRRPVSPGKDITARRDLSPRRERRYMTTIRAPSPRRALYHNPPLSMGQYLQAEPIVLGPPNLRRGLPQVPYFSLYGDQEGAYEHPGSSLFPEGPNDYVFSHLPLHSQQQVRAPIPMVPVGGIQMVHSMPPALSSLHPSPTLPLPMEGFEEKKGASGESFSKDPYVLSKQHEKRGPHALQSSGPPSTPSSPRLLMKQSTSEDSLNATEREQEENIQTCTKAIASLRIATEEAALLGPDQPARVQEPHQNPLGSAHVSIRHFSRPEPGQPCTSATHPDLHDGEKDNFGTSQTPLAHSTFYSKSCVDDKQLDFHSSKELSSSTEESKDPSSEKSQLH . This protein specifically binds to the DNA sequence 5'-GGGACTTTCC-3' which is found in the enhancer elements of numerous viral promoters such as those of SV40, CMV, or HIV1. In addition, related sequences are found in the enhancer elements of a number of cellular promoters, including those of the class I MHC, interleukin-2 receptor, somatostatin receptor II, and interferon-beta genes. It may act in T-cell activation. M6ATAR00524 Transcription factor ISGF-3 components p91/p84 (Stat1) Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta STAT1_HUMAN hsa:6772 HGNC:11362 . ENSG00000115415 6772 Stat1 Protein coding 2q32.2 MSQWYELQQLDSKFLEQVHQLYDDSFPMEIRQYLAQWLEKQDWEHAANDVSFATIRFHDLLSQLDDQYSRFSLENNFLLQHNIRKSKRNLQDNFQEDPIQMSMIIYSCLKEERKILENAQRFNQAQSGNIQSTVMLDKQKELDSKVRNVKDKVMCIEHEIKSLEDLQDEYDFKCKTLQNREHETNGVAKSDQKQEQLLLKKMYLMLDNKRKEVVHKIIELLNVTELTQNALINDELVEWKRRQQSACIGGPPNACLDQLQNWFTIVAESLQQVRQQLKKLEELEQKYTYEHDPITKNKQVLWDRTFSLFQQLIQSSFVVERQPCMPTHPQRPLVLKTGVQFTVKLRLLVKLQELNYNLKVKVLFDKDVNERNTVKGFRKFNILGTHTKVMNMEESTNGSLAAEFRHLQLKEQKNAGTRTNEGPLIVTEELHSLSFETQLCQPGLVIDLETTSLPVVVISNVSQLPSGWASILWYNMLVAEPRNLSFFLTPPCARWAQLSEVLSWQFSSVTKRGLNVDQLNMLGEKLLGPNASPDGLIPWTRFCKENINDKNFPFWLWIESILELIKKHLLPLWNDGCIMGFISKERERALLKDQQPGTFLLRFSESSREGAITFTWVERSQNGGEPDFHAVEPYTKKELSAVTFPDIIRNYKVMAAENIPENPLKYLYPNIDKDHAFGKYYSRPKEAPEPMELDGPKGTGYIKTELISVSEVHPSRLQTTDNLLPMSPEEFDEVSRIVGSVEFDSMMNTV Transcription factor STAT family Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which drive the cell in an antiviral state. In response to type II IFN (IFN-gamma), STAT1 is tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated. It then forms a homodimer termed IFN-gamma-activated factor (GAF), migrates into the nucleus and binds to the IFN gamma activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of the target genes, inducing a cellular antiviral state. Becomes activated in response to KITLG/SCF and KIT signaling. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. M6ATAR00301 Transcription factor Jun (c-Jun/JUN) Activator protein 1; AP1; Proto-oncogene c-Jun; Transcription factor AP-1 subunit Jun; V-jun avian sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog; p39 JUN_HUMAN hsa:3725 HGNC:6204 . ENSG00000177606 3725 JUN Protein coding 1p32.1 MTAKMETTFYDDALNASFLPSESGPYGYSNPKILKQSMTLNLADPVGSLKPHLRAKNSDLLTSPDVGLLKLASPELERLIIQSSNGHITTTPTPTQFLCPKNVTDEQEGFAEGFVRALAELHSQNTLPSVTSAAQPVNGAGMVAPAVASVAGGSGSGGFSASLHSEPPVYANLSNFNPGALSSGGGAPSYGAAGLAFPAQPQQQQQPPHHLPQQMPVQHPRLQALKEEPQTVPEMPGETPPLSPIDMESQERIKAERKRMRNRIAASKCRKRKLERIARLEEKVKTLKAQNSELASTANMLREQVAQLKQKVMNHVNSGCQLMLTQQLQTF bZIP family; Jun subfamily Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the AP-1 consensus motif 5'-TGA[GC]TCA-3'. Heterodimerizes with proteins of the FOS family to form an AP-1 transcription complex, thereby enhancing its DNA binding activity to the AP-1 consensus sequence 5'-TGA[GC]TCA-3' and enhancing its transcriptional activity (By similarity). Together with FOSB, plays a role in activation-induced cell death of T cells by binding to the AP-1 promoter site of FASLG/CD95L, and inducing its transcription in response to activation of the TCR/CD3 signaling pathway. Promotes activity of NR5A1 when phosphorylated by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation. Involved in activated KRAS-mediated transcriptional activation of USP28 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Binds to the USP28 promoter in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells . M6ATAR00302 Transcription factor JunB (JUNB) Transcription factor AP-1 subunit JunB JUNB_HUMAN hsa:3726 HGNC:6205 . ENSG00000171223 3726 JUNB Protein coding 19p13.13 MCTKMEQPFYHDDSYTATGYGRAPGGLSLHDYKLLKPSLAVNLADPYRSLKAPGARGPGPEGGGGGSYFSGQGSDTGASLKLASSELERLIVPNSNGVITTTPTPPGQYFYPRGGGSGGGAGGAGGGVTEEQEGFADGFVKALDDLHKMNHVTPPNVSLGATGGPPAGPGGVYAGPEPPPVYTNLSSYSPASASSGGAGAAVGTGSSYPTTTISYLPHAPPFAGGHPAQLGLGRGASTFKEEPQTVPEARSRDATPPVSPINMEDQERIKVERKRLRNRLAATKCRKRKLERIARLEDKVKTLKAENAGLSSTAGLLREQVAQLKQKVMTHVSNGCQLLLGVKGHAF bZIP family; Jun subfamily Transcription factor involved in regulating gene activity following the primary growth factor response. Binds to the DNA sequence 5'-TGA[GC]TCA-3'. Heterodimerizes with proteins of the FOS family to form an AP-1 transcription complex, thereby enhancing its DNA binding activity to an AP-1 consensus sequence and its transcriptional activity (By similarity). M6ATAR00425 Transcription factor p65 (RELA) Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit; Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 3; NFKB3 TF65_HUMAN hsa:5970 HGNC:9955 . ENSG00000173039 5970 RELA Protein coding 11q13.1 MDELFPLIFPAEPAQASGPYVEIIEQPKQRGMRFRYKCEGRSAGSIPGERSTDTTKTHPTIKINGYTGPGTVRISLVTKDPPHRPHPHELVGKDCRDGFYEAELCPDRCIHSFQNLGIQCVKKRDLEQAISQRIQTNNNPFQVPIEEQRGDYDLNAVRLCFQVTVRDPSGRPLRLPPVLSHPIFDNRAPNTAELKICRVNRNSGSCLGGDEIFLLCDKVQKEDIEVYFTGPGWEARGSFSQADVHRQVAIVFRTPPYADPSLQAPVRVSMQLRRPSDRELSEPMEFQYLPDTDDRHRIEEKRKRTYETFKSIMKKSPFSGPTDPRPPPRRIAVPSRSSASVPKPAPQPYPFTSSLSTINYDEFPTMVFPSGQISQASALAPAPPQVLPQAPAPAPAPAMVSALAQAPAPVPVLAPGPPQAVAPPAPKPTQAGEGTLSEALLQLQFDDEDLGALLGNSTDPAVFTDLASVDNSEFQQLLNQGIPVAPHTTEPMLMEYPEAITRLVTGAQRPPDPAPAPLGAPGLPNGLLSGDEDFSSIADMDFSALLSQISS . NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. The heterodimeric RELA-NFKB1 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. The NF-kappa-B heterodimeric RELA-NFKB1 and RELA-REL complexes, for instance, function as transcriptional activators. NF-kappa-B is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NF-kappa-B complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NF-kappa-B inhibitor (I-kappa-B) family. In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. The inhibitory effect of I-kappa-B on NF-kappa-B through retention in the cytoplasm is exerted primarily through the interaction with RELA. RELA shows a weak DNA-binding site which could contribute directly to DNA binding in the NF-kappa-B complex. Beside its activity as a direct transcriptional activator, it is also able to modulate promoters accessibility to transcription factors and thereby indirectly regulate gene expression. Associates with chromatin at the NF-kappa-B promoter region via association with DDX1. Essential for cytokine gene expression in T-cells . The NF-kappa-B homodimeric RELA-RELA complex appears to be involved in invasin-mediated activation of IL-8 expression. Key transcription factor regulating the IFN response during SARS-CoV-2 infectio. M6ATAR00408 Transcription factor PU.1 (SPI1) 31 kDa-transforming protein SPI1_HUMAN hsa:6688 HGNC:11241 . ENSG00000066336 6688 SPI1 Protein coding 11p11.2 MLQACKMEGFPLVPPPSEDLVPYDTDLYQRQTHEYYPYLSSDGESHSDHYWDFHPHHVHSEFESFAENNFTELQSVQPPQLQQLYRHMELEQMHVLDTPMVPPHPSLGHQVSYLPRMCLQYPSLSPAQPSSDEEEGERQSPPLEVSDGEADGLEPGPGLLPGETGSKKKIRLYQFLLDLLRSGDMKDSIWWVDKDKGTFQFSSKHKEALAHRWGIQKGNRKKMTYQKMARALRNYGKTGEVKKVKKKLTYQFSGEVLGRGGLAERRHPPH ETS family Binds to the PU-box, a purine-rich DNA sequence (5'-GAGGAA-3') that can act as a lymphoid-specific enhancer. This protein is a transcriptional activator that may be specifically involved in the differentiation or activation of macrophages or B-cells. Also binds RNA and may modulate pre-mRNA splicing (By similarity). M6ATAR00403 Transcription factor SOX-10 (SOX10) . SOX10_HUMAN hsa:6663 HGNC:11190 . ENSG00000100146 6663 SOX10 Protein coding 22q13.1 MAEEQDLSEVELSPVGSEEPRCLSPGSAPSLGPDGGGGGSGLRASPGPGELGKVKKEQQDGEADDDKFPVCIREAVSQVLSGYDWTLVPMPVRVNGASKSKPHVKRPMNAFMVWAQAARRKLADQYPHLHNAELSKTLGKLWRLLNESDKRPFIEEAERLRMQHKKDHPDYKYQPRRRKNGKAAQGEAECPGGEAEQGGTAAIQAHYKSAHLDHRHPGEGSPMSDGNPEHPSGQSHGPPTPPTTPKTELQSGKADPKRDGRSMGEGGKPHIDFGNVDIGEISHEVMSNMETFDVAELDQYLPPNGHPGHVSSYSAAGYGLGSALAVASGHSAWISKPPGVALPTVSPPGVDAKAQVKTETAGPQGPPHYTDQPSTSQIAYTSLSLPHYGSAFPSISRPQFDYSDHQPSGPYYGHSGQASGLYSAFSYMGPSQRPLYTAISDPSPSGPQSHSPTHWEQPVYTTLSRP . Transcription factor that plays a central role in developing and mature glia (By similarity). Specifically activates expression of myelin genes, during oligodendrocyte (OL) maturation, such as DUSP15 and MYRF, thereby playing a central role in oligodendrocyte maturation and CNS myelination (By similarity). Once induced, MYRF cooperates with SOX10 to implement the myelination program (By similarity). Transcriptional activator of MITF, acting synergistically with PAX. Transcriptional activator of MBP, via binding to the gene promoter (By similarity). M6ATAR00404 Transcription factor SOX-2 (SOX2) . SOX2_HUMAN hsa:6657 HGNC:11195 . ENSG00000181449 6657 SOX2 Protein coding 3q26.33 MYNMMETELKPPGPQQTSGGGGGNSTAAAAGGNQKNSPDRVKRPMNAFMVWSRGQRRKMAQENPKMHNSEISKRLGAEWKLLSETEKRPFIDEAKRLRALHMKEHPDYKYRPRRKTKTLMKKDKYTLPGGLLAPGGNSMASGVGVGAGLGAGVNQRMDSYAHMNGWSNGSYSMMQDQLGYPQHPGLNAHGAAQMQPMHRYDVSALQYNSMTSSQTYMNGSPTYSMSYSQQGTPGMALGSMGSVVKSEASSSPPVVTSSSHSRAPCQAGDLRDMISMYLPGAEVPEPAAPSRLHMSQHYQSGPVPGTAINGTLPLSHM . Transcription factor that forms a trimeric complex with OCT4 on DNA and controls the expression of a number of genes involved in embryonic development such as YES1, FGF4, UTF1 and ZFP206 (By similarity). Binds to the proximal enhancer region of NANOG (By similarity). Critical for early embryogenesis and for embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Downstream SRRT target that mediates the promotion of neural stem cell self-renewal (By similarity). Keeps neural cells undifferentiated by counteracting the activity of proneural proteins and suppresses neuronal differentiation (By similarity). May function as a switch in neuronal development (By similarity). M6ATAR00405 Transcription factor SOX-4 (SOX4) . SOX4_HUMAN hsa:6659 HGNC:11200 . ENSG00000124766 6659 SOX4 Protein coding 6p22.3 MVQQTNNAENTEALLAGESSDSGAGLELGIASSPTPGSTASTGGKADDPSWCKTPSGHIKRPMNAFMVWSQIERRKIMEQSPDMHNAEISKRLGKRWKLLKDSDKIPFIREAERLRLKHMADYPDYKYRPRKKVKSGNANSSSSAAASSKPGEKGDKVGGSGGGGHGGGGGGGSSNAGGGGGGASGGGANSKPAQKKSCGSKVAGGAGGGVSKPHAKLILAGGGGGGKAAAAAAASFAAEQAGAAALLPLGAAADHHSLYKARTPSASASASSAASASAALAAPGKHLAEKKVKRVYLFGGLGTSSSPVGGVGAGADPSDPLGLYEEEGAGCSPDAPSLSGRSSAASSPAAGRSPADHRGYASLRAASPAPSSAPSHASSSASSHSSSSSSSGSSSSDDEFEDDLLDLNPSSNFESMSLGSFSSSSALDRDLDFNFEPGSGSHFEFPDYCTPEVSEMISGDWLESSISNLVFTY . Transcriptional activator that binds with high affinity to the T-cell enhancer motif 5'-AACAAAG-3' motif. Required for IL17A-producing Vgamma2-positive gamma-delta T-cell maturation and development, via binding to regulator loci of RORC to modulate expression (By similarity). Involved in skeletal myoblast differentiation by promoting gene expression of CALD1. M6ATAR00406 Transcription factor Sp1 (SP1) TSFP1 SP1_HUMAN hsa:6667 HGNC:11205 . ENSG00000185591 6667 SP1 Protein coding 12q13.13 MSDQDHSMDEMTAVVKIEKGVGGNNGGNGNGGGAFSQARSSSTGSSSSTGGGGQESQPSPLALLAATCSRIESPNENSNNSQGPSQSGGTGELDLTATQLSQGANGWQIISSSSGATPTSKEQSGSSTNGSNGSESSKNRTVSGGQYVVAAAPNLQNQQVLTGLPGVMPNIQYQVIPQFQTVDGQQLQFAATGAQVQQDGSGQIQIIPGANQQIITNRGSGGNIIAAMPNLLQQAVPLQGLANNVLSGQTQYVTNVPVALNGNITLLPVNSVSAATLTPSSQAVTISSSGSQESGSQPVTSGTTISSASLVSSQASSSSFFTNANSYSTTTTTSNMGIMNFTTSGSSGTNSQGQTPQRVSGLQGSDALNIQQNQTSGGSLQAGQQKEGEQNQQTQQQQILIQPQLVQGGQALQALQAAPLSGQTFTTQAISQETLQNLQLQAVPNSGPIIIRTPTVGPNGQVSWQTLQLQNLQVQNPQAQTITLAPMQGVSLGQTSSSNTTLTPIASAASIPAGTVTVNAAQLSSMPGLQTINLSALGTSGIQVHPIQGLPLAIANAPGDHGAQLGLHGAGGDGIHDDTAGGEEGENSPDAQPQAGRRTRREACTCPYCKDSEGRGSGDPGKKKQHICHIQGCGKVYGKTSHLRAHLRWHTGERPFMCTWSYCGKRFTRSDELQRHKRTHTGEKKFACPECPKRFMRSDHLSKHIKTHQNKKGGPGVALSVGTLPLDSGAGSEGSGTATPSALITTNMVAMEAICPEGIARLANSGINVMQVADLQSINISGNGF Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Transcription factor that can activate or repress transcription in response to physiological and pathological stimuli. Binds with high affinity to GC-rich motifs and regulates the expression of a large number of genes involved in a variety of processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, differentiation and immune responses. Highly regulated by post-translational modifications (phosphorylations, sumoylation, proteolytic cleavage, glycosylation and acetylation). Binds also the PDGFR-alpha G-box promoter. May have a role in modulating the cellular response to DNA damage. Implicated in chromatin remodeling. Plays an essential role in the regulation of FE65 gene expression. In complex with ATF7IP, maintains telomerase activity in cancer cells by inducing TERT and TERC gene expression. Isoform 3 is a stronger activator of transcription than isoform 1. Positively regulates the transcription of the core clock component ARNTL/BMAL1. Plays a role in the recruitment of SMARCA4/BRG1 on the c-FOS promoter. Plays a role in protecting cells against oxidative stress following brain injury by regulating the expression of RNF112 (By similarity). M6ATAR00407 Transcription factor Sp2 (SP2) KIAA0048 SP2_HUMAN hsa:6668 HGNC:11207 . ENSG00000167182 6668 SP2 Protein coding 17q21.32 MSDPQTSMAATAAVSPSDYLQPAASTTQDSQPSPLALLAATCSKIGPPAVEAAVTPPAPPQPTPRKLVPIKPAPLPLSPGKNSFGILSSKGNILQIQGSQLSASYPGGQLVFAIQNPTMINKGTRSNANIQYQAVPQIQASNSQTIQVQPNLTNQIQIIPGTNQAIITPSPSSHKPVPIKPAPIQKSSTTTTPVQSGANVVKLTGGGGNVTLTLPVNNLVNASDTGAPTQLLTESPPTPLSKTNKKARKKSLPASQPPVAVAEQVETVLIETTADNIIQAGNNLLIVQSPGGGQPAVVQQVQVVPPKAEQQQVVQIPQQALRVVQAASATLPTVPQKPSQNFQIQAAEPTPTQVYIRTPSGEVQTVLVQDSPPATAAATSNTTCSSPASRAPHLSGTSKKHSAAILRKERPLPKIAPAGSIISLNAAQLAAAAQAMQTININGVQVQGVPVTITNTGGQQQLTVQNVSGNNLTISGLSPTQIQLQMEQALAGETQPGEKRRRMACTCPNCKDGEKRSGEQGKKKHVCHIPDCGKTFRKTSLLRAHVRLHTGERPFVCNWFFCGKRFTRSDELQRHARTHTGDKRFECAQCQKRFMRSDHLTKHYKTHLVTKNL Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Binds to GC box promoters elements and selectively activates mRNA synthesis from genes that contain functional recognition sites. M6ATAR00340 Transcriptional activator Myb (MYB) Proto-oncogene c-Myb MYB_HUMAN hsa:4602 HGNC:7545 . ENSG00000118513 4602 MYB Protein coding 6q23.3 MARRPRHSIYSSDEDDEDFEMCDHDYDGLLPKSGKRHLGKTRWTREEDEKLKKLVEQNGTDDWKVIANYLPNRTDVQCQHRWQKVLNPELIKGPWTKEEDQRVIELVQKYGPKRWSVIAKHLKGRIGKQCRERWHNHLNPEVKKTSWTEEEDRIIYQAHKRLGNRWAEIAKLLPGRTDNAIKNHWNSTMRRKVEQEGYLQESSKASQPAVATSFQKNSHLMGFAQAPPTAQLPATGQPTVNNDYSYYHISEAQNVSSHVPYPVALHVNIVNVPQPAAAAIQRHYNDEDPEKEKRIKELELLLMSTENELKGQQVLPTQNHTCSYPGWHSTTIADHTRPHGDSAPVSCLGEHHSTPSLPADPGSLPEESASPARCMIVHQGTILDNVKNLLEFAETLQFIDSFLNTSSNHENSDLEMPSLTSTPLIGHKLTVTTPFHRDQTVKTQKENTVFRTPAIKRSILESSPRTPTPFKHALAAQEIKYGPLKMLPQTPSHLVEDLQDVIKQESDESGIVAEFQENGPPLLKKIKQEVESPTDKSGNFFCSHHWEGDSLNTQLFTQTSPVADAPNILTSSVLMAPASEDEDNVLKAFTVPKNRSLASPLQPCSSTWEPASCGKMEEQMTSSSQARKYVNAFSARTLVM . Transcriptional activator; DNA-binding protein that specifically recognize the sequence 5'-YAAC[GT]G-3'. Plays an important role in the control of proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. M6ATAR00451 Transcriptional coactivator YAP1 (YAP1) Yes-associated protein 1; Protein yorkie homolog; Yes-associated protein YAP65 homolog; YAP65 YAP1_HUMAN hsa:10413 HGNC:16262 . ENSG00000137693 10413 YAP1 Protein coding 11q22.1 MDPGQQPPPQPAPQGQGQPPSQPPQGQGPPSGPGQPAPAATQAAPQAPPAGHQIVHVRGDSETDLEALFNAVMNPKTANVPQTVPMRLRKLPDSFFKPPEPKSHSRQASTDAGTAGALTPQHVRAHSSPASLQLGAVSPGTLTPTGVVSGPAATPTAQHLRQSSFEIPDDVPLPAGWEMAKTSSGQRYFLNHIDQTTTWQDPRKAMLSQMNVTAPTSPPVQQNMMNSASGPLPDGWEQAMTQDGEIYYINHKNKTTSWLDPRLDPRFAMNQRISQSAPVKQPPPLAPQSPQGGVMGGSNSNQQQQMRLQQLQMEKERLRLKQQELLRQAMRNINPSTANSPKCQELALRSQLPTLEQDGGTQNPVSSPGMSQELRTMTTNSSDPFLNSGTYHSRDESTDSGLSMSSYSVPRTPDDFLNSVDEMDTGDTINQSTLPSQQNRFPDYLEAIPGTNVDLGTLEGDGMNIEGEELMPSLQEALSSDILNDMESVLAATKLDKESFLTWL YAP1 family Transcriptional regulator which can act both as a coactivator and a corepressor and is the critical downstream regulatory target in the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Plays a key role in tissue tension and 3D tissue shape by regulating cortical actomyosin network formation. Acts via ARHGAP18, a Rho GTPase activating protein that suppresses F-actin polymerization. Plays a key role in controlling cell proliferation in response to cell contact. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration . The presence of TEAD transcription factors are required for it to stimulate gene expression, cell growth, anchorage-independent growth, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction. Suppresses ciliogenesis via acting as a transcriptional corepressor of the TEAD4 target genes AURKA and PLK1. In conjunction with WWTR1, involved in the regulation of TGFB1-dependent SMAD2 and SMAD3 nuclear accumulation (By similarity); [Isoform 2]: Activates the C-terminal fragment (CTF) of ERBB4 (isoform 3). M6ATAR00424 Transcriptional enhancer factor TEF-4 (TEAD2) TEA domain family member 2; TEAD-2; TEF4 TEAD2_HUMAN hsa:8463 HGNC:11715 . ENSG00000074219 8463 TEAD2 Protein coding 19q13.33 MGEPRAGAALDDGSGWTGSEEGSEEGTGGSEGAGGDGGPDAEGVWSPDIEQSFQEALAIYPPCGRRKIILSDEGKMYGRNELIARYIKLRTGKTRTRKQVSSHIQVLARRKSREIQSKLKDQVSKDKAFQTMATMSSAQLISAPSLQAKLGPTGPQASELFQFWSGGSGPPWNVPDVKPFSQTPFTLSLTPPSTDLPGYEPPQALSPLPPPTPSPPAWQARGLGTARLQLVEFSAFVEPPDAVDSYQRHLFVHISQHCPSPGAPPLESVDVRQIYDKFPEKKGGLRELYDRGPPHAFFLVKFWADLNWGPSGEEAGAGGSISSGGFYGVSSQYESLEHMTLTCSSKVCSFGKQVVEKVETERAQLEDGRFVYRLLRSPMCEYLVNFLHKLRQLPERYMMNSVLENFTILQVVTNRDTQELLLCTAYVFEVSTSERGAQHHIYRLVRD . Transcription factor which plays a key role in the Hippo signaling pathway, a pathway involved in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein MST1/MST2, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Acts by mediating gene expression of YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ, thereby regulating cell proliferation, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction. Binds to the SPH and GT-IIC 'enhansons' (5'-GTGGAATGT-3'). May be involved in the gene regulation of neural development. Binds to the M-CAT motif. M6ATAR00635 Transcriptional repressor protein YY1 (YY1) Delta transcription factor; INO80 complex subunit S; NF-E1; Yin and yang 1; YY-1 TYY1_HUMAN hsa:7528 HGNC:12856 . ENSG00000100811 7528 YY1 Protein coding 14q32.2 MASGDTLYIATDGSEMPAEIVELHEIEVETIPVETIETTVVGEEEEEDDDDEDGGGGDHGGGGGHGHAGHHHHHHHHHHHPPMIALQPLVTDDPTQVHHHQEVILVQTREEVVGGDDSDGLRAEDGFEDQILIPVPAPAGGDDDYIEQTLVTVAAAGKSGGGGSSSSGGGRVKKGGGKKSGKKSYLSGGAGAAGGGGADPGNKKWEQKQVQIKTLEGEFSVTMWSSDEKKDIDHETVVEEQIIGENSPPDYSEYMTGKKLPPGGIPGIDLSDPKQLAEFARMKPRKIKEDDAPRTIACPHKGCTKMFRDNSAMRKHLHTHGPRVHVCAECGKAFVESSKLKRHQLVHTGEKPFQCTFEGCGKRFSLDFNLRTHVRIHTGDRPYVCPFDGCNKKFAQSTNLKSHILTHAKAKNNQ YY transcription factor family Multifunctional transcription factor that exhibits positive and negative control on a large number of cellular and viral genes by binding to sites overlapping the transcription start site. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-CCGCCATNTT-3'; some genes have been shown to contain a longer binding motif allowing enhanced binding; the initial CG dinucleotide can be methylated greatly reducing the binding affinity. The effect on transcription regulation is depending upon the context in which it binds and diverse mechanisms of action include direct activation or repression, indirect activation or repression via cofactor recruitment, or activation or repression by disruption of binding sites or conformational DNA changes. Its activity is regulated by transcription factors and cytoplasmic proteins that have been shown to abrogate or completely inhibit YY1-mediated activation or repression. For example, it acts as a repressor in absence of adenovirus E1A protein but as an activator in its presence. Acts synergistically with the SMAD1 and SMAD4 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) (5'-GTCT/AGAC-3') within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions. May play an important role in development and differentiation. Proposed to recruit the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex to target genes that are transcriptional repressed. Involved in DNA repair. In vitro, binds to DNA recombination intermediate structures (Holliday junctions). Plays a role in regulating enhancer activation; FUNCTION: Proposed core component of the chromatin remodeling INO80 complex which is involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and probably DNA repair; proposed to target the INO80 complex to YY1-responsive elements. M6ATAR00427 Transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFRC) . TFR1_HUMAN hsa:7037 HGNC:11763 . ENSG00000072274 7037 TFRC Protein coding 3q29 MMDQARSAFSNLFGGEPLSYTRFSLARQVDGDNSHVEMKLAVDEEENADNNTKANVTKPKRCSGSICYGTIAVIVFFLIGFMIGYLGYCKGVEPKTECERLAGTESPVREEPGEDFPAARRLYWDDLKRKLSEKLDSTDFTGTIKLLNENSYVPREAGSQKDENLALYVENQFREFKLSKVWRDQHFVKIQVKDSAQNSVIIVDKNGRLVYLVENPGGYVAYSKAATVTGKLVHANFGTKKDFEDLYTPVNGSIVIVRAGKITFAEKVANAESLNAIGVLIYMDQTKFPIVNAELSFFGHAHLGTGDPYTPGFPSFNHTQFPPSRSSGLPNIPVQTISRAAAEKLFGNMEGDCPSDWKTDSTCRMVTSESKNVKLTVSNVLKEIKILNIFGVIKGFVEPDHYVVVGAQRDAWGPGAAKSGVGTALLLKLAQMFSDMVLKDGFQPSRSIIFASWSAGDFGSVGATEWLEGYLSSLHLKAFTYINLDKAVLGTSNFKVSASPLLYTLIEKTMQNVKHPVTGQFLYQDSNWASKVEKLTLDNAAFPFLAYSGIPAVSFCFCEDTDYPYLGTTMDTYKELIERIPELNKVARAAAEVAGQFVIKLTHDVELNLDYERYNSQLLSFVRDLNQYRADIKEMGLSLQWLYSARGDFFRATSRLTTDFGNAEKTDRFVMKKLNDRVMRVEYHFLSPYVSPKESPFRHVFWGSGSHTLPALLENLKLRKQNNGAFNETLFRNQLALATWTIQGAANALSGDVWDIDNEF peptidase M28 family; M28B subfamily Cellular uptake of iron occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligand-occupied transferrin receptor into specialized endosomes. Endosomal acidification leads to iron release. The apotransferrin-receptor complex is then recycled to the cell surface with a return to neutral pH and the concomitant loss of affinity of apotransferrin for its receptor. Transferrin receptor is necessary for development of erythrocytes and the nervous system (By similarity). A second ligand, the heditary hemochromatosis protein HFE, competes for binding with transferrin for an overlapping C-terminal binding site. Positively regulates T and B cell proliferation through iron uptake. Acts as a lipid sensor that regulates mitochondrial fusion by regulating activation of the JNK pathway. When dietary levels of stearate (C18:0) are low, promotes activation of the JNK pathway, resulting in HUWE1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the mitofusin MFN2 and inhibition of mitochondrial fusion. When dietary levels of stearate (C18:0) are high, TFRC stearoylation inhibits activation of the JNK pathway and thus degradation of the mitofusin MFN2; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for new-world arenaviruses: Guanarito, Junin and Machupo virus. M6ATAR00422 Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3) ERIC-1; ERIC1 TACC3_HUMAN hsa:10460 HGNC:11524 . ENSG00000013810 10460 TACC3 Protein coding 4p16.3 MSLQVLNDKNVSNEKNTENCDFLFSPPEVTGRSSVLRVSQKENVPPKNLAKAMKVTFQTPLRDPQTHRILSPSMASKLEAPFTQDDTLGLENSHPVWTQKENQQLIKEVDAKTTHGILQKPVEADTDLLGDASPAFGSGSSSESGPGALADLDCSSSSQSPGSSENQMVSPGKVSGSPEQAVEENLSSYSLDRRVTPASETLEDPCRTESQHKAETPHGAEEECKAETPHGAEEECRHGGVCAPAAVATSPPGAIPKEACGGAPLQGLPGEALGCPAGVGTPVPADGTQTLTCAHTSAPESTAPTNHLVAGRAMTLSPQEEVAAGQMASSSRSGPVKLEFDVSDGATSKRAPPPRRLGERSGLKPPLRKAAVRQQKAPQEVEEDDGRSGAGEDPPMPASRGSYHLDWDKMDDPNFIPFGGDTKSGCSEAQPPESPETRLGQPAAEQLHAGPATEEPGPCLSQQLHSASAEDTPVVQLAAETPTAESKERALNSASTSLPTSCPGSEPVPTHQQGQPALELKEESFRDPAEVLGTGAEVDYLEQFGTSSFKESALRKQSLYLKFDPLLRDSPGRPVPVATETSSMHGANETPSGRPREAKLVEFDFLGALDIPVPGPPPGVPAPGGPPLSTGPIVDLLQYSQKDLDAVVKATQEENRELRSRCEELHGKNLELGKIMDRFEEVVYQAMEEVQKQKELSKAEIQKVLKEKDQLTTDLNSMEKSFSDLFKRFEKQKEVIEGYRKNEESLKKCVEDYLARITQEGQRYQALKAHAEEKLQLANEEIAQVRSKAQAEALALQASLRKEQMRIQSLEKTVEQKTKENEELTRICDDLISKMEKI TACC family Plays a role in the microtubule-dependent coupling of the nucleus and the centrosome. Involved in the processes that regulate centrosome-mediated interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) of neural progenitors (By similarity). Acts as component of the TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex proposed to contribute to stabilization of kinetochore fibers of the mitotic spindle by acting as inter-microtubule bridge. The TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex is required for the maintenance of kinetochore fiber tension. May be involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation. May contribute to cancer. M6ATAR00488 Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein (TGFB1) LAP; TGF-beta-1; TGFB TGFB1_HUMAN hsa:7040 HGNC:11766 . . 5395 TGFB1 Protein coding . MPPSGLRLLLLLLPLLWLLVLTPGRPAAGLSTCKTIDMELVKRKRIEAIRGQILSKLRLASPPSQGEVPPGPLPEAVLALYNSTRDRVAGESAEPEPEPEADYYAKEVTRVLMVETHNEIYDKFKQSTHSIYMFFNTSELREAVPEPVLLSRAELRLLRLKLKVEQHVELYQKYSNNSWRYLSNRLLAPSDSPEWLSFDVTGVVRQWLSRGGEIEGFRLSAHCSCDSRDNTLQVDINGFTTGRRGDLATIHGMNRPFLLLMATPLERAQHLQSSRHRRALDTNYCFSSTEKNCCVRQLYIDFRKDLGWKWIHEPKGYHANFCLGPCPYIWSLDTQYSKVLALYNQHNPGASAAPCCVPQALEPLPIVYYVGRKPKVEQLSNMIVRSCKCS TGF-beta family. {ECO:0000305}. Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively.; [Latency-associated peptide]: Required to maintain the Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chain in a latent state during storage in extracellular matrix . Associates non-covalently with TGF-beta-1 and regulates its activation via interaction with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP and LRRC33/NRROS, that control activation of TGF-beta-1. Interaction with LRRC33/NRROS regulates activation of TGF-beta-1 in macrophages and microglia (Probable). Interaction with LRRC32/GARP controls activation of TGF-beta-1 on the surface of activated regulatory T-cells (Tregs) . Interaction with integrins (ITGAV:ITGB6 or ITGAV:ITGB8) results in distortion of the Latency-associated peptide chain and subsequent release of the active TGF-beta-1; [Transforming growth factor beta-1]: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration (By similarity). Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains remain non-covalently linked rendering TGF-beta-1 inactive during storage in extracellular matrix. At the same time, LAP chain interacts with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP and LRRC33/NRROS that control activation of TGF-beta-1 and maintain it in a latent state during storage in extracellular milieus. TGF-beta-1 is released from LAP by integrins (ITGAV:ITGB6 or ITGAV:ITGB8): integrin-binding to LAP stabilizes an alternative conformation of the LAP bowtie tail and results in distortion of the LAP chain and subsequent release of the active TGF-beta-1. Once activated following release of LAP, TGF-beta-1 acts by binding to TGF-beta receptors (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2), which transduce signal. While expressed by many cells types, TGF-beta-1 only has a very localized range of action within cell environment thanks to fine regulation of its activation by Latency-associated peptide chain (LAP) and 'milieu molecules' (By similarity). Plays an important role in bone remodeling: acts as a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts (By similarity). Can promote either T-helper 17 cells (Th17) or regulatory T-cells (Treg) lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner (By similarity). At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development (By similarity). At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells (By similarity). Stimulates sustained production of collagen through the activation of CREB3L1 by regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP). Mediates SMAD2/3 activation by inducing its phosphorylation and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Can induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration in various cell types. M6ATAR00428 Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein (TGFB2) Cetermin; Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor; G-TSF; LAP; TGF-beta-2 TGFB2_HUMAN hsa:7042 HGNC:11768 . ENSG00000092969 7042 TGFB2 Protein coding 1q41 MHYCVLSAFLILHLVTVALSLSTCSTLDMDQFMRKRIEAIRGQILSKLKLTSPPEDYPEPEEVPPEVISIYNSTRDLLQEKASRRAAACERERSDEEYYAKEVYKIDMPPFFPSENAIPPTFYRPYFRIVRFDVSAMEKNASNLVKAEFRVFRLQNPKARVPEQRIELYQILKSKDLTSPTQRYIDSKVVKTRAEGEWLSFDVTDAVHEWLHHKDRNLGFKISLHCPCCTFVPSNNYIIPNKSEELEARFAGIDGTSTYTSGDQKTIKSTRKKNSGKTPHLLLMLLPSYRLESQQTNRRKKRALDAAYCFRNVQDNCCLRPLYIDFKRDLGWKWIHEPKGYNANFCAGACPYLWSSDTQHSRVLSLYNTINPEASASPCCVSQDLEPLTILYYIGKTPKIEQLSNMIVKSCKCS TGF-beta family Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-2, respectively.; [Latency-associated peptide]: Required to maintain the Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chain in a latent state during storage in extracellular matrix (By similarity). Associates non-covalently with TGF-beta-2 and regulates its activation via interaction with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1 and LRRC32/GARP, that control activation of TGF-beta-2 (By similarity).; Transforming growth factor beta-2: Multifunctional protein that regulates various processes such as angiogenesis and heart development. Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains remain non-covalently linked rendering TGF-beta-2 inactive during storage in extracellular matrix (By similarity). At the same time, LAP chain interacts with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1 and LRRC32/GARP, that control activation of TGF-beta-2 and maintain it in a latent state during storage in extracellular milieus (By similarity). Once activated following release of LAP, TGF-beta-2 acts by binding to TGF-beta receptors (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2), which transduce signal (By similarity). M6ATAR00581 Transgelin (SM22alpha) 22 kDa actin-binding protein; Protein WS3-10; Smooth muscle protein 22-alpha; SM22-alpha TAGL_HUMAN hsa:6876 HGNC:11553 . ENSG00000149591 6876 SM22alpha Protein coding 11q23.3 MANKGPSYGMSREVQSKIEKKYDEELEERLVEWIIVQCGPDVGRPDRGRLGFQVWLKNGVILSKLVNSLYPDGSKPVKVPENPPSMVFKQMEQVAQFLKAAEDYGVIKTDMFQTVDLFEGKDMAAVQRTLMALGSLAVTKNDGHYRGDPNWFMKKAQEHKREFTESQLQEGKHVIGLQMGSNRGASQAGMTGYGRPRQIIS Calponin family Actin cross-linking/gelling protein (By similarity). Involved in calcium interactions and contractile properties of the cell that may contribute to replicative senescence. M6ATAR00656 Translocating chain-associated membrane protein 2 (TRAM2) . TRAM2_HUMAN hsa:9697 HGNC:16855 . ENSG00000065308 9697 TRAM2 Protein coding 6p12.2 MAFRRRTKSYPLFSQEFVIHNHADIGFCLVLCVLIGLMFEVTAKTAFLFILPQYNISVPTADSETVHYHYGPKDLVTILFYIFITIILHAVVQEYILDKISKRLHLSKVKHSKFNESGQLVVFHFTSVIWCFYVVVTEGYLTNPRSLWEDYPHVHLPFQVKFFYLCQLAYWLHALPELYFQKVRKEEIPRQLQYICLYLVHIAGAYLLNLSRLGLILLLLQYSTEFLFHTARLFYFADENNEKLFSAWAAVFGVTRLFILTLAVLAIGFGLARMENQAFDPEKGNFNTLFCRLCVLLLVCAAQAWLMWRFIHSQLRHWREYWNEQSAKRRVPATPRLPARLIKRESGYHENGVVKAENGTSPRTKKLKSP TRAM family Necessary for collagen type I synthesis. May couple the activity of the ER Ca(2+) pump SERCA2B with the activity of the translocon. This coupling may increase the local Ca(2+) concentration at the site of collagen synthesis, and a high Ca(2+) concentration may be necessary for the function of molecular chaperones involved in collagen folding. Required for proper insertion of the first transmembrane helix N-terminus of TM4SF20 into the ER lumen, may act as a ceramide sensor for regulated alternative translocation (RAT). M6ATAR00389 Translocation protein SEC62 (SEC62) Translocation protein 1; TP-1; hTP-1; TLOC1 SEC62_HUMAN hsa:7095 HGNC:11846 . ENSG00000008952 7095 SEC62 Protein coding 3q26.2 MAERRRHKKRIQEVGEPSKEEKAVAKYLRFNCPTKSTNMMGHRVDYFIASKAVDCLLDSKWAKAKKGEEALFTTRESVVDYCNRLLKKQFFHRALKVMKMKYDKDIKKEKDKGKAESGKEEDKKSKKENIKDEKTKKEKEKKKDGEKEESKKEETPGTPKKKETKKKFKLEPHDDQVFLDGNEVYVWIYDPVHFKTFVMGLILVIAVIAATLFPLWPAEMRVGVYYLSVGAGCFVASILLLAVARCILFLIIWLITGGRHHFWFLPNLTADVGFIDSFRPLYTHEYKGPKADLKKDEKSETKKQQKSDSEEKSDSEKKEDEEGKVGPGNHGTEGSGGERHSDTDSDRREDDRSQHSSGNGNDFEMITKEELEQQTDGDCEEDEEEENDGETPKSSHEKS SEC62 family Mediates post-translational transport of precursor polypeptides across endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Proposed to act as a targeting receptor for small presecretory proteins containing short and apolar signal peptides. Targets and properly positions newly synthesized presecretory proteins into the SEC61 channel-forming translocon complex, triggering channel opening for polypeptide translocation to the ER lumen. M6ATAR00478 Transmembrane 9 superfamily member 1 (TM9SF1) MP70 protein family member; hMP70 TM9S1_HUMAN hsa:10548 HGNC:11864 . ENSG00000100926; ENSG00000285465 5395 TM9SF1 Protein coding . MTVVGNPRSWSCQWLPILILLLGTGHGPGVEGVTHYKAGDPVILYVNKVGPYHNPQETYHYYQLPVCCPEKIRHKSLSLGEVLDGDRMAESLYEIRFRENVEKRILCHMQLSSAQVEQLRQAIEELYYFEFVVDDLPIRGFVGYMEESGFLPHSHKIGLWTHLDFHLEFHGDRIIFANVSVRDVKPHSLDGLRPDEFLGLTHTYSVRWSETSVERRSDRRRGDDGGFFPRTLEIHWLSIINSMVLVFLLVGFVAVILMRVLRNDLARYNLDEETTSAGSGDDFDQGDNGWKIIHTDVFRFPPYRGLLCAVLGVGAQFLALGTGIIVMALLGMFNVHRHGAINSAAILLYALTCCISGYVSSHFYRQIGGERWVWNIILTTSLFSVPFFLTWSVVNSVHWANGSTQALPATTILLLLTVWLLVGFPLTVIGGIFGKNNASPFDAPCRTKNIAREIPPQPWYKSTVIHMTVGGFLPFSAISVELYYIFATVWGREQYTLYGILFFVFAILLSVGACISIALTYFQLSGEDYRWWWRSVLSVGSTGLFIFLYSVFYYARRSNMSGAVQTVEFFGYSLLTGYVFFLMLGTISFFSSLKFIRYIYVNLKMD nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family. {ECO:0000305}. Plays an essential role in autophagy. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19029833}. M6ATAR00506 Tribbles homolog 2 (TRIB2) TRB-2 TRIB2_HUMAN hsa:28951 HGNC:30809 . ENSG00000071575 28951 TRIB2 Protein coding 2p24.3 MNIHRSTPITIARYGRSRNKTQDFEELSSIRSAEPSQSFSPNLGSPSPPETPNLSHCVSCIGKYLLLEPLEGDHVFRAVHLHSGEELVCKVFDISCYQESLAPCFCLSAHSNINQITEIILGETKAYVFFERSYGDMHSFVRTCKKLREEEAARLFYQIASAVAHCHDGGLVLRDLKLRKFIFKDEERTRVKLESLEDAYILRGDDDSLSDKHGCPAYVSPEILNTSGSYSGKAADVWSLGVMLYTMLVGRYPFHDIEPSSLFSKIRRGQFNIPETLSPKAKCLIRSILRREPSERLTSQEILDHPWFSTDFSVSNSAYGAKEVSDQLVPDVNMEENLDPFFN Protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family, Tribbles subfamily Interacts with MAPK kinases and regulates activation of MAP kinases. Does not display kinase activity (By similarity). M6ATAR00436 Tripartite motif-containing protein 29 (TRIM29) Ataxia telangiectasia group D-associated protein; ATDC TRI29_HUMAN hsa:23650 HGNC:17274 . ENSG00000137699 23650 TRIM29 Protein coding 11q23.3 MEAADASRSNGSSPEARDARSPSGPSGSLENGTKADGKDAKTTNGHGGEAAEGKSLGSALKPGEGRSALFAGNEWRRPIIQFVESGDDKNSNYFSMDSMEGKRSPYAGLQLGAAKKPPVTFAEKGELRKSIFSESRKPTVSIMEPGETRRNSYPRADTGLFSRSKSGSEEVLCDSCIGNKQKAVKSCLVCQASFCELHLKPHLEGAAFRDHQLLEPIRDFEARKCPVHGKTMELFCQTDQTCICYLCMFQEHKNHSTVTVEEAKAEKETELSLQKEQLQLKIIEIEDEAEKWQKEKDRIKSFTTNEKAILEQNFRDLVRDLEKQKEEVRAALEQREQDAVDQVKVIMDALDERAKVLHEDKQTREQLHSISDSVLFLQEFGALMSNYSLPPPLPTYHVLLEGEGLGQSLGNFKDDLLNVCMRHVEKMCKADLSRNFIERNHMENGGDHRYVNNYTNSFGGEWSAPDTMKRYSMYLTPKGGVRTSYQPSSPGRFTKETTQKNFNNLYGTKGNYTSRVWEYSSSIQNSDNDLPVVQGSSSFSLKGYPSLMRSQSPKAQPQTWKSGKQTMLSHYRPFYVNKGNGIGSNEAP . Plays a crucial role in the regulation of macrophage activation in response to viral or bacterial infections within the respiratory tract. Mechanistically, TRIM29 interacts with IKBKG/NEMO in the lysosome where it induces its 'Lys-48' ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. In turn, the expression of type I interferons and the production of proinflammatory cytokines are inhibited. Additionally, induces the 'Lys-48' ubiquitination of STING1 in a similar way, leading to its degradation. M6ATAR00432 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF/TNF-alpha) Cachectin; TNF-alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; TNF-a; N-terminal fragment; NTF; ICD1; ICD2; TNFA; TNFSF2 TNFA_HUMAN hsa:7124 HGNC:11892 . ENSG00000204490; ENSG00000206439; ENSG00000228321; ENSG00000228849; ENSG00000230108; ENSG00000223952; ENSG00000232810 7124 TNF Protein coding 6p21.33 MSTESMIRDVELAEEALPKKTGGPQGSRRCLFLSLFSFLIVAGATTLFCLLHFGVIGPQREEFPRDLSLISPLAQAVRSSSRTPSDKPVAHVVANPQAEGQLQWLNRRANALLANGVELRDNQLVVPSEGLYLIYSQVLFKGQGCPSTHVLLTHTISRIAVSYQTKVNLLSAIKSPCQRETPEGAEAKPWYEPIYLGGVFQLEKGDRLSAEINRPDYLDFAESGQVYFGIIAL tumor necrosis factor family Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Up-regulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective. Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line. Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance (By similarity). Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6; The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. M6ATAR00434 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A (TNFRSF10A) . TR10A_HUMAN hsa:8797 HGNC:11904 . ENSG00000104689 8797 TNFRSF10A Protein coding 8p21.3 MAPPPARVHLGAFLAVTPNPGSAASGTEAAAATPSKVWGSSAGRIEPRGGGRGALPTSMGQHGPSARARAGRAPGPRPAREASPRLRVHKTFKFVVVGVLLQVVPSSAATIKLHDQSIGTQQWEHSPLGELCPPGSHRSEHPGACNRCTEGVGYTNASNNLFACLPCTACKSDEEERSPCTTTRNTACQCKPGTFRNDNSAEMCRKCSRGCPRGMVKVKDCTPWSDIECVHKESGNGHNIWVILVVTLVVPLLLVAVLIVCCCIGSGCGGDPKCMDRVCFWRLGLLRGPGAEDNAHNEILSNADSLSTFVSEQQMESQEPADLTGVTVQSPGEAQCLLGPAEAEGSQRRRLLVPANGADPTETLMLFFDKFANIVPFDSWDQLMRQLDLTKNEIDVVRAGTAGPGDALYAMLMKWVNKTGRNASIHTLLDALERMEERHAREKIQDLLVDSGKFIYLEDGTGSAVSLE . Receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TNFSF10/TRAIL. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. Promotes the activation of NF-kappa-B. M6ATAR00433 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (FAS) . TNR6_HUMAN hsa:355 HGNC:11920 . ENSG00000026103 355 FAS Protein coding 10q23.31 MLGIWTLLPLVLTSVARLSSKSVNAQVTDINSKGLELRKTVTTVETQNLEGLHHDGQFCHKPCPPGERKARDCTVNGDEPDCVPCQEGKEYTDKAHFSSKCRRCRLCDEGHGLEVEINCTRTQNTKCRCKPNFFCNSTVCEHCDPCTKCEHGIIKECTLTSNTKCKEEGSRSNLGWLCLLLLPIPLIVWVKRKEVQKTCRKHRKENQGSHESPTLNPETVAINLSDVDLSKYITTIAGVMTLSQVKGFVRKNGVNEAKIDEIKNDNVQDTAEQKVQLLRNWHQLHGKKEAYDTLIKDLKKANLCTLAEKIQTIILKDITSDSENSNFRNEIQSLV . Receptor for TNFSF6/FASLG. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. FAS-mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance, in the antigen-stimulated suicide of mature T-cells, or both. The secreted isoforms 2 to 6 block apoptosis (in vitro). M6ATAR00357 Tumor protein 63 (TP63) p63; Chronic ulcerative stomatitis protein; CUSP; Keratinocyte transcription factor KET; Transformation-related protein 63; TP63; Tumor protein p73-like; p73L; p40; p51; KET; P63; P73H; P73L; TP73L P63_HUMAN hsa:8626 HGNC:15979 . ENSG00000073282 8626 TP63 Protein coding 3q28 MNFETSRCATLQYCPDPYIQRFVETPAHFSWKESYYRSTMSQSTQTNEFLSPEVFQHIWDFLEQPICSVQPIDLNFVDEPSEDGATNKIEISMDCIRMQDSDLSDPMWPQYTNLGLLNSMDQQIQNGSSSTSPYNTDHAQNSVTAPSPYAQPSSTFDALSPSPAIPSNTDYPGPHSFDVSFQQSSTAKSATWTYSTELKKLYCQIAKTCPIQIKVMTPPPQGAVIRAMPVYKKAEHVTEVVKRCPNHELSREFNEGQIAPPSHLIRVEGNSHAQYVEDPITGRQSVLVPYEPPQVGTEFTTVLYNFMCNSSCVGGMNRRPILIIVTLETRDGQVLGRRCFEARICACPGRDRKADEDSIRKQQVSDSTKNGDGTKRPFRQNTHGIQMTSIKKRRSPDDELLYLPVRGRETYEMLLKIKESLELMQYLPQHTIETYRQQQQQQHQHLLQKQTSIQSPSSYGNSSPPLNKMNSMNKLPSVSQLINPQQRNALTPTTIPDGMGANIPMMGTHMPMAGDMNGLSPTQALPPPLSMPSTSHCTPPPPYPTDCSIVSFLARLGCSSCLDYFTTQGLTTIYQIEHYSMDDLASLKIPEQFRHAIWKGILDHRQLHEFSSPSHLLRTPSSASTVSVGSSETRGERVIDAVRFTLRQTISFPPRDEWNDFNFDMDARRNKQQRIKEEGE p53 family Acts as a sequence specific DNA binding transcriptional activator or repressor. The isoforms contain a varying set of transactivation and auto-regulating transactivation inhibiting domains thus showing an isoform specific activity. Isoform 2 activates RIPK4 transcription. May be required in conjunction with TP73/p73 for initiation of p53/TP53 dependent apoptosis in response to genotoxic insults and the presence of activated oncogenes. Involved in Notch signaling by probably inducing JAG1 and JAG2. Plays a role in the regulation of epithelial morphogenesis. The ratio of DeltaN-type and TA*-type isoforms may govern the maintenance of epithelial stem cell compartments and regulate the initiation of epithelial stratification from the undifferentiated embryonal ectoderm. Required for limb formation from the apical ectodermal ridge. Activates transcription of the p21 promoter. M6ATAR00763 Tyrosine-protein kinase EIF2AK2 (eIF2AK2/p68) PKR; PRKR; Interferon-induced; double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase; EC 2.7.11.1 ; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2; eIF-2A protein kinase 2 ; Interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase ; P1/eIF-2A protein kinase ; Protein kinase RNA-activated; PKR; Protein kinase R ; Tyrosine-protein kinase EIF2AK2; EC 2.7.10.2 ; p68 kinase E2AK2_HUMAN hsa:5610 HGNC:9437 . ENSG00000055332.19 5610 eIF2AK2 Protein coding 2p22.2 MAGDLSAGFFMEELNTYRQKQGVVLKYQELPNSGPPHDRRFTFQVIIDGREFPEGEGRSKKEAKNAAAKLAVEILNKEKKAVSPLLLTTTNSSEGLSMGNYIGLINRIAQKKRLTVNYEQCASGVHGPEGFHYKCKMGQKEYSIGTGSTKQEAKQLAAKLAYLQILSEETSVKSDYLSSGSFATTCESQSNSLVTSTLASESSSEGDFSADTSEINSNSDSLNSSSLLMNGLRNNQRKAKRSLAPRFDLPDMKETKYTVDKRFGMDFKEIELIGSGGFGQVFKAKHRIDGKTYVIKRVKYNNEKAEREVKALAKLDHVNIVHYNGCWDGFDYDPETSDDSLESSDYDPENSKNSSRSKTKCLFIQMEFCDKGTLEQWIEKRRGEKLDKVLALELFEQITKGVDYIHSKKLIHRDLKPSNIFLVDTKQVKIGDFGLVTSLKNDGKRTRSKGTLRYMSPEQISSQDYGKEVDLYALGLILAELLHVCDTAFETSKFFTDLRDGIISDIFDKKEKTLLQKLLSKKPEDRPNTSEILRTLTVWKKSPEKNERHTC Protein kinase superfamily, Ser/Thr protein kinase family, GCN2 subfamily IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) and plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection. Inhibits viral replication via the integrated stress response (ISR): EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation in response to viral infection converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, resulting to a shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1). Also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation: phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11. In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation. Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFNs. Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6. Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes. Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin (By similarity). M6ATAR00511 Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn (FYN) Proto-oncogene Syn; Proto-oncogene c-Fyn; Src-like kinase; SLK; p59-Fyn FYN_HUMAN hsa:2534 HGNC:4037 . ENSG00000010810 2534 FYN Protein coding 6q21 MGCVQCKDKEATKLTEERDGSLNQSSGYRYGTDPTPQHYPSFGVTSIPNYNNFHAAGGQGLTVFGGVNSSSHTGTLRTRGGTGVTLFVALYDYEARTEDDLSFHKGEKFQILNSSEGDWWEARSLTTGETGYIPSNYVAPVDSIQAEEWYFGKLGRKDAERQLLSFGNPRGTFLIRESETTKGAYSLSIRDWDDMKGDHVKHYKIRKLDNGGYYITTRAQFETLQQLVQHYSERAAGLCCRLVVPCHKGMPRLTDLSVKTKDVWEIPRESLQLIKRLGNGQFGEVWMGTWNGNTKVAIKTLKPGTMSPESFLEEAQIMKKLKHDKLVQLYAVVSEEPIYIVTEYMNKGSLLDFLKDGEGRALKLPNLVDMAAQVAAGMAYIERMNYIHRDLRSANILVGNGLICKIADFGLARLIEDNEYTARQGAKFPIKWTAPEAALYGRFTIKSDVWSFGILLTELVTKGRVPYPGMNNREVLEQVERGYRMPCPQDCPISLHELMIHCWKKDPEERPTFEYLQSFLEDYFTATEPQYQPGENL Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, SRC subfamily Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many biological processes including regulation of cell growth and survival, cell adhesion, integrin-mediated signaling, cytoskeletal remodeling, cell motility, immune response and axon guidance. Inactive FYN is phosphorylated on its C-terminal tail within the catalytic domain. Following activation by PKA, the protein subsequently associates with PTK2/FAK1, allowing PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation, activation and targeting to focal adhesions. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and motility through phosphorylation of CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) and CTNND1 (delta-catenin). Regulates cytoskeletal remodeling by phosphorylating several proteins including the actin regulator WAS and the microtubule-associated proteins MAP2 and MAPT. Promotes cell survival by phosphorylating AGAP2/PIKE-A and preventing its apoptotic cleavage. Participates in signal transduction pathways that regulate the integrity of the glomerular slit diaphragm (an essential part of the glomerular filter of the kidney) by phosphorylating several slit diaphragm components including NPHS1, KIRREL1 and TRPC6. Plays a role in neural processes by phosphorylating DPYSL2, a multifunctional adapter protein within the central nervous system, ARHGAP32, a regulator for Rho family GTPases implicated in various neural functions, and SNCA, a small pre-synaptic protein. Participates in the downstream signaling pathways that lead to T-cell differentiation and proliferation following T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation. Phosphorylates PTK2B/PYK2 in response to T-cell receptor activation. Also participates in negative feedback regulation of TCR signaling through phosphorylation of PAG1, thereby promoting interaction between PAG1 and CSK and recruitment of CSK to lipid rafts. CSK maintains LCK and FYN in an inactive form. Promotes CD28-induced phosphorylation of VAV1. In mast cells, phosphorylates CLNK after activation of immunoglobulin epsilon receptor signaling (By similarity). M6ATAR00299 Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 (JAK2) Janus kinase 2; JAK-2 JAK2_HUMAN hsa:3717 HGNC:6192 . ENSG00000096968 3717 JAK2 Protein coding 9p24.1 MGMACLTMTEMEGTSTSSIYQNGDISGNANSMKQIDPVLQVYLYHSLGKSEADYLTFPSGEYVAEEICIAASKACGITPVYHNMFALMSETERIWYPPNHVFHIDESTRHNVLYRIRFYFPRWYCSGSNRAYRHGISRGAEAPLLDDFVMSYLFAQWRHDFVHGWIKVPVTHETQEECLGMAVLDMMRIAKENDQTPLAIYNSISYKTFLPKCIRAKIQDYHILTRKRIRYRFRRFIQQFSQCKATARNLKLKYLINLETLQSAFYTEKFEVKEPGSGPSGEEIFATIIITGNGGIQWSRGKHKESETLTEQDLQLYCDFPNIIDVSIKQANQEGSNESRVVTIHKQDGKNLEIELSSLREALSFVSLIDGYYRLTADAHHYLCKEVAPPAVLENIQSNCHGPISMDFAISKLKKAGNQTGLYVLRCSPKDFNKYFLTFAVERENVIEYKHCLITKNENEEYNLSGTKKNFSSLKDLLNCYQMETVRSDNIIFQFTKCCPPKPKDKSNLLVFRTNGVSDVPTSPTLQRPTHMNQMVFHKIRNEDLIFNESLGQGTFTKIFKGVRREVGDYGQLHETEVLLKVLDKAHRNYSESFFEAASMMSKLSHKHLVLNYGVCVCGDENILVQEFVKFGSLDTYLKKNKNCINILWKLEVAKQLAWAMHFLEENTLIHGNVCAKNILLIREEDRKTGNPPFIKLSDPGISITVLPKDILQERIPWVPPECIENPKNLNLATDKWSFGTTLWEICSGGDKPLSALDSQRKLQFYEDRHQLPAPKWAELANLINNCMDYEPDFRPSFRAIIRDLNSLFTPDYELLTENDMLPNMRIGALGFSGAFEDRDPTQFEERHLKFLQQLGKGNFGSVEMCRYDPLQDNTGEVVAVKKLQHSTEEHLRDFEREIEILKSLQHDNIVKYKGVCYSAGRRNLKLIMEYLPYGSLRDYLQKHKERIDHIKLLQYTSQICKGMEYLGTKRYIHRDLATRNILVENENRVKIGDFGLTKVLPQDKEYYKVKEPGESPIFWYAPESLTESKFSVASDVWSFGVVLYELFTYIEKSKSPPAEFMRMIGNDKQGQMIVFHLIELLKNNGRLPRPDGCPDEIYMIMTECWNNNVNQRPSFRDLALRVDQIRDNMAG protein kinase superfamily; Tyr protein kinase family; JAK subfamily Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, differentiation or histone modifications. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors such as growth hormone (GHR), prolactin (PRLR), leptin (LEPR), erythropoietin (EPOR), thrombopoietin (THPO); or type II receptors including IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma and multiple interleukins. Following ligand-binding to cell surface receptors, phosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on the cytoplasmic tails of the receptor, creating docking sites for STATs proteins. Subsequently, phosphorylates the STATs proteins once they are recruited to the receptor. Phosphorylated STATs then form homodimer or heterodimers and translocate to the nucleus to activate gene transcription. For example, cell stimulation with erythropoietin (EPO) during erythropoiesis leads to JAK2 autophosphorylation, activation, and its association with erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) that becomes phosphorylated in its cytoplasmic domain. Then, STAT5 (STAT5A or STAT5B) is recruited, phosphorylated and activated by JAK2. Once activated, dimerized STAT5 translocates into the nucleus and promotes the transcription of several essential genes involved in the modulation of erythropoiesis. Part of a signaling cascade that is activated by increased cellular retinol and that leads to the activation of STAT5 (STAT5A or STAT5B). In addition, JAK2 mediates angiotensin-2-induced ARHGEF1 phosphorylation. Plays a role in cell cycle by phosphorylating CDKN1B. Cooperates with TEC through reciprocal phosphorylation to mediate cytokine-driven activation of FOS transcription. In the nucleus, plays a key role in chromatin by specifically mediating phosphorylation of 'Tyr-41' of histone H3 (H3Y41ph), a specific tag that promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin. M6ATAR00300 Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 (JAK3) Janus kinase 3; JAK-3; Leukocyte janus kinase; L-JAK JAK3_HUMAN hsa:3718 HGNC:6193 . ENSG00000105639 3718 JAK3 Protein coding 19p13.11 MAPPSEETPLIPQRSCSLLSTEAGALHVLLPARGPGPPQRLSFSFGDHLAEDLCVQAAKASGILPVYHSLFALATEDLSCWFPPSHIFSVEDASTQVLLYRIRFYFPNWFGLEKCHRFGLRKDLASAILDLPVLEHLFAQHRSDLVSGRLPVGLSLKEQGECLSLAVLDLARMAREQAQRPGELLKTVSYKACLPPSLRDLIQGLSFVTRRRIRRTVRRALRRVAACQADRHSLMAKYIMDLERLDPAGAAETFHVGLPGALGGHDGLGLLRVAGDGGIAWTQGEQEVLQPFCDFPEIVDISIKQAPRVGPAGEHRLVTVTRTDNQILEAEFPGLPEALSFVALVDGYFRLTTDSQHFFCKEVAPPRLLEEVAEQCHGPITLDFAINKLKTGGSRPGSYVLRRSPQDFDSFLLTVCVQNPLGPDYKGCLIRRSPTGTFLLVGLSRPHSSLRELLATCWDGGLHVDGVAVTLTSCCIPRPKEKSNLIVVQRGHSPPTSSLVQPQSQYQLSQMTFHKIPADSLEWHENLGHGSFTKIYRGCRHEVVDGEARKTEVLLKVMDAKHKNCMESFLEAASLMSQVSYRHLVLLHGVCMAGDSTMVQEFVHLGAIDMYLRKRGHLVPASWKLQVVKQLAYALNYLEDKGLPHGNVSARKVLLAREGADGSPPFIKLSDPGVSPAVLSLEMLTDRIPWVAPECLREAQTLSLEADKWGFGATVWEVFSGVTMPISALDPAKKLQFYEDRQQLPAPKWTELALLIQQCMAYEPVQRPSFRAVIRDLNSLISSDYELLSDPTPGALAPRDGLWNGAQLYACQDPTIFEERHLKYISQLGKGNFGSVELCRYDPLGDNTGALVAVKQLQHSGPDQQRDFQREIQILKALHSDFIVKYRGVSYGPGRQSLRLVMEYLPSGCLRDFLQRHRARLDASRLLLYSSQICKGMEYLGSRRCVHRDLAARNILVESEAHVKIADFGLAKLLPLDKDYYVVREPGQSPIFWYAPESLSDNIFSRQSDVWSFGVVLYELFTYCDKSCSPSAEFLRMMGCERDVPALCRLLELLEEGQRLPAPPACPAEVHELMKLCWAPSPQDRPSFSALGPQLDMLWSGSRGCETHAFTAHPEGKHHSLSFS protein kinase superfamily; Tyr protein kinase family; JAK subfamily Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, or differentiation. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity and plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis during T-cells development. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors sharing the common subunit gamma such as IL2R, IL4R, IL7R, IL9R, IL15R and IL21R. Following ligand binding to cell surface receptors, phosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on the cytoplasmic tails of the receptor, creating docking sites for STATs proteins. Subsequently, phosphorylates the STATs proteins once they are recruited to the receptor. Phosphorylated STATs then form homodimer or heterodimers and translocate to the nucleus to activate gene transcription. For example, upon IL2R activation by IL2, JAK1 and JAK3 molecules bind to IL2R beta (IL2RB) and gamma chain (IL2RG) subunits inducing the tyrosine phosphorylation of both receptor subunits on their cytoplasmic domain. Then, STAT5A AND STAT5B are recruited, phosphorylated and activated by JAK1 and JAK3. Once activated, dimerized STAT5 translocates to the nucleus and promotes the transcription of specific target genes in a cytokine-specific fashion. M6ATAR00686 Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Tie-1 (TIE1) . TIE1_HUMAN hsa:7075 HGNC:11809 . ENSG00000066056 7075 TIE1 Protein coding 1p34.2 MVWRVPPFLLPILFLASHVGAAVDLTLLANLRLTDPQRFFLTCVSGEAGAGRGSDAWGPPLLLEKDDRIVRTPPGPPLRLARNGSHQVTLRGFSKPSDLVGVFSCVGGAGARRTRVIYVHNSPGAHLLPDKVTHTVNKGDTAVLSARVHKEKQTDVIWKSNGSYFYTLDWHEAQDGRFLLQLPNVQPPSSGIYSATYLEASPLGSAFFRLIVRGCGAGRWGPGCTKECPGCLHGGVCHDHDGECVCPPGFTGTRCEQACREGRFGQSCQEQCPGISGCRGLTFCLPDPYGCSCGSGWRGSQCQEACAPGHFGADCRLQCQCQNGGTCDRFSGCVCPSGWHGVHCEKSDRIPQILNMASELEFNLETMPRINCAAAGNPFPVRGSIELRKPDGTVLLSTKAIVEPEKTTAEFEVPRLVLADSGFWECRVSTSGGQDSRRFKVNVKVPPVPLAAPRLLTKQSRQLVVSPLVSFSGDGPISTVRLHYRPQDSTMDWSTIVVDPSENVTLMNLRPKTGYSVRVQLSRPGEGGEGAWGPPTLMTTDCPEPLLQPWLEGWHVEGTDRLRVSWSLPLVPGPLVGDGFLLRLWDGTRGQERRENVSSPQARTALLTGLTPGTHYQLDVQLYHCTLLGPASPPAHVLLPPSGPPAPRHLHAQALSDSEIQLTWKHPEALPGPISKYVVEVQVAGGAGDPLWIDVDRPEETSTIIRGLNASTRYLFRMRASIQGLGDWSNTVEESTLGNGLQAEGPVQESRAAEEGLDQQLILAVVGSVSATCLTILAALLTLVCIRRSCLHRRRTFTYQSGSGEETILQFSSGTLTLTRRPKLQPEPLSYPVLEWEDITFEDLIGEGNFGQVIRAMIKKDGLKMNAAIKMLKEYASENDHRDFAGELEVLCKLGHHPNIINLLGACKNRGYLYIAIEYAPYGNLLDFLRKSRVLETDPAFAREHGTASTLSSRQLLRFASDAANGMQYLSEKQFIHRDLAARNVLVGENLASKIADFGLSRGEEVYVKKTMGRLPVRWMAIESLNYSVYTTKSDVWSFGVLLWEIVSLGGTPYCGMTCAELYEKLPQGYRMEQPRNCDDEVYELMRQCWRDRPYERPPFAQIALQLGRMLEARKAYVNMSLFENFTYAGIDATAEEA Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Tie subfamily Transmembrane tyrosine-protein kinase that may modulate TEK/TIE2 activity and contribute to the regulation of angiogenesis. M6ATAR00443 Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL) AXL oncogene; UFO UFO_HUMAN hsa:558 HGNC:905 . ENSG00000167601 558 AXL Protein coding 19q13.2 MAWRCPRMGRVPLAWCLALCGWACMAPRGTQAEESPFVGNPGNITGARGLTGTLRCQLQVQGEPPEVHWLRDGQILELADSTQTQVPLGEDEQDDWIVVSQLRITSLQLSDTGQYQCLVFLGHQTFVSQPGYVGLEGLPYFLEEPEDRTVAANTPFNLSCQAQGPPEPVDLLWLQDAVPLATAPGHGPQRSLHVPGLNKTSSFSCEAHNAKGVTTSRTATITVLPQQPRNLHLVSRQPTELEVAWTPGLSGIYPLTHCTLQAVLSDDGMGIQAGEPDPPEEPLTSQASVPPHQLRLGSLHPHTPYHIRVACTSSQGPSSWTHWLPVETPEGVPLGPPENISATRNGSQAFVHWQEPRAPLQGTLLGYRLAYQGQDTPEVLMDIGLRQEVTLELQGDGSVSNLTVCVAAYTAAGDGPWSLPVPLEAWRPGQAQPVHQLVKEPSTPAFSWPWWYVLLGAVVAAACVLILALFLVHRRKKETRYGEVFEPTVERGELVVRYRVRKSYSRRTTEATLNSLGISEELKEKLRDVMVDRHKVALGKTLGEGEFGAVMEGQLNQDDSILKVAVKTMKIAICTRSELEDFLSEAVCMKEFDHPNVMRLIGVCFQGSERESFPAPVVILPFMKHGDLHSFLLYSRLGDQPVYLPTQMLVKFMADIASGMEYLSTKRFIHRDLAARNCMLNENMSVCVADFGLSKKIYNGDYYRQGRIAKMPVKWIAIESLADRVYTSKSDVWSFGVTMWEIATRGQTPYPGVENSEIYDYLRQGNRLKQPADCLDGLYALMSRCWELNPQDRPSFTELREDLENTLKALPPAQEPDEILYVNMDEGGGYPEPPGAAGGADPPTQPDPKDSCSCLTAAEVHPAGRYVLCPSTTPSPAQPADRGSPAAPGQEDGA protein kinase superfamily; Tyr protein kinase family; AXL/UFO subfamily Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding growth factor GAS6 and which is thus regulating many physiological processes including cell survival, cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of AXL. Following activation by ligand, AXL binds and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of PI3-kinase subunits PIK3R1, PIK3R2 and PIK3R3; but also GRB2, PLCG1, LCK and PTPN11. Other downstream substrate candidates for AXL are CBL, NCK2, SOCS1 and TNS2. Recruitment of GRB2 and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase regulatory subunits by AXL leads to the downstream activation of the AKT kinase. GAS6/AXL signaling plays a role in various processes such as endothelial cell survival during acidification by preventing apoptosis, optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development, hepatic regeneration, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and migration, platelet activation, or regulation of thrombotic responses. Plays also an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for lassa virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, possibly through GAS6 binding to phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion envelope; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Ebolavirus, possibly through GAS6 binding to phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion envelope; (Microbial infection) Promotes Zika virus entry in glial cells, Sertoli cells and astrocyte. Additionally, Zika virus potentiates AXL kinase activity to antagonize type I interferon signaling and thereby promotes infection. Interferon signaling inhibition occurs via an SOCS1-dependent mechanism M6ATAR00639 Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6 (PTPN6) Hematopoietic cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase; Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1C; PTP-1C; Protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1; SH-PTP1 PTN6_HUMAN hsa:5777 HGNC:9658 . ENSG00000111679 5777 PTPN6 Protein coding 12p13.31 MVRWFHRDLSGLDAETLLKGRGVHGSFLARPSRKNQGDFSLSVRVGDQVTHIRIQNSGDFYDLYGGEKFATLTELVEYYTQQQGVLQDRDGTIIHLKYPLNCSDPTSERWYHGHMSGGQAETLLQAKGEPWTFLVRESLSQPGDFVLSVLSDQPKAGPGSPLRVTHIKVMCEGGRYTVGGLETFDSLTDLVEHFKKTGIEEASGAFVYLRQPYYATRVNAADIENRVLELNKKQESEDTAKAGFWEEFESLQKQEVKNLHQRLEGQRPENKGKNRYKNILPFDHSRVILQGRDSNIPGSDYINANYIKNQLLGPDENAKTYIASQGCLEATVNDFWQMAWQENSRVIVMTTREVEKGRNKCVPYWPEVGMQRAYGPYSVTNCGEHDTTEYKLRTLQVSPLDNGDLIREIWHYQYLSWPDHGVPSEPGGVLSFLDQINQRQESLPHAGPIIVHCSAGIGRTGTIIVIDMLMENISTKGLDCDIDIQKTIQMVRAQRSGMVQTEAQYKFIYVAIAQFIETTKKKLEVLQSQKGQESEYGNITYPPAMKNAHAKASRTSSKHKEDVYENLHTKNKREEKVKKQRSADKEKSKGSLKRK Protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, Non-receptor class 2 subfamily Modulates signaling by tyrosine phosphorylated cell surface receptors such as KIT and the EGF receptor/EGFR. The SH2 regions may interact with other cellular components to modulate its own phosphatase activity against interacting substrates. Together with MTUS1, induces UBE2V2 expression upon angiotensin II stimulation. Plays a key role in hematopoiesis. M6ATAR00149 U4/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Prp31 (PRPF31/RP11) PRPF31; RP11; PRP31 pre-mRNA processing factor 31 homolog (yeast); PRP31 pre-mRNA processing factor 31 homolog (S. cerevisiae); NY-BR-99; PRP31; hPrp31; SNRNP61; U4/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Prp31 PRP31_HUMAN hsa:26121 HGNC:15446 . ENSG00000105618 26121 PRPF31 Protein coding 19q13.42 MSLADELLADLEEAAEEEEGGSYGEEEEEPAIEDVQEETQLDLSGDSVKTIAKLWDSKMFAEIMMKIEEYISKQAKASEVMGPVEAAPEYRVIVDANNLTVEIENELNIIHKFIRDKYSKRFPELESLVPNALDYIRTVKELGNSLDKCKNNENLQQILTNATIMVVSVTASTTQGQQLSEEELERLEEACDMALELNASKHRIYEYVESRMSFIAPNLSIIIGASTAAKIMGVAGGLTNLSKMPACNIMLLGAQRKTLSGFSSTSVLPHTGYIYHSDIVQSLPPDLRRKAARLVAAKCTLAARVDSFHESTEGKVGYELKDEIERKFDKWQEPPPVKQVKPLPAPLDGQRKKRGGRRYRKMKERLGLTEIRKQANRMSFGEIEEDAYQEDLGFSLGHLGKSGSGRVRQTQVNEATKARISKTLQRTLQKQSVVYGGKSTIRDRSSGTASSVAFTPLQGLEIVNPQAAEKKVAEANQKYFSSMAEFLKVKGEKSGLMST PRP31 family Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Required for the assembly of the U4/U5/U6 tri-snRNP complex, one of the building blocks of the spliceosome. M6ATAR00084 UBA6 divergent transcript (UBA6-DT/UBA6-AS1) UBA6-DT; UBA6-AS1; UBA6 antisense RNA 1 (head to head); LOC550112 . . HGNC:49083 . ENSG00000248049 550112 UBA6-DT LncRNA 4q13.2 . Divergent transcripts . M6ATAR00442 Ubiquilin-4 (UBQLN4) Ataxin-1 interacting ubiquitin-like protein; A1Up; Ataxin-1 ubiquitin-like-interacting protein A1U; Connexin43-interacting protein of 75 kDa; CIP75; C1orf6; CIP75; UBIN UBQL4_HUMAN hsa:56893 HGNC:1237 . ENSG00000160803 56893 UBQLN4 Protein coding 1q22 MAEPSGAETRPPIRVTVKTPKDKEEIVICDRASVKEFKEEISRRFKAQQDQLVLIFAGKILKDGDTLNQHGIKDGLTVHLVIKTPQKAQDPAAATASSPSTPDPASAPSTTPASPATPAQPSTSGSASSDAGSGSRRSSGGGPSPGAGEGSPSATASILSGFGGILGLGSLGLGSANFMELQQQMQRQLMSNPEMLSQIMENPLVQDMMSNPDLMRHMIMANPQMQQLMERNPEISHMLNNPELMRQTMELARNPAMMQEMMRNQDRALSNLESIPGGYNALRRMYTDIQEPMFSAAREQFGNNPFSSLAGNSDSSSSQPLRTENREPLPNPWSPSPPTSQAPGSGGEGTGGSGTSQVHPTVSNPFGINAASLGSGMFNSPEMQALLQQISENPQLMQNVISAPYMRSMMQTLAQNPDFAAQMMVNVPLFAGNPQLQEQLRLQLPVFLQQMQNPESLSILTNPRAMQALLQIQQGLQTLQTEAPGLVPSLGSFGISRTPAPSAGSNAGSTPEAPTSSPATPATSSPTGASSAQQQLMQQMIQLLAGSGNSQVQTPEVRFQQQLEQLNSMGFINREANLQALIATGGDINAAIERLLGSQLS . Regulator of protein degradation that mediates the proteasomal targeting of misfolded, mislocalized or accumulated proteins. Acts by binding polyubiquitin chains of target proteins via its UBA domain and by interacting with subunits of the proteasome via its ubiquitin-like domain. Key regulator of DNA repair that represses homologous recombination repair: in response to DNA damage, recruited to sites of DNA damage following phosphorylation by ATM and acts by binding and removing ubiquitinated MRE11 from damaged chromatin, leading to MRE11 degradation by the proteasome. MRE11 degradation prevents homologous recombination repair, redirecting double-strand break repair toward non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Specifically recognizes and binds mislocalized transmembrane-containing proteins and targets them to proteasomal degradation. Collaborates with DESI1/POST in the export of ubiquitinated proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Also plays a role in the regulation of the proteasomal degradation of non-ubiquitinated GJA1 (By similarity). Acts as an adapter protein that recruits UBQLN1 to the autophagy machinery. Mediates the association of UBQLN1 with autophagosomes and the autophagy-related protein LC3 (MAP1LC3A/B/C) and may assist in the maturation of autophagosomes to autolysosomes by mediating autophagosome-lysosome fusion. M6ATAR00438 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1 (USP1) Deubiquitinating enzyme 1; hUBP; Ubiquitin thioesterase 1; Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 1 UBP1_HUMAN hsa:7398 HGNC:12607 . ENSG00000162607 7398 USP1 Protein coding 1p31.3 MPGVIPSESNGLSRGSPSKKNRLSLKFFQKKETKRALDFTDSQENEEKASEYRASEIDQVVPAAQSSPINCEKRENLLPFVGLNNLGNTCYLNSILQVLYFCPGFKSGVKHLFNIISRKKEALKDEANQKDKGNCKEDSLASYELICSLQSLIISVEQLQASFLLNPEKYTDELATQPRRLLNTLRELNPMYEGYLQHDAQEVLQCILGNIQETCQLLKKEEVKNVAELPTKVEEIPHPKEEMNGINSIEMDSMRHSEDFKEKLPKGNGKRKSDTEFGNMKKKVKLSKEHQSLEENQRQTRSKRKATSDTLESPPKIIPKYISENESPRPSQKKSRVKINWLKSATKQPSILSKFCSLGKITTNQGVKGQSKENECDPEEDLGKCESDNTTNGCGLESPGNTVTPVNVNEVKPINKGEEQIGFELVEKLFQGQLVLRTRCLECESLTERREDFQDISVPVQEDELSKVEESSEISPEPKTEMKTLRWAISQFASVERIVGEDKYFCENCHHYTEAERSLLFDKMPEVITIHLKCFAASGLEFDCYGGGLSKINTPLLTPLKLSLEEWSTKPTNDSYGLFAVVMHSGITISSGHYTASVKVTDLNSLELDKGNFVVDQMCEIGKPEPLNEEEARGVVENYNDEEVSIRVGGNTQPSKVLNKKNVEAIGLLGGQKSKADYELYNKASNPDKVASTAFAENRNSETSDTTGTHESDRNKESSDQTGINISGFENKISYVVQSLKEYEGKWLLFDDSEVKVTEEKDFLNSLSPSTSPTSTPYLLFYKKL peptidase C19 family Negative regulator of DNA damage repair which specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated FANCD2. Also involved in PCNA-mediated translesion synthesis (TLS) by deubiquitinating monoubiquitinated PCNA . Has almost no deubiquitinating activity by itself and requires the interaction with WDR48 to have a high activity. M6ATAR00439 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 14 (USP14) Deubiquitinating enzyme 14; Ubiquitin thioesterase 14; Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 14; TGT UBP14_HUMAN hsa:9097 HGNC:12612 . ENSG00000101557 9097 USP14 Protein coding 18p11.32 MPLYSVTVKWGKEKFEGVELNTDEPPMVFKAQLFALTGVQPARQKVMVKGGTLKDDDWGNIKIKNGMTLLMMGSADALPEEPSAKTVFVEDMTEEQLASAMELPCGLTNLGNTCYMNATVQCIRSVPELKDALKRYAGALRASGEMASAQYITAALRDLFDSMDKTSSSIPPIILLQFLHMAFPQFAEKGEQGQYLQQDANECWIQMMRVLQQKLEAIEDDSVKETDSSSASAATPSKKKSLIDQFFGVEFETTMKCTESEEEEVTKGKENQLQLSCFINQEVKYLFTGLKLRLQEEITKQSPTLQRNALYIKSSKISRLPAYLTIQMVRFFYKEKESVNAKVLKDVKFPLMLDMYELCTPELQEKMVSFRSKFKDLEDKKVNQQPNTSDKKSSPQKEVKYEPFSFADDIGSNNCGYYDLQAVLTHQGRSSSSGHYVSWVKRKQDEWIKFDDDKVSIVTPEDILRLSGGGDWHIAYVLLYGPRRVEIMEEESEQ peptidase C19 family; USP14/UBP6 subfamily Proteasome-associated deubiquitinase which releases ubiquitin from the proteasome targeted ubiquitinated proteins. Ensures the regeneration of ubiquitin at the proteasome. Is a reversibly associated subunit of the proteasome and a large fraction of proteasome-free protein exists within the cell. Required for the degradation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 which is critical for CXCL12-induced cell chemotaxis . Serves also as a physiological inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) under the non-stressed condition by inhibiting the degradation of unfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins via interaction with ERN1. Indispensable for synaptic development and function at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) (By similarity). Plays a role in the innate immune defense against viruses by stabilizing the viral DNA sensor CGAS and thus inhibiting its autophagic degradation. M6ATAR00501 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 22 (USP22) Deubiquitinating enzyme 22; Ubiquitin thioesterase 22; Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 22 UBP22_HUMAN hsa:23326 HGNC:12621 . ENSG00000124422 23326 USP22 Protein coding 17p11.2 MVSRPEPEGEAMDAELAVAPPGCSHLGSFKVDNWKQNLRAIYQCFVWSGTAEARKRKAKSCICHVCGVHLNRLHSCLYCVFFGCFTKKHIHEHAKAKRHNLAIDLMYGGIYCFLCQDYIYDKDMEIIAKEEQRKAWKMQGVGEKFSTWEPTKRELELLKHNPKRRKITSNCTIGLRGLINLGNTCFMNCIVQALTHTPLLRDFFLSDRHRCEMQSPSSCLVCEMSSLFQEFYSGHRSPHIPYKLLHLVWTHARHLAGYEQQDAHEFLIAALDVLHRHCKGDDNGKKANNPNHCNCIIDQIFTGGLQSDVTCQVCHGVSTTIDPFWDISLDLPGSSTPFWPLSPGSEGNVVNGESHVSGTTTLTDCLRRFTRPEHLGSSAKIKCSGCHSYQESTKQLTMKKLPIVACFHLKRFEHSAKLRRKITTYVSFPLELDMTPFMASSKESRMNGQYQQPTDSLNNDNKYSLFAVVNHQGTLESGHYTSFIRQHKDQWFKCDDAIITKASIKDVLDSEGYLLFYHKQFLEYE Peptidase C19 family, UBP8 subfamily Histone deubiquitinating component of the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex SAGA. Catalyzes the deubiquitination of both histones H2A and H2B, thereby acting as a coactivator. Recruited to specific gene promoters by activators such as MYC, where it is required for transcription. Required for nuclear receptor-mediated transactivation and cell cycle progression. M6ATAR00668 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 4 (USP4) Deubiquitinating enzyme 4; Ubiquitin thioesterase 4; Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 4; Ubiquitous nuclear protein homolog UBP4_HUMAN hsa:7375 HGNC:12627 . ENSG00000114316 7375 USP4 Protein coding 3p21.31 MAEGGGCRERPDAETQKSELGPLMRTTLQRGAQWYLIDSRWFKQWKKYVGFDSWDMYNVGEHNLFPGPIDNSGLFSDPESQTLKEHLIDELDYVLVPTEAWNKLLNWYGCVEGQQPIVRKVVEHGLFVKHCKVEVYLLELKLCENSDPTNVLSCHFSKADTIATIEKEMRKLFNIPAERETRLWNKYMSNTYEQLSKLDNTVQDAGLYQGQVLVIEPQNEDGTWPRQTLQSKSSTAPSRNFTTSPKSSASPYSSVSASLIANGDSTSTCGMHSSGVSRGGSGFSASYNCQEPPSSHIQPGLCGLGNLGNTCFMNSALQCLSNTAPLTDYFLKDEYEAEINRDNPLGMKGEIAEAYAELIKQMWSGRDAHVAPRMFKTQVGRFAPQFSGYQQQDSQELLAFLLDGLHEDLNRVKKKPYLELKDANGRPDAVVAKEAWENHRLRNDSVIVDTFHGLFKSTLVCPECAKVSVTFDPFCYLTLPLPLKKDRVMEVFLVPADPHCRPTQYRVTVPLMGAVSDLCEALSRLSGIAAENMVVADVYNHRFHKIFQMDEGLNHIMPRDDIFVYEVCSTSVDGSECVTLPVYFRERKSRPSSTSSASALYGQPLLLSVPKHKLTLESLYQAVCDRISRYVKQPLPDEFGSSPLEPGACNGSRNSCEGEDEEEMEHQEEGKEQLSETEGSGEDEPGNDPSETTQKKIKGQPCPKRLFTFSLVNSYGTADINSLAADGKLLKLNSRSTLAMDWDSETRRLYYDEQESEAYEKHVSMLQPQKKKKTTVALRDCIELFTTMETLGEHDPWYCPNCKKHQQATKKFDLWSLPKILVVHLKRFSYNRYWRDKLDTVVEFPIRGLNMSEFVCNLSARPYVYDLIAVSNHYGAMGVGHYTAYAKNKLNGKWYYFDDSNVSLASEDQIVTKAAYVLFYQRRDDEFYKTPSLSSSGSSDGGTRPSSSQQGFGDDEACSMDTN Peptidase C19 family, USP4 subfamily Deubiquitinates PDPK1. Deubiquitinates TRIM21. Deubiquitinates receptor ADORA2A which increases the amount of functional receptor at the cell surface. Deubiquitinates HAS2. May regulate mRNA splicing through deubiquitination of the U4 spliceosomal protein PRPF3. This may prevent its recognition by the U5 component PRPF8 thereby destabilizing interactions within the U4/U6.U5 snRNP. May also play a role in the regulation of quality control in the ER. M6ATAR00440 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 48 (USP48) Deubiquitinating enzyme 48; Ubiquitin thioesterase 48; Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 48; Ubiquitin-specific protease 48; Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 48; USP31 UBP48_HUMAN hsa:84196 HGNC:18533 . ENSG00000090686 84196 USP48 Protein coding 1p36.12 MAPRLQLEKAAWRWAETVRPEEVSQEHIETAYRIWLEPCIRGVCRRNCKGNPNCLVGIGEHIWLGEIDENSFHNIDDPNCERRKKNSFVGLTNLGATCYVNTFLQVWFLNLELRQALYLCPSTCSDYMLGDGIQEEKDYEPQTICEHLQYLFALLQNSNRRYIDPSGFVKALGLDTGQQQDAQEFSKLFMSLLEDTLSKQKNPDVRNIVQQQFCGEYAYVTVCNQCGRESKLLSKFYELELNIQGHKQLTDCISEFLKEEKLEGDNRYFCENCQSKQNATRKIRLLSLPCTLNLQLMRFVFDRQTGHKKKLNTYIGFSEILDMEPYVEHKGGSYVYELSAVLIHRGVSAYSGHYIAHVKDPQSGEWYKFNDEDIEKMEGKKLQLGIEEDLAEPSKSQTRKPKCGKGTHCSRNAYMLVYRLQTQEKPNTTVQVPAFLQELVDRDNSKFEEWCIEMAEMRKQSVDKGKAKHEEVKELYQRLPAGAEPYEFVSLEWLQKWLDESTPTKPIDNHACLCSHDKLHPDKISIMKRISEYAADIFYSRYGGGPRLTVKALCKECVVERCRILRLKNQLNEDYKTVNNLLKAAVKGSDGFWVGKSSLRSWRQLALEQLDEQDGDAEQSNGKMNGSTLNKDESKEERKEEEELNFNEDILCPHGELCISENERRLVSKEAWSKLQQYFPKAPEFPSYKECCSQCKILEREGEENEALHKMIANEQKTSLPNLFQDKNRPCLSNWPEDTDVLYIVSQFFVEEWRKFVRKPTRCSPVSSVGNSALLCPHGGLMFTFASMTKEDSKLIALIWPSEWQMIQKLFVVDHVIKITRIEVGDVNPSETQYISEPKLCPECREGLLCQQQRDLREYTQATIYVHKVVDNKKVMKDSAPELNVSSSETEEDKEEAKPDGEKDPDFNQSNGGTKRQKISHQNYIAYQKQVIRRSMRHRKVRGEKALLVSANQTLKELKIQIMHAFSVAPFDQNLSIDGKILSDDCATLGTLGVIPESVILLKADEPIADYAAMDDVMQVCMPEEGFKGTGLLGH peptidase C19 family Recognizes and hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin. Involved in the processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors as well as that of ubiquitinated proteins. May be involved in the regulation of NF-kappa-B activation by TNF receptor superfamily via its interactions with RELA and TRAF2. May also play a regulatory role at postsynaptic sites. M6ATAR00441 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7 (USP7) Deubiquitinating enzyme 7; Herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease; Ubiquitin thioesterase 7; Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 7; HAUSP UBP7_HUMAN hsa:7874 HGNC:12630 . ENSG00000187555 7874 USP7 Protein coding 16p13.2 MNHQQQQQQQKAGEQQLSEPEDMEMEAGDTDDPPRITQNPVINGNVALSDGHNTAEEDMEDDTSWRSEATFQFTVERFSRLSESVLSPPCFVRNLPWKIMVMPRFYPDRPHQKSVGFFLQCNAESDSTSWSCHAQAVLKIINYRDDEKSFSRRISHLFFHKENDWGFSNFMAWSEVTDPEKGFIDDDKVTFEVFVQADAPHGVAWDSKKHTGYVGLKNQGATCYMNSLLQTLFFTNQLRKAVYMMPTEGDDSSKSVPLALQRVFYELQHSDKPVGTKKLTKSFGWETLDSFMQHDVQELCRVLLDNVENKMKGTCVEGTIPKLFRGKMVSYIQCKEVDYRSDRREDYYDIQLSIKGKKNIFESFVDYVAVEQLDGDNKYDAGEHGLQEAEKGVKFLTLPPVLHLQLMRFMYDPQTDQNIKINDRFEFPEQLPLDEFLQKTDPKDPANYILHAVLVHSGDNHGGHYVVYLNPKGDGKWCKFDDDVVSRCTKEEAIEHNYGGHDDDLSVRHCTNAYMLVYIRESKLSEVLQAVTDHDIPQQLVERLQEEKRIEAQKRKERQEAHLYMQVQIVAEDQFCGHQGNDMYDEEKVKYTVFKVLKNSSLAEFVQSLSQTMGFPQDQIRLWPMQARSNGTKRPAMLDNEADGNKTMIELSDNENPWTIFLETVDPELAASGATLPKFDKDHDVMLFLKMYDPKTRSLNYCGHIYTPISCKIRDLLPVMCDRAGFIQDTSLILYEEVKPNLTERIQDYDVSLDKALDELMDGDIIVFQKDDPENDNSELPTAKEYFRDLYHRVDVIFCDKTIPNDPGFVVTLSNRMNYFQVAKTVAQRLNTDPMLLQFFKSQGYRDGPGNPLRHNYEGTLRDLLQFFKPRQPKKLYYQQLKMKITDFENRRSFKCIWLNSQFREEEITLYPDKHGCVRDLLEECKKAVELGEKASGKLRLLEIVSYKIIGVHQEDELLECLSPATSRTFRIEEIPLDQVDIDKENEMLVTVAHFHKEVFGTFGIPFLLRIHQGEHFREVMKRIQSLLDIQEKEFEKFKFAIVMMGRHQYINEDEYEVNLKDFEPQPGNMSHPRPWLGLDHFNKAPKRSRYTYLEKAIKIHN peptidase C19 family Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins such as FOXO4, KAT5, p53/TP53, MDM2, ERCC6, DNMT1, UHRF1, PTEN, KMT2E/MLL5 and DAXX. Together with DAXX, prevents MDM2 self-ubiquitination and enhances the E3 ligase activity of MDM2 towards p53/TP53, thereby promoting p53/TP53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Deubiquitinates p53/TP53, preventing degradation of p53/TP53, and enhances p53/TP53-dependent transcription regulation, cell growth repression and apoptosis. Deubiquitinates p53/TP53 and MDM2 and strongly stabilizes p53/TP53 even in the presence of excess MDM2, and also induces p53/TP53-dependent cell growth repression and apoptosis. Deubiquitination of FOXO4 in presence of hydrogen peroxide is not dependent on p53/TP53 and inhibits FOXO4-induced transcriptional activity. In association with DAXX, is involved in the deubiquitination and translocation of PTEN from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, both processes that are counteracted by PML. Deubiquitinates KMT2E/MLL5 preventing KMT2E/MLL5 proteasomal-mediated degradation. Involved in cell proliferation during early embryonic development. Involved in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) in response to UV damage: recruited to DNA damage sites following interaction with KIAA1530/UVSSA and promotes deubiquitination of ERCC6, preventing UV-induced degradation of ERCC6. Involved in maintenance of DNA methylation via its interaction with UHRF1 and DNMT1: acts by mediating deubiquitination of UHRF1 and DNMT1, preventing their degradation and promoting DNA methylation by DNMT1. Deubiquitinates alkylation repair enzyme ALKBH3. OTUD4 recruits USP7 and USP9X to stabilize ALKBH3, thereby promoting the repair of alkylated DNA lesions. Acts as a chromatin regulator via its association with the Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex; may act by deubiquitinating components of the PRC1-like complex. Able to mediate deubiquitination of histone H2B; it is however unsure whether this activity takes place in vivo. Exhibits a preference towards 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chains. Increases regulatory T-cells (Treg) suppressive capacity by deubiquitinating and stabilizing the transcription factor FOXP3 which is crucial for Treg cell function. Plays a role in the maintenance of the circadian clock periodicity via deubiquitination and stabilization of the CRY1 and CRY2 proteins. Deubiquitinates REST, thereby stabilizing REST and promoting the maintenance of neural progenitor cells. Deubiquitinates SIRT7, inhibiting SIRT7 histone deacetylase activity and regulating gluconeogenesis.; (Microbial infection) Contributes to the overall stabilization and trans-activation capability of the herpesvirus 1 trans-acting transcriptional protein ICP0/VMW110 during HSV-1 infection. M6ATAR00640 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD (CYLD) Deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD; Ubiquitin thioesterase CYLD; Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease CYLD CYLD_HUMAN hsa:1540 HGNC:2584 . ENSG00000083799 1540 CYLD Protein coding 16q12.1 MSSGLWSQEKVTSPYWEERIFYLLLQECSVTDKQTQKLLKVPKGSIGQYIQDRSVGHSRIPSAKGKKNQIGLKILEQPHAVLFVDEKDVVEINEKFTELLLAITNCEERFSLFKNRNRLSKGLQIDVGCPVKVQLRSGEEKFPGVVRFRGPLLAERTVSGIFFGVELLEEGRGQGFTDGVYQGKQLFQCDEDCGVFVALDKLELIEDDDTALESDYAGPGDTMQVELPPLEINSRVSLKVGETIESGTVIFCDVLPGKESLGYFVGVDMDNPIGNWDGRFDGVQLCSFACVESTILLHINDIIPALSESVTQERRPPKLAFMSRGVGDKGSSSHNKPKATGSTSDPGNRNRSELFYTLNGSSVDSQPQSKSKNTWYIDEVAEDPAKSLTEISTDFDRSSPPLQPPPVNSLTTENRFHSLPFSLTKMPNTNGSIGHSPLSLSAQSVMEELNTAPVQESPPLAMPPGNSHGLEVGSLAEVKENPPFYGVIRWIGQPPGLNEVLAGLELEDECAGCTDGTFRGTRYFTCALKKALFVKLKSCRPDSRFASLQPVSNQIERCNSLAFGGYLSEVVEENTPPKMEKEGLEIMIGKKKGIQGHYNSCYLDSTLFCLFAFSSVLDTVLLRPKEKNDVEYYSETQELLRTEIVNPLRIYGYVCATKIMKLRKILEKVEAASGFTSEEKDPEEFLNILFHHILRVEPLLKIRSAGQKVQDCYFYQIFMEKNEKVGVPTIQQLLEWSFINSNLKFAEAPSCLIIQMPRFGKDFKLFKKIFPSLELNITDLLEDTPRQCRICGGLAMYECRECYDDPDISAGKIKQFCKTCNTQVHLHPKRLNHKYNPVSLPKDLPDWDWRHGCIPCQNMELFAVLCIETSHYVAFVKYGKDDSAWLFFDSMADRDGGQNGFNIPQVTPCPEVGEYLKMSLEDLHSLDSRRIQGCARRLLCDAYMCMYQSPTMSLYK Peptidase C19 family Deubiquitinase that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'- and linear 'Met-1'-linked polyubiquitin chains and is involved in NF-kappa-B activation and TNF-alpha-induced necroptosis. Negatively regulates NF-kappa-B activation by deubiquitinating upstream signaling factors. Contributes to the regulation of cell survival, proliferation and differentiation via its effects on NF-kappa-B activation. Negative regulator of Wnt signaling . Inhibits HDAC6 and thereby promotes acetylation of alpha-tubulin and stabilization of microtubules. Plays a role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics, and thereby contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation, cell polarization, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Required for normal cell cycle progress and normal cytokinesis . Inhibits nuclear translocation of NF-kappa-B. Plays a role in the regulation of inflammation and the innate immune response, via its effects on NF-kappa-B activation. Dispensable for the maturation of intrathymic natural killer cells, but required for the continued survival of immature natural killer cells (By similarity). Negatively regulates TNFRSF11A signaling and osteoclastogenesis (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of ciliogenesis, allowing ciliary basal bodies to migrate and dock to the plasma membrane; this process does not depend on NF-kappa-B activation (By similarity). Ability to remove linear ('Met-1'-linked) polyubiquitin chains regulates innate immunity and TNF-alpha-induced necroptosis: recruited to the LUBAC complex via interaction with SPATA2 and restricts linear polyubiquitin formation on target proteins. Involved in TNF-alpha-induced necroptosis by removing linear ('Met-1'-linked) polyubiquitin chains from RIPK1, thereby regulating the kinase activity of RIPK1 (By similarity). Negatively regulates intestinal inflammation by removing 'Lys-63' linked polyubiquitin chain of NLRP6, thereby reducing the interaction between NLRP6 and PYCARD/ASC and formation of the NLRP6 inflammasome (By similarity). Removes 'Lys-63' linked polyubiquitin chain of MAP3K7, which inhibits phosphorylation and blocks downstream activation of the JNK-p38 kinase cascades. M6ATAR00799 Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 I (UBE2I/UBC9) SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9; RING-type E3 SUMO transferase UBC9; SUMO-protein ligase; Ubiquitin carrier protein 9; Ubiquitin carrier protein I; Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 I UBC9_HUMAN hsa:7329 HGNC:12485 . ENSG00000103275 7329 UBE2I Protein coding 16p13.3 MSGIALSRLAQERKAWRKDHPFGFVAVPTKNPDGTMNLMNWECAIPGKKGTPWEGGLFKLRMLFKDDYPSSPPKCKFEPPLFHPNVYPSGTVCLSILEEDKDWRPAITIKQILLGIQELLNEPNIQDPAQAEAYTIYCQNRVEYEKRVRAQAKKFAPS Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family Accepts the ubiquitin-like proteins SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3, SUMO4 and SUMO1P1/SUMO5 from the UBLE1A-UBLE1B E1 complex and catalyzes their covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as RANBP2, CBX4 and ZNF451. Can catalyze the formation of poly-SUMO chains. Necessary for sumoylation of FOXL2 and KAT5. Essential for nuclear architecture and chromosome segregation. Sumoylates p53/TP53 at 'Lys-386'. Mediates sumoylation of ERCC6 which is essential for its transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair activity. M6ATAR00705 Ubiquitin domain-containing protein TINC (TINCR) Placenta-specific protein 2; Terminal differentiation-induced cornification regulator TINCR_HUMAN #N/A HGNC:14607 . ENSG00000223573 257000 TINCR Protein coding 19p13.3 MEGLRRGLSRWKRYHIKVHLADEALLLPLTVRPRDTLSDLRAQLVGQGVSSWKRAFYYNARRLDDHQTVRDARLQDGSVLLLVSDPSEAQRLTPAIPALWEAEASRSLESRSSRPAWPTW . . M6ATAR00437 Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C) (E3-independent) E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme C; E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme C; UbcH10; Ubiquitin carrier protein C; Ubiquitin-protein ligase C; UBCH10 UBE2C_HUMAN hsa:11065 HGNC:15937 . ENSG00000175063 11065 UBE2C Protein coding 20q13.12 MASQNRDPAATSVAAARKGAEPSGGAARGPVGKRLQQELMTLMMSGDKGISAFPESDNLFKWVGTIHGAAGTVYEDLRYKLSLEFPSGYPYNAPTVKFLTPCYHPNVDTQGNICLDILKEKWSALYDVRTILLSIQSLLGEPNIDSPLNTHAAELWKNPTAFKKYLQETYSKQVTSQEP ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11'- and 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. Acts as an essential factor of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis. Acts by initiating 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains on APC/C substrates, leading to the degradation of APC/C substrates by the proteasome and promoting mitotic exit. M6ATAR00590 Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 6 (UBA6) Ubiquitin-activating enzyme 6; Monocyte protein 4; MOP-4; Ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1-like protein 2; E1-L2 UBA6_HUMAN hsa:55236 HGNC:25581 . ENSG00000033178 55236 UBA6 Protein coding 4q13.2 MEGSEPVAAHQGEEASCSSWGTGSTNKNLPIMSTASVEIDDALYSRQRYVLGDTAMQKMAKSHVFLSGMGGLGLEIAKNLVLAGIKAVTIHDTEKCQAWDLGTNFFLSEDDVVNKRNRAEAVLKHIAELNPYVHVTSSSVPFNETTDLSFLDKYQCVVLTEMKLPLQKKINDFCRSQCPPIKFISADVHGIWSRLFCDFGDEFEVLDTTGEEPKEIFISNITQANPGIVTCLENHPHKLETGQFLTFREINGMTGLNGSIQQITVISPFSFSIGDTTELEPYLHGGIAVQVKTPKTVFFESLERQLKHPKCLIVDFSNPEAPLEIHTAMLALDQFQEKYSRKPNVGCQQDSEELLKLATSISETLEEKPDVNADIVHWLSWTAQGFLSPLAAAVGGVASQEVLKAVTGKFSPLCQWLYLEAADIVESLGKPECEEFLPRGDRYDALRACIGDTLCQKLQNLNIFLVGCGAIGCEMLKNFALLGVGTSKEKGMITVTDPDLIEKSNLNRQFLFRPHHIQKPKSYTAADATLKINSQIKIDAHLNKVCPTTETIYNDEFYTKQDVIITALDNVEARRYVDSRCLANLRPLLDSGTMGTKGHTEVIVPHLTESYNSHRDPPEEEIPFCTLKSFPAAIEHTIQWARDKFESSFSHKPSLFNKFWQTYSSAEEVLQKIQSGHSLEGCFQVIKLLSRRPRNWSQCVELARLKFEKYFNHKALQLLHCFPLDIRLKDGSLFWQSPKRPPSPIKFDLNEPLHLSFLQNAAKLYATVYCIPFAEEDLSADALLNILSEVKIQEFKPSNKVVQTDETARKPDHVPISSEDERNAIFQLEKAILSNEATKSDLQMAVLSFEKDDDHNGHIDFITAASNLRAKMYSIEPADRFKTKRIAGKIIPAIATTTATVSGLVALEMIKVTGGYPFEAYKNCFLNLAIPIVVFTETTEVRKTKIRNGISFTIWDRWTVHGKEDFTLLDFINAVKEKYGIEPTMVVQGVKMLYVPVMPGHAKRLKLTMHKLVKPTTEKKYVDLTVSFAPDIDGDEDLPGPPVRYYFSHDTD Ubiquitin-activating E1 family Activates ubiquitin by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, and thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of a cysteine residue in E1, yielding a ubiquitin-E1 thioester and free AMP. Specific for ubiquitin, does not activate ubiquitin-like peptides. Differs from UBE1 in its specificity for substrate E2 charging. Does not charge cell cycle E2s, such as CDC34. Essential for embryonic development. Required for UBD/FAT10 conjugation. Isoform 2 may play a key role in ubiquitin system and may influence spermatogenesis and male fertility. M6ATAR00190 Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 (ATG7) ATG12-activating enzyme E1 ATG7; Autophagy-related protein 7; APG7-like; hAGP7; Ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1-like protein; APG7L ATG7_HUMAN hsa:10533 HGNC:16935 . ENSG00000197548 10533 ATG7 Protein coding 3p25.3 MAAATGDPGLSKLQFAPFSSALDVGFWHELTQKKLNEYRLDEAPKDIKGYYYNGDSAGLPARLTLEFSAFDMSAPTPARCCPAIGTLYNTNTLESFKTADKKLLLEQAANEIWESIKSGTALENPVLLNKFLLLTFADLKKYHFYYWFCYPALCLPESLPLIQGPVGLDQRFSLKQIEALECAYDNLCQTEGVTALPYFLIKYDENMVLVSLLKHYSDFFQGQRTKITIGVYDPCNLAQYPGWPLRNFLVLAAHRWSSSFQSVEVVCFRDRTMQGARDVAHSIIFEVKLPEMAFSPDCPKAVGWEKNQKGGMGPRMVNLSECMDPKRLAESSVDLNLKLMCWRLVPTLDLDKVVSVKCLLLGAGTLGCNVARTLMGWGVRHITFVDNAKISYSNPVRQPLYEFEDCLGGGKPKALAAADRLQKIFPGVNARGFNMSIPMPGHPVNFSSVTLEQARRDVEQLEQLIESHDVVFLLMDTRESRWLPAVIAASKRKLVINAALGFDTFVVMRHGLKKPKQQGAGDLCPNHPVASADLLGSSLFANIPGYKLGCYFCNDVVAPGDSTRDRTLDQQCTVSRPGLAVIAGALAVELMVSVLQHPEGGYAIASSSDDRMNEPPTSLGLVPHQIRGFLSRFDNVLPVSLAFDKCTACSSKVLDQYEREGFNFLAKVFNSSHSFLEDLTGLTLLHQETQAAEIWDMSDDETI ATG7 family E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 as well as the ATG8 family proteins for their conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Required for autophagic death induced by caspase-8 inhibition. Required for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Modulates p53/TP53 activity to regulate cell cycle and survival during metabolic stress. Plays also a key role in the maintenance of axonal homeostasis, the prevention of axonal degeneration, the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells, the formation of Paneth cell granules, as well as in adipose differentiation. Plays a role in regulating the liver clock and glucose metabolism by mediating the autophagic degradation of CRY1 (clock repressor) in a time-dependent manner (By similarity). M6ATAR00186 Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 (ATG12) Autophagy-related protein 12; APG12-like; APG12; APG12L ATG12_HUMAN hsa:9140 HGNC:588 . ENSG00000145782 9140 ATG12 Protein coding 5q22.3 MAEEPQSVLQLPTSIAAGGEGLTDVSPETTTPEPPSSAAVSPGTEEPAGDTKKKIDILLKAVGDTPIMKTKKWAVERTRTIQGLIDFIKKFLKLVASEQLFIYVNQSFAPSPDQEVGTLYECFGSDGKLVLHYCKSQAWG ATG12 family Ubiquitin-like protein involved in autophagy vesicles formation. Conjugation with ATG5 through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving also ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 family proteins and their association to the vesicle membranes. (Microbial infection) May act as a proviral factor. In association with ATG5, negatively regulates the innate antiviral immune response by impairing the type I IFN production pathway upon vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection. Required for the translation of incoming hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA and, thereby, for the initiation of HCV replication, but not required once infection is established. M6ATAR00188 Ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 (ATG3) Autophagy-related protein 3; APG3-like; hApg3; Protein PC3-96; APG3; APG3L ATG3_HUMAN hsa:64422 HGNC:20962 . ENSG00000144848 64422 ATG3 Protein coding 3q13.2 MQNVINTVKGKALEVAEYLTPVLKESKFKETGVITPEEFVAAGDHLVHHCPTWQWATGEELKVKAYLPTGKQFLVTKNVPCYKRCKQMEYSDELEAIIEEDDGDGGWVDTYHNTGITGITEAVKEITLENKDNIRLQDCSALCEEEEDEDEGEAADMEEYEESGLLETDEATLDTRKIVEACKAKTDAGGEDAILQTRTYDLYITYDKYYQTPRLWLFGYDEQRQPLTVEHMYEDISQDHVKKTVTIENHPHLPPPPMCSVHPCRHAEVMKKIIETVAEGGGELGVHMYLLIFLKFVQAVIPTIEYDYTRHFTM ATG3 family E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8-like proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 or MAP1LC3A). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3 and promotes the transfer of ATG8-like proteins from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8-like proteins. The formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates is essential for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt). Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Also acts as an autocatalytic E2-like enzyme, catalyzing the conjugation of ATG12 to itself, ATG12 conjugation to ATG3 playing a role in mitochondrial homeostasis but not in autophagy. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1-E2 complex with ATG3. Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway. M6ATAR00731 UBX domain-containing protein 1 (UBXN1) SAPK substrate protein 1; UBA/UBX 33.3 kDa protein UBXN1_HUMAN hsa:51035 HGNC:18402 . ENSG00000162191 51035 UBXN1 Protein coding 11q12.3 MAELTALESLIEMGFPRGRAEKALALTGNQGIEAAMDWLMEHEDDPDVDEPLETPLGHILGREPTSSEQGGLEGSGSAAGEGKPALSEEERQEQTKRMLELVAQKQREREEREEREALERERQRRRQGQELSAARQRLQEDEMRRAAEERRREKAEELAARQRVREKIERDKAERAKKYGGSVGSQPPPVAPEPGPVPSSPSQEPPTKREYDQCRIQVRLPDGTSLTQTFRAREQLAAVRLYVELHRGEELGGGQDPVQLLSGFPRRAFSEADMERPLQELGLVPSAVLIVAKKCPS . Ubiquitin-binding protein that plays a role in the modulation of innate immune response. Blocks both the RIG-I-like receptors (RLR) and NF-kappa-B pathways. Following viral infection, UBXN1 is induced and recruited to the RLR component MAVS. In turn, interferes with MAVS oligomerization, and disrupts the MAVS/TRAF3/TRAF6 signalosome. This function probably serves as a brake to prevent excessive RLR signaling . Interferes with the TNFalpha-triggered NF-kappa-B pathway by interacting with cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) and thereby inhibiting their recruitment to TNFR1. Prevents also the activation of NF-kappa-B by associating with CUL1 and thus inhibiting NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha/NFKBIA degradation that remains bound to NF-kappa-B. Interacts with the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer and regulates its activity. Specifically binds 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Interaction with autoubiquitinated BRCA1 leads to the inhibition of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer. Component of a complex required to couple deglycosylation and proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum that are retrotranslocated in the cytosol. M6ATAR00780 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) UGTB2B9; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7; UDPGT 2B7; UGT2B7; EC 2.4.1.17 ; 3;4-catechol estrogen-specific UDPGT ; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B9; UDPGT 2B9 ; UDPGTh-2 UD2B7_HUMAN hsa:7364 HGNC:12554 . ENSG00000171234.14 7364 UGT2B7 Protein coding 4q13.2 MSVKWTSVILLIQLSFCFSSGNCGKVLVWAAEYSHWMNIKTILDELIQRGHEVTVLASSASILFDPNNSSALKIEIYPTSLTKTELENFIMQQIKRWSDLPKDTFWLYFSQVQEIMSIFGDITRKFCKDVVSNKKFMKKVQESRFDVIFADAIFPCSELLAELFNIPFVYSLSFSPGYTFEKHSGGFIFPPSYVPVVMSELTDQMTFMERVKNMIYVLYFDFWFEIFDMKKWDQFYSEVLGRPTTLSETMGKADVWLIRNSWNFQFPYPLLPNVDFVGGLHCKPAKPLPKEMEDFVQSSGENGVVVFSLGSMVSNMTEERANVIASALAQIPQKVLWRFDGNKPDTLGLNTRLYKWIPQNDLLGHPKTRAFITHGGANGIYEAIYHGIPMVGIPLFADQPDNIAHMKARGAAVRVDFNTMSSTDLLNALKRVINDPSYKENVMKLSRIQHDQPVKPLDRAVFWIEFVMRHKGAKHLRVAAHDLTWFQYHSLDVIGFLLVCVATVIFIVTKCCLFCFWKFARKAKKGKND UDP-glycosyltransferase family UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) that catalyzes phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase the metabolite's water solubility, thereby facilitating excretion into either the urine or bile. Essential for the elimination and detoxification of drugs, xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous steroid hormones such as androgens (epitestosterone, androsterone) and estrogens (estradiol, epiestradiol, estriol, catechol estrogens). Also regulates the levels of retinoic acid, a major metabolite of vitamin A involved in apoptosis, cellular growth and differentiation, and embryonic development. Contributes to bile acid (BA) detoxification by catalyzing the glucuronidation of BA substrates, which are natural detergents for dietary lipids absorption. Involved in the glucuronidation of the AGTR1 angiotensin receptor antagonist losartan, caderastan and zolarsatan, drugs which can inhibit the effect of angiotensin II. Also metabolizes mycophenolate, an immunosuppressive agent. M6ATAR00609 Uridine-cytidine kinase 2 (UCK2) . UCK2_HUMAN hsa:7371 HGNC:12562 . ENSG00000143179 7371 UCK2 Protein coding 1q24.1 MAGDSEQTLQNHQQPNGGEPFLIGVSGGTASGKSSVCAKIVQLLGQNEVDYRQKQVVILSQDSFYRVLTSEQKAKALKGQFNFDHPDAFDNELILKTLKEITEGKTVQIPVYDFVSHSRKEETVTVYPADVVLFEGILAFYSQEVRDLFQMKLFVDTDADTRLSRRVLRDISERGRDLEQILSQYITFVKPAFEEFCLPTKKYADVIIPRGADNLVAINLIVQHIQDILNGGPSKRQTNGCLNGYTPSRKRQASESSSRPH Uridine kinase family Phosphorylates uridine and cytidine to uridine monophosphate and cytidine monophosphate. Does not phosphorylate deoxyribonucleosides or purine ribonucleosides. Can use ATP or GTP as a phosphate donor. Can also phosphorylate cytidine and uridine nucleoside analogs such as 6-azauridine, 5-fluorouridine, 4-thiouridine, 5-bromouridine, N(4)-acetylcytidine, N(4)-benzoylcytidine, 5-fluorocytidine, 2-thiocytidine, 5-methylcytidine, and N(4)-anisoylcytidine. M6ATAR00663 Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) U-plasminogen activator; uPA UROK_HUMAN hsa:5328 HGNC:9052 . ENSG00000122861 5328 PLAU Protein coding 10q22.2 MRALLARLLLCVLVVSDSKGSNELHQVPSNCDCLNGGTCVSNKYFSNIHWCNCPKKFGGQHCEIDKSKTCYEGNGHFYRGKASTDTMGRPCLPWNSATVLQQTYHAHRSDALQLGLGKHNYCRNPDNRRRPWCYVQVGLKLLVQECMVHDCADGKKPSSPPEELKFQCGQKTLRPRFKIIGGEFTTIENQPWFAAIYRRHRGGSVTYVCGGSLISPCWVISATHCFIDYPKKEDYIVYLGRSRLNSNTQGEMKFEVENLILHKDYSADTLAHHNDIALLKIRSKEGRCAQPSRTIQTICLPSMYNDPQFGTSCEITGFGKENSTDYLYPEQLKMTVVKLISHRECQQPHYYGSEVTTKMLCAADPQWKTDSCQGDSGGPLVCSLQGRMTLTGIVSWGRGCALKDKPGVYTRVSHFLPWIRSHTKEENGLAL Peptidase S1 family Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin. M6ATAR00107 Urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) UCA1; urothelial cancer associated 1 (non-protein coding); LINC00178; CUDR; UCAT1; onco-lncRNA-36; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 178; cancer up-regulated drug resistant . . HGNC:37126 . ENSG00000214049 652995 UCA1 LncRNA 19p13.12 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00449 Vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 (VPS25) hVps25; Dermal papilla-derived protein 9; ELL-associated protein of 20 kDa; ESCRT-II complex subunit VPS25; DERP9; EAP20 VPS25_HUMAN hsa:84313 HGNC:28122 . ENSG00000131475 84313 VPS25 Protein coding 17q21.31 MAMSFEWPWQYRFPPFFTLQPNVDTRQKQLAAWCSLVLSFCRLHKQSSMTVMEAQESPLFNNVKLQRKLPVESIQIVLEELRKKGNLEWLDKSKSSFLIMWRRPEEWGKLIYQWVSRSGQNNSVFTLYELTNGEDTEDEEFHGLDEATLLRALQALQQEHKAEIITVSDGRGVKFF VPS25 family Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. The MVB pathway mediates delivery of transmembrane proteins into the lumen of the lysosome for degradation. The ESCRT-II complex is probably involved in the recruitment of the ESCRT-III complex. The ESCRT-II complex may also play a role in transcription regulation, possibly via its interaction with ELL. The ESCRT-II complex may be involved in facilitating the budding of certain RNA viruses. M6ATAR00445 Vang-like protein 1 (VANGL1) Loop-tail protein 2 homolog; LPP2; Strabismus 2; Van Gogh-like protein 1; STB2 VANG1_HUMAN hsa:81839 HGNC:15512 . ENSG00000173218 81839 VANGL1 Protein coding 1p13.1 MDTESTYSGYSYYSSHSKKSHRQGERTRERHKSPRNKDGRGSEKSVTIQPPTGEPLLGNDSTRTEEVQDDNWGETTTAITGTSEHSISQEDIARISKDMEDSVGLDCKRYLGLTVASFLGLLVFLTPIAFILLPPILWRDELEPCGTICEGLFISMAFKLLILLIGTWALFFRKRRADMPRVFVFRALLLVLIFLFVVSYWLFYGVRILDSRDRNYQGIVQYAVSLVDALLFIHYLAIVLLELRQLQPMFTLQVVRSTDGESRFYSLGHLSIQRAALVVLENYYKDFTIYNPNLLTASKFRAAKHMAGLKVYNVDGPSNNATGQSRAMIAAAARRRDSSHNELYYEEAEHERRVKKRKARLVVAVEEAFIHIQRLQAEEQQKAPGEVMDPREAAQAIFPSMARALQKYLRITRQQNYHSMESILQHLAFCITNGMTPKAFLERYLSAGPTLQYDKDRWLSTQWRLVSDEAVTNGLRDGIVFVLKCLDFSLVVNVKKIPFIILSEEFIDPKSHKFVLRLQSETSV Vang family . M6ATAR00487 Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM1) . VCAM1_HUMAN hsa:7412 HGNC:12663 . ENSG00000162692 7412 VCAM1 Protein coding . MPGKMVVILGASNILWIMFAASQAFKIETTPESRYLAQIGDSVSLTCSTTGCESPFFSWRTQIDSPLNGKVTNEGTTSTLTMNPVSFGNEHSYLCTATCESRKLEKGIQVEIYSFPKDPEIHLSGPLEAGKPITVKCSVADVYPFDRLEIDLLKGDHLMKSQEFLEDADRKSLETKSLEVTFTPVIEDIGKVLVCRAKLHIDEMDSVPTVRQAVKELQVYISPKNTVISVNPSTKLQEGGSVTMTCSSEGLPAPEIFWSKKLDNGNLQHLSGNATLTLIAMRMEDSGIYVCEGVNLIGKNRKEVELIVQEKPFTVEISPGPRIAAQIGDSVMLTCSVMGCESPSFSWRTQIDSPLSGKVRSEGTNSTLTLSPVSFENEHSYLCTVTCGHKKLEKGIQVELYSFPRDPEIEMSGGLVNGSSVTVSCKVPSVYPLDRLEIELLKGETILENIEFLEDTDMKSLENKSLEMTFIPTIEDTGKALVCQAKLHIDDMEFEPKQRQSTQTLYVNVAPRDTTVLVSPSSILEEGSSVNMTCLSQGFPAPKILWSRQLPNGELQPLSENATLTLISTKMEDSGVYLCEGINQAGRSRKEVELIIQVTPKDIKLTAFPSESVKEGDTVIISCTCGNVPETWIILKKKAETGDTVLKSIDGAYTIRKAQLKDAGVYECESKNKVGSQLRSLTLDVQGRENNKDYFSPELLVLYFASSLIIPAIGMIIYFARKANMKGSYSLVEAQKSKV . Important in cell-cell recognition. Appears to function in leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. Interacts with integrin alpha-4/beta-1 (ITGA4/ITGB1) on leukocytes, and mediates both adhesion and signal transduction. The VCAM1/ITGA4/ITGB1 interaction may play a pathophysiologic role both in immune responses and in leukocyte emigration to sites of inflammation. M6ATAR00446 Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) VEGF-A; Vascular permeability factor; VPF; VEGF VEGFA_HUMAN hsa:7422 HGNC:12680 . ENSG00000112715 7422 VEGFA Protein coding 6p21.1 MNFLLSWVHWSLALLLYLHHAKWSQAAPMAEGGGQNHHEVVKFMDVYQRSYCHPIETLVDIFQEYPDEIEYIFKPSCVPLMRCGGCCNDEGLECVPTEESNITMQIMRIKPHQGQHIGEMSFLQHNKCECRPKKDRARQEKKSVRGKGKGQKRKRKKSRYKSWSVYVGARCCLMPWSLPGPHPCGPCSERRKHLFVQDPQTCKCSCKNTDSRCKARQLELNERTCRCDKPRR PDGF/VEGF growth factor family Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth. Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron axon guidance and cell body migration, including for the caudal migration of facial motor neurons from rhombomere 4 to rhombomere 6 during embryonic development (By similarity). Also binds the DEAR/FBXW7-AS1 receptor. M6ATAR00781 Vasopressin V2 receptor (Avpr2/V2R) ADHR; DIR; DIR3; V2R; Vasopressin V2 receptor; V2R ; AVPR V2 ; Antidiuretic hormone receptor ; Renal-type arginine vasopressin receptor V2R_HUMAN hsa:554 HGNC:897 . ENSG00000126895.16 554 Avpr2 Protein coding Xq28 MLMASTTSAVPGHPSLPSLPSNSSQERPLDTRDPLLARAELALLSIVFVAVALSNGLVLAALARRGRRGHWAPIHVFIGHLCLADLAVALFQVLPQLAWKATDRFRGPDALCRAVKYLQMVGMYASSYMILAMTLDRHRAICRPMLAYRHGSGAHWNRPVLVAWAFSLLLSLPQLFIFAQRNVEGGSGVTDCWACFAEPWGRRTYVTWIALMVFVAPTLGIAACQVLIFREIHASLVPGPSERPGGRRRGRRTGSPGEGAHVSAAVAKTVRMTLVIVVVYVLCWAPFFLVQLWAAWDPEAPLEGAPFVLLMLLASLNSCTNPWIYASFSSSVSSELRSLLCCARGRTPPSLGPQDESCTTASSSLAKDTSS G-protein coupled receptor 1 family, Vasopressin/oxytocin receptor subfamily Receptor for arginine vasopressin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. Involved in renal water reabsorption. M6ATAR00518 Vimentin (vimentin) . VIME_HUMAN hsa:7431 HGNC:12692 . ENSG00000026025 7431 vimentin Protein coding 10p13 MSTRSVSSSSYRRMFGGPGTASRPSSSRSYVTTSTRTYSLGSALRPSTSRSLYASSPGGVYATRSSAVRLRSSVPGVRLLQDSVDFSLADAINTEFKNTRTNEKVELQELNDRFANYIDKVRFLEQQNKILLAELEQLKGQGKSRLGDLYEEEMRELRRQVDQLTNDKARVEVERDNLAEDIMRLREKLQEEMLQREEAENTLQSFRQDVDNASLARLDLERKVESLQEEIAFLKKLHEEEIQELQAQIQEQHVQIDVDVSKPDLTAALRDVRQQYESVAAKNLQEAEEWYKSKFADLSEAANRNNDALRQAKQESTEYRRQVQSLTCEVDALKGTNESLERQMREMEENFAVEAANYQDTIGRLQDEIQNMKEEMARHLREYQDLLNVKMALDIEIATYRKLLEGEESRISLPLPNFSSLNLRETNLDSLPLVDTHSKRTLLIKTVETRDGQVINETSQHHDDLE Intermediate filament family Vimentins are class-III intermediate filaments found in various non-epithelial cells, especially mesenchymal cells. Vimentin is attached to the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, either laterally or terminally;Involved with LARP6 in the stabilization of type I collagen mRNAs for CO1A1 and CO1A2. M6ATAR00447 Von Hippel-Lindau disease tumor suppressor (VHL) Protein G7; pVHL VHL_HUMAN hsa:7428 HGNC:12687 . ENSG00000134086 7428 VHL Protein coding 3p25.3 MPRRAENWDEAEVGAEEAGVEEYGPEEDGGEESGAEESGPEESGPEELGAEEEMEAGRPRPVLRSVNSREPSQVIFCNRSPRVVLPVWLNFDGEPQPYPTLPPGTGRRIHSYRGHLWLFRDAGTHDGLLVNQTELFVPSLNVDGQPIFANITLPVYTLKERCLQVVRSLVKPENYRRLDIVRSLYEDLEDHPNVQKDLERLTQERIAHQRMGD VHL family Involved in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitination complex. Seems to act as a target recruitment subunit in the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and recruits hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) under normoxic conditions. Involved in transcriptional repression through interaction with HIF1A, HIF1AN and histone deacetylases. Ubiquitinates, in an oxygen-responsive manner, ADRB2. M6ATAR00724 Wee1-like protein kinase (WEE1) WEE1hu; Wee1A kinase WEE1_HUMAN hsa:7465 HGNC:12761 . ENSG00000166483 7465 WEE1 Protein coding 11p15.4 MSFLSRQQPPPPRRAGAACTLRQKLIFSPCSDCEEEEEEEEEEGSGHSTGEDSAFQEPDSPLPPARSPTEPGPERRRSPGPAPGSPGELEEDLLLPGACPGADEAGGGAEGDSWEEEGFGSSSPVKSPAAPYFLGSSFSPVRCGGPGDASPRGCGARRAGEGRRSPRPDHPGTPPHKTFRKLRLFDTPHTPKSLLSKARGIDSSSVKLRGSSLFMDTEKSGKREFDVRQTPQVNINPFTPDSLLLHSSGQCRRRKRTYWNDSCGEDMEASDYELEDETRPAKRITITESNMKSRYTTEFHELEKIGSGEFGSVFKCVKRLDGCIYAIKRSKKPLAGSVDEQNALREVYAHAVLGQHSHVVRYFSAWAEDDHMLIQNEYCNGGSLADAISENYRIMSYFKEAELKDLLLQVGRGLRYIHSMSLVHMDIKPSNIFISRTSIPNAASEEGDEDDWASNKVMFKIGDLGHVTRISSPQVEEGDSRFLANEVLQENYTHLPKADIFALALTVVCAAGAEPLPRNGDQWHEIRQGRLPRIPQVLSQEFTELLKVMIHPDPERRPSAMALVKHSVLLSASRKSAEQLRIELNAEKFKNSLLQKELKKAQMAKAAAEERALFTDRMATRSTTQSNRTSRLIGKKMNRSVSLTIY Protein kinase superfamily, Ser/Thr protein kinase family, WEE1 subfamily Acts as a negative regulator of entry into mitosis (G2 to M transition) by protecting the nucleus from cytoplasmically activated cyclin B1-complexed CDK1 before the onset of mitosis by mediating phosphorylation of CDK1 on 'Tyr-15'. Specifically phosphorylates and inactivates cyclin B1-complexed CDK1 reaching a maximum during G2 phase and a minimum as cells enter M phase. Phosphorylation of cyclin B1-CDK1 occurs exclusively on 'Tyr-15' and phosphorylation of monomeric CDK1 does not occur. Its activity increases during S and G2 phases and decreases at M phase when it is hyperphosphorylated. A correlated decrease in protein level occurs at M/G1 phase, probably due to its degradation. M6ATAR00480 Wilms tumor protein (WT1) WT33 WT1_HUMAN hsa:7490 HGNC:12796 . ENSG00000184937 55083 WT1 Protein coding . MGSDVRDLNALLPAVPSLGGGGGCALPVSGAAQWAPVLDFAPPGASAYGSLGGPAPPPAPPPPPPPPPHSFIKQEPSWGGAEPHEEQCLSAFTVHFSGQFTGTAGACRYGPFGPPPPSQASSGQARMFPNAPYLPSCLESQPAIRNQGYSTVTFDGTPSYGHTPSHHAAQFPNHSFKHEDPMGQQGSLGEQQYSVPPPVYGCHTPTDSCTGSQALLLRTPYSSDNLYQMTSQLECMTWNQMNLGATLKGVAAGSSSSVKWTEGQSNHSTGYESDNHTTPILCGAQYRIHTHGVFRGIQDVRRVPGVAPTLVRSASETSEKRPFMCAYPGCNKRYFKLSHLQMHSRKHTGEKPYQCDFKDCERRFSRSDQLKRHQRRHTGVKPFQCKTCQRKFSRSDHLKTHTRTHTGKTSEKPFSCRWPSCQKKFARSDELVRHHNMHQRNMTKLQLAL EGR C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. {ECO:0000305}. Transcription factor that plays an important role in cellular development and cell survival. Recognizes and binds to the DNA sequence 5'-GCG(T/G)GGGCG-3'. Regulates the expression of numerous target genes, including EPO. Plays an essential role for development of the urogenital system. It has a tumor suppressor as well as an oncogenic role in tumor formation. Function may be isoform-specific: isoforms lacking the KTS motif may act as transcription factors. Isoforms containing the KTS motif may bind mRNA and play a role in mRNA metabolism or splicing. Isoform 1 has lower affinity for DNA, and can bind RNA. M6ATAR00450 Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) WIF-1; UNQ191/PRO217 WIF1_HUMAN hsa:11197 HGNC:18081 . ENSG00000156076 11197 WIF1 Protein coding 12q14.3 MARRSAFPAAALWLWSILLCLLALRAEAGPPQEESLYLWIDAHQARVLIGFEEDILIVSEGKMAPFTHDFRKAQQRMPAIPVNIHSMNFTWQAAGQAEYFYEFLSLRSLDKGIMADPTVNVPLLGTVPHKASVVQVGFPCLGKQDGVAAFEVDVIVMNSEGNTILQTPQNAIFFKTCQQAECPGGCRNGGFCNERRICECPDGFHGPHCEKALCTPRCMNGGLCVTPGFCICPPGFYGVNCDKANCSTTCFNGGTCFYPGKCICPPGLEGEQCEISKCPQPCRNGGKCIGKSKCKCSKGYQGDLCSKPVCEPGCGAHGTCHEPNKCQCQEGWHGRHCNKRYEASLIHALRPAGAQLRQHTPSLKKAEERRDPPESNYIW . Binds to WNT proteins and inhibits their activities. May be involved in mesoderm segmentation. M6ATAR00152 X inactive specific transcript (XIST) XIST; DXS399E; X (inactive)-specific transcript; X (inactive)-specific transcript (non-protein coding); X inactive specific transcript (non-protein coding); NCRNA00001; DXS1089; swd66; LINC00001; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1 . . HGNC:12810 . ENSG00000229807 7503 XIST LncRNA Xq13.2 . Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols . M6ATAR00452 Y-box-binding protein 1 (YBX1) YB-1; CCAAT-binding transcription factor I subunit A; CBF-A; DNA-binding protein B; DBPB; Enhancer factor I subunit A; EFI-A; Nuclease-sensitive element-binding protein 1; Y-box transcription factor; NSEP1; YB1 YBOX1_HUMAN hsa:4904 HGNC:8014 . ENSG00000065978 4904 YBX1 Protein coding 1p34.2 MSSEAETQQPPAAPPAAPALSAADTKPGTTGSGAGSGGPGGLTSAAPAGGDKKVIATKVLGTVKWFNVRNGYGFINRNDTKEDVFVHQTAIKKNNPRKYLRSVGDGETVEFDVVEGEKGAEAANVTGPGGVPVQGSKYAADRNHYRRYPRRRGPPRNYQQNYQNSESGEKNEGSESAPEGQAQQRRPYRRRRFPPYYMRRPYGRRPQYSNPPVQGEVMEGADNQGAGEQGRPVRQNMYRGYRPRFRRGPPRQRQPREDGNEEDKENQGDETQGQQPPQRRYRRNFNYRRRRPENPKPQDGKETKAADPPAENSSAPEAEQGGAE YBX1 family DNA- and RNA-binding protein involved in various processes, such as translational repression, RNA stabilization, mRNA splicing, DNA repair and transcription regulation. Predominantly acts as a RNA-binding protein: binds preferentially to the 5'-[CU]CUGCG-3' RNA motif and specifically recognizes mRNA transcripts modified by C5-methylcytosine (m5C). Promotes mRNA stabilization: acts by binding to m5C-containing mRNAs and recruiting the mRNA stability maintainer ELAVL1, thereby preventing mRNA decay. Component of the CRD-mediated complex that promotes MYC mRNA stability. Contributes to the regulation of translation by modulating the interaction between the mRNA and eukaryotic initiation factors (By similarity). Plays a key role in RNA composition of extracellular exosomes by defining the sorting of small non-coding RNAs, such as tRNAs, Y RNAs, Vault RNAs and miRNAs. Probably sorts RNAs in exosomes by recognizing and binding C5-methylcytosine (m5C)-containing RNAs. Acts as a key effector of epidermal progenitors by preventing epidermal progenitor senescence: acts by regulating the translation of a senescence-associated subset of cytokine mRNAs, possibly by binding to m5C-containing mRNAs. Also involved in pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation: binds to splice sites in pre-mRNA and regulates splice site selection. Also able to bind DNA: regulates transcription of the multidrug resistance gene MDR1 is enhanced in presence of the APEX1 acetylated form at 'Lys-6' and 'Lys-7'. Binds to promoters that contain a Y-box (5'-CTGATTGGCCAA-3'), such as MDR1 and HLA class II genes. Promotes separation of DNA strands that contain mismatches or are modified by cisplatin. Has endonucleolytic activity and can introduce nicks or breaks into double-stranded DNA, suggesting a role in DNA repair. The secreted form acts as an extracellular mitogen and stimulates cell migration and proliferation. M6ATAR00782 Yes tyrosine kinase (YES/YES1) YES; Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes; EC 2.7.10.2 ; Proto-oncogene c-Yes ; p61-Yes YES_HUMAN hsa:7525 HGNC:12841 . ENSG00000176105.14 7525 YES1 Protein coding 18p11.32 MGCIKSKENKSPAIKYRPENTPEPVSTSVSHYGAEPTTVSPCPSSSAKGTAVNFSSLSMTPFGGSSGVTPFGGASSSFSVVPSSYPAGLTGGVTIFVALYDYEARTTEDLSFKKGERFQIINNTEGDWWEARSIATGKNGYIPSNYVAPADSIQAEEWYFGKMGRKDAERLLLNPGNQRGIFLVRESETTKGAYSLSIRDWDEIRGDNVKHYKIRKLDNGGYYITTRAQFDTLQKLVKHYTEHADGLCHKLTTVCPTVKPQTQGLAKDAWEIPRESLRLEVKLGQGCFGEVWMGTWNGTTKVAIKTLKPGTMMPEAFLQEAQIMKKLRHDKLVPLYAVVSEEPIYIVTEFMSKGSLLDFLKEGDGKYLKLPQLVDMAAQIADGMAYIERMNYIHRDLRAANILVGENLVCKIADFGLARLIEDNEYTARQGAKFPIKWTAPEAALYGRFTIKSDVWSFGILQTELVTKGRVPYPGMVNREVLEQVERGYRMPCPQGCPESLHELMNLCWKKDPDERPTFEYIQSFLEDYFTATEPQYQPGENL Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, SRC subfamily Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that is involved in the regulation of cell growth and survival, apoptosis, cell-cell adhesion, cytoskeleton remodeling, and differentiation. Stimulation by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including EGRF, PDGFR, CSF1R and FGFR leads to recruitment of YES1 to the phosphorylated receptor, and activation and phosphorylation of downstream substrates. Upon EGFR activation, promotes the phosphorylation of PARD3 to favor epithelial tight junction assembly. Participates in the phosphorylation of specific junctional components such as CTNND1 by stimulating the FYN and FER tyrosine kinases at cell-cell contacts. Upon T-cell stimulation by CXCL12, phosphorylates collapsin response mediator protein 2/DPYSL2 and induces T-cell migration. Participates in CD95L/FASLG signaling pathway and mediates AKT-mediated cell migration. Plays a role in cell cycle progression by phosphorylating the cyclin-dependent kinase 4/CDK4 thus regulating the G1 phase. Also involved in G2/M progression and cytokinesis. M6ATAR00553 Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 4 (ZBTB4) KAISO-like zinc finger protein 1; KAISO-L1 ZBTB4_HUMAN hsa:57659 HGNC:23847 . ENSG00000174282; ENSG00000283868 57659 ZBTB4 Protein coding 17p13.1 MPPPAEVTDPSHAPAVLRQLNEQRLRGLFCDVTLIAGDTKFPAHRSVLAASSPFFREALLTSAPLPLPPATGGAAPNPATTTAASSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSASSSSSSSSSSPPPASPPASSPPRVLELPGVPAAAFSDVLNFIYSARLALPGGGGDGAAVAEIGALGRRLGISRLQGLGEGGDAWVPPTPAPMATSQPEEDSFGPGPRPAGEWEGDRAEAQAPDLQCSLPRRPLPCPQCGKSFIHPKRLQTHEAQCRRGASTRGSTGLGAGGAGPGGPAGVDASALPPPVGFRGGPEHVVKVVGGHVLYVCAACERSYVTLSSLKRHSNVHSWRRKYPCRYCEKVFALAEYRTKHEVWHTGERRYQCIFCWETFVTYYNLKTHQRAFHGISPGLLASEKTPNGGYKPKLNTLKLYRLLPMRAAKRPYKTYSQGAPEAPLSPTLNTPAPVAMPASPPPGPPPAPEPGPPPSVITFAHPAPSVIVHGGSSSGGGGSGTASTGGSQAASVITYTAPPRPPKKREYPPPPPEPAATPTSPATAVSPATAAGPAMATTTEEAKGRNPRAGRTLTYTAKPVGGIGGGGGPPTGAGRGPSQLQAPPPLCQITVRIGEEAIVKRRISETDLRPGELSGEEMEESEEDEEEEDEEEEEEDEEESKAGGEDQLWRPYYSYKPKRKAGAAGGASVGGSGLPRGRRPPRWRQKLERRSWEETPAAESPAGRARTERRHRCGDCAQTFTTLRKLRKHQEAHGGGSHSSRAGRRPSTRFTCPHCAKVCKTAAALSRHGQRHAAERPGGTPTPVIAYSKGSAGTRPGDVKEEAPQEMQVSSSSGEAGGGSTAAEEASETASLQDPIISGGEEPPVVASGGSYVYPPVQEFPLALIGGGREPGGGRGKSGSEGPVGAGEGDRMEGIGAAKVTFYPEPYPLVYGPQLLAAYPYNFSNLAALPVALNMVLPDEKGAGALPFLPGVFGYAVNPQAAPPAPPTPPPPTLPPPIPPKGEGERAGVERTQKGDVG . Transcriptional repressor with bimodal DNA-binding specificity. Represses transcription in a methyl-CpG-dependent manner. Binds with a higher affinity to methylated CpG dinucleotides in the consensus sequence 5'-CGCG-3' but can also bind to the non-methylated consensus sequence 5'-CTGCNA-3' also known as the consensus kaiso binding site (KBS). Can also bind specifically to a single methyl-CpG pair and can bind hemimethylated DNA but with a lower affinity compared to methylated DNA . Plays a role in postnatal myogenesis, may be involved in the regulation of satellite cells self-renewal (By similarity). M6ATAR00453 Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) NIL-2-A zinc finger protein; Negative regulator of IL2; Transcription factor 8; TCF-8; AREB6; TCF8 ZEB1_HUMAN hsa:6935 HGNC:11642 . ENSG00000148516 6935 ZEB1 Protein coding 10p11.22 MADGPRCKRRKQANPRRNNVTNYNTVVETNSDSDDEDKLHIVEEESVTDAADCEGVPEDDLPTDQTVLPGRSSEREGNAKNCWEDDRKEGQEILGPEAQADEAGCTVKDDECESDAENEQNHDPNVEEFLQQQDTAVIFPEAPEEDQRQGTPEASGHDENGTPDAFSQLLTCPYCDRGYKRFTSLKEHIKYRHEKNEDNFSCSLCSYTFAYRTQLERHMTSHKSGRDQRHVTQSGCNRKFKCTECGKAFKYKHHLKEHLRIHSGEKPYECPNCKKRFSHSGSYSSHISSKKCISLIPVNGRPRTGLKTSQCSSPSLSASPGSPTRPQIRQKIENKPLQEQLSVNQIKTEPVDYEFKPIVVASGINCSTPLQNGVFTGGGPLQATSSPQGMVQAVVLPTVGLVSPISINLSDIQNVLKVAVDGNVIRQVLENNQANLASKEQETINASPIQQGGHSVISAISLPLVDQDGTTKIIINYSLEQPSQLQVVPQNLKKENPVATNSCKSEKLPEDLTVKSEKDKSFEGGVNDSTCLLCDDCPGDINALPELKHYDLKQPTQPPPLPAAEAEKPESSVSSATGDGNLSPSQPPLKNLLSLLKAYYALNAQPSAEELSKIADSVNLPLDVVKKWFEKMQAGQISVQSSEPSSPEPGKVNIPAKNNDQPQSANANEPQDSTVNLQSPLKMTNSPVLPVGSTTNGSRSSTPSPSPLNLSSSRNTQGYLYTAEGAQEEPQVEPLDLSLPKQQGELLERSTITSVYQNSVYSVQEEPLNLSCAKKEPQKDSCVTDSEPVVNVIPPSANPINIAIPTVTAQLPTIVAIADQNSVPCLRALAANKQTILIPQVAYTYSTTVSPAVQEPPLKVIQPNGNQDERQDTSSEGVSNVEDQNDSDSTPPKKKMRKTENGMYACDLCDKIFQKSSSLLRHKYEHTGKRPHECGICKKAFKHKHHLIEHMRLHSGEKPYQCDKCGKRFSHSGSYSQHMNHRYSYCKREAEERDSTEQEEAGPEILSNEHVGARASPSQGDSDERESLTREEDEDSEKEEEEEDKEMEELQEEKECEKPQGDEEEEEEEEEVEEEEVEEAENEGEEAKTEGLMKDDRAESQASSLGQKVGESSEQVSEEKTNEA delta-EF1/ZFH-1 C2H2-type zinc-finger family Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Inhibits interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene expression. Enhances or represses the promoter activity of the ATP1A1 gene depending on the quantity of cDNA and on the cell type. Represses E-cadherin promoter and induces an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by recruiting SMARCA4/BRG1. Represses BCL6 transcription in the presence of the corepressor CTBP1. Positively regulates neuronal differentiation. Represses RCOR1 transcription activation during neurogenesis. Represses transcription by binding to the E box (5'-CANNTG-3'). Promotes tumorigenicity by repressing stemness-inhibiting microRNAs. M6ATAR00454 Zinc finger MYM-type protein 1 (ZMYM1) . ZMYM1_HUMAN hsa:79830 HGNC:26253 . ENSG00000197056 79830 ZMYM1 Protein coding 1p34.3 MKEPLLGGECDKAVASQLGLLDEIKTEPDNAQEYCHRQQSRTQENELKINAVFSESASQLTAGIQLSLASSGVNKMLPSVSTTAIQVSCAGCKKILQKGQTAYQRKGSAQLFCSIPCITEYISSASSPVPSKRTCSNCSKDILNPKDVISVQLEDTTSCKTFCSLSCLSSYEEKRKPFVTICTNSILTKCSMCQKTAIIQYEVKYQNVKHNLCSNACLSKFHSANNFIMNCCENCGTYCYTSSSLSHILQMEGQSHYFNSSKSITAYKQKPAKPLISVPCKPLKPSDEMIETTSDLGKTELFCSINCFSAYSKAKMESSSVSVVSVVHDTSTELLSPKKDTTPVISNIVSLADTDVALPIMNTDVLQDTVSSVTATADVIVDLSKSSPSEPSNAVASSSTEQPSVSPSSSVFSQHAIGSSTEVQKDNMKSMKISDELCHPKCTSKVQKVKGKSRSIKKSCCADFECLENSKKDVAFCYSCQLFCQKYFSCGRESFATHGTSNWKKTLEKFRKHEKSEMHLKSLEFWREYQFCDGAVSDDLSIHSKQIEGNKKYLKLIIENILFLGKQCLPLRGNDQSVSSVNKGNFLELLEMRAKDKGEETFRLMNSQVDFYNSTQIQSDIIEIIKTEMLQDIVNEINDSSAFSIICDETINSAMKEQLSICVRYPQKSSKAILIKERFLGFVDTEEMTGTHLHRTIKTYLQQIGVDMDKIHGQAYDSTTNLKIKFNKIAAEFKKEEPRALYIHCYAHFLDLSIIRFCKEVKELRSALKTLSSLFNTICMSGEMLANFRNIYRLSQNKTCKKHISQSCWTVHDRTLLSVIDSLPEIIETLEVIASHSSNTSFADELSHLLTLVSKFEFVFCLKFLYRVLSVTGILSKELQNKTIDIFSLSSKIEAILECLSSERNDVYFKTIWDGTEEICQKITCKGFKVEKPSLQKRRKIQKSVDLGNSDNMFFPTSTEEQYKINIYYQGLDTILQNLKLCFSEFDYCKIKQISELLFKWNEPLNETTAKHVQEFYKLDEDIIPELRFYRHYAKLNFVIDDSCINFVSLGCLFIQHGLHSNIPCLSKLLYIALSWPITSASTENSFSTLPRLKTYLCNTMGQEKLTGPALMAVEQELVNKLMEPERLNEIVEKFISQMKEI . . M6ATAR00455 Zinc finger protein 609 (ZNF609) KIAA0295 ZN609_HUMAN hsa:23060 HGNC:29003 . ENSG00000180357 23060 ZNF609 Protein coding 15q22.1 MSLSSGASGGKGVDANPVETYDSGDEWDIGVGNLIIDLDADLEKDQQKLEMSGSKEVGIPAPNAVATLPDNIKFVTPVPGPQGKEGKSKSKRSKSGKDTSKPTPGTSLFTPSEGAASKKEVQGRSGDGANAGGLVAAIAPKGSEKAAKASRSVAGSKKEKENSSSKSKKERSEGVGTCSEKDPGVLQPVPLGGRGGQYDGSAGVDTGAVEPLGSIAIEPGAALNPLGTKPEPEEGENECRLLKKVKSEKMESPVSTPAVLPIHLLVPVVNNDISSPCEQIMVRTRSVGVNTCDVALATEPECLGPCEPGTSVNLEGIVWQETEDGMLVVNVTWRNKTYVGTLLDCTRHDWAPPRFCDSPTSDLEMRNGRGRGKRMRPNSNTPVNETATASDSKGTSNSSKTRAGANSKGRRGSQNSSEHRPPASSTSEDVKASPSSANKRKNKPLSDMELNSSSEDSKGSKRVRTNSMGSATGPLPGTKVEPTVLDRNCPSPVLIDCPHPNCNKKYKHINGLKYHQAHAHTDDDSKPEADGDSEYGEEPILHADLGSCNGASVSQKGSLSPARSATPKVRLVEPHSPSPSSKFSTKGLCKKKLSGEGDTDLGALSNDGSDDGPSVMDETSNDAFDSLERKCMEKEKCKKPSSLKPEKIPSKSLKSARPIAPAIPPQQIYTFQTATFTAASPGSSSGLTATVAQAMPNSPQLKPIQPKPTVMGEPFTVNPALTPAKDKKKKDKKKKESSKELESPLTPGKVCRAEEGKSPFRESSGDGMKMEGLLNGSSDPHQSRLASIKAEADKIYSFTDNAPSPSIGGSSRLENTTPTQPLTPLHVVTQNGAEASSVKTNSPAYSDISDAGEDGEGKVDSVKSKDAEQLVKEGAKKTLFPPQPQSKDSPYYQGFESYYSPSYAQSSPGALNPSSQAGVESQALKTKRDEEPESIEGKVKNDICEEKKPELSSSSQQPSVIQQRPNMYMQSLYYNQYAYVPPYGYSDQSYHTHLLSTNTAYRQQYEEQQKRQSLEQQQRGVDKKAEMGLKEREAALKEEWKQKPSIPPTLTKAPSLTDLVKSGPGKAKEPGADPAKSVIIPKLDDSSKLPGQAPEGLKVKLSDASHLSKEASEAKTGAECGRQAEMDPILWYRQEAEPRMWTYVYPAKYSDIKSEDERWKEERDRKLKEERSRSKDSVPKEDGKESTSSDCKLPTSEESRLGSKEPRPSVHVPVSSPLTQHQSYIPYMHGYSYSQSYDPNHPSYRSMPAVMMQNYPGSYLPSSYSFSPYGSKVSGGEDADKARASPSVTCKSSSESKALDILQQHASHYKSKSPTISDKTSQERDRGGCGVVGGGGSCSSVGGASGGERSVDRPRTSPSQRLMSTHHHHHHLGYSLLPAQYNLPYAAGLSSTAIVASQQGSTPSLYPPPRR . Transcription factor, which activates RAG1, and possibly RAG2, transcription. Through the regulation of RAG1/2 expression, may regulate thymocyte maturation. Along with NIPBL and the multiprotein complex Integrator, promotes cortical neuron migration during brain development by regulating the transcription of crucial genes in this process. Preferentially binds promoters containing paused RNA polymerase II. Up-regulates the expression of SEMA3A, NRP1, PLXND1 and GABBR2 genes, among others. [Isoform 2]: Involved in the regulation of myoblast proliferation during myogenesis.. M6ATAR00456 Zinc finger protein 750 (ZNF750) . ZN750_HUMAN hsa:79755 HGNC:25843 . ENSG00000141579 79755 ZNF750 Protein coding 17q25.3 MSLLKERKPKKPHYIPRPPGKPFKYKCFQCPFTCNEKSHLFNHMKYGLCKNSITLVSEQDRVPKCPKSNSLDPKQTNQPDATAKPASSKSVANGLSAFDSKLQHSSAREDIKENLELQARGTHRCLGQKPALHRASPCKSPAPEAALGAQPALEGAARPSAFVPVGEHRLKGPDNAEAPETLALHNPTAKAVSFHTKSAFHTPGYPWKAGSPFLPPEFPHKISSTKGLGAISPYMHPTIPEYPPHFYTEHGLATIYSPYLLAGSSPECDAPLLSVYGTQDPRHFLPHPGPIPKHLAPSPATYDHYRFFQQYPSNLPIPYGFYRPESAFSSYGLRLPPVTGLTRDQSSHLLEEATLVYPASSPSRLNPSDPNRKHVEFESPIPEAKDSSKAGQRDTEGSKMSPRAGSAATGSPGRPSPTDFMQTSQTCEGLYDLSNKAASSALGRLYPPEQSLTAFRPVKKSTECLPAQAAETTAESPVSLNVVNGDPPAPTGSASLVSEAAPSSPDDSSGMGPLNLSKKSEINLAATHEPTYQGSPQAETASFSELQDLPLNLSVKDPCNTQAPRPAFPGRPRAAEPAAAVPQKTGTEGSEDGPSHPETKPGSLDGDGAPPTGPGEEAPDACAVDSSEEQKQTAAVALCQLAAYSPRNIRVGDGDAAAPEPACRQDTPTLSSMESQEAQCDLRPKGQKRTSLRDAGKSQQGAKKAKLQDTARVFTLRRRARVS . Transcription factor involved in epidermis differentiation. Required for terminal epidermal differentiation: acts downstream of p63/TP63 and activates expression of late epidermal differentiation genes. Specifically binds to the promoter of KLF4 and promotes its expression. M6ATAR00267 Zinc finger protein GLI1 (GLI1) Glioma-associated oncogene; Oncogene GLI; GLI GLI1_HUMAN hsa:2735 HGNC:4317 . ENSG00000111087 2735 GLI1 Protein coding 12q13.3 MFNSMTPPPISSYGEPCCLRPLPSQGAPSVGTEGLSGPPFCHQANLMSGPHSYGPARETNSCTEGPLFSSPRSAVKLTKKRALSISPLSDASLDLQTVIRTSPSSLVAFINSRCTSPGGSYGHLSIGTMSPSLGFPAQMNHQKGPSPSFGVQPCGPHDSARGGMIPHPQSRGPFPTCQLKSELDMLVGKCREEPLEGDMSSPNSTGIQDPLLGMLDGREDLEREEKREPESVYETDCRWDGCSQEFDSQEQLVHHINSEHIHGERKEFVCHWGGCSRELRPFKAQYMLVVHMRRHTGEKPHKCTFEGCRKSYSRLENLKTHLRSHTGEKPYMCEHEGCSKAFSNASDRAKHQNRTHSNEKPYVCKLPGCTKRYTDPSSLRKHVKTVHGPDAHVTKRHRGDGPLPRAPSISTVEPKREREGGPIREESRLTVPEGAMKPQPSPGAQSSCSSDHSPAGSAANTDSGVEMTGNAGGSTEDLSSLDEGPCIAGTGLSTLRRLENLRLDQLHQLRPIGTRGLKLPSLSHTGTTVSRRVGPPVSLERRSSSSSSISSAYTVSRRSSLASPFPPGSPPENGASSLPGLMPAQHYLLRARYASARGGGTSPTAASSLDRIGGLPMPPWRSRAEYPGYNPNAGVTRRASDPAQAADRPAPARVQRFKSLGCVHTPPTVAGGGQNFDPYLPTSVYSPQPPSITENAAMDARGLQEEPEVGTSMVGSGLNPYMDFPPTDTLGYGGPEGAAAEPYGARGPGSLPLGPGPPTNYGPNPCPQQASYPDPTQETWGEFPSHSGLYPGPKALGGTYSQCPRLEHYGQVQVKPEQGCPVGSDSTGLAPCLNAHPSEGPPHPQPLFSHYPQPSPPQYLQSGPYTQPPPDYLPSEPRPCLDFDSPTHSTGQLKAQLVCNYVQSQQELLWEGGGREDAPAQEPSYQSPKFLGGSQVSPSRAKAPVNTYGPGFGPNLPNHKSGSYPTPSPCHENFVVGANRASHRAAAPPRLLPPLPTCYGPLKVGGTNPSCGHPEVGRLGGGPALYPPPEGQVCNPLDSLDLDNTQLDFVAILDEPQGLSPPPSHDQRGSSGHTPPPSGPPNMAVGNMSVLLRSLPGETEFLNSSA GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-GACCACCCA-3'. Regulates the transcription of specific genes during normal development. Plays a role in craniofacial development and digital development, as well as development of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Mediates SHH signaling. Plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation via its role in SHH signaling. [Isoform 2]: Acts as a transcriptional activator, but activates a different set of genes than isoform 1. Activates expression of CD24, unlike isoform 1. Mediates SHH signaling. Promotes cancer cell migration. M6ATAR00399 Zinc finger protein SNAI1 (SNAI1) Protein snail homolog 1; Protein sna; SNAH SNAI1_HUMAN hsa:6615 HGNC:11128 . ENSG00000124216 6615 SNAI1 Protein coding 20q13.13 MPRSFLVRKPSDPNRKPNYSELQDSNPEFTFQQPYDQAHLLAAIPPPEILNPTASLPMLIWDSVLAPQAQPIAWASLRLQESPRVAELTSLSDEDSGKGSQPPSPPSPAPSSFSSTSVSSLEAEAYAAFPGLGQVPKQLAQLSEAKDLQARKAFNCKYCNKEYLSLGALKMHIRSHTLPCVCGTCGKAFSRPWLLQGHVRTHTGEKPFSCPHCSRAFADRSNLRAHLQTHSDVKKYQCQACARTFSRMSLLHKHQESGCSGCPR snail C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Involved in induction of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), formation and maintenance of embryonic mesoderm, growth arrest, survival and cell migration. Binds to 3 E-boxes of the E-cadherin/CDH1 gene promoter and to the promoters of CLDN7 and KRT8 and, in association with histone demethylase KDM1A which it recruits to the promoters, causes a decrease in dimethylated H3K4 levels and represses transcription. The N-terminal SNAG domain competes with histone H3 for the same binding site on the histone demethylase complex formed by KDM1A and RCOR1, and thereby inhibits demethylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-4' (in vitro). During EMT, involved with LOXL2 in negatively regulating pericentromeric heterochromatin transcription (By similarity). SNAI1 recruits LOXL2 to pericentromeric regions to oxidize histone H3 and repress transcription which leads to release of heterochromatin component CBX5/HP1A, enabling chromatin reorganization and acquisition of mesenchymal traits (By similarity). Associates with EGR1 and SP1 to mediate tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA)-induced up-regulation of CDKN2B, possibly by binding to the CDKN2B promoter region 5'-TCACA-3. In addition, may also activate the CDKN2B promoter by itself. M6ATAR00677 Zinc finger protein SNAI2 (Slug) Neural crest transcription factor Slug; Protein snail homolog 2 SNAI2_HUMAN hsa:6591 HGNC:11094 . ENSG00000019549 6591 Slug Protein coding 8q11.21 MPRSFLVKKHFNASKKPNYSELDTHTVIISPYLYESYSMPVIPQPEILSSGAYSPITVWTTAAPFHAQLPNGLSPLSGYSSSLGRVSPPPPSDTSSKDHSGSESPISDEEERLQSKLSDPHAIEAEKFQCNLCNKTYSTFSGLAKHKQLHCDAQSRKSFSCKYCDKEYVSLGALKMHIRTHTLPCVCKICGKAFSRPWLLQGHIRTHTGEKPFSCPHCNRAFADRSNLRAHLQTHSDVKKYQCKNCSKTFSRMSLLHKHEESGCCVAH Snail C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Transcriptional repressor that modulates both activator-dependent and basal transcription. Involved in the generation and migration of neural crest cells. Plays a role in mediating RAF1-induced transcriptional repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) and subsequent oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells (By similarity). Represses BRCA2 expression by binding to its E2-box-containing silencer and recruiting CTBP1 and HDAC1 in breast cells. In epidermal keratinocytes, binds to the E-box in ITGA3 promoter and represses its transcription. Involved in the regulation of ITGB1 and ITGB4 expression and cell adhesion and proliferation in epidermal keratinocytes. Binds to E-box2 domain of BSG and activates its expression during TGFB1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatocytes. Represses E-Cadherin/CDH1 transcription via E-box elements. Involved in osteoblast maturation. Binds to RUNX2 and SOC9 promoters and may act as a positive and negative transcription regulator, respectively, in osteoblasts. Binds to CXCL12 promoter via E-box regions in mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts. Plays an essential role in TWIST1-induced EMT and its ability to promote invasion and metastasis. M6ATAR00112 ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1 (ZFAS1) ZFAS1; C20orf199NCRNA00275ZNFX1-AS1; chromosome 20 open reading frame 199; non-protein coding RNA 275; ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding); HSUP1; HSUP2 . . HGNC:33101 . ENSG00000177410 441951 ZFAS1 LncRNA 20q13.13 . Small nucleolar RNA non-coding host genes; Long non-coding RNAs with non-systematic symbols .